“a successful man is usually a classifier and a chartmaker. this applies as much to modern...
Post on 21-Dec-2015
216 views
TRANSCRIPT
“A successful man is usually a classifier and a chartmaker. This applies as much
to modern business as to science or libraries…
A large business or work unclassified or uncharted is not a worthy organisation but mere material from which a clever
brain may construct one.
It differs in efficiency from the ideal as a mob of men differs from a well
disciplined army.”
Melvil Dewey
•Organising/classifying provides advantages the task is more effectively achieved, we have a higher chance of survival
•We must have evolved an ability to classifiy objects in the brain long before we started naming objects
•Now we name things and communicate we need to classify so we can find our way about the objects of our communication
The mental thesaurus .. is sometimes torn into pieces with clean edges... Among anomic patients (those who have trouble using nouns) different patients have problems with different kinds of nouns. ... Some can name animals and vegetables but not foods, body parts, clothing, vehicles, or furniture.
Steven Pinker - The Language Instinct
Classification is a natural activity of the brain - as some problems have revealed
All forms of classification and indexing help discriminate between what may and may not be relevant.
Faceted classification in online information retrieval and OPACs will
provide the user with more power to discriminate with
less effort.
This presentation takes up the cause of faceted classification and indexing in
the provision of what I have called
view-based searching
- direct user interaction with thesauri and classification schemes -
for online information retrieval
and
OPACs
View-based searching uses classification and thesauri for both
specifying the query and
presenting the results
HIBROWSEHigh resolution Interface for BROWsing
and SEarching
integrates the browsing and searching functions - as a device for navigating
n-dimensional information space
The following example of view-based searching
with HIBROWSEuses a subset of more than
600,000 recordsto biomedical publications
fromEMBASE
published by Elsevier Science BV
The following example of view-based searching
with HIBROWSEuses a subset of more than
600,000 recordsto biomedical publications
fromEMBASE
published by Elsevier Science BV
Views aretaken from the
EMTREE thesaurus 38,000 controlled vocabulary terms
with 300,000 entry terms15 main subject facets
e.g.Physical DiseasesChemicals & DrugsTherapeutic Techniques
Views aretaken from the
EMTREE thesaurus 38,000 controlled vocabulary terms
with 300,000 entry terms15 main subject facets
e.g.Physical DiseasesChemicals & DrugsTherapeutic Techniques
The HIBROWSE interface relates to Ranganathan’s Colon Classification
e.g.
DISEASEDISEASE : : THERAPYTHERAPY : : GROUPS BY AGEGROUPS BY AGE
each facet is a hierarchical view using EMTREE descriptors assigned to
67,497 documents on diseasedisease and therapytherapy
which also refer to a group by agegroup by age
DISEASEDISEASE : : THERAPYTHERAPY : : GROUPS BY AGEGROUPS BY AGE
DISEASEDISEASE : : THERAPYTHERAPY : : GROUPS BY AGEGROUPS BY AGE
17,859 cardiovascular disease
each one of the 17,859 documentson cardiovascular diseasecardiovascular disease must also
concern some aspect of therapytherapyand refer to a group by agegroup by age
46,715 drug therapy
each one of the 46,715 documentson drug therapydrug therapy must also
concern some aspect of diseasediseaseand refer to a group by agegroup by age
DISEASEDISEASE : : THERAPYTHERAPY : : GROUPS BY AGEGROUPS BY AGE
DISEASEDISEASE : : THERAPYTHERAPY : : GROUPS BY AGEGROUPS BY AGE
12,661 child
each one of the 12,661 documentson childchild must also
concern some aspect of diseasediseaseand therapytherapy
pointing and clicking on childchild in the groups by age groups by age facet refines
all three views to 12,661 documents
2,209 cardiovascular disease
the 17,859 documents on cardiovascular diseasecardiovascular disease
reduces to 2,209 each one relating to childchild
the groups by age facet now contains
more specific descriptors for childchild
pointing and clicking on thedrug therapydrug therapy folder
reveals more specific descriptorse.g. 300 documents on
antibiotic therapyantibiotic therapy
pointing and clicking on antibiotic therapyantibiotic therapy
further refines all three viewsto 300 documents
revealing which diseasesdiseasesare treated by antibiotic therapy
Adding a new view enables us to see what types of study types of study were used
pointing and clicking onthe document icon againstrandomized controlled trialrandomized controlled trial leads to a display of the actual
documents
Unfortunately:
EMBASE is not using pre-coordinated index terms
The results are from post-coordination
We will get false drops - which could be avoided if we use pre-coordinated terms
The best performance from view-based searching will be achieved with indexing
which uses faceted classification
“It is the duty of documentalists to spread the multi-dimensional universe of
knowledge along one line.
We have to map an n-dimensional space on a one-dimensional space.
S R Ranganathan
This is the problem in the organization of information and knowledge for use.”
Unlike Ranganathan’s Colon Classification and other faceted schemeswe do not need to choose
a sequence for the facets for view-based searching
DISEASE DISEASE : : THERAPY THERAPY : : GROUPS BY AGEGROUPS BY AGETHERAPY : DISEASE : GROUPS BY AGETHERAPY : DISEASE : GROUPS BY AGEGROUPS BY AGE : THERAPY : DISEASEGROUPS BY AGE : THERAPY : DISEASE DISEASE : GROUPS BY AGE : THERAPYDISEASE : GROUPS BY AGE : THERAPY
etc..etc..
Unlike Ranganathan’s Colon Classification and other faceted schemes
we can use as many or as few facets as are appropriate for the database and the information need
TYPES OF STUDY :DISEASETYPES OF STUDY :DISEASE::THERAPY THERAPY ::GROUPS BY AGEGROUPS BY AGETHERAPY : DISEASE : GROUPS BY AGETHERAPY : DISEASE : GROUPS BY AGE
THERAPY : DISEASETHERAPY : DISEASEPUBLICATION TYPE : DISEASE : THERAPYPUBLICATION TYPE : DISEASE : THERAPYDISEASE : COUNTRY OF AUTHOR : YEARDISEASE : COUNTRY OF AUTHOR : YEAR
etc..etc..
At the University of Huddersfield22 shelving assistants each walk some55 miles every week from September to
June to keep our books in order43,560 miles a year
In UK Universities these assistantswalk some 6.5 million miles a year
(10.5 million kilometers)
Computers can rearrange the multimedia library stock in a matter
of seconds
We can use the power of Information We can use the power of Information Technology to Technology to free ourselves from thefree ourselves from the
shackles of physical arrangementshackles of physical arrangement
Information is Information is multi-dimensionalmulti-dimensional
Ranganathan’s “one dimensional space”Ranganathan’s “one dimensional space”can be can be particular to each individualparticular to each individual..
That That individualindividual can can choosechoose how that how that space can be space can be effectivelyeffectively organised, organised,
given tools such as given tools such as HIBROWSEHIBROWSE® ® and and knowledge structures knowledge structures