abb – september, 2015 renewables in remote microgrids ... · renewables in remote microgrids...
TRANSCRIPT
Renewables in Remote MicrogridsStories of success, challenges and perseverance
“For every successful renewable microgrid project you hear about today and tomorrow, there are just as many historical shipwrecks of good intention”
Famous quote, William RM Galton, 2015 Renewables in Remote Microgrids conference, Yellowknife.
Renewables in Remote MicrogridsStories of success, challenges and perseverance
Return on investmentRenewable intermittencyEnvironmental issuesLogistical issuesUnproven technologies
Renewables in Remote MicrogridsStories of challenges
What do you get when you add
+ +
Logistical nightmare!
Renewables in Remote MicrogridsStories of challenges
McChord Field is home to a wide variety of units and missions. The 62nd Airlift Wing is the active duty wing on McChord Field. They fly C-17 Globemaster IIIs to provide combat airlift for America.
Renewables in Remote MicrogridsStories of challenges – Ross Island, Antarctica
40 foot frequency converter being delivered by C-17 in Ross Island
Renewables in Remote MicrogridsStories of perseverance
1990 1998 2001 2007 2010
NapperbyNorthern Territory
DenhamWestern Australia
MawsonAntarctica
Coral Bay Western Australia
Marble Bar & Nullagine Western
Australia
Automation of Diesel Power
Station(Battery System)
Wind/Diesel Wind/Grid Stabilising
Wind/Diesel/Flywheel
Solar/Diesel/ Flywheel
0% Penetration
15% Penetration
85% Penetration
95% Penetration
100% Penetration
Penetration means peak penetration, i.e. peak renewable energy as percentage of total energy generated
Inherent volatility of renewable energy can compromise grid stability
The renewable energy integration solution must address requirements traditionally fulfilled by diesel generation (base load)
Frequency and voltage control
Sufficient spinning reserve
Sufficient active and reactive power supply
Peak shaving and load levelling
Load sharing between generators
Fault current provision
Renewable energy generation capacity should be sized to maximize ROI and fuel savings
Renewable energy integration challengesManaging power output fluctuations
ROI: Return on investment
Grid stabilizing: PowerStore-Flywheel System
18 MWs FlywheelInverters 500– 1,500 kVA
Power 3,600 RPM
MG
440Vac60-120Hz
440Vac50/60Hz
Reactive
Real
Power
Real
Power
FixedFrequency
VariableFrequency
2.9T1,800 -
GridConverter
FlywheelConverter
ECMS
SCADA, System Control
Features:
High power; low energy
High Duty Cycle
Services:
Grid Stabilization & Frequency Regulation
Reactive Power Support & Voltage Regulation
Spinning Reserve
Voltage reference for inverter-only system
Virtual Generator (Grid Forming)
PowerStore operates like a diesel/gas synchronous generator with
Isochronous/droop Frequency & Voltage Control
Proportional kW loadsharing
Proportional kvar loadsharing
Proportional energy sharing
Fault ride through & fault current
Standalone or parallel operation with other generators
Grid Support (Grid Following)
PowerStore responds to frequency and voltage changes in the network
Frequency & Voltage support
Fault ride through
External Power/Reactive power setpoint
Parallel operation with other generators
PowerStore Control Modes
Grid Stabilizing versus Energy Storage The 7S Applications in Microgrids
Application Time Frame Energy Power
1 Standalone (diesel off) millisec low high
2 Stabilize (f,V support) seconds low high
3 Statcom (Power Quality) seconds zero high
4 Spinning Reserve seconds/minutes medium high
5 Smoothing (Renewable Energy) minutes medium medium
6 Shaping (Peak Lopping) minutes/hours medium Low
7 Shifting (Load levelling) hours high low
Renewables in Remote MicrogridsStories of success
Working with the community
- Where possible providing jobs during install and commissioning
- Where possible skilling up and training local communities for ongoing roles (maintenance, ESO’s)
- Getting school kids (future custodians) involved throughout the project and teaching them the benefits that renewables bring to their community
Diesel offset i.e. reduction in OPEX
Reducing transport and storage of fossil fuels
References – Ancillary power system servicesKodiak Island, grid stabilizing system
Project nameKodiak Island
LocationAlaska, USA
CustomerKodiak Electric Association
Completion dateCompleted in 2015
ABB solution
Delivered two 1MW PowerStore-flywheel units to stabilize the power grid and increase renewable energy
Customer benefits Help to manage the intermittencies from a 9 MW wind farm Provide voltage and frequency support for a new crane Extend the life of the battery systems Reduced reliance on diesel generators
Two PowerStores act in parallel in order to deliver optimal grid stabilization on Kodiak island
