a tool for the water resources management · cálculos hidráulicos hidraulica prospecciones...

WATER BALANCEWATER BALANCENEXT GENERATION NEXT GENERATION

A TOOL FOR THE WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

PRESENTED BY: ANA DEISY LOPEZ – EL SALVADOR

NINTH WATER INFORMATION SUMMIT –(WIS-9)

WEST PALM BEACH, FLORIDA, JUNE 5 – 7 , 2007

Traditionally in our countries the Hydrologist have been Traditionally in our countries the Hydrologist have been working in Water Balances that consider just the working in Water Balances that consider just the elements of the surface water supply elements of the surface water supply ––How much is the How much is the precipitation, how much is lose by the precipitation, how much is lose by the evapotranspiration, how much is the quantity of the evapotranspiration, how much is the quantity of the water that became surface runoff and how much of the water that became surface runoff and how much of the quantity of water goes to the ground.quantity of water goes to the ground.But in order to be useful to the water planning and But in order to be useful to the water planning and water management, is necessary to have more water management, is necessary to have more information: What is the real availability of the water due information: What is the real availability of the water due its quality? What can be the changes on the water its quality? What can be the changes on the water availability if the use of the land changes or if there are availability if the use of the land changes or if there are changes on the precipitation or temperature? Where can changes on the precipitation or temperature? Where can be planned water related projects? be planned water related projects?

JUSTIFICATION

To answer those questions is necessary to go further To answer those questions is necessary to go further with the analysis and investigationwith the analysis and investigation

The objective is to determine the actual status and its The objective is to determine the actual status and its future projections of the water resources in quantity and future projections of the water resources in quantity and quality, determining the pressure over the water quality, determining the pressure over the water considering its spatial and temporal distribution, the considering its spatial and temporal distribution, the availability and the demand, to be a tool that allows to availability and the demand, to be a tool that allows to the planning people and the decision makers the the planning people and the decision makers the guidelines to the use and protection of the resources and guidelines to the use and protection of the resources and improve the life quality of the population, and finally, improve the life quality of the population, and finally, ensure the investments of the water related projects.ensure the investments of the water related projects.

OBJECTIVE

“The water balance is the fundamental tool that allow us to know the real availability of the water in quantity and in quality to achieve and adequated management and ensure the availability of the water for the future

generations”

Water Monitoring and Research

Hí

Protection AreasVulnerabilityScarcity IndexesPressure Indexes

DINAMIC AND INTEGRATED WATER BALANCE

Meteorology

Precipitation

Evapotranspiraton

Hidrology

Evaluation of the surface andGroundwater

SUPPLY

Quality Restrictions

÷ =Real Availability Demand

SURFACE RUNNOFF

STORAGE CHANGES

EVAPOTRANSPIRATIONPRECIPITATION

WATER SUPPLY: QUANTITY AND SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL ANALYSIS

INTEGRATION OF THE QUANTITY WITH THE QUALITY

The water in the basin is not always available, due that is important to know its quality and with this quality, which can be its potential use – or to know the actual limitations of the quality of the water to be used for the desired and planned use

The inner circle correspond to the Water Quality Index considering the Environmental Quality of the water that can be (depending of the value of the Index): Worst, Bad, Regular, Good and Excellent

This will indicate the capability of the water to accept aquatic life

The external band correspond to the use aptitude, and can be divided in three sections (The color means its aptitude to this use)

Green: Irrigation

Turquoise: Raw Water to covert on drinkable with conventional methods

Light Blue: human contact – tourism

WATER NATIONAL DIAGNOSIS AND USES PROPOSAL

http://www.kulmbach.net/~MGF-Gymnasium/bilderdaten/latinoam-elsalvador/Bilder/Lago de Coatepeque_jpg.jpg

WATER THAT CAN BE USE FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSES

http://www.kulmbach.net/~MGF-Gymnasium/bilderdaten/latinoam-elsalvador/Bilder/Lago de Coatepeque_jpg.jpg

