a preliminary study on architecting cyber-physical systems
TRANSCRIPT
Università degli Studi dell’Aquila
1
A Preliminary Study on Architecting Cyber-Physical Systems
http://www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/
Ivano Malavolta, Henry Muccini, Mohammad Sharaf DISIM, University of L’Aquila & GSSI, L’Aquila
[email protected], @muccinihenry, www.henrymuccini.com
@SANCS 2015 @ECSA2015, Cavtat, Croatia – Sept 2015
The context 2
15+ years in Software Architecture
Involved in WICSA&CompArch, ECSA, ACM/SAC, IFIP WG 2.10
Research on:
SA-based Testing and formal verification
MDE for SA descriptions
Mobile Applications engineering
Architecting CyberPhysical Systems
Problem Statement3
Q: How the Software Architecture community can contribute to engineering CPSs?
Q: How our theories and methods can be adapted to fruitfully design CPSs?
Q: What are the new design challenges in architecting CPS?
Architecting Cyber Physical Systems
More abstractionNew design processes
New middlw components
Multiple levels of abstractions
Still, the trends of research on architecting CPS is unclear!
This Study
Means: a preliminary mapping study, following K. Petersen et al. 2008 and C. Wohlin et al. 2012 work on Systematic mapping studies in software engineering and Experimentation in Software Engineering
4
investigates the state-of-research on architecting CPS
we aim to identify, classify, and understand existing research on architecting CPSs
How?5
4 Research Questions
Search and Selection Protocol
Keywording
Inclusion and Exclusion
Search on Scholar
Search on Conferences
RQ1 – What are the
application domains in
which the activity of architecting CPSs has been
used so far?
RQ2 – What are the type of
challenges encountered
when architecting CPSs?
RQ3 – What are the goals and
focus areas of the activity of architecting
CPSs?
RQ4 – What are the types of
solutions to support the activity of
architecting CPSs?
How?6
4 Research Questions
Search and Selection Protocol
Keywording
Inclusion and Exclusion
Search on Scholar
Search on Conferences
I1) Studies proposing, leveraging, or analyzing an architectural solution, architectural method or technique (e.g., tactics, patterns, styles, views, models, reference architectures, or languages) specific for CPSs;
I2) Studies subject to peer review (e.g., journal papers, papers published as part of conference proceedings will be considered, whereas studies like white papers and technical reports will be discarded).
I3) Studies published after or in 2006.
How?7
TSE
TOSEM
IST
ICCPS
ICSE
ESEC/FSE
ASE
ECSA
WICSA
CBSE
Years: 2006-20144000 papers
68 pre-selected20 selected
4 Research Questions
Search and Selection Protocol
Keywording
Inclusion and Exclusion
Search on Scholar
Search on Conferences
How?8
4 Research Questions
Search and Selection Protocol
Keywording
Inclusion and Exclusion
Search on Scholar
Search on Conferences
RESULTS
9
Replication package at: https://goo.gl/Jj1dNL
RQ3: Goals10
RQ3: Goals11
DESIGNING-energy and resource efficient SA
-Hw/SW co-design -GRID and IoT
QOS : adaptability- Evolution- Maintainance- Adapt = App level, changing req, service
EVALUATION AND VER.-verification for safety, -SA evaluation, -early system evaluation, -consistency
RQ2: Challenges and ProblemsModifiability
Expandibility
Scalability
Upgradability
Augmentability
Structuredness
Dependability
Safety
Robusteness
Schedulability
Performance Effic.
Resource Utilization
Time Behaviour
Capacity
Power Consumption
…
…
12
[21]
RQ2: Challenges and Problems13
MODIFIABILITYevolvability [1][9], changeability [2],
modifiability [3][8], scalability [12][19],
configurability [2][11] re-configurability [12]
PERFORMANCEpower consumption [3], resource utiliz. [4][14],
performance [3], efficiency [12][14]
timing [3][6][14][18]
DEPENDABILITYdependability [6][12][13]
and safety [4][10].
RQ4: Solutions14
RQ1: domains and applications15
Robotics• robotic tele-operated systems [1]• Robots [5, 6]
Electric Vehicle• Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Controls System [3]• Battery management systems (BMSs) for electric vehicles(EVs)[12]• A lunar rover-space exploration vehicle [17]• Quadrotor air vehicle [15]
Supervisory systems• Networked supervisory medical systems [10]• health monitoring for damage detection and localization [16]• Environmental Monitoring System [19]
Federated Embedded Systems (FES) [ 6, 13]
Ambient Intelligence systems [2, 6]
Sensors And Actuators networks (SANET) [6, 9]
CPS [4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20]
applications aiming to gather real-time data
from remote locations in order to constantly monitor a reference
object or environment to avoid hazardous
problems.
simplifying dangerous, complex
daily tasks
embedded, interconnected, open,
and heterogeneous devices that exchange data with each other
in a decentralized manner to construct
dynamic structure
RQ1: domains and applications16
large variety of networked devices
such as like smartphones,
computer of vehicles, RFIDs and cameras
with embedded software
Robotics• robotic tele-operated systems [1]• Robots [5, 6]
Electric Vehicle• Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Controls System [3]• Battery management systems (BMSs) for electric vehicles(EVs)[12]• A lunar rover-space exploration vehicle [17]• Quadrotor air vehicle [15]
Supervisory systems• Networked supervisory medical systems [10]• health monitoring for damage detection and localization [16]• Environmental Monitoring System [19]
Federated Embedded Systems (FES) [ 6, 13]
Ambient Intelligence systems [2, 6]
Sensors And Actuators networks (SANET) [6, 9]
CPS [4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20]
the actuators collaborate with the
sensor nodes to perform specific
actions in response to environmental events
informed by the sensor
Other data17
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
1 1 1
2
3
1
5
6
Spain
ChinaUSA
Sweden
Korea
German
yBraz
il
France
Portugal
Romania
Italy
2 2
9
12 2
1 1 1 1 1
Considerations: Challenges-Solutions matrix
18
Future Work
Imagine to scale what we have done (and more) to 172 papers!!!
Industrial view
A multi-view, multi-stakeholder, MDE framework for designing and validating early design decisions
19
Università degli Studi dell’Aquila
20
A Preliminary Study on Architecting Cyber-Physical Systems
http://www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/
Ivano Malavolta, Henry Muccini, Mohammad Sharaf DISIM, University of L’Aquila & GSSI, L’Aquila
[email protected], @muccinihenry, www.henrymuccini.com
@SANCS 2015 @ECSA2015, Cavtat, Croatia – Sept 2015