a healthy lifestyle seminar

8/9/2019 A Healthy Lifestyle Seminar

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A HA HEALTHYEALTHY

LLIFESTYLEIFESTYLE, A K, A KEYEYTTOO A BA BETTERETTER LLIFEIFE

Michael R. Santos, RN, MDMichael R. Santos, RN, MD


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OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Learn how to prevent lifestyle diseases

Become aware of the different diseases thatlifestyle could be a main contributory factor

Gain primary skills in the assessment of thefollowing diseases

Know different techniques to aid in lifestyle

modifications

Acquire competency in the recognition ofearly signs and symptoms of these diseases


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OOVERVIEWVERVIEW Lifestyle diseases are diseases that appear to become

ever more widespread as countries become moreindustrialized

Lifestyle diseases are different from other diseases

because they are potentially preventable, and can belowered with changes in diet, lifestyle, andenvironment

Lifestyle diseases are a result of an inappropriaterelationship of people with their environment

The onset of these lifestyle diseases is insidious, theytake years to develop, and once encountered do not

lend themselves easily to cure


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CCONTRIBUTORYONTRIBUTORY FFACTORSACTORSModifiable Risk Factors

Diet

Vices

Obesity

Sedentary Lifestyle

Stress

Work Hazard

Environment

Health Practices

Non-Modifiable

Risk Factors

Age Sex

Family History

Race


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TTHEHE DDISEASESISEASES


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AALZHEIMERLZHEIMERSS DDISEASEISEASE A progressive neurologic

disorder that affects the brain

resulting in cognitive

impairments

CAUSES:

Unknown

Potential factors- Amyloidplaques in the brain, Oxidative

stress, neurochemical

deficiencies


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EARLY CLINCAL MANIFESTATIONS

Forgetfulness

Recent memory loss

Difficulty in learning

Deterioration in personal hygiene Inability to concentrate

AALZHEIMERLZHEIMERSS DDISEASEISEASE


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LATE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

Difficulty in abstract thinking

Difficulty communicating

Severe deterioration in memory,

language and motor function

Repetitive action- perseveration

Personality changes



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PREVENTION

Healthy diet

Moderate exercise

Keeping mentally and socially active

Maintaining optimum level of

glucose

Prevent CVD


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A group of metabolic diseasescharacterizedcharacterized by elevated levels

of glucose in the blood resultingfrom defects in insulinsecretion, insulin action, insulinreceptors or any combination ofconditions.

DDIABETESIABETES MMELLITUSELLITUS (DM)(DM)


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TRIAD OF SYMPTOMS

Polyuria Polydipsia

Polyphagia



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OTHER SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Body weakness

Easily fatigued

Visual changes

Poor wound healing

Recurrent skin and mucus infections



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Prevention Diet: avoid food rich in

sugar and carbohydrates Good Exercise Regimen

Maintain a healthy weight Regular check-up

Minimize stress



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DDIABETESIABETES MMELLITUSELLITUS


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Death of myocardialtissue in regions of theheart due to an abrupt

interruption of

coronary blood supply

HHEARTEART AATTACKTTACK (AMI)(AMI)


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SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Chest pain

Difficulty of breathing Cold and clammy skin

Nausea and vomiting

Restlessness and sense of impending doom

Irregular heart beat

Gradual decrease in BP



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PREVENTION

Diet: Avoid food rich in fats and cholesterol

Maintaining a healthy weight Good regular exercise program

Prevent DM and Hypertension

Limit stressors in life

Have a regular wellness check-up every year

Cultivate relaxing activities



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TREATMENT MODALITIES FOR HIGH RISK PATIENTS


CORONARY

ARTERYBYPASSGRAFT


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Percutaneous

TransluminalCoronary

Angioplasty


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S

tentused

in

PTCA


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An umbrella term that refers to

any functional abnormality of

the CNS related to disrupted

blood supply

A condition due to the lack of

oxygen to the brain that maylead to reversible or irreversible

paralysis

BBRAINRAIN AATTACKTTACK (S(STROKETROKE/CVA)/CVA)


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CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

Numbness or weakness

Confusion or change of Levelof Consciousness

Motor and speech difficulties

Visual disturbance

Severe headache



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PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Know your blood pressure, have it checkedcostantly, and, if it is elevated, work with your

doctor to keep it under control; Find out if you have atrial fibrillation, which

encourages the formation of blood clots that couldcause a stroke;

If you smoke, stop;

If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation;

Find out if you have high cholesterol;



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PREVENTIVE MEASURES If you have diabetes, follow your physician's

recommendations to control the condition;

Include exercise in your daily routine;

Eat a low-salt, low-fat diet;

Ask your physician if you have circulation problems thatcould increase the risk of stroke; and

If you experience any stroke symptoms, including suddenweakness of the face or a limb, a blurring of vision,dizziness, or an intense headache, seek immediate medicalattention



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Diseases characterized by

uncontrolled, abnormal growth ofcells

Breast is the most common CA forwomen and Prostate CA for men

Lung and Colorectal CA are bothcommon in men and women

CCANCERANCER (CA)(CA)


