a f - ftzftz.org.mt/wpdemo/wordpress/wp-content/.../06/...curren… · web viewsuch examples...
TRANSCRIPT
MED Operational Programme – Cohesion Policy 2007-2013Europe in the Mediterranean
This project is part-financed by the European UnionEuropean Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
Co-financing rate: 85% EU Funds; 15% National Funds
Investing in your future
Programme Med
Project Acronym: ELIH-MED
Project Title: Energy Efficiency in Low-income Housing in the Mediterranean
Lead Partner: National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development
Component: Work package 4: Setting up of integrated strategies for the development of renewable energy
Phase: 1. Impact of current policies to improve energy efficiency in LIH in the Med area.
Responsible Partner: CRES - Centre for Renewable Energy Sources
Table of Contents Page
Executive Summary..................................................................................................9
1 Introduction............................................................................................................11
1.1 Summary of the project.....................................................................................11
1.2 Overview of the Project.....................................................................................11
1.3 Origin of the project..........................................................................................12
1.4 Geographic coverage.......................................................................................14
1.5 Objectives.........................................................................................................14
1.6 Activities............................................................................................................15
1.7 Structure of the Report ....................................................................................17
2 Overview of low income houses..........................................................................19
2.1 Energy Performance Certification ....................................................................19
2.2 Energy Poverty.................................................................................................21
3 Housing overview..................................................................................................22
3.1 Baby Boom housing..........................................................................................22
3.1.1 Heating Season..............................................................................22
3.1.2 Cooling Season..............................................................................23
3.2 Heating season in England...............................................................................23
4 Policy and regulation frameworks for energy efficiency within low income households ..............................................................................................................25
4.1 Analysis of ongoing or recently achieved projects and initiatives.....................25
4.1.1 Clearing House Facilitation.............................................................26
4.1.2 POWER House Europe – A Spotlight on the Funding Retrofitting
projects for the National Housing Federation in the United Kingdom......27
4.1.3 SQUARE - A System for Quality Assurance when Retrofitting
Existing Buildings to Energy Efficient Buildings.......................................28
4.2 Energy Improvement Measures and their Effect on the Indoor Environment...28
4.3 Basic and Active energy improvement measures.............................................31
4.4 Cost–benefit analysis of energy efficiency in urban low-cost housing..............32
5 Co-operative to improve energy efficiency in low income housing.................33
6 Malta's Strategy to reach EU2020 objectives......................................................35
6.1 The Maltese National Energy Efficiency Action Plan and the National Renewable Action Plan (NEEAP)...........................................................................35
6.1.1 Short description and objectives: ...................................................35
6.1.2 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: .............................................36
6.1.3 Description .....................................................................................36
6.2 The Sustainable Energy Action Plans in Malta.................................................37
6.2.1 Short description and objectives: ...................................................37
6.2.2 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: .............................................38
6.3 Current European, national, regional and local regulation frameworks promoting energy efficiency in existing LIH............................................................39
6.3.1 The Building Industry Consultative Council (BICC).......................39
6.3.2 Short description, objectives, regulated areas: ..............................39
7 The European , national, regional and local financial resources (mechanism, program) promoting energy efficiency in low income housing...........................41
7.1 Name of policy: A Once-Only Grant on the Purchase of Solar Heating Energy Savers for Domestic Use........................................................................................41
7.2 Financials..........................................................................................................41
7.3 Short description and objectives: .....................................................................41
7.3.1 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:..............................................42
7.4 Grants on the purchase of roof thermal insulation - 2006 Scheme .................43
7.4.1 Eligibility .........................................................................................43
7.4.2 Area of applicability.........................................................................44
7.4.3 Financials.......................................................................................44
7.4.4 Short description and objectives: ...................................................44
7.4.5 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: .............................................45
7.4.6 Validity ...........................................................................................45
7.5 Grants on the purchase of solar photovoltaic systems - 2006 scheme............46
7.5.1 Area of applicability ........................................................................46
7.5.2 Eligibility:.........................................................................................46
7.5.3 Short description and objectives: ..................................................47
7.5.4 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: .............................................47
7.6 Solar Water Heaters ERDF Grant Scheme......................................................48
7.6.1 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:................48
7.6.2 Description......................................................................................48
7.6.3 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: .............................................49
7.7 Grant on the Purchase of Household Appliances for Domestic Use Certified as Being Efficient in the Use of Energy ......................................................................50
7.7.1 Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household
................................................................................................................50
7.7.2 Duration of the scheme .................................................................50
7.7.3 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives: ..............51
7.8 A Grant on the Purchase of Systems for Domestic Use that Reduce the Use of Energy, or Use Renewable Sources of Energy......................................................53
7.8.1 Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
................................................................................................................53
7.8.2 Financial Mechanism......................................................................53
7.8.3 Area of applicability.........................................................................54
7.8.4 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives: ..............54
7.8.5 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: .............................................55
7.9 A Scheme to Promote the Domestic Use of Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) 56
7.9.1 Eligibility..........................................................................................56
7.9.2 Short description and objectives: ...................................................56
7.9.3 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: .............................................57
7.10 A Grant on the Purchase of Systems for Domestic Use that Reduce the Use of Energy, or Use Renewable Sources of Energy..................................................58
7.10.1 Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
................................................................................................................58
7.10.2 Financials.....................................................................................59
7.10.3 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: ...........................................59
7.11 A Grant on the Purchase of Systems for Domestic Use that Reduce the Use of Energy, or Use Renewable Sources of Energy .................................................60
7.11.1 Area of applicability.......................................................................60
7.11.2 Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
................................................................................................................60
7.11.3 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:..............61
7.11.4 Financials......................................................................................61
7.11.5 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: ............................................61
7.11.6 Registration of systems................................................................62
7.12 A Grant on the Purchase of Systems for Domestic Use that Reduce the Use of Energy, or Use Renewable Sources of Energy..................................................63
7.12.1 Financials.....................................................................................63
7.12.2 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives: .............64
7.12.3 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: ...........................................64
7.13 A Grant on the Purchase of Systems for Domestic Use that Reduce the Use of Energy, or Use Renewable Sources of Energy..................................................65
7.13.1 Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
................................................................................................................65
7.13.2 Financials.....................................................................................65
7.13.3 Eligibility Applicant........................................................................65
7.13.4 Applicability ..................................................................................67
7.13.5 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:..............68
7.13.6 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: ...........................................68
7.14 A Grant for the Purchase of Photovoltaic Systems in the Domestic Sector....69
7.14.1 Implementing bodies: ..................................................................69
7.14.2 Applicability...................................................................................69
7.15 Eligibility of photovoltaic systems...................................................................70
7.15.1 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:..............70
7.15.2 Duration of the scheme................................................................70
7.15.3 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: ...........................................71
7.15.4 A Scheme to Promote the Domestic Use of Compact Fluorescent
Lamps (CFLs)..........................................................................................72
7.15.5 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives: .............72
7.15.6 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: ...........................................73
7.16 A Grant for the Purchase of Photovoltaic Systems in the Domestic Sector....74
7.16.1 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives: .............74
7.16.2 Eligibility........................................................................................74
7.16.3 Duration of the scheme................................................................75
7.16.4 Financials.....................................................................................75
7.16.5 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: ...........................................75
8 Ongoing or completed LIH energy retrofitting projects in your Malta.............76
8.1.1 Short description of project, actions – technical solutions included:
................................................................................................................76
8.1.2 Assessment of results.....................................................................77
8.1.3 Barriers encountered during implementation..................................77
8.1.4 List some of the common technical or institutional issues impeding
the application of EE measures in LIH in your country / region...............78
8.1.5 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators: .............................................79
9 Conclusions .........................................................................................................80
10 References ..........................................................................................................81
Executive Summary
ELIH-Med is an EU funded project within the Med-programme which focuses
on energy efficiency in low income housing in the Mediterranean area in the
context of EU 2020 objectives. The project’s original goal is to analyse
previous and active funding mechanisms, comprising any proposals laid by
the authority of each region.
ELIH MED rotates about Axes 2 which is entitled as the “Protection of the
environment and promotion of a sustainable territorial development”. And
around objective 2.2 - ”Promotion and renewable energy and improvement of
energy efficiency”.
In this light, the Maltese government has also declared a policy to find the
synergies between energy efficiency and the overall Government’s energy
policies, particularly as an opportunity for economic growth, as well as the
various branches in spheres of social development and the environment. In
connection with this the government is in the process of promoting and
legislating Energy Performance Certification of already existent buildings.
EPC is an official document further to an energy performance assessment
which is carried out according to methodology established by LN 261/2008.
The Maltese National Energy Efficiency Action Plan is aimed at reaching the
EU2020 objectives and to find the optimum energy efficiency in a renewable
manner. Then this report will go into describing a low income housing energy
retrofitting project in Malta in a location known as Birkirkara tal-Ftieh. This pilot
included both measures taken during the construction phase as well as others
which could be retrofitted. This study was carried out over the time frame
commencing from October 2006 until September 2007. On the same note this
report goes on to mention various kinds of efficient and renewable energy
projects promoted by the Maltese government.
Then this publication goes on to focus on the consolidation and projections of
ELIH MED within the Mediterranean region through the project's consortium.
1 Introduction
ELIH-Med project focuses on energy efficiency in low income housing in the
Mediterranean area in the context of the EU 2020 objectives. The population
targeted by the project includes tenants, owners or any kind of occupiers with
low income. It was estimated how households suffering energy poverty
represent about 40% of the total building stock and is considered as 'far to
reach' through traditional public.
Policies are required in order to support innovative technical and financial
approaches in order to help them reduce their energy consumption. The
project focuses on the identification and demonstration of the best solutions
on a large scale experimentation. In this manner the most feasible and the
best financial mechanisms backed with ERDF could be extended to all
Mediterranean territories.
1.1 Summary of the project
On of the main function of this project is to analyse the current fashion in
energy performance of low income households. In this manner we can then
analyse any current policies concerned with energy retrofitting and their
energy consumption in the view of 2020. Thus the partners in the consortium
can visualise the gaps between energy consumption and the 2020 objectives.
1.2 Overview of the Project
Energy efficient performance in existing housing estates has obtained political
limelight amongst European member states in a special way in the United
Kingdom. Existing residential blocks have been identified as the key target
group that needs to be taken into consideration in the aim of meeting the
targets for complying the 2020 goals set by the European Commission.
The aim of ELIH-MED is to come up with a long-term financial algorithm to
support retrofitting that could be suitable for housings belonging or leased to
families falling below the poverty line.
The project’s original goal is to analyse previous and active funding
mechanisms, comprising any proposals laid by the authority of each region
and to benchmark their viability to fund energy efficiency retrofits for low
income households.
As part of this study, ELIH-MED will scrutinize any funding mechanisms,
including EU funding and the criteria related with such initiatives. Moreover,
this project will raise the issue of financing retrofitting projects within the
Maltese National Energy Efficient Action Plan and the necessity for public
funds to finance it.
Finally, MIEMA with the support of ELIH-MED's consortium will proof a
credible evidence by the base to present to local authorities by retrofitting 35
different households which will be deemed as low income and worst energy
performance. In this manner MIEMA can ensure that policies related with
retrofitting for low income households will take into account what it takes from
the related regional authorities to improve the energy efficiency of existing
households adequately.
1.3 Origin of the project
The partners forming ELIH-MED's consortium have been already engaged in
European funded projects related with energy efficiency in general. These
projects have demonstrated that the 2020 Eutopia is till beyond our horizons.
Recent statistics show how energy consumption in buildings gobbles up to
40% of the total energy amongst EU member states. Moreover, the thermal
renovation amongst Europe’s 200 million houses currently stands at under
0.3%.
Various Intelligent Energy Europe projects showed how social housing
operators and Energy Service Companies should come up with a common
technical, legal and financial framework for the promotion of EPC's within
already existent social housing. The outcome of these projects will be the
implementation and evaluation of EPC for extensive refurbishments during
four pilot studies. Similarly to the Intelligent Energy Europe programme the
MED programme promotes the best methodologies and recommendations in
this area to the corresponding authorities for each member state in a scalable
manner.
