a codesigned compact dual-band filtering antenna with pin

Research ArticleA Codesigned Compact Dual-Band Filtering Antenna withPIN Loaded for WLAN Applications

Shanxiong Chen1 Yu Zhao2 Maoling Peng3 and Yunji Wang4

1 College of Computer and Information Science Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China2 College of Computer Science and Technology Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 China3Department of Information Engineering Chongqing City Management College Chongqing 401331 China4 Electrical and Computer Engineering Department The University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 USA

Correspondence should be addressed to Yu Zhao zhao ue163com

Received 25 February 2014 Revised 15 April 2014 Accepted 16 April 2014 Published 15 May 2014

Academic Editor Yingsong Li

Copyright copy 2014 Shanxiong Chen et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properlycited

A codesigned compact dual-band filtering antenna incorporating a PINdiode for 24552 GHzwireless local area network (WLAN)applications is proposed in this paper The integrated filtering antenna system consists of a simple monopole radiator a microstripdual-band band-pass filter and a PIN diode The performance of the filtering antenna is notably promoted by optimizing theimpedance between the antenna and the band-pass filter with good selectivity and out-of-band rejectionThedesign process followsthe approach of the synthesis of band-pass filter In addition the PIN diode is incorporated in the filtering antenna for further sizereduction which also widens the coverage of the bandwidth by about 230 for 24GHzWLANWith the presence of small size andgood filtering performances the proposed filtering antenna is a good candidate for the wireless communication systems Prototypesof the proposed filtering antenna incorporating a PIN diode are fabricated and measured The measured results including returnlosses and radiation patterns are presented

1 Introduction

The wireless local area network (WLAN) has experienceda rapid growth in the last decade which has been widelyemployed in wireless applications such as WIFI Bluetoothand GPS For further portability and better user experiencesthe size reduction has been a trend in the wireless systemdesigns Generally antennas and filters are considered as thecritical components in reducing the whole sizes of the radiofrequency (RF) front ends In addition the filter is usuallyconnected right after the antenna and the direct connectionbetween them may induce additional mismatch losses anddeteriorates the performances of the filter Therefore theintegration of the antenna and the filter will be of great inter-est which can provide both desired filtering and radiatingfunctions

Several efforts have been proposed in the literature [1ndash13]to integrate the antenna and the filter into a single moduleand the sizes as well as operating bands are summarized

in Table 1 [1ndash8] The integration of the open-loop resonatorloaded filter and the monopole antenna is presented in [3]which reduces the size of the filtering antenna by employingthe antenna structure as the last resonator of the filter Thesynthesis technique has been comprehensively studied in[2 8] which is proved to be feasible by the example of anintegrated 245GHz third-order filtering antenna with goodband-edge selectivity and design accuracy What is morecompared to the traditional way of connecting the antennaand the filter by standard 50Ω ports the filtering antenna in[2 8] reduces the transition loss to be near zero For furtherreduction of the footprint of the integrated filtering antennasystem the integration of slot antenna and vertical cavityfilter has been proposed in [7] However most of the referredfiltering antennas are for single-band applications which canhardly meet the demands of the current dual-band 80211abg WLAN applications

In this paper a compact dual-band filtering antennawith printed structure for wireless communication systems is

Hindawi Publishing CorporationInternational Journal of Antennas and PropagationVolume 2014 Article ID 826171 6 pageshttpdxdoiorg1011552014826171

2 International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

thick Rogers 4003 as system circuit board

164

106

20

Resonator 1

Resonator 2

Resonator 3

PIN diode0508mm

120576r = 35

(a)

L1 L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

L7

S2

S6

S4

S3

S5

S1

PIN diode

(b)

Figure 1 The proposed filtering antenna configuration (a) Geometry of the dual-band filtering antenna (b) Detailed dimensions of thefiltering antenna (1198711 = 5 1198712 = 106 1198713 = 185 1198714 = 12 1198715 = 16 1198716 = 105 1198717 = 89 1198781 = 1 1198782 = 26 1198783 = 5 1198784 = 1 1198785 = 18 1198786 = 52)All dimensions are in millimeters

00 02 04 06 08 10

0025

0020

0015

0010

0005

0000

Cou

plin

g co

effici

ent

S

Figure 2 Coupling coefficient 119896 as a function of the distancebetween resonator 1 and resonator 2

Table 1 Comparison of the sizes of the filtering antenna

Referencenumber Total size Operating bands Type of the

substrate[1] 129 times 65mm2 X-band Rogers 5880[2] 60 times 60mm2 24GWLAN Rogers 4003[3] 30 times 45mm2 24GWLAN 120576