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EARLY WARNING SIGNS

Changes in bowel or bladder habits

Sores that don't heal

Obvious changes in a mole or wart

Unusual vaginal bleeding or discharge

A new lump or thickening in a breast orelsewhere

Difficulty swallowing or frequent indigestion

A bothersome cough or hoarseness



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PREVENTION Early detection of cancer

Health awareness

Performing monthly TSE and BSE

Diet: Avoid fatty and processed food; Increase intake offood rich in fiber

Exercises

Avoid long exposure to the harmful rays of the sun

Stop smoking

Alcohol in moderation



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A consequence of chronic liver

disease

Irreversible chronic inflammatorydisease

Massive degeneration and

destruction of hepatocytes

LLIVERIVER CCIRRHOSISIRRHOSIS


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ETIOLOGIC FACTORS

Post-infection

Alcohol

Cardiac diseases

Schistosoma Biliary obstruction



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Normal Function Abnormality in function1. Stores glycogen = Hypoglycemia

2. Synthesizes proteins = Hypoproteinemia

3. Synthesizes globulins =Decreased Antibodyformation

4. Synthesizes Clotting factors = Bleeding tendencies

5. Secreting bile = Jaundice and pruritus

6. Converts ammonia to urea =Hyperammonemia

7. Stores Vit and minerals =Deficiencies of Vit and min

8. Metabolizes estrogen = Gynecomastia, testicular

atrophy



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LLIVERIVER CCIRRHOSISIRRHOSIS CCOMPLICATIONSOMPLICATIONS

EsophagealEsophageal VaricesVarices (EV)(EV)


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CaputCaput MedusaeMedusae


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HemorrhoidsHemorrhoids


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AscitesAscites


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PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Avoid alcoholic beverages

Avoid indiscriminate use of OTC drugs

Prevent Heart Diseases

Avoid food rich in fats and cholesterol

Healthy sex practices



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CCHRONICHRONIC OOBSTRUCTIVEBSTRUCTIVE

PPULMONARYULMONARY DDISEASESISEASES (COPD)(COPD)


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These are group of disorders associated

with recurrent or persistent obstruction

of air passage and airflow, usuallyirreversible

The most common cause of COPD is

cigarette smoking. Chronic bronchitis,Emphysema and Bronchiectasis are the

common disorders.




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Shortness of breath

Difficulty of breathing

Easily fatigued

Restlessness



Cold and clammy

skin

Chest retractions

Skin paleness


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PPULMONARYULMONARY DDISEASESISEASES (COPD)(COPD)E

M

PHY

S

EM

A


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BRO

N

CHIE

CTASI

S




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PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Stop smoking

Avoid second hand smoking

Wear appropriate masks if working inhazardous conditions

Oral and bronchial hygiene

Avoid recurring respiratory infections

Increase body resistance




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PPEPTICEPTIC UULCERLCER DDISEASEISEASE


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is an ulcer (defined asmucosal erosions equal to

or greater than 0.5 cm) ofan area of thegastrointestinal tract that

is usually acidic and thusextremely painful



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Severe abdominal pain

Feeling of fullness and bloatedness Nausea and vomiting

Hematemesis (Blood in the vomitus) Melena (Black and tarry stool)

Excessive salivation (Ptyalism)



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PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Avoid fatty and spicy food and increase intakeof high fiber food; limit intake of highly acidic

beverages Eat right on time, do not skip meals

Avoid indiscriminate use of NSAIDs

Eliminate stressors in life

Stop smoking

Moderate alcohol consumption



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Increase in the bloodpressure exceeding 30

mmHg in the systolicpressure and 20 mmHg

in the diastolic pressure

HHYPERTENSIONYPERTENSION


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CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS Hypercholesterolemia

Obesity

DM, Heart & Renal Diseases

Fatty Liver

Sex

Age

Family History

Sedentary Lifestyle



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Dizziness and headache

Blurring of vision

Nausea and vomiting

Edema Cold and clammy skin



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PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Weight reduction

Reducing dietary sugar intake

Decrease table salt consumption

Increase intake food rich in fiber

Stop smoking

Moderate consumption of alcohol

Eliminate stressors in life



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10 G10 GOODOODLLIFESTYLEIFESTYLE

PPRACTICESRACTICES


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1. S1. STOPTOP SSMOKINGMOKING


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2. A2. ADDDD AACTIVITYCTIVITY


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3. C3. CONTROLONTROL YYOUROUR WWEIGHTEIGHT


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4. E4. EATAT PPLENTYLENTY OFOF

FFRUITSRUITS & V& VEGGIESEGGIES


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5. E5. EATAT LLOWOW--FFATAT DDIETIET


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6. F6. FILLILL UUPP OONN FFIBERIBER


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7. S7. SUPPLEMENTUPPLEMENT YYOUROUR DDIETIET


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8. M8. MODERATIONODERATION IINN AALCOHOLLCOHOL


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9. G9. GETET SSCREENEDCREENED


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10. K10. KNOWNOW YYOUROUR RRISKISK FFACTORACTOR


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AANN OOUNCEUNCE OOFF

PPREVENTIONREVENTION IISS BBETTERETTERTTHANHAN A PA POUNDOUND OOFF

CCUREURE..


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TTHEHE

EENDNDThank You Very Much!

a healthy lifestyle seminar

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