SERVICIO HIDROLOGICO SERVICIO HIDROLOGICO NACIONALNACIONAL

EVALUATION CARACTERIZATION CARACTERIZATIONOF THE AQUIFER OF THE RESERVOIR OF THE WATER

Medición de niveles piezometricos

PrecipitacionesEvapotranspiraciónCaudales

HIDROLOGIA

Mapas geol. y topo.Columnas litológicasCarac. de los terrenos

Pruebas de bombeoCálculos hidráulicos

HIDRAULICA

ProspeccioneselectromagnéticasProspeccioneseléctricasRegistros eléctricos

GEOFISICA

Param. de campoAnálisis químicos

AREA DE ESTUDIO

MONITOREOGEOLOGIA

(actualmente niveles freáticos)

INTEGRATION OF THE SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER

INTEGRATION OF THE AVAILABILITY AND THE INTEGRATION OF THE AVAILABILITY AND THE DEMANDS DEMANDS –– SCARCITY INDEXESSCARCITY INDEXES

INTERNAL DEMANDS EXTERNAL DEMANDS FUTURE NEEDS

• Sectors demands: irrigation, water supply, hydroelectricity, tourism, ecological needs

•Quantification of the returns to the system

INDICE DE INDICE DE ESCASEZ %ESCASEZ %

CATEGORIACATEGORIA

< 1< 1 NO SIGNIFICATIVONO SIGNIFICATIVO

1 1 -- 1010 MINIMOMINIMO

11 11 -- 2020 MEDIOMEDIO

21 21 -- 5050 MEDIO ALTOMEDIO ALTO

> 50> 50 ALTOALTO

http://images.google.com.sv/imgres?imgurl=http://quantum.ucting.udg.mx/admin010/img/agua.jpg&imgrefurl=http://quantum.ucting.udg.mx/noticias/&h=183&w=273&sz=7&tbnid=I1uQMJfQA20J:&tbnh=72&tbnw=107&start=23&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dllave%2Bde%2Bagua%26start%3D20%26hl%3Des%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN

DINAMIC ANALYSISDINAMIC ANALYSISAnnual Water Balance

• Impacts on the availability of water on Niño or Niña years

• Impacts due extreme events (droughts, hurricanes)

Future Scenarios

• Land Use changes

• Water demand changes

• Climate variability and climate changes

SISTEMATIZATION

http://www.lademajagua.co.cu/IMAGES/reforestacion.jpg

WATER BALANCE IN ACTUAL CONDITIONS

pp RET. EV CUERPO DE AGUA EVT REAL EV URB.Q

REGISTRADO

DEM. INT DEM. EXT.CAMBIO DE

ALMAC.

ANUAL (Mm3) 334.26 7.91 130.51 122.65 3.84 44.11 15.82 5.59 19.65IE = 33.58 %

BALANCE HIDRICO CUENCA LAGO DE ILOPANGO

ESTACION DESAGUE

-150.00

-50.00

50.00

150.00

250.00

350.00

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PRECIPITACION

IM PORTACIONES

RETORNO DE DEM ANDA INTERNA

EVAPORACION DE CUERPOS DE AGUA +EVAPOTRANSPIRACION REAL + EVAPORACIONAREAS URBANASCAUDAL REGISTRADO EN ESTACION DESAGUE

DEM ANDA INTERNA

DEM ANDA EXTERNA

CAM BIO DE ALM ACENAM IENTO


ESTACION DESAGUEESCENARIO 1

-150.00

-50.00

50.00

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250.00

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ENER

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PRECIPITACION

IM PORTACIONES


EVAPORACION DE CUERPOS DE AGUA +EVAPOTRANSPIRACION REAL +EVAPORACION AREAS URBANASCAUDAL REGISTRADO EN ESTACION DESAGUE

DEM ANDA INTERNA

DEM ANDA EXTERNA


PP RET. EV CUERPO DE AGUA EVT REAL EV URB.Q

REGISTRADO

DEM. INT. DEM. EXT.CAMBIO DE

ALMAC.