“Not only will the ABB PowerStores allow us to shave the peaks off our cranes’ load, it will also reduce the stresses placed on our battery systems and extend their lifespans, which was a key deciding factor to move forward with this project.” Darron Scott, president and CEO of Kodiak Electric Association
About the project
Kodiak IslandWind Farm fluctuation mitigation
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.6
59.7
59.8
59.9
60
60.1
60.2
60.3
60.4
60.5
60.6
60.7
-700
-600
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1:45:00 1:45:30 1:46:00 1:46:30 1:47:00 1:47:30 1:48:00 1:48:30 1:49:00 1:49:30 1:50:00
Freq
uenc
y [H
z]
Pow
er [k
W]
Time [hh:mm:ss]
Wind Regulation [Jul 24, 01:47] PS #1 -Power Output
PS #2 -Power Output
SystemFrequency
FrequencySetpoint
Kodiak IslandResponse to Wind Turbine Trip
57.657.757.857.958.058.158.258.358.458.558.658.758.858.959.059.159.259.359.459.559.659.759.859.960.060.160.2
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
4:31:30 4:32:00 4:32:30 4:33:00 4:33:30 4:34:00 4:34:30 4:35:00 4:35:30 4:36:00 4:36:30
Freq
uncy
[Hz]
Pow
er [k
W]
Time [hh:mm:ss]
Wind Turbine Trip Response (Aug 30)
Total PS Power
Frequency
Kodiak IslandWind Farm, WTG Trip regulation
59.4
59.5
59.6
59.7
59.8
59.9
60
60.1
60.2
60.3
60.4
60.5
60.6
60.7
60.8
60.9
61
61.1
61.2
61.3
61.4
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
15:03:30 15:03:40 15:03:50 15:04:00 15:04:10 15:04:20
Time [hh:mm:ss]
Freq
uenc
y [H
z]
Pow
er [k
W]
Wind Farm, WTG trip (Aug 30)
WF Power
Net WF + PSPower
Frequency
References – Integrated wind or PV plantRoss Island, Wind/Diesel
Project nameRoss IslandCountryRoss Island, AntarcticaCustomerNew Zealand’s Antarctic Division USA McMurdo Station Completion date2009
ABB solution
Integration of wind turbines into the microgrid with PowerStore grid-stabilization and Microgrid Plus System
Implement a frequency converter to connect a 50Hz network to a 60Hz one
The resulting system consists of: Diesel (9 x 125kW), WTG (3 x 330kW), PowerStore-flywheel (1 x 500kW), Microgrid Plus System, frequency converter
Customer benefits Minimize diesel consumption
Reduced environmental risk of transporting diesel
463,000 litres of diesel fuel saved annually
2,800 tonnes CO2 avoided annually
Up to 70% wind power peak penetration
About the project
Integration of the southernmost wind farm in the world into a dual 50 and 60Hz microgrid
Project References
Stage 2 plans are to increase the number of wind turbines, creating a high penetration system
Ross Island, Wind/Diesel System Antarctica
Customer Horizon Power Office of Energy, Government of Western Australia
Key objectives Minimize diesel consumption Reliable and stable power supply
Project ReferencesMarble Bar, Western Australia – Solar/Diesel System
ABB solution Implement a solar microgrid with PowerStore grid-
stabilizing technology and microgrid automation
System Specifications 4 x 320kW Diesel Generators 1 x 300kW Solar PV Farm 1 x 500kW PowerStore grid stabilizing system
182,000 liters of fuel saved annually 1,100 tonnes CO2 avoided annually 60% of energy supplied from PV plant
References – Integrated wind or PV plantLaing O’Rourke, Solar/Diesel
Project nameLaing O’Rourke Construction CampCountryRemote Queensland, AustraliaCustomerLaing O’RourkeCompletion date2015
Customer benefits Expected diesel fuel saving is 88,865 litres per year Scalable MicrogridPlus solution adapted for redeployment
of semi portable hybrid system & extendable with energy storage
World first large-scale portable solar hybrid plant
“A portable hybrid system, constructed off-site and easily transportable, could be a real game changer for off-grid locations in Australia and beyond” Ivor Frischknecht, ARENA Chief Executive
About the project
ABB solution Integration of solar PV into a diesel powered grid using the
MicrogridPlus System The resulting system consists of: Diesel (4 x 450kW), PV
plant (141kW), MicrogridPlus System Project supported by the Australian Renewable Energy
Agency
ABB technology enables medium and high penetration of up to 100% into islanded microgrids Proven Technology:
15+ years Microgrid Plus System
10+ years PowerStore synthetic inertia stabilisation system
Expertise in engineering and consulting 25+ years of system design, modelling and optimization
Highest number of projects integrating renewables into microgrids worldwide.
Continious incremental development to modern technlology
Experience with both Wind and Solar projects in challenging remote areas (Remote Australia, Antartica, Alaska)
Supported by Global ABB R&D Productisation and testing in ABB Test Facilities prior to
deployment
Global research support with selecting new technolgies e.g. battery technology
Strenth of ABB R&D to support any unknown scenarios
Product Lifecycle support.
Microgrid SolutionsPeace of mind from ABB
PowerStore Loads
Diesel generators
Renewable energy generation
M+ System
ABB