a planning approach for fast changing “socio-political” environment: a case of delhi master plan...
DESCRIPTION
Rapid urbanisation is posing a challenge to planners,environmentalists and administrators.Traditional planning approaches and tools are ineffective to deal with emerging situation.Therefore a novel planning approach for emerging socio polotical environment.TRANSCRIPT
A PLANNING APPROACH FOR FAST CHANGING “SOCIO-POLITICAL” ENVIRONMENT: A CASE OF
DELHI MASTER PLAN
P. S. Uttarwar, Delhi Development Authority, India
New Delhi / India16.75 Million
1,483 Sq.Km.Type:Theory
AIM OF RESEARCH• Urbanization in India is a challenge,
as well as an opportunity.
• A challenge because of it’s rapid growth rate, which generally outpaces growth of infrastructure.
• An opportunity, as it offers better economic avenues. The urban population of India is growing at a faster rate than the growth rate of total population of India.
FOCUS• Focus of planning shifted from ‘the
principle of controlled development of land’ to ‘the principle of demand and supply’ of open economy.
• Due to this paradigm shift, traditional planning needs to readjust its planning tools like master plan and zonal plans, in such a way that it recognizes ground realities and it is also acceptable to the people.
STUDY• Planning policies and strategies implemented through master plan document of Delhi.
• Procedure based Planning Initiated in MPD, 2021.
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
LOCATION
Total area of National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCTD) is 1485 square km and total population is 16.75 million with 97.5 per cent population living in urban areas. The decadal growth rate is 21.6% (2001-11).
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
INTRODUCTION
4
• Stood test of time despite criticism, severe limitations and show pace of implementation.
Master Plan as planning instrument
• Bring reforms, flexibility and set of implementable goals for urban planning process, with some innovative ideas and shift from “ a standard based planning’ to ‘Procedure based planning’ which integrates local issues like land ownership, socio-economic status and contribute to bottom-up approach to land use planning at zonal and master plan level.
Master plan as a document
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
MASTER PLAN FOR DELHI - 1962
• The first step towards modern planning in India for integrated development of Delhi.
• Formulated as per the provisions of Delhi Development Act, 1957.
• Promulgated on 1st September, 1962.
• Large scale land acquistion, development and disposal policy.
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
MASTER PLAN FOR DELHI - 2001
Projected population - 128 lakh.
• Urbanization of further 18000 – 24000 ha. To accommodate additional population.
• Effective development of ncr to contain rapid population growth
• The holding capacity increased through the process of low rise high density development.
• Selective densification of urban areas except lutyens bungalow zone
• The inner city (walled city & its extension and karol bagh) designated as special area.
• Mass transport system to be multi modal.
MPD - 2OO1 PROMULGATED ON 1st AUGUST, 1990.
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
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NEW APPROACH – PROCEDURE BASED PLANNING
Provide local planners with decision-making tools for
maximizing the potential of zonal development plan and master plan support (geo data, financial, organizational, etc.),
checking the relevance of zonal and city level plans to local communities and
reducing land use planning conflicts
Assure the feasibility of proposed local interventions bytaking into account zonal development plan & master plan objectives and constraints (biophysical, socio-economical) as well as
local knowledge, incentives and values
Ascertain the representation of the important local planning issues at
Zonal Development Plan and Master Plan level
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
A critical reform has been envisaged in the prevailing land policy and facilitating public private partnerships. MPD 2021 has included following as essential for land policy for future policy formulation:
• Review of the scheme of large scale development and acquisition and its relevance in the present context;
• Alternative options for development of areas identified for urbanization in MPD 2021;
• Evolving a system under which planning for, and provision of basic infrastructure could take place simultaneously; and
• Involving the private sector in the assembly and development of land and provision of infrastructure services.
PROCEDURE BASED PLANNING FOR CRITICAL AREAS
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
• In 2021, about 978 sq km of total Urbanisable area will be available for accommodating about 230 lakh population in Delhi.
• Area under existing rural use with 2.9 million population to be gradually absorbed in balanced city development. Remaining 4.88 million to be accommodated in urban extension.
• Total area of NCTD except ridge, river Yamuna and proposed green belt is envisaged as urban.
• Land assembly techniques involving public, private sectors and compulsory land acquisition.
• Due to limitation of land, redevelopment will have to be major element of city development :
• Planned areaso Influence zone along MRTS and major transport o Corridoro Underutilized/low-density areas.o Others developed areaso Special area
•Unplanned areaso Villageso Unauthorized colonieso JJ clusters
DELHI URBAN AREA - 2021
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
• Local Area Planso To absorb ground realities and formulate enforceable building bye laws, it will be necessary to focus
on much smaller areas with more or less similar character and concerns.
• Regularization of Unauthorized Colonieso For proper improvement of physical and social infrastructure, minimum necessary physical level of
services and common facilities are to be provided.
• Special Area Planso On the basis of similarities in compact built form, narrow circulation space and low rise high density
developments, mainly accommodating residential, commercial both retail or wholesale and industrial uses.
• Villageso Comprehensive Schemes for the development of villages are to be prepared by the concerned local
bodies with the aim of provision of optimal facilities and services within the abadis and integration with the surrounding areas.
• Mix useo Mix use has emerged as a major provision of MPD, 2021 due to emerging needs and requirement of
people.
• Spot Zoningo In April 2008, the Authority approved a policy for Spot Zoning of pre existing cultural, religious
(including spiritual) health care and educational institutions.
