aalborg university's “series”of cubesats
TRANSCRIPT
2ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
BACKGROUND: Some Student Activities
• AAU Cubesat 2001-2003
• ESA SSETI EXPRESS 2004-2005
• AAUSAT-II 2003-2008 → 09
• GENSO 2006-20??
• AAUSAT3 2007-2010?
• New Europan&American project on way 2010-?
• Five ESA parabolic flights – one invited
• PhD projects like formation flying etc
3ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
Today
• Around the satellites• Cubesat• AAUSAT-II - 1st part• SSETI EXPRESS• [[ Baumanetz (Moscow Tech University) ]] • (Genso)• AAUSAT3
• Lessons learned• SSETI EXPRESS• AAUSAT-II• Genso• (AAUSAT3)
• Education• Uni CV• ESA Education• Cooperation – goals,...
• If time left of 20 minutes then ;-)
4ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
The first student space activity: AAU CUBESAT
• The first AAU cubesat: AAU CUBESAT was launched as a project in 2001.
• successful launch in June 30th 2003
• 2 years of development
• End of operation September 3rd 2003
• Considered a success
• Many students has participated• as educational projects• and in spare time• Some are even present today :-)
• More than 30 students involved
• Master specialization in Space as a secondary result !
5ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
AAU Cubesat decomposed - short
• C167 CPU
• Pic sub processors
• I2C networking
• Camera payload
• ADCS
• Communication 43X MHz
6ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
AAU Cubesat - operations
• SUCCESS - IT WORKED !!! - Respond from space :-)
• Signal level above/below/around noise floor :-(
• Off line signal analysis did retrieve some information
• No real time two way “operational” communication
• Weak points• Antenna system• Battery system
• Strong points• Mechanical design• OBC• Frame “exported”• “The process”
7ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
AAUSAT-II
• Start up in 2003
• Launch April 28st 2008 - more than 65 students involved
• 5 years time of development !!! :-( more on that later
• Students from three different University Departments• Mechanics, electronics/control/IT, energy
8ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
AAUSAT-II Payload – a science experiment
• FIRST TIME A REAL CUSTOMER
• New radiation sensor from Danish National Space Center
• First time in space
• Sensor candidate for the ESA ASIM mission
• All electronics by students!
• May be extra payload on coming satellite
• So it is not for fun only :-)
9ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
AAUSAT-II short II
• OBC/CDH(ARM7) 2 * 4MB flash. 2MB RAM, eCos
• EPS (PIC18F) • 4 sun sensors• Battery, solar panel voltages, current consumption ,...
• COM (radio part)(PIC18F) + SW on OBC• COM (protocol part) on OBC
• ADCS (algorithms on OBC)• ADCS(coil control on seperate PIC18F)
• 3 mag coils• 3 reaction wheels • FIRST STUDENT SAT WITH REACTION WHEELS ?!
• mag field sensors and gyros
• PAYLOAD( xtal and measuring SW on PIC18F)
• Internal 125 kbit/sec CANBUS network
10ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
• OBC Arm7 hosts:
• CDH
• Flightplanner
• COM protocol part (AX.25)• ADCS,... (lots of SW)• Firmware uploads (up to 8 images with fall back procedures)• PAYLOAD logging• Flash storage• Large command set• Time sync, bootlogs,...• Remote debugging from GND
• and much much more
11ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
12ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
A complex system ? !
• 1 main computer + 4 subsystem computers
• Periodic link to earth (max max 4 * 6 min a day)• Varying quality• Operations may be spread over more than one pass• 1200/2400/(4800) bits/sec
• So YES – a (too ?) complicated system
13ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
LAUNCH AND OPERATIONS (www.aausatii.aau.dk)
• Launch April 28th 2008 from ISRO facilities Chennai, India
• First sound of life from CalPoly(USA) • Real time streaming from their GND !• by use of prototype of Genso !! • First time ever Genso used in real life ?!
• Still ... in business
14ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
How do we run it ?
• Radio (Icom 910H) + Beko hlv1100 (1kW UHF amp)
• GND PC ontrolling• Radio• Modem• Antenna• Std old fashion ASCII based terminal interface :-)• All radio up and down recorded as wav files• Skype based interface for remote “listening to space music”•
• MCC PC running• Java based GUI • SQL databas
June 6th 2008
15ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
NOW realtime operation from here to AAU !!!
• We will just run our GND from here with all bells and w....
16ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
NOW realtime operation from here to AAU
• We will just run our GND from here with all bells and w....