Previous projects elaborated how the Energy Performance Certification (EPC)
can ultimately define the ultimate financial mechanism which can alleviate the
carbon footprint and the energy costs for low income housings by a factor 4
by 2050. This can be goal can be attained by certifying energy savings and
bring private capital investments. In this manner, the analysis of the major
obstacles to the scalability of these concepts can finally propose legal
evolutions as well as public.
Following the latest economic turmoil, more and more people are becoming
aware of our society's dependence on petroleum. The economic crisis set off
in December 2007 as a result of the mortgage-backed securities in the United
States was exacerbated by the instability in the price of crude oil and led to an
increase in the prices of energy, food and water.
Two years of economic crisis have largely shaped the strategy for Europe
2020, in which the objective is to enable the European Union to become
stronger following the financial recovery. This involves the adoption of a new
framework of thought incorporating a sustainable economy.
The absence of specific financial mechanisms is a significant obstacle to the
energy retrofitting of low income housing amongst Europe state members.
The correct funding frameworks should account for the Energy Performance
Contracts (EPC) in which an Energy Service Company (ESCO) gives
financial backup for energy restoration such as correct insulation whose
savings can repays the expenses
1.4 Geographic coverage
ELIH-MED's principles rotate around the axis of innovative cost effective
solutions and financial frameworks aimed at energy management
opportunities for low income households in the Mediterranean. The project will
shed light upon the importance of such experimentation representing about
65% of the total budget effort be representative of the variety of low income
households in the Mediterranean region.
For this reason, pilot project will be compiled at the same time by each partner
in the consortium. This implies that ELIH MED's activities are diffused
amongst 6 Mediterranean countries; Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Cyprus and
Malta. These countries being characterised by heterogeneous geographical,
social and climatic backgrounds. .
1.5 Objectives
Recent statistical research showed how buildings, in general, account for half
of Europe's entire energy use and one-third of its carbon footprint. In the light
of the instability in the price of crude oil, fuel deficiency affecting millions of
European citizens and the need to diminish our carbon footprint, it is of vital
importance to overhaul the existing housing at a better energy performance.
Since 1997, the “Factor 4” has been envisioned as a goal in several national
energy efficient action plans in the aim of reducing the greenhouse gases
emissions by seventy five percent by 2050 when compared to 1990. The
latest research shows how the countries with the lowest carbon content
electricity, the factor 4 on greenhouse gases emissions cannot be reached by
the housing stock without diminishing the necessity for energy by a factor of 4.
1.6 Activities
The Maltese government has also declared a policy objective to find
synergies between energy efficiency and the overall Government’s energy
policies as an opportunity for economic growth as well as the various
ramifications in spheres of social development and the environment. When
compared to measures of alternative and renewable energy sources, energy
efficiency is variously considered as the most viable option for improved
energy security and the reduction of carbon emissions. A plan for energy
efficiency has been drawn for this purpose and it is refereed to as the
National energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP).
The NEEAP generally purports to identify those measures deemed to be most
cost-effective and that will optimist energy efficiency in a number of contexts.
Similarly to ELIH-MED this plan further aims to denote a way forward for the
rational Implementation of these measures.
ELIH-MED is to be implemented in a structured holistic manner, in line with
the following strategy:
1. Ensure that the public sector becomes a role model in energy efficiency;
2. Promote increased awareness and behavioural change by consumers on
an individual level;
3. Adopt financing tools and economic incentives targeting all sectors,
implemented in full compliance with the applicable State aid rules, which will
stimulate take up of more efficient technologies;
4. Take advantage of, and support, international efforts – in particular at EU
level – to ensure that more efficient energy using products become available
to the consumer;
5. Use legislation and fiscal instruments judiciously, for example by setting
standards for energy performance in buildings or for providers of energy
services such as auditors or installers;
6. Carry out research in energy efficient technologies and practices suitable
for adoption in Malta; and
7. Create the organizational structures necessary to support the achievement
of these objectives
1.7 Structure of the Report
The first past of this report introduces the aims and objectives of the project in
the aim of giving a brief summary of the project. This is followed by an
overview of the objectives and activities within ELIH MED's action plan. A brief
description about the origin of the project is given as well with reference to its
geographic coverage.
This is follow by depicting the scenario about low income houses such
households. A section is dedicated to the housing overview within the
European Union. A highlight is made to the so called "baby boom housing"
which have been erected during the aftermath of the second world war.
Following this dilemma this publication has a look at the heating and cooling
season. There is a tendency that building standards and regulations for each
country are embraced within one of the seasons and not in both. In this
manner this desk analysis accounts for both perspectives. In connection to
this, the heating season in investigated as applicable in England.
Then the policies and regulation frameworks for energy efficiency for low
income households are investigated in connection with ongoing or recently
achieved retro fitting projects and initiatives. Within the same context, bench
marking of other EU-funded projects similar to ELIH-MED is carried out.
Within the Maltese case a cost benefit analysis of energy efficiency in urban
low-cost housing is made. Within the same scenario it is mentioned how a
domestic co-operative to improve energy efficiency in low income housing can
aid energy efficiency within the housing stocks in general. A collective
agreement amongst those living in social housing blocks. Such energy
initiatives within governmental buildings are described in the Malta's Strategy
to reach EU2020 objective.
In connection to the NEEAP the report goes into investigating the Sustainable
Energy Action Plans in Malta. The SEAP's are mandatory for those
municipalities making part of the covenant of mayors.
Each municipality draws a short description in terms of the objectives relevant
to the localities. In this light, the governmental authorities deduced the current
European, national, regional and local regulation frameworks promoting
energy efficiency in existing LIH.
This report then goes on to describe objectives and regulated areas which are
administrated by the Building Industry Consultative Council (BICC) and its
responsibility for gearing and tuning the regulations related with energy
efficiency in buildings.
Penultimately, a particular emphasis is made to the European, regional and
local financial resources (mechanism programmes) promoting energy
efficiency amongst low income housing.
The first policy promoting energy efficiency within the domestic sector in Malta
was called "A Once-Only Grant on the Purchase of Solar Heating Energy
Savers for Domestic Use". This report than sheds light on the financial
mechanism for each of the applied criteria for the definition of a low income
household. The effectiveness indicators for the objectives of each funding
mechanism is inspected so as to provide feedback for each grant scheme.
Finally the report digs into the stability and consolidations for each projection
amongst all the regions participating in the project. Then the desk analysis
identifies any prospect obstacles for the scalability of the project.
2 Overview of low income houses
Jewkes, Melanie D. et. al. in “Weaknesses of Housing Affordability Indices
Used by Practitioner” describes how the subprime mortgage and foreclosure
meltdown of 2007-2008 emphasized the need for a re-conceptualization of
measures of an individual household's ability to afford housing. A clear link
needs to be established between what a household can afford and the loan
amount for which a household qualifies. In the same publication Jewkes,
Melanie D. et. al.Wwithin the same publication provides:
a conceptual review of three commonly used housing affordability
indices
the National Low Income Housing Coalition Affordability Index for
renters, also known as Housing Wage;
The publication explains how the review of measures showed a lack of ability
to easily adapt housing affordability measures to individual households. The
authors recommend that housing practitioners utilize an adapted residual
income approach that considers household size, geographic location,
transportation, and non-housing related expenses, rather than standard
affordability measures or qualifying guidelines.
2.1 Energy Performance Certification
An EPC is an official document further to an energy performance assessment
which is carried out according to methodology established by LN 261/2008.
To be valid, the Certificate must be registered with the Malta Resources
Authority (MRA). The EPC describes the energy performance of a particular
dwelling and establishes a numerical rating in terms of Energy Performance
and Carbon Dioxide Emissions. An accompanying Advisory/Recommendation
Report is also drawn up, providing information regarding ways to improve the
energy efficiency of the property.
The Energy Use of the building, in kilo Watt hours per square metre per
year, indicates the typical amount of energy needed to live comfortably
in that building. The lower the value of the Energy Use, the more
efficient the dwelling and hence less running costs.
The Carbon Dioxide Emissions, in Kg of CO2 per square metre per
year, is an indication of how much carbon dioxide emissions are
produced per annum to generate that required amount of energy.
Hence it is a measure of the impact the dwelling has on the
environment. Lower Carbon Dioxide Emissions values indicate a more
environment-friendly dwelling.
EPC endorses how the owner of a house or the corresponding estate agent
should have the certificate drawn up by a competent EPC assessor when
property is constructed, sold, rented out or when a major retrofit is being
compiled. The certificate should be made available to potential buyers or
tenants so that they may be informed on how much energy is required to live
comfortably in that particular building and be able to compare with other
properties they are considering to build, buy or rent. The owner is not bound
by law to implement the recommended improvements. However, new
buildings must conform to as notified by Government Notice No. 1002 of
2006.
Poel, Bart et. al. explains how The existing buildings stock in European
countries accounts for over 40% of final energy consumption in the European
Union (EU) member states, of which residential use represents 63% of total
energy consumption in the buildings sector. Consequently, an increase of
building energy performance can constitute an important instrument in the
efforts to alleviate the EU energy import dependency and comply with the
Kyoto Protocol to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. This is also in accordance
to the European Directive on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD),
which has come to effect on 4 January 2006. The energy performance
assessment for existing dwellings (EPA-ED) is a new methodology supported
by software, developed in the framework of a European project that focuses
on energy related issues for existing residential buildings, in line with the
EPBD.
2.2 Energy Poverty
Kitakyushu, K. specialized in accessibility to energy and resources with a
particular emphasis to sustainable development and energy shortages.
Kitakyushu, K. emphasizes that many rural areas, poor people still depend on
wood and other biomass fuels for most of their household and income-
generating activities. The difficult, time-consuming work of collecting and
managing traditional fuels is widely viewed as women's responsibility, which is
a factor in women's disproportionate lack of access to education and income,
and inability to escape from poverty. Therefore, it is important for energy
access programs to have a special focus on women. New options for energy
access and sustainable livelihoods, like small-scale biofuels production, can
have dramatic benefits for rural women, and their families and communities.
Moreover Kitakyushu, K. extends his argument by describing energy
development as a driving force and a consequence of such tremendous
changes, has had profound impact on economic, social, and environmental
development. Rural energy has always been a critical issue due to years of
energy shortage for both households and industries. Biomass, for long time,
has been the only available fuel in many rural areas. The situation in rural
areas is even more critical as local demand for energy outstrips availability
and the vast majority of people depend on non-commercial energy supplies.
Energy is also an input to water supply, communication, commerce, health,
education and transportation in rural areas.
3 Housing overview
The building directive was introduced in 2003 by the European Commission
through EC Directive. This was done to highlight the importance of energy
management opportunities amongst social housing. This Directive is aimed at
giving freedom to design the different elements in practice for each member
state. The energy certificate as demanded by this EC Directive can be used
as a communicative and tool in combination with economic principles.
3.1 Baby Boom housing
Within this context Peter Malpass elaborates how the observation that
planning for post-war housing policy has been a neglected area of study,
especially in comparison with the attention given to housing during the First
World War. Drawing on research in the official files, the article shows that
planning for housing after the war began as early as 1941, and that a detailed
and ambitious policy was in place well before the end of the war.
Peter Malpass goes on to describe how the commitment to a very large
housing programme was underpinned by the intention to use the construction
industry as a way of absorbing labour and pursuing full employment. The main
questions addressed by officials and ministers concerned the number of
houses to be built and the agencies to be employed to build them. He
concluded that in terms of the quantity and quality of houses to be built the
housing policy of the coalition government was more radical and ambitious
than is generally recognized. But it was highly conservative in terms of its
stance on systemic reform.
3.1.1 Heating Season
Most often households are either designed specifically for the heating season
or else for the cooling season. The heating season consists of the colder part
of the year which requires secondary heating sources such as electric
heaters, boilers and specifically designed insulation and reflections systems. It
is of utmost importance that the heat generated is maintained within the
building. Such a goal can be obtained by air-tightedness, insulation,
appropriate structural design and geographic orientation.