119903= 265

[4] 109 times 109mm2 Ku-band 120576119903= 254

[5] 30 times 20mm2 406sim426GHz[6] 18 times 20mm2 47sim52 GHz 120576

119903= 338

[7] 125 times 9mm2 10sim105 GHz 120576119903= 348

[8] 652 times 50mm2 24GWLAN 120576119903= 338

proposed The filtering antenna is integrated by a microstripdual-band band-pass filter and a simple monopole antennawhich is conducted by utilizing the synthesis approachWithout restricting the impedance between the filter and theantenna to 50Ω the performances of the filtering systemare promoted and the total loss of the filtering antenna isalmost the same as the filter insertion loss The presented

filtering antenna has a whole size of 27 times 20mm2 which ismuch smaller compared to the antenna referred to in [3] Towiden the bandwidth of the filtering antenna reconfigurabletechnology [14ndash18] has been applied which usually expandsthe bandwidth by combining different working states witha fixed size In particular the PIN diode is incorporatedin the filtering antenna system which covers the dual-band 24552 GHz WLAN by combining the two workingstates Fabrication of the printed filtering antenna is easyand of low cost while the integrated filtering antenna hasgood band-edge selectivity and flat antenna gain Measuredradiation characteristics of the proposed filtering antenna arepresented

2 Design of the Filtering Antenna

Figure 1 depicts the layout of the proposed integrated filteringantenna which is printed on a low-cost two-side printedsubstrate with relative dielectric constant of 35 and a thick-ness of 0508mmThe filtering antenna system includes threeresonators of high 119876 values and one monopole antenna Thedual-band filtering antenna has a total size of 27 times 20mm2which is realized due to the introduction of the PIN diodeand is quite promising for wireless communication systemsNote that the dual-band band-pass filter is directly connectedto the antenna and the mismatch loss is correspondinglyreduced

21 Synthesis of the Dual-Band Filtering Antenna A two-pole dual-band band-pass filter with a bandwidth of 30MHzwith centre frequency at 245GHz and 435MHz with centrefrequency at 52 GHz is synthesized according to the dual-band filter synthesis technique [2] The dual-band filterconsisting of three stepped impedance resonators is printedon the 0508mm Rogers 4003 substrate The value of thecoupling coefficients 11989612 between resonator 1 and resonator 2is 002 while the value of the external quality factors is 5307

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 3S11

(dB)

0

minus10

minus20

minus30

Frequency (GHz)20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60

Figure 3 Simulated 119878 parameters of the dual-band filter

PIN diode

(a)

(b)

Figure 4 Photos of the manufactured dual-band filtering antennafor 24552 GHz WLAN applications

S11

(dB)

0

minus10

minus20

minus30

Frequency (GHz)20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60

2430MHz 2465MHz 4780MHz5250MHz

SimulatedMeasured

(a)

S11

(dB)

0

minus10

minus20

minus30

Frequency (GHz)20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60

SimulatedMeasured


(b)Figure 5 Simulated and measured reflection coefficient againstfrequency for the proposed filtering antenna (a) for state1 and (b)for state2

The referred coupling coefficient 11989612 depends on the relativedistance of resonator 1 and resonator 2 The smaller the valueof 119878 is the stronger the coupling between the resonators is

The coupling coefficient 119896 is calculated based on thefollowing equation

|119896| =

100381610038161003816100381610038161003816100381610038161003816

1198912

1minus 1198912

2

1198912

1+ 1198912

2

100381610038161003816100381610038161003816100381610038161003816

(1)

where 1198911and 1198912represent the eigenfrequencies of resonator 1

and resonator 2 respectively which can be obtained throughthe optimization of the relative distance 119878 between theresonators The coupling coefficient as a function of thedistance 119878 between resonator 1 and resonator 2 is depictedin Figure 2 The optimized dimensions of the filter are givenbefore and the simulated 11987811 and 11987821 of the filter are plottedin Figure 3

The dual-band two-strip monopole antenna which isdesigned based on the fixed ground plane has a size of 106 times


10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(a)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(b)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(c)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(d)

Figure 6Measured 2D radiation patterns (a) 2400MHz (b) 2450MHz (c) 5000MHz and (d) 5200MHz for the proposed filtering antenna

20mm2 The resonant frequencies are mainly determined toits total length namely the length of (1198712 + 1198713 + 1198783) Thelengths of the long strip (346) and the short strip (136mm)are approximately a quarter-wavelength for 245GHz and

