A A Success CurriculumSuccess Curriculum for Wyoming for Wyoming

HS Hathaway RecipientsHS Hathaway Recipients

January 2007January 2007

HistoryHistory

19501950 80 % of jobs classified as 80 % of jobs classified as unskilled.unskilled.

20032003 85 % of jobs classified as skilled 85 % of jobs classified as skilled and require postsecondary and require postsecondary education.education.

Ref: Business Higher Education Forum-2003Ref: Business Higher Education Forum-2003

The Educational PipelineThe Educational Pipeline

Nationally: Nationally: 88% of 888% of 8thth graders say they graders say they will pursue post-secondary will pursue post-secondary education.education.

Wyoming: Wyoming: 40 out of every 100 entering 940 out of every 100 entering 9 thth

graders move directly on to graders move directly on to college. college.

The Wyoming Student PipelineThe Wyoming Student Pipeline

For every 100 HS freshman:For every 100 HS freshman:

Graduate from HS.Graduate from HS. 76 76 Attend college.Attend college. 40 40 Graduate within 150 % of time.Graduate within 150 % of time. 1919

Student Pipeline ComparisonStudent Pipeline Comparison

Problem

StateFor Every

100 9th Graders

High School Graduates

Enter College

Are still enrolled

their Sophomore

Year

Graduate within

150 % of Time

Massachusetts 100 75 53 42 29

Iowa 100 83 52 36 27

Wyoming 100 76 40 NA 19

College Participation (2002)College Participation (2002)

Indiana Rank:Indiana Rank: 99thth (40(40thth in 1988) in 1988)

College-going Rates of HS Graduates

55 5762 65

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

WY US IN MA

State

Per

cen

t

The Issues Affecting Low The Issues Affecting Low College EntranceCollege Entrance

PreparationPreparation

FinancialFinancial

TransitionTransition

All three must be addressed for success!All three must be addressed for success!

PreparationPreparation

What we teach in HS.What we teach in HS.

How we teach in HS.How we teach in HS.

Standards.Standards.

Information and the choices made based on information.Information and the choices made based on information.

(Course Selection)(Course Selection)

Success CurriculumSuccess Curriculum

Course Selection Course Selection

ACT Performance ACT Performance

College SuccessCollege Success

(workforce readiness)(workforce readiness)

ACT College ReadinessACT College ReadinessBenchmark StudyBenchmark Study

23,000 – 85,000 students23,000 – 85,000 students

College ready benchmarkCollege ready benchmark• 50 % chance of getting a B50 % chance of getting a B• 75 % chance of getting a C 75 % chance of getting a C

College BenchmarksCollege Benchmarks

MathMath 2222 (WY 21)(WY 21)

ScienceScience 2424 (WY 21.4)(WY 21.4)

EnglishEnglish 1818 (WY 20.6)(WY 20.6)

50 % chance of getting a B50 % chance of getting a B75 % chance of getting a C75 % chance of getting a C

ACT Core CurriculumACT Core Curriculum

English (4 years or more)English (4 years or more)

Math (3 years or more)Math (3 years or more) Al I, Al II, GeometryAl I, Al II, Geometry

Science (3 years or more)Science (3 years or more) General/Physical/Earth, Biology, General/Physical/Earth, Biology,

Chemistry, PhysicsChemistry, Physics

Social Studies (3 years or more)Social Studies (3 years or more)

ACT now argues that the core curriculum is not enough.

2004: 2004: 56% of ACT test takers had taken the core 56% of ACT test takers had taken the core curriculumcurriculum

2004 ACT Scores by College-Prep Core Coursework

17

17.5

18

18.5

19

19.5

20

20.5

21

21.5

22

English Math Science

Subject

AC

T S

core

Core

Non-core

2003 ACT

Colorado+ & Illinois+

Core Non-core

Colorado 21.9 18.5

Illinois 22.5 18.5

+Require ACT of all students.

High ACT Scores (High ACT Scores (>>26)26)

Top StatesTop States 23 %23 % Nat. AveNat. Ave 18 %18 % WyomingWyoming 16 %16 %

Wyoming’s average ACT score is above the national Wyoming’s average ACT score is above the national average!average!

Course Selection

ACT College Readiness: MathACT College Readiness: Math

BenchmarkBenchmark 2222• 75 % chance of getting a C 75 % chance of getting a C • 50 % chance of getting a B50 % chance of getting a B

WyomingWyoming college ready: 42%college ready: 42%

1212thth Graders in Upper Level Math (2004) Graders in Upper Level Math (2004)(Al II, Geom., Trig, Pre-calc., Calc.)(Al II, Geom., Trig, Pre-calc., Calc.)