• Hmmm ...
• Just experienced ESA firewalls – not unbreakable but ...
• Better behave nice ...
17ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
18ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
19ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
Lessons learned ! ? :-(
• Too many to come with them here
• A few remarks• Log books every day• Camera camera and get them damn pictures uploaded ASAP• Decompose all actions into nearly dummy actions and log them• Dont rely on your professor – it's yours satellite !!!• TEST TEST TEST TEST and document them
• And many many more
• We do intend to make our “LL” when they will be finalized
• Two major problems• Weak signals• 11.4 reboot/24 hour due to high temperature which freeze
CANcontroller.• Tumbling
20ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
Just one more
• EPS powersupply with 1 Mhz pic processor – slow robust• 2 interrupt service routines plus one main loop • All coded in C
• Act as AAUSAT-II watchdog as well as controlling power
AAUSAT-II delivered for launch July 2007
• Just to be sure test:
• AAUSAT-II was running one month untouched on test in lab – it just stopped !!!!!!!!!!
• And it was Christmas holiday 2007
• Analysis showed we will have lost the satellite – no doubt !!
• Solution: move a few lines of C code in an ISR just a few lines up. (hazard – my course :-(
• Primo 2008 two students went to Canada to reprogram !
21ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
Just two ... tumbling
22ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
HAM people :-)
OZ5TG aka Verner
23ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
The duration problem for AAUSAT-II
• 5 years = long time !!!• Students leave university• Knowledge disappear• Documentation yes – buth ...
• SSETI EXPRESS came in between :-)
• Baumanetz for University of Moscow
24ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
Baumanetz – upon request from Moscow
25ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
26ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
ESA SSETI EXPRESS
• SSETI EXPRESS start January 2003
• Ready for launch summer 2005
• More than 30 students involved in Aalborg
27ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
Launch Oct 27th 2005
First pass 100% functionallity
Great success for
ESA Education and
all the students !!!
28ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
• First pass 100% success !!
• Everything did work • Except for the PSU
• Batteries was drained before dawn
• Rapid sat contruction with success
• AAU did contribute with• Onboard computer and SW• Camera payload• ADCS• Onboard network• Ground station and MCC• Participated in integration and test at ESTEC and Plesetsk• Post mortem analysis – took place at AAU
29ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
MORALE:
TIME WAS AND IS IMPORTANT !!
1.5 years project time did mean
many students did participate
from “birth” to “space grave”
students CAN cooperate across Europe !!
1.5 years very ok
5 years project maybe not ok!
30ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
GENSO
Global Educational Ground Network for
Satellite Operations• ESA,NASA,CSA,JAXA joint student activity (ISEB members)
• Start Oct 2006
• AAU participate
• In total 25 students involved
• Until now a success
• 2009: Hard to find students :-(
• Duration “problem”
• Too many projects ???
31ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
Start 2007
32ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
Mission
• Mission proposed by The Royal Danish Administration of Navigation in summer 2007
• Is it possible to receive AIS signals from ships an SART equipment in polar regions ?
• at 161.975 MHz and 162.025 MHz GMSK 9600 bits/sec TDMA
• So ...
• Construct an AIS satellite and operate in the polar regions
• And have it launched in LEO
33ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
Why AAUSAT3 ?
• Not only for fun – a real need
• Much “unknown” ship traffic in polar regions: around ...• Greenland(Denmark)• Iceland• Canada
• National Authorities wants to trace from space• For ships in “nominal mode” and in SART situations
• Extra driving force for students that their help is needed
34ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
AIS – Shipborne Automatic Identification System
35ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
Navigation, AIS
Unique vantage point Global coverage possible With Polar Orbiting Spacecraft – every
pass provides Northern and Southern Hemisphere coverage
Properly design constellation can provide frequent updates ( 15 Min) with high probability of detection and real time vessel localization
Space Based Data can be merged and correlated with Ground Based AIS and Other Systems
Single data collection point provides security and control of data distribution
Difficult to Spoof AIS detection from Space
36ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
STATUS short
• New OBC architecture developed
• Onboard communication and migration protocols developed
• New radio and protocols on way (Johan tomorrow here)
• AIS receiver designed
• Genso Gnd - we hope
• Cubesat on a PCB on way• EPS• OBC• ADCS• COM• FP• Canbus and I2C interface for rest of satellite
• Everything as ususal designed and constructed by students
37ESTEC Jan 09 /JDN
EOS – EndOfSlides