a. definition b. why? c. basic design circulation i. introduction

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A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulat ion I. Introductio n

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Page 1: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

A. DefinitionB. Why?C. Basic Design

Circulation

I. Introduction

Page 2: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Fluid, vessels, and a pump

Figure 42.6

Page 3: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

A. Gastrovascular Cavity

II. Strategies

Page 4: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Cnidarians and Platyhelminthes Thin bodied with one opening Waste is mixed with nutrients

Figure 42.2

Page 5: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

B. Water Vascular

Page 6: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Echinoderms= Tube feet pull in water to an internal ampulla which communicates with a ring canal to transport water, nutrients, and waste throughout the ring and body. Drainage is out an opening, called the madreporite, on the aboral side.

Page 7: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

C. Open System

Page 8: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Arthropods and some Mollusks fluid, hemolymph, through a muscular pump, sinuses, and ostia back into the tubular hearts.

Figure 42.3

Page 9: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

D. Closed System

Page 10: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Annelids, Mollusks (squids and octopuses), and Vertebrates blood, muscular pump, and vessels, and back to the heart

Figure 42.3

Page 11: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

A. Heart

III. Vertebrate Design

1. Structurea.

Strategies

Page 12: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Depends on the habitat and demands

Figure 42.4

Page 13: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Crocodilians

Page 14: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

b. Histology

Page 15: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

internal endocardium, middle myocardium, and the external (visceral and parietal = pericardium) epicardium

Page 16: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

2. Functiona. Valves &

Flow

Page 17: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Valves

tricuspid & bicuspid and pulmonary & aortic semilunar

Papillary muscles and Chordae Tendinae

Page 18: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Valves prevent backflow

Figure 42.7

Page 19: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

b. Cardiac Cycle

Page 20: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

cardiac cycle == systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation)

Figure 42.8

Page 21: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

c. Cardiac Control

Page 22: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

i. Internal input

ii. External input endocrine system, nervous system, blood pressure, and ion concentrations (Na, Ca, and K)

Figure 42.9

Page 23: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

B. Vessels1. Structurea.

Histologyb. Types

Page 24: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Vessels are multi layered (intima, media, and externa (adventia)

Figure 42.10

Page 25: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Vessels are multi layered (intima, media, and externa (adventia)

Page 26: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

2. Functiona.

Forces

Page 27: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Blood pressure == force against the wall

Figure 42.11

systole and diastole

Figure 42.14

Page 28: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

b. Control

Page 29: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Name the forces which can be involved in regulating blood pressure in blood vessels? Blood Volume or Viscosity

Cardiac Output

Peripheral Resistance

Ion Blood Concentrations

Hormones

Page 30: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

C. Blood1. Plasma Component

Page 31: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Plasma ==55% of total

Figure 42.17

What is found in the plasma?

Page 32: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

2. Cellular Elements

Page 33: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Cellular elements == 45% What cells?

Figure 42.15

Page 34: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Figure 42.14

Blood smear

Page 35: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Figure 42.14

White Blood Cell

Page 36: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Figure 42.14

Blood Clotting

Figure 42.18

Page 37: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Figure 42.14

Blood Clotting

Page 38: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

D. Lymphatic System1.

Components

Page 39: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

The lymphatic system == Lymph, vessels, and filters

Figure 43.7

Page 40: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

2. Function

Page 41: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Vessels capture lost blood fluid and

Figure 43.7

Page 42: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

and Nodes filter the lymph to remove material.

Figure 43.7

Page 43: A. Definition B. Why? C. Basic Design Circulation I. Introduction

Effect usually equals effort.