Impact of mastitis on milk production in Ratnanagar

municipality, Chitwan Nepal.

Group Members:Ishwor Dhakal*Saroj KhatiwadaBinita PoudelPriyanka devkota

*LeaderB.V.Sc. & A.H., Rampur Campus

Introduction

Background Livestock production play a vital role in Nepalese economy Chitwan is one of the leading district in terms of animal husbandary (My

Republica) Mastitis is most common and most costly diseases in dairy animals Mastitis may be clinical or subclinical. Subclinical mastitis is

finanancially more important and more prevalent than clinical mastitis Mastitis reduces milk yields, increases the cost of production and makes

milk less valuable for liquid consumption and manufacture Mastitis cause pathological changes in the mammary tissue and causes

an increase in no. of somatic cells as well as physical, chemical and microbiological changes in milk (Auldist et al., 1998)

Rationale of study??

Mastitis is a global problem as its adversely affects animal health, quality of milk and the economics of milk production affecting every country including developed ones and causes huge financial losses. (Sharma et al., 2007)

No such research has been carried out in Ratnanagar. Due to the absence of gross abnormalities of the udder and

milk farmer neither notice the condition nor go for any treatment.

Mastitis is the major production disease ; a huge economic loss.

Scope and Limitation of study

The farming system in Nepal is still at the subsistance level.

Aim/ objective

General objective To asses the impact of mastitis on milk

production.

Specific objectives To assess the impact of mastitis in milk

quality(SNF & Fat) To assess the impact of mastitis in Milk

quantity.

Literature of Review

According to Sinha, MK & Thombare NN (2013), The loss of Mastitis from dairy animals was recorded Rs. 1390.46 per lactation, in which 48.53% was from milk loss followed by veterinary expenses (36.57%), & additional cost of labour.

According to FAO (2014), For the milch animal population, with an estimated average incidence of Clinical Mastitis (CM) of 6.4 in cows & 3.84 in buffaloes, the annual financial losses due to Clinical form in India were Rs. 285.64*102(91 million USD of 1994) in cows & Rs. 234.59*107 in buffaloes (75 million USD of 1994).

The total loss due to Sub-Clinical Mastitis(SCM) was 603.87.107 for cows (192 million USD of 1994) & Rs. 483.1.107 in buffaloes (154 million USD of 1994).

Contd....

Due to the absence of gross abnormalities of the udder and milk farmer neither notice the condition nor go for any treatment. Nepal has suffered a loss of NRs. 4287 or USS 63 per buffalo per lactation (Dhakal and Thapa 2003).

Production losses due to subclinical mastitis on US dairy farm were estimated to cost the dairy industry one million dollars annually (ott, 1999)

The annual losses per cow from mastitis in the United States of America in 1976 were estimated to be US$ 117.35 per cow per year (Blosser, 1979); two decades later these losses had increased to US$ 185 to $ 200 per cow per year (Costello, 2004). In 1976, annual losses from mastitis in USA were estimated at a total of US$ 1294 billion, and had increased to US$ 2 billion by 2009 (Viguier, 2009).

Methodology

Study site: Ratnanagar Muniplicity Study design: Cross-sectional study Sample : Purposive sampling Sample size determination:

Total population(positive case of mastitis

of ratnanagar area) number is collected from

DLSO, Chitwan then sample size is determined

n = N/ (1+ Ne^2) n: sample size N: No. of Populatione: level of significance 5%

Site of

study

Sampling techniques

Two sets of questionnaires will developed, one for each Farmers and dairy co-operatives.

Farmers questionaire survey will conducted regarding no. of dairy animals, no of infected animal, management practices, milk production before and after mastitis etc.

Dairy cooperatives questionaire survey will conducted regarding history of milk quantity, SNF and Fat % before and after mastitis of perticular farmers.

#Data analysis by SPSS

Conclusion

Mastitis is a production disease. From this research we asses the impact of

mastitis on milk production. The high incidence, low cure rate of this

highly economic and sometimes deadly disease is an alarming for dairy sector as well as policy makers.

References

Adhikari, C.K. (2009). prevalence of SCM in Cattle and buffalo at different VDCs of Chitwan district. B.V.Sc. & A.H. Internship report.

Auldist, M.J., Coats, S., Rogers, G.C., and McDowell, G.H. (1995). Changes in the composition of milk from healthy and mastitic dairy cows during lactation cycle. Aus. J. Expt. Ag. 35, 427-436

Dhakal, I. P. & Thapa, D.B. 2003. economic impact of clinical mastritis in buffalo during lactation. Nep. Vet. J. 27,24-32

Ott, S. 1999. Cost of Herd level production losses associated with sub clinical mastitis in US. Dairy cows 1999.pp.152-156 in proceeding of the 38th annual meeting of national mastitis council Arlington VA. Natl. Mast Coun. Madison WI

My republica, 3rd august 2015

Thank You