Top StatesTop States 66 %66 % WyomingWyoming 51 %51 %

WY college ready: 42 %WY college ready: 42 %

Bachelor's Completion Rates by Highest Level of HS Math

0102030405060708090

Algebr

a I

Geom

etry

Algebr

a II

Trigon

omet

ry

Pre-ca

lculus

Calculu

s

Co

mp

leti

on

Ra

te (

%)

The level of math preparation is the single most important high school curricular experience to predict college success. (Adelman, 1999)

ACT College Readiness: ScienceACT College Readiness: Science

BenchmarkBenchmark 2424• 75 % chance of getting a C 75 % chance of getting a C • 50 % chance of getting a B50 % chance of getting a B

WyomingWyoming college ready: 29 %college ready: 29 %

99thth-12-12thth Graders in Upper Level Science (2004) Graders in Upper Level Science (2004)( Chem., Physics, Biol. II, 2( Chem., Physics, Biol. II, 2ndnd year Earth Sci., advanced science) year Earth Sci., advanced science)

Top StatesTop States 41 %41 %

WyomingWyoming 25 %25 %

WY college ready:WY college ready: 29 %29 %

HS Grads with High Test Scores HS Grads with High Test Scores Failing to go Directly on to CollegeFailing to go Directly on to College

AffluentAffluent 5 / 1005 / 100

Low-incomeLow-income 25 / 10025 / 100

Ref: Challenging Times, Clear Choices: An Action Agenda for College Access and Success

FinancialFinancial

Low Income ParticipationLow Income Participation

Preparation:Preparation: Low income students often Low income students often opt out of a opt out of a rigorousrigorous core core curriculum early!curriculum early!

Low Income College Prep:Low Income College Prep: 28 %28 % Middle Income College Prep:Middle Income College Prep: 48 %48 % High Income College Prep:High Income College Prep: 65 %65 %

Governors Guide: Helping All Students Achieve Secondary and

Postsecondary Success

Financial Financial Preparation ! Preparation !

} } SCSC

State ExamplesState Examples

IndianaIndiana

• College participation at 62 %College participation at 62 %

• National ranking improved from 34National ranking improved from 34thth to 9 to 9thth from 1992-2002 from 1992-2002

North CarolinaNorth Carolina

• College participation at 64 %College participation at 64 %

• National ranking improved from 37National ranking improved from 37thth to 6 to 6thth from 1992-2002 from 1992-2002

LouisianaLouisiana

• ACT scores rise for students enrolled in the Louisiana ACT scores rise for students enrolled in the Louisiana Regents CurriculumRegents Curriculum

Indiana Core 40Indiana Core 40

Math:Math: Al I, Al II, Geom.Al I, Al II, Geom.

Science:Science: Biology I, Chemistry I or Biology I, Chemistry I or Physics I, core 40 science Physics I, core 40 science electiveelective

EnglishEnglish 4 years to include 4 years to include literature, composition, and speechliterature, composition, and speech

Social StudiesSocial Studies 3 years3 years

Indiana: Indiana:

Student/Parent AccountabilityStudent/Parent Accountability

Students are automatically enrolled in a Students are automatically enrolled in a rigorous default (Core 40) program of study.rigorous default (Core 40) program of study.

Students and parents must opt out of the Students and parents must opt out of the rigorous default program.rigorous default program.

Also done in Texas & ArkansasAlso done in Texas & Arkansas++++

Arkansas Arkansas GraduationGraduation Requirements Requirements

MathMath Al I, Al II, Geom, elective (4 years)Al I, Al II, Geom, elective (4 years)

ScienceScience Biology I, Applied Biology, Chem. I, Biology I, Applied Biology, Chem. I, Physics I, Principles of Technology Physics I, Principles of Technology (3 years)(3 years)

EnglishEnglish 4 years 4 years

Oral CommunicationOral Communication 0.5 years0.5 years

Social StudiesSocial Studies 3 years3 years

UNC System (16 campuses)UNC System (16 campuses) Admission Requirements for 2006 Admission Requirements for 2006

MathMath Al I, Al II, two years beyond (4 years)Al I, Al II, two years beyond (4 years)

ScienceScience Biology , Chem. or Physics; Biology , Chem. or Physics; at least one laboratory course (3 years)at least one laboratory course (3 years)

EnglishEnglish 4 years 4 years

Foreign languageForeign language 2 years2 years

Social StudiesSocial Studies 2 years2 years

College participation: 1992-2002College participation: 1992-2002 + 14 %+ 14 %

Louisiana RegentsLouisiana Regents

MathMath Al I, Al II, Geom or Trig or CalculusAl I, Al II, Geom or Trig or Calculus

ScienceScience Biology, Chemistry, science electiveBiology, Chemistry, science elective

• An additional unit of advanced math or science.An additional unit of advanced math or science.