3.1.2 Cooling Season
Conversely the cooling season is featured by an overwhelming need for
ventilation and refrigeration systems which can lower the air temperature
throughout the year. In this light, a household is designed to keep the heat
away from the households in the aim of maintaining a lower air temperature.
The main source of heat comes from the sun implying that means that the
households need measures which can simultaneously radiate the solar heat
and retain the room temperature while ensuring 6 air changes per hour as
specified by the European and British Standards.
3.2 Heating season in England
Oreszczyn, Tadj et. al. analyse the factors affecting indoor temperatures in low
income households in England by quantifying the extent to which variation in
heating season indoor temperatures are explained by dwelling and household
characteristics and increased by energy efficiency improvements in low
income households. A survey of dwellings in the Warm Front home energy
efficiency scheme was carried out in five urban areas of England. Half-hourly
living room and main bedroom temperatures were recorded for 2–4 weeks
over two winters.
Oreszczyn, Tadj et. al. found how in each dwelling, the regression of indoor on
outdoor temperature was used to obtain estimates of daytime living room and
night time bedroom temperatures under standardized conditions (outdoor
temperature of 5°C). The results indicate that the median standardized
daytime living room temperature was 19.1°C and the median standardized
night time bedroom temperature 17.1°C. Temperatures were influenced by
property characteristics, including its age, construction and thermal efficiency
and also by the household number of people and the age of the head of
household. Dwellings that received both heating and insulation measures
through the Warm Front scheme had daytime living room temperatures 1.6°C
higher than per-intervention dwellings, night time bedroom temperatures were
2.8°C higher.
4 Policy and regulation frameworks for energy efficiency within low income households
The basis holding of numerous EU-funded program such as MED, Intelligent
Energy and the Framework Programmes seek to contribute security,
sustainability and competitive priced energy for Europe. The action plan
designed to attain these goals constitutes of:
embracing energy efficiency and the sustainable use of energy
resources;
the promotion of innovative and renewable energy sources and to
support a variety of energy sources;
promoting energy efficiency and the use of different sources of
renewable energy sources within the transport sector.
4.1 Analysis of ongoing or recently achieved projects and initiatives.
The programmes' action place will contribute and aid at conforming with the
EU Energy 2020 strategy in order to:
facilitate the implementation of the EU action plan for energy-efficiency
promote the directive about the promotion and use of energy from
renewable energy sources build on the experience gained from
previous EU-funded projects the spread of efficient use of energy and
greater use of new and renewable energy sources objectives of EU
energy policy and to implementing the Lisbon Agenda.
The priority axis belonging to ELIH-MED are based within this framework. In
this manner ELIH-MED can hinder investment across member states in new
and best practices in the fields of energy efficiency, renewable energy
sources and energy diversification by narrowing the disparity between the
presentation of progressive technologies and their actual, broad market
uptake
c) reduce any obstacles to efficient forms of energy harvesting and utilisation
by highlighting institutional capacity building at local and regional level. This
requires the raising of awareness through the educational system and
encouraging exchanges of experience and by catalysing the diffusion of the
best case scenarios and best available application technologies at EU level.
4.1.1 Clearing House Facilitation
Clearing House Facilitation is a project aimed at designing the road-map for
better energy building performance Less Developed Regions in the EU.
The project will ultimately facilitate local establishment by:
Helping to overcome organizational barriers for efficient Clearing house
operations at local level
Helping to create a sound framework for RUE in building projects
Bridging the gap between project owners - municipalities and
residential and the financing sources available for project financing
Raising awareness and channel information to the action's target
groups on RUE in building projects and Clearing house aspects in
general
The EU Green Paper on Energy Efficiency from 2005 highlights the necessity
for the creation of economic and financial mechanism which can promote
investments related with energy efficiency. In this manner having a European
Clearinghouse can be established amongst medium scale energy related
projects.
4.1.2 POWER House Europe – A Spotlight on the Funding Retrofitting projects for the National Housing Federation in the United Kingdom
Power House Europe is an EU project funded within Intelligent Energy Europe. Its primary objective is to review already existent and future funding schemes in terms of their suitability and ability to back up retrofitting projects for social housing.
As part of this scrutiny, the Power House Europe examines any sources of funding, including EU funding and the effectiveness attached to such funding. In addition with this project, Power House Europe keeps the issue of financing retrofitting on government’s front burner, and the need for competent public funds to finance it.
The consortium composing Power House Europe are working with the Energy
Efficiency Partnership for Homes (EEPH) to come up with a funding model
that foresees feed in tariffs as a revenue stream and are finding ways of
increasing the availability of low-cost capital to housing associations in
England.
The main objectives of Power House Europe are to:
• Discuss the Green Deal, to ensure it can be delivered to all housing tenures
and present housing associations with a business opportunity. The
conversation is on-going and David Orr is meeting DECC ministers on 19th
July
• Put a Comprehensive Spending Review submission that includes policy and
funding requests on retrofitting
• Consult members on the current CESP review and the Green Deal
•Review all current regional, national and European funding streams and will
publish a report for members on their website
4.1.3 SQUARE - A System for Quality Assurance when Retrofitting Existing Buildings to Energy Efficient Buildings
Energy efficient measures for the European residential building stock, mainly
of the period 1960 to 1980, should lead to at least 50% energy savings.
Ambitious and high performance retrofit, carried out in the SQUARE pilot
projects, lead to much more savings, to 80 or 90%. To reach these goals, it is
important to know more about energy improvement measures that have a
great reduction potential and are easy to accomplish. Work package 5
focuses on energy efficient solutions that are basic for the retrofit of residential
buildings and at the same time raise indoor environmental issues. As a result
of the climate variations in the European countries it was decided to find the
best measures for three different European climates to conform with the
requirements in several countries.
4.2 Energy Improvement Measures and their Effect on the Indoor Environment
As a result of different climates amongst European Member States, there is
the availability of different energy efficient solutions. The SQUARE has
categorized the Member States within one of three different climates as
shown in table 2. The table has not bee derived from an engineering
perspective for a quick and brief overview on the various parameters affecting
climate conditions relevant to energy efficient applications.
Table 1 : Characteristics of the three different European climates used for
specifying energy improvement measures of buildings’ retrofit within SQUARE
(suggested by AEE INTEC, verified by SQUARE partners)
Source: SQUARE Internal report on work package 2, additional information of SQUARE partners, delivered 2009
Table 2: Average energy saving potential of residential building stock
Source: SQUARE Internal report on work package 2, additional information of SQUARE
partners, delivered 2009
Figure 1: A graph comparing the energy demand for heating amongst European Member Countries (Square, 2003)
0
50
100
150
200
250
Energy demand for heating [kWh/m²a]
Average energy saving potential of residential building stock
AustriaBulgariaFinlandSpainSweden
Ene
rgy
dem
and
forh
eatin
g [k
Wh/
m²a
]
Source: SQUARE Internal report on work package 2, additional information of SQUARE partners, delivered 2009
4.3 Basic and Active energy improvement measures
Basic energy management opportunities are the ones most popular amongst
the general public. Sometime they are regarded as the 'fool's gold' since they
can not improve the energy efficiency as much as active measures. The basic
measures can optimize the energy efficient of a building with good indoor
environment. Such measures are related with the buildings' constructions and
components. The energy saving opportunities take place as “passive
components” of the building system.
Active energy management opportunities are meant to offer the best
measures for optimizing the energy performance of a building or renew them.
Such projects take place after the buildings were adapted with the best
energy management opportunities at the optimal energy efficiency standards.
When the Active measures are compared on a long term with the Basic
Measures, the former energy saving potentials are more important but
generally lower. In this manner the capital investment required to set up these
measures is substantially higher due to the fact that they have a short
estimated service life. Such examples would include boilers, heat exchangers
or sensors.
4.4 Cost–benefit analysis of energy efficiency in urban low-cost housing
Harald Winkler et. al. (2002) discusses how a cost–benefit analysis study
considered energy-efficiency measures in low-cost housing, primarily
standard 30 m2 Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) houses.
The three packages of interventions that improve the thermal performance of
the houses (ceilings, roof and wall insulation, windows and partitions) were
found to be economically attractive both from a national and a household
perspective. The net benefits from the whole package for a standard RDP
home is about 10 per cent of the value of the housing subsidy provided by the
government.
In support to this, Harald Winkler et. al. (2002) goes on to describe the major
advance in research on energy policy over the past 20 years is the growing
body of literature showing how saving energy, rather than supplying more of it,
can be the most cost-effective path for development – see, for example,
Reddy & Goldemberg (1990), Lovins & Lovins (1991) and Kats (1992). In
countries such as South Africa, where the gap between access to affordable
energy and the demand for clean energy is very large, energy efficiency has
the potential to accomplish multiple social and economic objectives.
5 Co-operative to improve energy efficiency in low income housing
During the past three decades architecture has transformed the cultural
Maltese habitation to blocks of flats. This has been attributed to the ever
increasing population on the islands and the never ending changing lifestyles.
In the light of the latest regional funds, many inhabitants of such apartments
have been put off from installing solar renewable energy sources due to the
limited roof space allocated to each household. Besides, one would have
second thoughts about sharing one’s own roof.
The limit in roof space and viability of such a system will tend to weaken the
possibility of using a solar water heat via a heat exchange module. This is
being used in the Maltese industry since a heat exchange system can store
more heat in a given space (high thermal density). The supply of domestic
hot water at the George Hotel is supplied using such technologies developed
by Würth. A block of flats should be equipped with such a system before any
sales or renting of apartments. In this manner the use of domestic hot water in
a block of flats can be carried out industrially. In order to avoid any
discrimination and provide the same amount of DHW for all the
residents, water flow meters can be used to monitor the amount of hot water
being used per day. If a resident would exceed the quota then he/she is cut off
the DHW supply for that day.
Such buildings would usually stand highest in altitude amongst other
buildings. This means that it is very unlikely for such a solar system to be
shaded from other buildings or obstructing objects.
Figure 2 A solar water heating set up on a larger scale
After the description of the above application, photovoltaic panels may look
attractive as well. On the other hand it is a well known fact that they incur
higher initial costs with a longer return on investment. Hence it is definitely
more viable to focus upon the implementation of the above described solar
water heater.
6 Malta's Strategy to reach EU2020 objectives
6.1 The Maltese National Energy Efficiency Action Plan and the National Renewable Action Plan (NEEAP)
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: November 2008
Implementing bodies: Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA) in
collaboration with the Malta Resources Authority (MRA)
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household: None
6.1.1 Short description and objectives:
The general objectives of the Maltese National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
are to identify the best cost-effective energy efficient measures that will
generate energy efficiency in a renewable manner and to draft a plan in which
these measures are implemented in line with the following strategy:
Ensure that the public becomes a role model in energy efficiency;
Promote increased awareness and behavioural change by consumers
on an individual level;
Adopt financing tools and economic incentives targeting all sectors,
implemented in full compliance with the applicable State aid rules, that
will stimulate take up of more efficient technologies;
Take advantage of and support efforts – in particular at EU level
To ensure that more efficient energy usage by the consumer;
Use legislation and fiscal instruments judiciously, for example by setting
standards for energy performance in buildings or for providers of
energy services such as auditors or installers;
Carry out research in energy efficient technologies and practices
suitable for adoption in Malta; and create the organisational structures
necessary to support the achievement of these objectives.
6.1.2 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
There are no mentioned real time data monitoring. However, there is a logging
system for equipment retailers regarding the installation of photovoltaic
panels, double glazing and solar water heaters. Such equipment must
conform to MSA EN relations and standards set by the Building Industry
Consultative Council (BICC). Applications could be rejected on grounds of
various natures such as the lack of solar exposure in the proposed location.
6.1.3 Description
The NEEAP is aimed at changing attitudes and influence behaviour in energy
use. It is combined with the advisory services that are provided to the general
public on energy efficiency measures in general, and will take advantage of
existing energy efficiency directives such as the labelling of vehicles and
tyres.
6.2 The Sustainable Energy Action Plans in Malta
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation:
Implementing bodies: Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Ministry for
Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA), Planing and Priorities Coordination
Division (PPCD) and various Municipalities
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household: Not
applicable.
