a prism is a solid whose sides (lateral sides) are parallelograms and whose bases are a pair of...
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A prism is a solid whose sides (lateral sides) are parallelograms
and whose bases are a pair of identical parallel polygons. A
polygon is a simple closed figure whose sides are line segments.
Bases
Rectangular prism Pentagonal prism Triangular prism
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The volume of a solid is the number of cubes it takes to fill the solid.
The volume of a prism is found by multiplying the area of the base (B)
by the height of the prism. The height is the distance between the
2 bases.
BhV
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Find the volume of a rectangular prism that has length of 7cm, with
of 6 cm and height of 4 cm.
7 cm
6 cm4 cm
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Steel weighs 0.28 . What is the weight of a rectangular piece of steel 0.25 in. by 15.0 in. by 32.0 in?
3/lb in
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A cylinder is a geometric solid with a curved lateral surface. A can is
an example of a cylinder.The volume of a cylinder is given
by
hr
BhV2
r
h
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Example: Find the volume of the cylinder.
3
2
4.18086
)40()12(14.3
mV
V
d = 24 m
40 m
Since d = 24, then r = 12 m.
hrV 2
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The volume of any cone or pyramid is given by the formula
BhV3
1
height
Base
Slant height
diameter
height
Base
where B = area of the base
Apex
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Find the volume.
3995.193
)5.6)(7.87.8(3
13
1
in
BhV
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Find the volume.
3
2
2954
)6.19)(1214.3(3
13
1
in
BhV
19.6 cm
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The volume of a sphere is given by the formula
3
4 3rVsphere
3
3
6.2143
3
814.34
m
V
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The lateral surface area is the sum of the areas of the lateral faces of
the prism.LSA = ph,
where p is the perimeter of the base and h is the height of the
prism.
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Find the lateral surface area of a rectangular prism that has length of
7cm, with of 6 cm and height of 4 cm.
7 cm
6 cm4 cm
Front and back = 4 x 7 each = 2(28) = 56 sq. cm.
2 ends = 4 x 6 each = 2(24) = 48 sq. cm.
Lateral surface area = 104 sq. cm.
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The total surface area is found by finding the sum of the lateral area faces and the areas of the bases.
TSA = ph + 2B
7 cm
6 cm4 cm
Lateral surface area = 104 sq. cm.
The top and bottom are the bases.Top area = 6 x 7 = 42 sq. cm.Same for the bottom = 42 sq. cmArea of the bases = 2(42) = 84 sq. cm.
Total S.A. = 104 + 84 = 188 sq. cm.
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The lateral surface area of a cylinder and be visualized by taking a can,
cutting out the top and bottom, then down the side and unrolling the can. The resulting shape is a rectangle
that has length equal to the circumference of the circular top and width equal to the height of the can.
The formula is
rhphASL 2...
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The total surface area is the sum of the lateral area and the 2 bases
(top and bottom)
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Find the lateral surface area and total surface area of the cylinder.
• Lat. S.A.=
• Total S.A.= Lat.S.A. + 2 bases, where the bases are circles
rh2
2.5 in
12 in
24.188
)12)(5.2)(14.3(2
in
rh2
2
2
65.227
25.394.188
)5.2)(14.3(24.188
in
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A steel cylindrical tank needs to hold 7000 gal. Due to space constraints, the
tank should be 10 ft in diameter. How tall should the tank be? (Water weighs 8.34
lb/gal and 62.4 lb/cu.ft.) • First convert gal to cu.ft.
• Take this volume and radius of 5 ft, substitute them into the volume formula and solve for h.
..58.9354.62
..34.87000 ftcu
lb
ftcu
gal
lbgal
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Example continued:
h
hrV2
2
)5(14.358.935
hft
h
92.11
5.7858.935
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Find the amount of paper used for labels for 1000 cans like those
shown below.
8.24 cm
3.16 cm
Sweetheart
Chicken Soup
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The total surface area of a sphere is given by TSA = 4πr²
2
2
2
84.803
814.34
4
m
rTSA
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Lateral surface area of a cone is given by
LSA = πrs, where r is the radius and s is the slant height,
and the total surface area is given by
TSA = πrs + πr²
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Find the lateral surface area and total surface area of a cone that
has a radius of 6 ft, slant height of 10 ft and height of 8 ft.
24.188
10614.3
ft
rsLSA
2
2
2
44.301
04.1134.188
614.34.188
ft
rrsTSA