PROCEDURE BASED PLANNING IN MPD, 2021
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
ZONES A – H 11.4
MILLIONS
NARELA 1.22 MILLIONS
ROHINI III/IV/V 0.98 MILLIONS
DWARKA 1.7
MILLIONSURBAN EXTENSIONS
7.7 MILLIONS
URBAN EXTENSIONS
LAND UPTO THE DEPTH OF ONE PERIPHERAL REVENUE VILLAGE BOUNDARY ALONG THE BORDER OF NCTD, WHEREVER AVAILABLE, WOULD BE MAINTAINED AS GREEN BELT. RIDGE / REGIONAL
PARK
RIVER YAMUNA ZONE - O
23.01,48,300GRAND TOTAL
7.766,309URBAN EXTENSION
(J, K-I, L, N, P-II)
15.381,991SUB TOTAL
NIL8,070RIVER YAMUNA (O)
3.921,347PROJECT (K-II, M,
P-I)
11.452,574A TO H
POPULATION-2021
(IN MILLION)
AREA (HA.)
ZONE
ZONE - J
ZONE - L
ZONE – K-I
ZONE – N
ZONE – P-II
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
West Punjabi Bagh
Tagore Garden
Tin Murti
Sansad Bhavan
Defence Colony
NathunagarNathunagarNathunagar
TRANS YAMUNA AREA
FARIDABAD
NOIDA
ROHINI SUB CITY
DWARKA SUB CITY
MRTS INFLUENCE ZONE GUIDELINES FOR REDEVELOPMENT :
• Influence zone-maximum upto 500 m. On both sides of the mrts route.
• Approval of schemes only after commencement of execution of the respective phase of mrts.
• Special provisions for following areas:
• Lutyens’ bungalow zone, chanakya puri, diz area, mata sundari area.
• Civil lines bungalow area. • Monument regulated zone (as per asi
guidelines)
• Maximum far and height upto 1.5 times of the permissible far on the respective use premises.
• In urban extension areas land uses to be integrated with the proposed movement corridors at planning stage.
CITY RESTRUCTREING ALONG MRTS ROUTE
ROHINI
DWARKA VASANT KUNJ
DILSHAD GARDENKASHMIRI
GATEI
C.P.
NANGLOI
NOIDA.
GURGAON
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
INTEGRATION OF ROHINI PHASE IV / V WITH MRTS STATIONS AT PLANNING STAGE
TO INTEGRATE NARELA SUB CITY, BAWANA INDUSTRIAL AREA & PROPOSED URBAN EXTN.
ROHINI PHASE I / II
RO
HIN
I PH
AS
E IV
/ V
NARELA BAWANA INDUSTRIAL AREA
MRTS CORRIDOR
PR
OP
OS
ED
MR
TS
CO
RR
IDO
R
INTEGRATION OF TWIN DISTRICT CENTRES & AMUSEMENT PARK WITH MRTS STATIONS AT PLANNING STAGE
CITY RESTRUCTREING ALONG MRTS ROUTE
COMMERCIAL
MRTS STATIONINTEGRATEDWITH ADJOINING AREAS
INSTITUTIONAL
UTILITIES
INSTITUTIONAL
RECREATION
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
CONCEPTUAL MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT
REDEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL ALONG KASHMERE GATE – TIS HAZARI – PUL BANGASH METRO RAIL CORRIDOR
STUDY UNDERTAKEN JOINTLY BY DDA & DMRC
ZONE OF INFLUENCE
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
AN INTEGRATED PLAN INCORPORATING URBAN DESIGN, LANDSCAPE, TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION SCHEMES, SAFE PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS, PARKING AREAS, RECREATIONAL AND CULTURAL AREAS ETC. IS TO BE PREPARED FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT.
SHAHJAHANABAD
CONNAUGHT PLACE & EXTENSIONS
WALLED CITY & EXTENSIONS
MANDI HOUSE
PRAGATI MAIDAN
GOLE MARKET
CONNAUGHT PLACE
INDRAPRASTHA ESTATE
CHANDANI CHOWK
UNIVERSITY- C. SEC. MRTS ROUTE
DWARKA – TYA MRTS ROUTE
RIVER FRONT DEVELOPMENT
METROPOLITAN CITY CENTRE
TO BE TREATED CAREFULLY AND SENSITIVELY IN VIEW OF THEIR HIGH DENSITY AND MULTIPLE USES. THE AIM IS TO REVITALIZE THE GLORY OF WALLED CITY AND ITS ECONOMIC & TOURISM POTENTIAL. 00
RED FORT
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012
CONCLUSION
Landuse Plan of Urban Agglomerations - Delhi & Central National Capital Region
• For the purpose of planning National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCTD) with an area of 1485 sq.km. and population of 17 million people forms a hub for entire “Central National Capital Region” comprising of an area of 2000 sq.km. of neighboring cities of Gurgaon, Faridabad & Sonepat in the State of Haryana and Ghaziabad, Noida, Greater Noida in the State of Uttar Pradesh is entire urban agglomeration forms an area of 3500 sq.km. and approx. population of 28 million people.
• With such a wide variety and diversity in Municipal administration, State Government policies and Interstate issues, a keyword for survival of planning is flexibility within the framework of Master plans of respective cities with Procedure based Planning for critical areas of “Socio-Political” environment .
Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012