EnglishEnglish 4 years 4 years

Social StudiesSocial Studies 3 years3 years

Foreign Language Foreign Language (2 years, same language)(2 years, same language)

Louisiana 2004 ACT ScoresLouisiana 2004 ACT Scores

State AverageState Average 19.819.8

Less than Regents CoreLess than Regents Core 16.516.5

Regents CoreRegents Core 21.7 21.7

• Regents Core & GPARegents Core & GPA 23.823.8

Approximately 60 % of 2004 HS graduates took the Regents’ core curriculum.

California State UniversityCalifornia State University

400,000 students400,000 students

23 campuses23 campuses

Diverse (53% are students of color)Diverse (53% are students of color)

An economic engine for CaliforniaAn economic engine for California

• >50 % of state’s graduates of teachers>50 % of state’s graduates of teachers

• >50 % of state’s graduates in agriculture majors>50 % of state’s graduates in agriculture majors

• >50 % of state’s graduates in engineering>50 % of state’s graduates in engineering

CSU AdmissionCSU Admission

English English (4 years)(4 years)

Math Math (3 years, 4 is recommended: Al I, (3 years, 4 is recommended: Al I, Al II, Geom) Al II, Geom)

Laboratory Science Laboratory Science (2 years including 1 biological (2 years including 1 biological science and 1 physical science) science and 1 physical science)

History and Social Science History and Social Science (2 years)(2 years)

Foreign Language Foreign Language (2 years, same language)(2 years, same language)

Visual and performing arts Visual and performing arts (1 year)(1 year)

College Prep elective College Prep elective ( 1 Year)( 1 Year)

Key Elements of a WY: Key Elements of a WY: Success CurriculumSuccess Curriculum

4 years of grade-level English4 years of grade-level English

4 years of mathematics (Al I, Al II, Geom)4 years of mathematics (Al I, Al II, Geom)

4 years of science4 years of science

(3 taken from Bio I & II, Chemistry I & II, Physics I & II, (3 taken from Bio I & II, Chemistry I & II, Physics I & II, geology)geology)

3 years of social studies 3 years of social studies

2 years of foreign language (same language)2 years of foreign language (same language)

Arguments Against a SpecifiedArguments Against a SpecifiedSuccess CurriculumSuccess Curriculum

What about the fine arts and vocational careers?What about the fine arts and vocational careers?• Approximately 14-16 of 28-32 hours are specified.Approximately 14-16 of 28-32 hours are specified.

A burden to small schools?A burden to small schools?• Students/schools may be granted exemptions.Students/schools may be granted exemptions.

Will high school graduation rates decline?Will high school graduation rates decline?• Hathaway is completely decoupled from HS graduation requirements. Hathaway is completely decoupled from HS graduation requirements. • National data suggests National data suggests Success CurriculumSuccess Curriculum participation levels of 60-70%. participation levels of 60-70%.

All students are not college bound.All students are not college bound.• Post HS work requirements and college prep requirements are rapidly Post HS work requirements and college prep requirements are rapidly

converging.converging.

2004 Preparedness Survey2004 Preparedness Survey

1,500 recent high school graduates1,500 recent high school graduates(evenly divided between college and workforce bound)(evenly divided between college and workforce bound)

400 employers400 employers

300 college instructors300 college instructors

Achieve, Inc.Achieve, Inc.

HS Graduates with some Preparation GapsHS Graduates with some Preparation Gaps

0

10

20

30

40

50

CollegeBound HS

Grads

Non-collegeBound HS

Grads

CollegeInstructors

Employers

Per

cen

t U

np

rep

ared

40% of students at 4-year institutions took at least 40% of students at 4-year institutions took at least one remedial course (1980-1993).one remedial course (1980-1993).

80 % of students say they would have worked 80 % of students say they would have worked harder if HS’s had demanded more.harder if HS’s had demanded more.

2004

““It is generally ineffective to address It is generally ineffective to address onlyonly academic academic preparation preparation oror financial aid.” financial aid.”

College-going Rates of HS Graduates

55 5762 65

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

WY US IN MA

State

Per

cen

t

Indiana’s 21st Century Scholars Program (Lumina Report)Indiana’s 21st Century Scholars Program (Lumina Report)

REFERENCESREFERENCES

American Diploma Project: Ready or Not

The Expectations Gap

Access Illumination 2005: Indiana’s 21st Century Program

CHEPA: Preparing for College

On Course for Success

ACT: Crisis at the Core

Rising to the Challenge: Are HS Grads Prepared for College and Work