6.2.1 Short description and objectives:
The Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) is a mandatory adhesion for each
municipality amongst the European Member States with the Covenant of
Mayors. Municipalities are committed to submit their SEAP within the year
following adhesion, this being a key document showing how the local
government will reach its reduction in Carbon Footprint targeted by 2020 by
the European Commission.
It is particularly significant to the perceived leading role of local government in
energy performance that the SEAP is intended to address both the public and
private sectors, especially since the covenant's commitments concern the
whole geographical area of the local government’s jurisdiction. In principle, it
is anticipated that most SEAP's will include actions in the following sectors:
Built environment, including new buildings and major refurbishment;
Municipal infrastructure (district heating, public lighting, smart grids)
Land use and urban planning;
Decentralised renewable energy sources;
Public and private transport policies and urban mobility;
Citizen and, in general, civil society participation;
Intelligent energy behaviour by citizens, consumers and businesses.
SEAP's involve the public in general since those with a high degree of
involvement which are the most likely to continue in the long-term and to
succeed in attaining their goals. The Covenant of Mayors deals with action at
local level within the strict competence of the local governments, which are
expected to take action in several or all of their possible roles:
Consumer and service provider
Planner, developer and regulator
Advisor, motivator and a model
Producer and supplier
6.2.2 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
Individual action plan and endorsement, from each locality, towards Energy
Sustainability. These include Pembroke, Xghajra, Mgarr and Qrendi.
6.3 Current European, national, regional and local regulation frameworks promoting energy efficiency in existing LIH
6.3.1 The Building Industry Consultative Council (BICC)
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: Since 2005
Implementing bodies: Within Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Ministry for
Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA).
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household: Not
defined at time of writing
6.3.2 Short description, objectives, regulated areas:
BICC is the first governmental authority of its kind in Malta. It embraces a
framework of formal regulation frameworks in the building industry. BICC
regulates and maintains legalisation frameworks within the building industry
and cultural heritage. In a nutshell BICC aims at:
Conservation of Fuel Energy and Natural resources
Energy Efficiency in Building Design
The Energy Intensity of Office/Showroom Buildings
The Energy Performance Building Directive (EPBD):Thermal
Performance of Insulation Samples: Applications for Malta
Construction Site Management
Structural Design & Construction
Building Materials & Services
Built Environment
BICC is paving the way to Energy Performance Certificate in the Maltese
Islands.
7 The European , national, regional and local financial resources (mechanism, program) promoting energy efficiency in low income housing
7.1 Name of policy: A Once-Only Grant on the Purchase of Solar Heating Energy Savers for Domestic Use
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: First issued on 17th January, 2006
Implementing bodies: Ministry for Resources and Infrastructure, Planing and
Priorities Coordination Division (PPCD)
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household: Not
mentioned
7.2 Financials
The Ministry for Resources and Infrastructure described in the Government
Gazette issued on 17th January 2006 how the “Eligibility for those solar water
heaters which are installed on domestic premises could qualify for a grant of
25% on the purchase price and subject to a maximum of € 232.94.”
7.3 Short description and objectives:
The Ministry for Resources and Infrastructure described in the Government
Gazette issued on 17th January 2006:
In line with the provisions of paragraph 9 of Government Notice number 203,
SCHEME B – Solar Heating Energy Savers , which was published in the
Government Gazette of the 1st March 2005, the Prime Minister and Minister
of Justice is hereby amending paragraph 5 of such a Government Notice as
follows:
In order to further encourage the use of Solar Heating Energy Savers for
domestic use, the Prime Minister and Minister of Finance is increasing the
grant to 25% of the purchase price of the solar heating energy saver, subject
to a maximum of one hundred Maltese Liri (Lm100). This increase in the grant
applies only to those Solar Heating Energy Savers purchased on the 1st
January 2006, or afterwards.
It is hereby also being notified that the Solar Heating Energy Savers should
be installed strictly as per Malta Environment And Planning Authority (MEPA)
development control guidelines. The Minister responsible for Finance reserves
the right to forfeit the grant if such regulations are not adhered to.
7.3.1 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
7.4 Grants on the purchase of roof thermal insulation - 2006 Scheme
“A Once-Only Grant on the Purchase of Photovoltaic Systems for Domestic
Use and on the Purchase of Thermal Roof Insulation Materials for Roofs of
Domestic Residences”
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: published on the 17th January 2006
Implementing bodies: Ministry for Resources and Infrastructure , Planing
and Priorities Coordination Division (PPCD)
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
7.4.1 Eligibility
Ministry for Resources and Infrastructure described in the government
Gazette which as issued on the 17th January 2006 how:
It is hereby also being notified that the Solar Heating Energy Savers should
be installed strictly as per Malta Environment And Planning Authority (MEPA)
development control guidelines. The Minister responsible for Finance reserves
the right to forfeit the grant if such regulations are not adhered to.
The following materials shall be excluded for the purpose of this grant:
normal cement or sand screed (kontrabejt),
stone chippings used for torba,
structural membranes in concrete steel (such as corrugated steel
sheeting unless the latter is factory bonded to the roof insulation),
natural stone and wood,
bituminous or rubberised roofing membranes and compounds including
paints for UV protection,
agricultural shading nets, tiles of cement, ceramic or natural stone
material,
any shading devices
7.4.2 Area of applicability
Ministry for Resources and Infrastructure described in the government
Gazette which as issued on the 17th January 2006 how:
This Scheme applies to the expenditure that is incurred once only on the
purchase of a roof thermal insulation material for domestic residences by the
applicant on or after the effective date. The applicant is entitled to only one
grant on the purchase of roof insulation material.
7.4.3 Financials
Ministry for Resources and Infrastructure described in the government
Gazette which as issued on the 17th January 2006 how:
Roof thermal insulation material applied to domestic premises could qualify for
a grant of 25% on the purchase price and subject to a maximum of € 232.94.
7.4.4 Short description and objectives:
Ministry for Resources and Infrastructure described in the government
Gazette which as issued on the 17th January 2006 how:
In order to further encourage the use of alternative sources of energy, the
Prime Minister and Minister of Finance has made the following Schemes that
aim to contribute to an increase in the use of photovoltaic systems for
domestic use, and an increase in the use of thermal insulation materials for
roofs of domestic residences.
Area of applicability This Scheme applies to the expenditure that is incurred
once only on the purchase of a photovoltaic system by the applicant on or
after the effective date. The applicant is entitled to only one grant on the
purchase of photovoltaic systems
7.4.5 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
7.4.6 Validity
Duration of the Scheme This Scheme shall remain in force for a period of one
year from the 1st January, 2006 unless terminated beforehand by a Notice in
the Government Gazette, and shall be renewed for further periods of one year
unless a Notice to the contrary is published in the Gazette
7.5 Grants on the purchase of solar photovoltaic systems - 2006 scheme
A Once-Only Grant on the Purchase of Photovoltaic Systems for Domestic
Use and on the Purchase of Thermal Roof Insulation Materials for Roofs of
Domestic Residence”
Country or Region: Malta
Year of implementation: First of its kind which was issued in 2006
Implementing bodies: Ministry of Finance, Planing and Priorities
Coordination Division (PPCD)
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
The scheme is not restricted to LIH, and there are therefore no social criteria.
7.5.1 Area of applicability
Ministry of Finance described in the government Gazette which as issued on
the 1st January 2006 how:
This Scheme applies to the expenditure that is incurred once only on the
purchase of a photovoltaic system by the applicant on or after the effective
date. The applicant is entitled to only one grant on the purchase of
photovoltaic systems.
7.5.2 Eligibility:
Ministry of Finance described in the government Gazette which as issued on
the 1st January 2006 how:
Eligible applicants may apply for a once-only grant of 20% on the purchase
price of a photovoltaic system with a minimum installed size of one kilowatt
peak, plus or minus five per cent (1kWp+/-5%) and this subject to a maximum
grant of five hundred Maltese Liri (Lm500). Applicants are also eligible to an
additional grant of two hundred and fifty Maltese liri (Lm250) for every
additional installed kilowatt peak, plus or minus five per cent (1kWp+/-
5%),subject to a total maximum input power of 3.7 kilowatt peak (3.7kWp).
Fractions of a kilowatt peak installed additionally above the minimum of one
kilowatt peak (1kWp) are treated prorata.
7.5.3 Short description and objectives:
Ministry of Finance described in the government Gazette which as issued on
the 1st January 2006 how:
In order to further encourage the use of alternative sources of energy, the
Prime Minister and Minister of Finance has made the following Schemes that
aim to contribute to an increase in the use of photovoltaic systems for
domestic use, and an increase in the use of thermal insulation materials for
roofs of domestic residences.
7.5.4 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
7.6 Solar Water Heaters ERDF Grant Scheme
Country or Region: Malta
Year of implementation: First launched in 17th January, 2006
Implementing bodies: MINISTRY FOR RESOURCES AND
INFRASTRUCTURE, Planing and Priorities Coordination Division (PPCD)
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs described in the government Gazette
which as issued on the 17th January 2006 how:
The household must satisfy at least one of the following criteria:
Household income must not exceed €23,932 annually
The value of the property must not exceed €120,000
Household qualifies for Energy Benefit
Household in receipt of supplementary allowance in terms of the Social
Security Act
7.6.1 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:
Eligible for those solar water heaters which were installed on domestic
premises qualified for a grant of 25% on the purchase price and subject to a
maximum of € 232.94.
7.6.2 Description
Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs described in the government Gazette
which as issued on the 17th January 2006 how:
In accordance with the provisions of paragraph 9 of Government Notice
number 203, SCHEME B – Solar Heating Energy Savers , which was
published in the Government Gazette of the 1st March 2005, the Prime
Minister and Minister of Justice is here by amending paragraph 5 of such a
Government Notice as follows.
In order to further encourage the use of Solar Heating Energy Savers for
domestic use, the Prime Minister and Minister of Finance is increasing the
grant to 25% of the purchase price of the solar heating energy saver, subject
to a maximum of one hundred Maltese Liri (Lm100). This increase in the grant
applies only to those Solar Heating Energy Savers purchased on the 1st
January 2006, or afterwards.
It is hereby also being notified that the Solar Heating Energy Savers should
be installed strictly as per Malta Environment And Planning Authority (MEPA)
development control guidelines. The Minister responsible for Finance reserves
the right to forfeit the grant if such regulations are not adhered to.
7.6.3 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
7.7 Grant on the Purchase of Household Appliances for Domestic Use Certified as Being Efficient in the Use of Energy
Country or Region: Malta
Year of implementation: First launched in 5th December 2006
Implementing bodies: MINISTRY OF FINANCE, MRA, Planing and Priorities
Coordination Division (PPCD)
7.7.1 Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household
Ministry of Finance described in the government Gazette which as issued on
the 5th December 2006 how:
‘household appliance for domestic use’ means any electric mains-operated
household appliance intended for domestic use mentioned in the list further
hereunder (schedule I),which household appliance is purchased from Malta
from a registered seller on or after the effective date, and which appliance is
certified as having a minimum energy efficiency class as stipulated in the
column on the right hand side of the list. With regards to the energy efficiency
class, this must be in conformity with Legal Notice 99 of 2002 as subsequently
amended and entitled - ‘Indication By Labelling And Standard Product
Information Of The Consumption Of Energy And Other Resources By
Household Appliances Regulations’:-
7.7.2 Duration of the scheme
Ministry of Finance described in the government Gazette which as issued on
the 5th December 2006 how:
This scheme shall remain in force for a period of one year as from the 1
November 2006 unless modified/terminated before hand by a Notice in the
Gazette, and shall be renewed as deemed necessary by the Minister
responsible for Finance and as shall be thus published in another Notice in
the Gazette.
7.7.3 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:
In order to further encourage the better use of the energy being generated by
the country, the Prime Minister and Minister of Finance has made the
following scheme that aims to encourage the use of household appliances for
domestic use that are certified as being efficient in the use and consumption
of energy.