ANUAL (Mm3) 334.26 7.91 130.51 112.50 3.84 44.11 15.82 5.59 29.80

RESULTS: INCREASE ON THE STORAGE VOLUME IN 10.15 Mm3

IE = 28.97 %

BENEFIT:

Water for 160.000 additional persons = 32.000 families

SCENARIO 1: INCREASE OF 50% OF FOREST AREA


REGISTRADO


ALMAC.

ANUAL (Mm3) 334.26 7.91 130.51 122.65 3.84 44.11 15.82 5.59 19.65IE = 33.58 %


ESTACION DESAGUE

-150.00

-50.00

50.00

150.00

250.00

350.00

ENER

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D (m

m)

PRECIPITACION

IM PORTACIONES



DEM ANDA INTERNA

DEM ANDA EXTERNA




ESTACION DESAGUEESCENARIO 2

-150.00

-50.00

50.00

150.00

250.00

350.00

ENER

O

FEB

RER

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PRECIPITACION

IM PORTACIONES


EVAPORACION DE CUERPOS DE AGUA +EVAPOTRANSPIRACION REAL + EVAPORACIONAREAS URBANASPOSIBLE CAUDAL REGISTRADO

DEM ANDA INTERNA

DEM ANDA EXTERNA


PP RET. EV CUERPO DE AGUA EVT REALEV

URBANAS

Q REGISTRA

DODEM. INT. DEM. EXT.

CAMBIO DE ALMAC.

ANUAL (Mm3) 334.26 7.91 130.51 119.38 5.78 51.29 15.82 5.59 13.80

RESULTS : DECREASE OF STORAGE VOLUME 5.85 Mm3

IE = 36.97 %

CONSEQUENCE

91.600 persons = 18.400 families affected

SCENARIO 2: INCREASE OF URBAN AREA


REGISTRADO


ALMAC.

ANUAL (Mm3) 334.26 7.91 130.51 122.65 3.84 44.11 15.82 5.59 19.65IE = 33.58 %


ESTACION DESAGUE

-150.00

-50.00

50.00

150.00

250.00

350.00

ENER

O

FEB

RER

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RZO

AB

RIL

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JUN

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JULI

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m)

PRECIPITACION

IM PORTACIONES



DEM ANDA INTERNA

DEM ANDA EXTERNA




ESTACION DESAGUE

-150.00

-50.00

50.00

150.00

250.00

350.00

ENER

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RER

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PRECIPITACION

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DEM ANDA INTERNA

DEM ANDA EXTERNA


RESULTS : OVER EXPLOTATION OF THE AQUIFER

PP RET.EV.

CUERPO DE AGUA

EVT REALEV

AREAS URBANAS

Q ESTIMADO DEM. INT.

DEM. EXT.

CAMBIO DE ALMAC.

ANUAL (Mm3) 209.31 7.91 130.51 104.27 3.09 25.42 15.82 5.59 -67.48

SCENARIO 3: REDUCTION OF 35% ANNUAL PRECIPITATIONSTRONG NIÑO YEAR

WATER SUPPLY MODULE

CALCULATION PERIODGEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

CALCULATION UNITS

RESULTADOS DE OFERTA HIDRICA POR CUENCA

POSSIBILITIES TO CHANGE THE LAND USES TO SEE THE IMPACT ON THE WATER OFERT RESULTS

WATER DEMAND MODULE

The irrigation demand is calculated in another module that is integrated after to the system

DEMANDA HUMANA

UBICACIÓN GEOGRAFICA PERIODO DE CALCULO

RESULTADOS

DEMANDA INDUSTRIAL

IRRIGATION DEMAND

OPTION OF THE CALCULATION METHODOLOGY

RESULTS OF THE WATER OFERT MODULE

DEMANDS AND RETURNS

WATER BALANCE AND SCARCITY INDEX OF THE BASIN

WATER BALANCE�NEXT GENERATION OBJECTIVEINTEGRATION OF THE AVAILABILITY AND THE DEMANDS – SCARCITY INDEXESDINAMIC ANALYSIS

a tool for the water resources management · cálculos hidráulicos hidraulica prospecciones...

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