Table 3: The rebate in Euros for each appliance and its corresponding
category
Appliances Category20% of selling price with a
maximum grant of
Dishwashers A € 58.23
Refrigerators, Freezers
or Combinations
A Tropical € 116.47
A+ Subtropical € 116.47
A Subtropical
(till 31st
March 2007)€ 58.23
Washing Machines A € 58.23
Tumble Dryers A € 58.23
Air Conditioning Units A € 58.23
7.8 A Grant on the Purchase of Systems for Domestic Use that Reduce the Use of Energy, or Use Renewable Sources of Energy
Country or Region: Malta
Year of implementation: First launched in 27th January 2009
Implementing bodies: Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Ministry for
Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA), Planing and Priorities Coordination
Division (PPCD).
7.8.1 Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
There is no reference to low income households however the area of
applicability is defined as follows:
This scheme applies to the expenditure that is incurred by an applicant on the
purchase of a system for domestic use made from a registered retailer or who
is provisionally registered and which expenditure is made within four months
of the grant offer letter. Expenditure not used for a system not for use at a
domestic premises used for habitation purposes by an applicant is not eligible
for a grant in terms of this scheme.
7.8.2 Financial Mechanism
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how:
Grant payable under this Scheme
The applicable grant is as follows, per applicant per installation:
Photovoltaic systems: 50% of eligible costs up to a maximum of €3,000
Solar water heaters: 66% of eligible costs up to a maximum of €460 .
Roof insulation: 33% of eligible costs up to a maximum of €300
Double glazing: 33% of eligible costs up to a maximum of €300 .
7.8.3 Area of applicability
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how:
This scheme applies to the expenditure that is incurred by an applicant on the
purchase of a system for domestic use made from a registered retailer or who
is provisionally registered and which expenditure is made within four months
of the grant offer letter. Expenditure not used for a system not for use at a
domestic premises used for habitation purposes by an applicant is not eligible
for a grant in terms of this scheme.
7.8.4 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how:
In order to further encourage the better use of the energy being generated by
the country, the Minister responsible for Resources and Rural Affairs, after
consultation with the Minister of Finance, Economy and Investment has made
the following scheme which aims to encourage the use of systems for
domestic use that reduce the use of energy, or use renewable sources of
energy.
7.8.5 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
Applications submitted to the Authority for registration as a seller or retailer
shall be accompanied by the documents listed in the application form, and
any other document which the Minister responsible for Resources and Rural
Affairs,after consultation with the Minister of Finance, Economy and
Investment may, from time to time, require
Applications for the registration of systems for the purposes of this Scheme
shall be made by the seller or retailer in the form set out in Schedule V to this
Government Notice and shall contain all the information, details and
documents as required in such form and in terms of this scheme;
7.9 A Scheme to Promote the Domestic Use of Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs)
Country or Region: Malta
Year of implementation: Issued on 11 March 2009
Implementing bodies: Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Ministry for
Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA), Planing and Priorities Coordination
Division (PPCD).
7.9.1 Eligibility
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 11th March 2009 how:
Each household in Malta shall be entitled to a voucher that can be redeemed
for lamps from a seller.
The number of lamps for which a household is entitled to is as follows:
Households with 1 or 2 persons – 5 lamps
Households with 3 or 4 persons – 8 lamps
Households with 5 persons or more – 10 lamps
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
7.9.2 Short description and objectives:
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 11th March 2009 how:
Each household in Malta shall be entitled to a voucher that can be redeemed
for lamps from a seller.
The number of lamps for which a household is entitled to is as follows:
Households with 1 or 2 persons – 5 lamps
Households with 3 or 4 persons – 8 lamps
Households with 5 persons or more – 10 lamps
Vouchers shall be posted once by ordinary mail to the recipient at the mailing
address at which the recipient receives the electricity bill. Vouchers shall be
posted once the applications for registrations of retailers, wholesalers and
lamps have been processed by the MRA.
The Authority shall not be responsible or liable in any way for the loss of any
voucher while being delivered to the recipient, nor such loss shall give rise to
any right on the part of the recipient to be given a replacement voucher in the
case that a voucher is lost.
7.9.3 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 11th March 2009 how:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
7.10 A Grant on the Purchase of Systems for Domestic Use that Reduce the Use of Energy, or Use Renewable Sources of Energy
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: Issued on Tuesday 27th January 2009
Implementing bodies: Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Ministry for
Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA), Planing and Priorities Coordination
Division (PPCD).
7.10.1 Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 11th March 2009 how:
Grant payable under this scheme
Applicants may apply for a grant on the system in the form set out in Schedule
I and as indicated in the guidelines and guidance notes set out in Schedule II.
Applicants who have received a grant for a system or for similar systems in
2008 shall not be eligible for another grant. Applicants shall not be eligible to
more than one grant per technology;
One of the conditions of the grant is that the system shall remain installed and
in use, and shall not be modified in such a way as to degrade its performance
for a minimum period of five years after its installation. It is the responsibility of
the applicant to ensure that this condition is met. Applicants that fail to honour
this condition shall refund the amount of the grant plus interest accrued as
from the day of its granting to the MRA. Should the property be sold and the
system retained by the new owner, the contract of sale shall specify the
transfer of obligations from the applicant to the new owner of the premises.
7.10.2 Financials
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 11th March 2009 how:
The funds available for the scheme are limited. Therefore, the number of
grants available are to be limited as shown in Schedule I. Applications shall
be processed on a first come first served basis until the allocation of funds is
exhausted. The Authority may, at its discretion, also receive applications when
the funds allocated to the scheme have been exhausted. Such receipt shall
not be construed to imply any form of liability, or any form of obligation on the
Authority or the Government to pay any amount of money. Applications that
are submitted prior to the effective date shall be rejected.
Photovoltaic systems: 50% of eligible costs up to a maximum of Euro 3,000. A
maximum of 200 families will benefit from this scheme. Solar water heaters:
66% of eligible costs up to a maximum of Euro 460. A maximum of 4,500
families will benefit from the scheme. Roof insulation and double glazing: 33%
of eligible costs up to a maximum of Euro 300. A maximum of 1000 families
(for both roof insulation and double glazing) will benefit from the scheme
7.10.3 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 11th March 2009 how:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
7.11 A Grant on the Purchase of Systems for Domestic Use that Reduce the Use of Energy, or Use Renewable Sources of Energy
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: 27th January 2009
Implementing bodies: Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Ministry for
Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA), Planing and Priorities Coordination
Division (PPCD)
7.11.1 Area of applicability
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how:
This scheme applies to the expenditure that is incurred by an applicant on the
purchase of a system for domestic use made from a registered retailer or who
is provisionally registered and which expenditure is made within four months
of the grant offer letter. Expenditure not used for a system not for use at a
domestic premises used for habitation purposes by an applicants not eligible
for a grant in terms of this scheme.
7.11.2 Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 did not refer to low income housings at no
point in time.
7.11.3 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how:
In order to further encourage the better use of the energy being generated by
the country, the Minister responsible for Resources and Rural Affairs, after
consultation with the Minister of Finance, Economy and Investment has made
the following scheme which aims to encourage the use of systems for
domestic use that reduce the use of energy, or use renewable sources of
energy
7.11.4 Financials
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how:
Photovoltaic systems: 50% of eligible costs up to a maximum of Euro
3,000. A maximum of 200 families will benefit from this scheme.
Solar water heaters: 66% of eligible costs up to a maximum of Euro
460. A maximum of 4,500 families will benefit from the scheme.
Roof insulation and double glazing: 33% of eligible costs up to a
maximum of Euro 300. A maximum of 1000 families (for both roof
insulation and double glazing) will benefit from the scheme.
7.11.5 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how:
Registration of systems. Applications for the registration of systems for the
purposes of this Scheme shall be made by the seller or retailer in the form set
out in Schedule V to this Government Notice and shall contain all the
information, details and documents as required in such form and in terms of
this scheme.
7.11.6 Registration of systems
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how:
Applications for the registration of systems for the purposes of this Scheme
shall be made by the seller or retailer in the form set out in Schedule V to this
Government Notice and shall contain all the information, details and
documents as required in such form and in terms of this scheme;
Sellers or retailers shall ensure that their registration and the registration of
their products has been accepted by the Authority prior to the submittal of an
application by an applicant. For this purpose, applications may be submitted
by retailers to the Authority as from the 26th January, 2009;
Registrations of products or equipment made by sellers or retailers may be
withdrawn at any time by the Authority, after giving due notice, and reasons, to
the seller or retailer.
7.12 A Grant on the Purchase of Systems for Domestic Use that Reduce the Use of Energy, or Use Renewable Sources of Energy
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: Issued on Tuesday 27th January 2009
Implementing bodies: Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Ministry for
Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA), Planing and Priorities Coordination
Division (PPCD).
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
The Malta Resources Authority did not referred to low income housing in the
government Gazette which as issued on the 27th January 2009.
7.12.1 Financials
The Malta Resources Authority, in the government Gazette which as issued
on the 27th January 2009 described how,
Photovoltaic systems: 50% of eligible costs up to a maximum of Euro
3,000. A maximum of 200 families will benefit from this scheme.
Solar water heaters: 66% of eligible costs up to a maximum of Euro
460. A maximum of 4,500 families will benefit from the scheme.
Roof insulation and double glazing: 33% of eligible costs up to a
maximum of Euro 300. A maximum of 1000 families (for both roof
insulation and double glazing) will benefit from the scheme.
7.12.2 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:
The Malta Resources Authority, in the government Gazette which as issued
on the 27th January 2009 described how,
IN order to further encourage the better use of the energy being generated by
the country, the Minister responsible for Resources and Rural Affairs, after
consultation with the Minister of Finance, Economy and Investment has made
the following scheme which aims to encourage the use of systems for
domestic use that reduce the use of energy, or use renewable sources of
energy.
7.12.3 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
The Malta Resources Authority, in the government Gazette which as issued
on the 27th January 2009 described how,
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
7.13 A Grant on the Purchase of Systems for Domestic Use that Reduce the Use of Energy, or Use Renewable Sources of Energy
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: Issued on Friday 12th February 2010
Implementing bodies: Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA),
Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Planing and Priorities Coordination Division
(PPCD).
7.13.1 Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
The Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs did not make any reference to
low income housing in the Government Gazette issued on 12th February
2010.
7.13.2 Financials
The Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs, in the Government Gazette
issued on 12th February 2010 described how:
List of grant percentage and maxima Solar Water Heating systems: 40% of
eligible costs up to a maximum of 560 Euro. A maximum of 2,476 households
shall benefit from this scheme.
7.13.3 Eligibility Applicant
The Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs, in the Government Gazette
issued on 12th February 2010 described how:
An applicant to be eligible under this scheme must satisfy,as a minimum, one
of the following criteria:
Be entitled to receive the Energy Benefit Voucher. This is to be demonstrated
by presentation of a copy of such energy benefit voucher sent to the address
of the applicant during 2009 or 2010. The address of the applicant must be
the same address where the system is going to be installed and the same
address on the electricity bill. OR
Be in receipt of the Children’s Allowance. This is payable to female citizens of
Malta who have the responsibility of the care of children under 16 years of
age, and where the household income does not exceed Euro 23,923 as
stipulated in the Social Security Act. This is to be demonstrated by
presentation of a copy of such benefit sent to the address of the applicant
during 2009 or 2010. The address of the applicant must be the same address
where the system is going to be installed and must also be the same address
which appears on the electricity bill
Persons receiving a Fixed Children’s Allowance as defined in the Social
Security Act (that is a children’s allowance that is payable to households
irrespective of the annual reckonable income of the household) shall not be
eligible for a grant given under this scheme unless such households qualify
under any other of the criteria for eligibility.
the equipment is to be installed in a premises in Gozo, at the address shown
on the Identity card of the applicant OR
has purchased a premises to be used as a “sole ordinary residence” in terms
of article 32(4)(a) of the Duty on Documents and Transfers Act (Chapter 364
of the Laws of Malta). The value of the property must be of less than Euro
120,000, the purchase of which must have been concluded on or after the 1st
January 2010. This is to be proved by means of a certified true copy of the
deed of transfer or by a notary’s declaration to this effect. The address of the
‘sole ordinary residence’ must be the same as the address where the system
is going to be installed.
Must be a household whose income or joint income is of less than Euro
16,070 as demonstrated by a copy or copies of an FS3 form for 2009 or a
copy of the income tax statement or statements issued by Inland Revenue
Department for 2008. The address of the applicant must be the same address
where the system is going to be installed and the same address on the
electricity bill. OR
be a household in receipt of social assistance under the Social Security Act
(Chapter 318 of the Laws of Malta).
This is to be demonstrated by the presentation of a copy of such assistance
sent to the address of the applicant during 2009 or 2010. The address of the
applicant must be the same address where the system is going to be installed
and the same address on the electricity bill. In addition to any if these criteria,
the applicant must also satisfy the conditions required in the guidelines.
7.13.4 Applicability
The Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs, in the Government Gazette
issued on 12th February 2010 described how:
This scheme shall apply to the expenditure that is incurred by an applic ant
when purchasing a solar water heater or solar collector for domestic use
registered under the Government Notice entitled ‘Registration of Solar Water
Heaters, Solar Collectors and Photovoltaic Systems’, and which expenditure
is made within four months from the date of issue of the grant offer letter in
terms of the procedure established by this Government Notice. Expenditure
made by an applicant for solar water heating systems not to be used at his
residential premises is ineligible for a grant in terms of this scheme.
7.13.5 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:
7.13.6 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
7.14 A Grant for the Purchase of Photovoltaic Systems in the Domestic Sector
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: Issued on Friday 12th February 2010
7.14.1 Implementing bodies:
Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs
(MRRA), Planing and Priorities Coordination Division (PPCD).
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
List of grant percentage Photovoltaic systems: 50% of eligible costs up to a
maximum of Euro 3,000.
7.14.2 Applicability
The Maltese Resources Authority, in the Government Gazette issued on 12th
February 2010 described how:
This scheme shall apply to the expenditure that is incurred by an applicant
when purchasing a photovoltaic system for domestic use registered under the
Government Notice entitled ‘Registration of Solar Water Heaters, Solar
Collectors and Photovoltaic Systems’, and which expenditure is made within
four months from the date of issue of the grant offer letter in terms of the
procedure established by this Government Notice. Expenditure made by an
applicant for photovoltaic systems not used at his residential premises is not
eligible for a grant in terms of this scheme.
7.15 Eligibility of photovoltaic systems
The Maltese Resources Authority, in the Government Gazette issued on 12th
February 2010 described how:
Applications for the registration of photovoltaic systems for the purposes of
this scheme shall be made in accordance with the Government Notice entitled
‘Registration of Solar Water Heaters, Solar Collectors and Photovoltaic
Systems’.Photovoltaic systems to be purchased by an applicant from
overseas sellers or retailers shall be registered by the applicant in accordance
with the aforementioned Government Notice
7.15.1 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:
The Maltese Resources Authority, in the Government Gazette issued on 12th
February 2010 described how:
In order to further encourage the better use of the energy being generated by
the country, the Malta resources Authority has made the following EU funded
scheme which aims to encourage the use of photovoltaic systems for
domestic use that reduce the use of energy, or use renewable sources of
energy.
7.15.2 Duration of the scheme
The Maltese Resources Authority, in the Government Gazette issued on 12th
February 2010 described how:
Applications for this scheme may be validly received as from 18th January
2010. The scheme shall remain valid till the 31st of December 2010 and shall
cease thereafter to be in force. This scheme may be modified or terminated
before that date by means of a notice in the Gazette. This scheme may be
renewed as may be deemed necessary by the Minister responsible for
Resources and Rural Affairs upon consultation with the Ministry of Finance,
Economy and Investment also by means of a notice in the Gazette
7.15.3 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
7.15.4 A Scheme to Promote the Domestic Use of Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs)
Country or Region: Malta
Year of implementation: 2009
Implementing bodies: Malta Resources Authority (MRA)
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household: Not
mentioned but the number of lamps entitled by each household was entitled
as follows:
Households with 1 or 2 persons – 5 lamps
Households with 3 or 4 persons – 8 lamps
Households with 5 persons or more – 10 lamps
7.15.5 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:
The Maltese Resources Authority, described how:
In order to further encourage the use by households of compact fluorescent
lamps (CFLs), the Minister for Resources and Rural Affairs after consultation
with the Minister of Finance,Economy and Investment has made the following
scheme.
Vouchers shall be posted once by ordinary mail to the recipient at the mailing
address at which the recipient receives the electricity bill. Vouchers shall be
posted once the applications for registrations of retailers, wholesalers and
lamps have been processed by the MRA. The Authority shall not be
responsible or liable in any way for the loss of any voucher while being
delivered to the recipient, nor such loss shall give rise to any right on the part
of the recipient to be given a replacement voucher in the case that a voucher
is lost.
7.15.6 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers, installers, importers
and equipment must conform to the corresponding building regulations.
Applications may also be rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of
conformities.
7.16 A Grant for the Purchase of Photovoltaic Systems in the Domestic Sector
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: Issued on the 21st of July 2010
Implementing bodies: Malta Resources Authority (MRA),
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low income household:
7.16.1 Short description of funding mechanism and objectives:
The Malta Resources Authority, in the Government Gazette issued on the
21st of July 2010 stated that,
In order to further encourage the better use of the energy being generated by
the country, the Malta resources Authority has made the following EU funded
scheme which aims to encourage the use of photovoltaic systems for
domestic use that reduce the use of energy, or use renewable sources of
energy
7.16.2 Eligibility
The Malta Resources Authority, in the Government Gazette issued on the
21st of July 2010 described how,
Applicants who have received a grant for a photovoltaic system in the years
2008 and 2009 shall not be eligible for another grant issued in terms of this
Scheme.
7.16.3 Duration of the scheme
The Malta Resources Authority, in the Government Gazette issued on the
21st of July 2010 stated that,
Applications for this call under the scheme may be validly received as from
the 28th july 2010 to the 10th August 2010, at 1.00 p.m. this scheme may be
modified or terminated before that date by means of a notice in the Gazette.
This scheme may be renewed as may be deemed necessary by the Malta
resources Authority also by means of a notice in the Gazette.
7.16.4 Financials
Photovoltaic systems: 50% of eligible costs up to a maximum of Euro 3,000.
7.16.5 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
A. Online database of good practices of energy retrofitting projects in LIH in
the Med area, specific objectives and indicators concerning the LIH according
to the national policy.
The only database of online database of good practice can be found within
MIEMA's website. This work was carried out within an Intelligent Energy
Europe: www.miema.org
8 Ongoing or completed LIH energy retrofitting projects in your Malta
Project name: Birkirkara tal-Ftieh Pilot Study. This pilot included both
measures taken during the construction phase as well as others which could
be retrofitted.
Country/ Region: Malta, Birkirkara
Period of implementation: October 2006 until September 2007
Implementing body: Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Malta,
Malta Housing Authority, Department of Architecture and Urban Design,
Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Malta.
Budget: €77,000 in total, €5,000 per apartment
Funding sources: National
Which are the applied criteria for defining a low-income household: Not
referred to within this study.
Number of dwellings included: one block of 10 apartments
8.1.1 Short description of project, actions – technical solutions included:
double-glazed apertures,
louvred apertures
roof insulation and coating with white reflective paint
expanded polystyrene insulation of south-facing walls
increased height of upper floor
forced ventilation of staircase
solar water heaters
PV system
sun pipes to basement garages.
Objectives: to assess the effectiveness of energy-saving measures in social
housing, to provide a model for future development
8.1.2 Assessment of results
Quantitative estimates were made of likely energy savings based on on-site
observations and monitoring of similar buildings. There was no actual
assessment of results.
8.1.3 Barriers encountered during implementation
Typology of LIH building stock in the partner territories and in the Med area,
statistical elements. The aim of this section is to form a first profile of the LIH
building stock in partners’ territories
Who provides low-income housing in your country / region (private and / or public agencies), through which procedures:
The Housing Authority is responsible for all matters related to LIH in Malta.
Are there LIH dwellings constructed without a building permit? No
Which are the basic ownership statuses found in LIH in your country / region: Ownership and rental
Describe the most common building typologies of LIH found in your country / region (e.g. houses with up to two dwellings, high rise buildings etc): blocks of apartments 2-6 storeys
Which are the most common construction techniques/ materials found in LIH in your country / region: limestone and concrete blocks
When was the first thermal insulation implemented in your country / region: n/a
How many times has it been reviewed since then and when: n/a
When was the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) implemented in your country: in 2002
Besides the EPBD are there other requirements for the energy efficiency of residential buildings in your country / region? Please describe: no
Which are the most common cooling systems/ fuels used in LIH in your country/ region: electric air conditioning (HVAC)
Which are the most common heating systems/ fuels used in LIH in your country/ region: electric air conditioning, portable heaters fuelled by
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (butane & propane cylindrical containers)
8.1.4 List some of the common technical or institutional issues impeding the application of EE measures in LIH in your country / region
Technical – lack of adequate roof area for solar water heaters
Institutional – lack of enforcement of building regulations, lack of public
awareness and culture, lack of public knowledge of cost-effectiveness and
savings, lack of publicity of energy performance rating of buildings.
Relatively long payback – the feed in tariff has been raised to 25c for the
Malta installations and 28c for Gozo yet significantly low.
8.1.5 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
8.2 2011 Support Schemes - Photovoltaic Systems PV - Photovoltaic panels
Governing Body: Malta Resources Authority
Published on Tuesday, 5th July, 201The Malta Government Gazette
ObjectivesThe Malta resources Authority has described that in order to further encourage the better use of the energy being generated by the country, the Malta Resources Authority is administering the following European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) funded scheme which aims to encourage the use of photovoltaic systems for residential use that reduce the use of energy, or use renewable sources of energy.
1. Grant payable under this scheme Applicants may apply for a grant under this scheme for a system by means of the form downloadable from the MRA’s website (www.mra.org.mt). The scheme is administered and governed by the guidelines also downloadable from the website.
2. Duration of the scheme Applications for this call may be validly received as from Monday, 25th July, 2011 till noon of Wednesday, 3rd August, 2011. The scheme may be modified or terminated before that date by means of a notice in the Government Gazette. This scheme may be renewed as may be deemed necessary by the Malta Resources Authority also by means of a notice in the Gazette
8.2.1 List of grant percentage
PV systems: 50% of eligible costs up to a maximum of Euro 3000.
8.2.2 Steps in Applying for the PV Grant Scheme
Step 1 It is important for the Applicant to read all sections of these guidelines and the conditions attached to this scheme, in detail.
Step 2 It is recommended that Applicants assess the electricity demand of the household, and determine the appropriate type and size of the system required. Lack of adequate sun exposure of the PV panels will disqualify an installation.
Step 3 It is the Applicant’s responsibility to ensure compliance with MEPA guidelines and the relevant planning permission on the installation of renewable energy equipment 1 (where applicable). In case of doubt, it is advisable that an architect is consulted.
Step 4 Fill in Part A of the grant scheme application form, and submit to the
Malta Resources Authority together with the required documentation by mail or personally by hand at MRA offices/ Gozo office. Note that at this stage, the application is not yet assessed much less approved. Part A of the application must be approved by the Malta Resources Authority and a grant offer letter sent to the Applicant before equipment is purchased and installed. The Applicant should note that if it transpires that a permit is required and has not been sought, the grant offer may be withdrawn, and/or recovered (if already paid by MRA). MRA officials or its agents may inspect the site of installation.
Step 5 In case of acceptance If the scheme criteria are met and the application is successful the Applicant will receive a grant offer letter; At this stage the Applicant may purchase and install the system. Details of successful applications may be published on the website.. The Applicant should fill in the MRA notification form for photovoltaics and feed-in tariff application and submit it to the MRA. In case of rejection A letter of rejection will be sent to non-compliant Applicants. The reason for rejection will be indicated on the letter. Any requests for review from rejected Applicants will be assessed by a Review Committee specifically appointed to hear objections from decisions made under this scheme. Applicants will be informed of the Review Committee decision.
Step 6 When the installation of the PV system has been completed, the Applicant should fill in Part B (request for reimbursement) including all required documentation. Part B must
reach the MRA within the date indicated on the grant offer letter.
Step 7 Following the receipt of Part B from the Applicant, the Malta Resources Authority will assess the request for reimbursement and the details of the installed system against information provided in the original pre-purchase application (part A of the application).
Step 8 Payments of grant schemes will be processed after receipt of a fully and correctly completed Part B request for reimbursement including all required attachments. The grant will be paid to the Applicant by bank transfer. The MRA will use the bank details provided by the Applicant. The Applicant is responsible to ensure that the details of the bank account are correct.
8.2.3 Area of applicability
This Scheme applies to the eligible expenditure that is incurred on the purchase of an eligible technology purchased by an eligible Applicant and installed and fully operational in Malta, for which an application has been made on an effective date and which application was approved (by MRA). Grants will not be payable in respect of technologies installed in caravans, boats, boathouses or parts of buildings not for residential use.
8.2.4 Eligible Applicant
This particular scheme is open only to private individuals for use on their residential properties, and for organisations that do not fall within the concept of ‘undertaking’ i.e. an undertaking carrying out an economic activity from their residential premises. For undertakings, state aid rules apply and these are subject to a separate scheme. Undertakings include landowners. Government entities and not-for-profit organizations 2 may apply directly for EU funds when calls are issued by the Planning and Priorities Coordination Department (PPCD).
8.2.4.1 To be eligible, an Applicant must:
have obtained planning permission (where required) for the installation; be the freehold owner of the property OR the owner of a long leasehold
interest in the property (i.e. a leasehold term with more than 5 years remaining) with all necessary consents from the owner of the property. If the applicant is a joint owner of the property, the applicant is entitled to apply for a grant on behalf of the other joint owners provided they have agreed to the applicant doing so and will comply as necessary with all of these terms and conditions. The property must be used principally by the applicant or his/her family for his/her own private residential purposes. The applicant is not entitled to receive a grant if the property is used principally for business purposes, including the letting of the
property on a commercial basis (even if the tenants' use of the property will be residential). In particular, an applicant is not eligible to apply if any part of the property is used as a shop or offices (or similar) open to the public;
not obtain other grants or subsidies for this system or the same technology from any other schemes that include national or public funds such as Government of Malta funds or EU funds. This applies equally to the Applicant or any member of the same household;
not be applying on behalf of an undertaking and not be a landlord of the property where the system is installed;
provide the MRA with a bank account to enable transfer of the grant amount directly to the applicant’s account;
allow relevant organisations involved in the implementation and control of this scheme including: MRA, representatives from the Managing Authority and (local and EU) Auditors to inspect the photovoltaic installation within the Applicant’s residence after due notice is given by MRA;
accept that the Applicant’s data together with the eligible grant amount may appear on public documents or published on the MRA website; connect the photovoltaic installation to the Enemalta grid and undertake proper and continued operation as well as maintenance of the same equipment; and - not make any arrangements with independent or governmental organisations (or groups, associations, etc.) for offers, financial or in kind, including any good or service such as gifts, white goods, other goods/ appliances, equipment, services, vouchers, group discounts or subsidies, etc.
The Applicant shall present a valid electricity bill, issued in his/her name for the
premises where the technology is to be installed, where the electricity tariffs paid are denoted as residential. Other members of the same household may not apply for a grant for the same technology (i.e. photovoltaic panels).
Households that have already benefited from, or have an open grant offer under, a similar PV system scheme are not eligible to apply for a grant. Lack of adequate sun exposure of the PV panels may disqualify an installation since the PV would not be generating electricity. The Authority reserves the right to refuse the grant and, or take legal action to recover the amount granted with interests and any other costs incurred, in case of:
incorrect information being stated by the Applicant in the application; or any condition of the scheme not being met; or the grant having been already given; or other reasons where the 'bona fide' intention of the Applicant is manifestly
missing
8.2.5 Eligible expenditure The equipment must be fully owned and paid in full by the Applicant and cannot be encumbered or subject to any legal claims by third parties. The total expenditure to be reported in the quotation should include all costs required to have a fully operational system.
The expenditure to be claimed must be in respect of the purchase price as shown on the original fiscal receipt in terms of Article 51 of the VAT Act. This final price must correspond to the real expense incurred for such purchase and must reflect any discounts, credit notes, gifts or any other form of payment or advantage, present or future in favour of the Applicant over and above the real purchase price of the equipment.
8.2.5.1 The eligible expenditure is the sum of costs (including VAT) of:
1. Photovoltaic generation equipment; 2. Inverter: Inverters must be rated for the size of total kWp of photovoltaic modules installed. Oversized or undersized inverters will not be considered eligible costs. For this reason the full costs of inverters where the inverter nominal ac power at standard testing conditions (STC) is not between 0.8 and 1.2 times the array nominal power shall not be eligible for the grant; and 3. Support frame; less: the value of discounts or offers, financial or in kind relating to this equipment or system.
8.2.5.2 The ineligible expenditure includes costs (including VAT) of:
1. any extended warranty beyond the standard warranty that installers are required to provide free of charge; 2. any other materials, works or other costs such as, but not limited to, any cost of wiring, reinforcement and installation;
3. permits or certification; 4. inverter if the inverter nominal ac power at standard testing conditions (STC) is not be (STC) is not between 0.8 and 1.2 times the array nominal power; and 5. for overseas purchases, the duty charges for local importation. The price is to be shown on the receipt/s.
Note: the value of discounts or offers relating to this equipment or system should be deducted from the eligible expenditure. Applicants are to note that MRA has the right to reject applications in cases where both eligible and non-eligible expenditure do not reflect current market prices. Furthermore, eligible expenditure shall be capped at €4053 /kWp.
8.2.6 Eligible Technology - Grants under this call are only available in relation to the following types of microgeneration technology
New solar photovoltaic complete system, grid connected, with an installed capacity of more than 0.5kW;
The chosen technology model and manufacturer must be registered with the MRA in accordance with Government Notice 52 of 2010. The registered list of manufacturers and models is accessible on www.mra.org.mt
The product manufacturer is the company that makes the product. The model is the version of the product that has been selected for use. It is the responsibility of the Applicant to ensure that approved products are used. All photovoltaic installations must be grid connected and remain so for at least 5 years after commissioning. Prospective Applicants who intend to import systems directly are also urged to pre-register their systems themselves PRIOR to making any commitments. The installed system must be compliant with applicable legislation and technical codes such as the Network Code. These may be found on the Enemalta site: www.enemalta.com.mt.
8.3 2011 Support Schemes - solar water heaters
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: Issued in 2011
Implementing bodies: Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Ministry for
Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA), Planning and Priorities Coordination
Division (PPCD).
8.3.1 Financials
The expenditure to be reported is in respect of the purchase price of the
system as shown on the original fiscal receipt. Local Payments to the seller
should be effected by the bank transfer or else by cheque
1. Only the fiscal receipt is to be submitted in such cases. In the case of
overseas purchases an original bank transfer advice must be presented.
Foreign payments would have to be effected by bank transfer and the
respective proof of payment would have to be the official bank document
endorsed by the bank2 (stamped and signed). If any other means (electronic
payment) is used, the respective receipt and/or print-out must be endorsed
and confirmed by the bank from where funds have been paid out.
8.3.2 Eligible costs
- For solar hot water systems: Costs of solar hot water panels and storage
tanks, plus their fixing to the roof or ground, including VAT, but excluding (i)
the cost of any extended warranty beyond the standard warranty that
installers are required to provide free of charge; (ii) the cost of any other
materials, works or other costs such as, but not limited to, any cost of
plumbing at property; and (iii) costs of permits or certification.
- For solar collectors: Costs of solar hot water panel plus their fixing to the roof
or ground, including VAT, but excluding (i) the cost of any extended warranty
beyond the standard warranty that installers are required to provide free of
charge; (ii) the cost of any other materials, works or other costs such as, but
not limited to, any cost of plumbing at property; and (iii) costs of permits or
certification.
8.3.3 Steps in Applying for the Solar Water Heating System Grant Scheme
Step 1 Read the guidelines on how to apply under the Solar Water Heating
Grant Scheme.
Step 2 Contact eligible suppliers of the systems to help assess heat demands,
conduct a review of energy use and determine the appropriate type and size
of system required. It is recommended that the applicant should contact more
than one potential supplier.
Step 3 Ensure that you have obtained planning permission for your
installation (where applicable).
Step 4 Fill in Part A of the grant scheme application form in conjunction with
the supplier, and submit to the Malta Resources Authority together with the
required documentation. Note that at this stage, the application is not yet
assessed much less approved and no grant offer has been made in your
case. Part A of the application must be approved by the Malta Resources
Authority before equipment is purchased and installed.
Step 5 If the scheme criteria are met and the application is successful you will
receive a grant offer letter and you may subsequently purchase and install the
system. Successful applications may be published on the website.
Step 6 When the installation of the Solar Water Heating System or Solar
Collector has been completed, fill in the MRA notification form and submit it to
the MRA, together with Part B of the grant scheme application form including
all required documentation. Grant scheme completion forms must reach the
MRA within the date indicated on the grant offer letter.
Step 7 The Malta Resources Authority will assess the grant scheme
application and the details of the installed system against information provided
in the original pre-purchase application (part A of the application).
Step 8 Payments of grant schemes will be processed after receipt of a fully
and correctly completed Part B grant scheme application including all required
attachments. The grant will be paid to the applicant through a bank transfer
issued by the Malta Resources Authority.
8.3.4 Area of applicability
This Scheme applies to the expenditure that is incurred on the purchase of a
solar water heating system or solar collector purchased in Malta for domestic
use, installed and fully functional in Malta, for which an application has been
made for the duration of the Grant Scheme. Grants will not be payable in
respect of technologies installed in caravans, boats or boathouses.
8.3.5 Eligible Applicant
To be eligible, an applicant must:
have obtained planning permission (where required) for the installation.
The building should also be covered by a planning permit;
be the freehold owner of the property OR the owner of a long leasehold
interest in the property (i.e. a leasehold term with more than 5 years
remaining) with all necessary consents from the owner of the property.
If the applicant is a joint owner of the property, the applicant is entitled
to apply for a grant on behalf of the other joint owners provided they
have agreed to the applicant doing so and will comply as necessary
with all of these terms and conditions. The property must be used
principally by the applicant or his/her family for his/her own private
residential purposes. The applicant is not entitled to receive a grant if
the property is used principally for business purposes, including the
letting of the property on a commercial basis (even if the tenants' use of
the property will be residential). In particular, an applicant is not eligible
to apply if any part of the property is used as a shop or offices (or
similar) open to the public;
not obtain any other grants or subsidies for this system from any other
schemes that include national or public funds such as Government of
Malta funds or EU funds.
not be applying on behalf of an undertaking and not be a landlord of
the property where the system is installed;
provide the MRA with a bank account to enable transfer of the grant
amount directly to the applicant’s account;
allow MRA Auditors to perform on site inspection of the equipment
installed and facilitate such inspections;
accept that the applicant’s name together with the eligible grant amount
may appear on public documents.
Households that have already benefited from, or have an open grant offer
under, a similar Solar Water Heater scheme are not eligible to apply for a
grant. Other members of the same household may not apply for a grant on the
same technology (i.e. solar water heaters or solar collectors). Lack of
adequate sun exposure of the solar water heating system or solar collector
may disqualify an installation. The Authority reserves the right to refuse the
grant and take legal action to recover the amount granted with interests and
any other costs incurred, in case of:
incorrect information being stated by the applicant in this application;
some conditions of the scheme not being met; or
the grant having been already given.
other reasons where the 'bona fide' intention of the applicant is
manifestly missing
8.3.6 Eligible Technology
The chosen technology model and manufacturer must be registered with the
MRA. The registered list of manufacturers and models will be accessible on
www.mra.org.mt The product manufacturer is the company that makes the
product. The model is the version of the product that has been selected for
use. It is your responsibility to ensure that approved products are used
8.3.7 Duration of the Scheme
This Scheme shall remain in force until the termination date unless
modified/terminated beforehand by means of a Notice in the Government
Gazette, and may be renewed as deemed necessary. Applications relating to
purchases on, or before the termination date shall continue to be accepted, till
the expiry of the grant offer period.
8.3.8 Compliance with legislation
You must ensure that the installation (and the building where this installation is
sited) complies with a valid development permit, or is permitted development
under the Development Notification Order.
You must ensure that in carrying out any activities in connection with the
installation and use of the technology you and anyone acting on your behalf
complies with all applicable laws and regulations. The installed system must
be compliant with applicable regulation and technical codes. This grant is
subject to Maltese legislation. The grant is also made to the applicant
personally. The grant does not confer any rights. The MRA will not lose any
right that it has under these terms and conditions if it does not exercise that
right or delays in exercising it.
8.3.9 Development Notification Order
You must ensure that in carrying out any activities in connection with the
installation and use of the technology you and anyone acting on your behalf
complies with all applicable laws and regulations. The installed system must
be compliant with applicable regulation and technical codes. This grant is
subject to Maltese legislation. The grant is also made to the applicant
personally. The grant does not confer any rights. The MRA will not lose any
right that it has under these terms and conditions if it does not exercise that
right or delays in exercising it.
Technical Details of the installation: We require an indication of whether the
system to be installed is certified for the complete system or certified for the
collector only Water storage capacity and collector size: The capacity of the
tank is required to ensure that the amount of hot water is commensurate with
the collector size for solar water heaters.
Evacuated tube or flat plate: We need to know the type of technology the
applicant will be purchasing. This information will be on the technical
specifications of the equipment.
8.3.10 Equipment Model and Manufacturer:
The equipment model and manufacturer will define characteristics of your
preferred technology. The model numbers may be found from the
manufacturer’s technical documentation. The manufacturer is the company
that designed and built the technology you intend to purchase.
Quoted Price: This refers to the eligible cost to be paid for your technology,
and must be equal to or less than the price stated on the fiscal receipt after
you purchase the equipment. The total price on the fiscal receipt may include
ineligible costs.
8.3.10.1 Completion Certificate for Solar Water Heaters
Details of the system installed have to be verified by the installer. Installer is
required to sign a declaration that the system is functional and has been
installed to the highest technical standards. Requirements for original invoices
and original receipts may be found on MRA's website.
8.4 Effectiveness - Efficiency indicators:
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 11th March 2009 how:
There is a registration scheme for equipment suppliers and equipment must
conform to MSA EN 61215 or MSA EN 61646. Applications may also be
rejected on grounds of, for example, lack of adequate sunlight in the proposed
location.
Solar water heaters: 40% of eligible costs up to a maximum of €560
9 Registration of Solar Water Heaters, Solar Collectors and Photovoltaic Systems
Country or Region: Malta and Gozo
Year of implementation: Issued in the government gazette on the 15th
January 2010
Implementing bodies: Malta Resources Authority (MRA), Ministry for
Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA), Planning and Priorities Coordination
Division (PPCD)
9.1.1 Part I - Application for registration as a participating retailer (seller)
This application form must be completed by the retailer and sent to MR
9.2 Part II Application for registration of technology
9.2.1 Solar water heating system
Water storage capacity in cubic meters, collector size in square meters
One application form must be filled in per model registered, equipment
model, Evacuated tubes or flat plane, equipment model, equipment
manufacturer, Showroom price.
Documents to accompany application form:
True certified copy of third party certificate
Copy of scheme standard guarantee form to be issued by retailer with
each product sold
9.2.2 Retailer’s Declaration
The retailer has to agree to abide to all terms and conditions of the scheme.
The information provided in this form is accurate and true to the best of my
knowledge. Moreover he has to understand that any attempt to misrepresent
information in this application will invalidate this application and disqualify me
from participating in all future rebates.
9.2.3 Notes:
Data Protection: Personal information provided on this form is
protected and used in accordance with the Data Protection Act. The
information shown on this application form will be used and shared
by/with the Malta Resources Authority and its agents, the Ministry for
Finance, the VAT department and other Government entities and EU
bodies involved in administering and supervising the scheme. The MRA
may also use this information to demonstrate market transformation
trends.
In cases were the supplier does not conform to any provisions set out
in the scheme, the supplier/installer shall be obliged to either change
the equipment to bring the installations within the provisions of the
scheme or pay the grant to the end consumer. This does not exclude
the possibility that the end consumer may take legal action against the
retailer to provide him with equipment as originally requested.
You are advised to send your application by mail to: Malta Resources
Authority, Millennia, Aldo Moro Road, Marsa, MRS9065
Further information can be found on the MRA website:
www.mra.org.mt. This application form may also be revised
periodically. Please check the website to ensure that you have the
latest version.
MRA may ask for further documentation if third party’s report requires
further verification.
9.3 Solar collector system:
Collector size in square meters, whether evacuated tube of flat plane,
Equipment model, equipment manufacturer, Showroom price,
Documents accompanying application form:
True certified copy of third party certificate(See notes below)
Copy of scheme standard guarantee form to be issued by retailer with
each product sold
9.3.1 Retailer’s declaration
I agree to abide to all terms and conditions of the scheme. The information
provided in this form is accurate and true to the best of my knowledge. I
understand that any attempt to misrepresent information in this application will
invalidate this application and disqualify me from participating in all future
rebates. I confirm that evacuated tube collectors certified to EN 12975 will be
connected to a manifold and that the evacuated tubes will not be connected
directly into the storage tank.
9.3.2 Notes:
1. Personal information provided by the seller will be protected and used in
accordance with the Data Protection Act. Without prejudice to any Act, the
volume of sales shall be considered to be commercially sensitive data and will
only be published in such a manner that individual sellers cannot be identified.
All information may be shared by/with the Malta Resources Authority, the
Ministry for Finance and the VAT department. All information other than
personal or commercially sensitive information may be published.
2. Sellers may be suspended or withdrawn from the scheme after notification
in writing from the Malta Resources Authority.
3. Audits may be carried out by the Malta Resources Authority or its agents.
Participation in the scheme implies that the seller is agreeing to such auditing.
Send this form, together with all supporting documentation to Malta
Resources Authority, Millennia, Aldo Moro Road, Marsa. Applications by email
to [email protected] will be accepted provided that receipt of email is
acknowledged by the Authority, that all the information required is submitted in
a clearly and easily identifiable and retrievable format, and that all the
technical documentation is submitted separately
9.3.3 Retailers' details:
Company or concerns' name, address, vat registration number, e-mail
address, Exemption number (where a computerized or electronic system or a
point of sale system is used)
Engineer’s details for PV systems
Name, surname, address, warrant number,
Installer’s details
Name, surname, address, Electrical License A & B
9.3.4 Registration of systems
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how:
Applications for the registration of systems for the purposes of this Scheme
shall be made by the seller or retailer in the form set out in Schedule V to this
Government Notice and shall contain all the information, details and
documents as required in such form and in terms of this scheme;
Sellers or retailers shall ensure that their registration and the registration of
their products has been accepted by the Authority prior to the submittal of an
application by an applicant. For this purpose, applications may be submitted
by retailers to the Authority as from the 26th January, 2009;
Registrations of products or equipment made by sellers or retailers may be
withdrawn at any time by the Authority, after giving due notice, and reasons, to
the seller or retailer.
9.4 Registration of Photovoltaic Systems – the second pasrt of the aapplication form
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how the application for registration of
technology for PV systems:
Number of modules, Modules' model, Module Manufacturer, Electrical output
power in kilowatt peak, Electrical output power 5year guarantee in kilowatt
hours(kWh), Showroom Price/kWp,
9.4.1 Documents to accompany application form:
True certified copy of third party certificate
Copy of scheme standard guarantee form to be issued by retailer with
each product sold
9.4.2 Inverter details
Inverter manufacturer
Inverter model
Inverter rating
9.4.3 Retailer’s Declaration
I agree to abide to all terms and conditions of the scheme. The information
provided in this form is accurate and true to the best of my knowledge. I
understand that any attempt to misrepresent information in this application will
invalidate this application and disqualify me from participating in all future
rebates.
9.5 Registration of Solar Water Heaters, Solar Collectors and Photovoltaic Systems – Application form Part II
The Malta Resources Authority described in the government Gazette which as
issued on the 27th January 2009 how:
Applications for the registration of systems for the purposes of this Scheme
shall be made by the seller or retailer in the form set out in Schedule V to this
Government Notice and shall contain all the information, details and
documents as required in such form and in terms of this scheme;
Sellers or retailers shall ensure that their registration and the registration of
their products has been accepted by the Authority prior to the submittal of an
application by an applicant. For this purpose, applications may be submitted
by retailers to the Authority as from the 26th January, 2009;
Registrations of products or equipment made by sellers or retailers may be
withdrawn at any time by the Authority, after giving due notice, and reasons, to
the seller or retailer
10Conclusions
The cyclic energy crisis and environmental concerns, foremost of which global
warming, have resulted in a movement towards alternative resources and
utilization of energy. Solar energy is a very attractive solution in Malta,
however the high cost of PV panels and storage systems, and the inefficient
conversion from solar to electricity and then to light or heat energy means that
more cost effective energy saving systems are required.
The energy classification of retro fitting applications is the key to a systematic
approach for decision making in energy management and an effective tool in
defining and taking on an energy management programme.
An energy survey will be circulated amongst those households which receive
energy vouchers in Malta and Gozo. The aim of this activity is to
simultaneously gather information about the energy performance of low
income households while highlighting and proposing various ways by which
the energy performance can be improved. The compilation of data assessed
the ecological and financial viability of each of the proposed systems. This
idea will be of utmost importance in sustainable living as in eco-villages, which
avoids energy storage and conversion.
11 References
Beerepoot Milou, Sunikka Minna, The contribution of the EC energy certificate in
improving sustainability of the housing stock. Environment & Planning B: Planning
& Design; Jan2005, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p21-31, 11p
Fahey, Tony1 Nolan, Brian1 Måitre, Bertrand1 Housing Expenditures and Income
Poverty in EU Countries. Journal of Social Policy; Jul2004, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p437-
454, 18p
IEE (2011) Intelligent Energy Europe, available at
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/intelligent/ (accessed on 20 June 2011)
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2011), available at www.ipcc.ch
(accessed on 18 May 2011)
Jewkes, Melanie D.1 Delgadillo, Lucy M.2 (2010) Weaknesses of Housing
Affordability Indices Used by Practitioners. Journal of Financial Counseling &
Planning; 2010, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p43-52, 10p, 2 Charts
Kaygusuz, K. (2011) Energy services and energy poverty for sustainable rural
development. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews; Feb2011, Vol. 15 Issue 2,
p936-947, 12p
Malta resources Authority (2011), available at www.mra.gov.mt (accessed on 22 June
2011)
MIEMA (2011) Malta Intelligent Energy Management Agency available at
www.miema.org (accessed on 20 June 2011)
Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs (2011), available at www.mrra.gov.mt
(accessed on 22 June 2011)
National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
National Housing Federation’s (2011) Projects Business for Neighbourhoods Power
House Europen the Funding Retrofitting project
Oreszczyn, Tadj1 Hong, Sung H. Ridley, Ian Wilkinson, Paul (2006) Determinants of
winter indoor temperatures in low income households in England. Energy &
Buildings; Mar2006, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p245-252, 8p
Peter Malpass (2003) Wartime planning for post-war housing in
Britain: the Whitehall debate, 1941– Faculty of the Built Environment, University of
the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
Poel, Bart, Van Cruchten, Gerelle Balaras, Constantinos A, Energy performance
assessment of existing dwellings. Energy & Buildings; Apr2007, Vol. 39 Issue 4,
p393-403, 11p.
REDDY, AKN & GOLDEMBERG, J, (1990) Energy for a developing world.
Scientic American, 263(3): 110–19.
Technical Research Institute of Sweden (2010) Energy Improvement Measures,
Deliverable 5.1 report SQUARE, A System for Quality Assurance when Retrofitting
Existing Buildings to Energy Efficient Buildings
Times of Malta (2011), available at www.timesofmalta.com (ace1)ssed on 21 June
201
Winkler, Randall Spalding-fecher, Lwazikazi Tyani & Khorommbi Matibe Cost–
benefit analysis of energy efficiency in urban low-cost housing Harald Development
Southern Africa Vol. 19, No. 5, December 2002