52GHz respectively The connecting line between the fil-ter and the antenna is optimized whose dimension isfinally identified as 106mm in length and 11mm inwidth

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 5

22 Implementation of the Reconfigurable Technology Toachieve larger bandwidth coverage the PIN diode is incor-porated in the filtering antenna which is located in thecoupling structure of the filter As a result the bandwidthof the filtering antenna is expanded with a fixed size Whenthe PIN diode is OFF (state1) the PIN diode is equivalentto a series capacitance with high isolation and the filteringantenna works in the previously mentioned state coveringthe 2425ndash2465MHz and 4785ndash5220MHz When the PINdiode is ON (state2) it works as a series resistance thenresonator 2 and resonator 3 are directly connected thus thepath of the currents is changed and the resonant frequenciesare shifted towards lower frequencies covering the 2340ndash2430MHz and 4740ndash5100MHzTherefore by combining thetwo working states the bandwidth of the filtering antenna isincreased by about 40 with the addition of the PIN diodecovering the 24552 GHz WLAN operation The prototypeis fabricated under the consideration of the PIN diode and itsDC bias circuit

3 Results and Discussion

The proposed dual-band filtering antenna system was fabri-cated and tested Photos of the fabricated filtering antennasystem and the PIN diode as well as its corresponding DCare shown in Figure 4The simulated results of the integratedfiltering antenna are achieved based on the HFSS 130 whilethe measured results are given by using the Agilent N5247Anetwork analyzer and the Satimo StarLab far field mea-surement system Simulated and measured 11987811 against thefrequency for the two working states are shown in Figure 5Type of the PIN diode is selected as Philips BAP64-03 whilethe DC bias current is supplied by two AAA batteries Thefiltering antenna successfully changes its working states towiden the bandwidth by nearly 80MHz (230) for 24GHzWLAN and 49MHz for 52GHz WLAN The measuredresults show that the presented filtering antenna providesgood selectivity and out-of-band rejection

Measured radiation patterns for the proposed filteringantenna system in the 119909-119911 119910-119911 and 119909-119910 planes are shownin Figure 6 which is conducted at 2400 and 5000MHzfor state1 as well as 2450 and 5200MHz for state2 For allthe different frequencies for the two working states themeasured radiation patterns are dipole-like which are nearlyomnidirectional in the azimuth plane for the two bands

4 Conclusion

In this paper a small-size dual-band filtering antenna incor-porating the PIN diode is proposed The presented filteringantenna system is printed on the low-cost substrate and occu-pies a total size of 20 times 27mm2 Through the incorporationof the PIN diode the bandwidth of the filtering antennais increased by nearly 230 for 24GHz WLAN coveringthe dual-band 24552 GHz WLAN operation Performanceof the filtering antenna system is promoted through theoptimization of the impedance between the filter and themonopole antenna In addition by directly connecting the

antenna and the filter the mismatch loss is greatly reducedAccording to the measured results the proposed filteringantenna system has good selectivity and out-of-band rejec-tion which prove that the filtering antenna is applicable forthe RF front end for modern wireless systems

Conflict of Interests

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interestsregarding the publication of this paper

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation (61303227) and Fundamental Research Funds forthe Central Universities (XDJK2014C039)

References

[1] Y Yusuf H T Cheng and X Gong ldquoCo-designed substrate-integrated waveguide filters with patch antennasrdquo IET Micro-waves Antennas amp Propagation vol 7 no 7 pp 493ndash501 2013

[2] C-T Chuang and S-J Chung ldquoSynthesis and design of a newprinted filtering antennardquo IEEE Transactions on Antennas andPropagation vol 59 no 3 pp 1036ndash1042 2011

[3] W-J Wu Y-Z Yin S-L Zuo Z-Y Zhang and J-J Xie ldquoA newcompact filter-antenna for modern wireless communicationsystemsrdquo IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters vol10 pp 1131ndash1134 2011

[4] M Troubat S Bila M Thevenot et al ldquoMutual synthesis ofcombined microwave circuits applied to the design of a filter-antenna subsystemrdquo IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theoryand Techniques vol 55 no 6 pp 1182ndash1189 2007

[5] J Zuo X Chen G Han L Li and W Zhang ldquoAn integratedapproach to RF antenna-filter co-designrdquo IEEE Antennas andWireless Propagation Letters vol 8 pp 141ndash144 2009

[6] C-K Lin and S-J Chung ldquoA compact filtering microstripantenna with quasi-elliptic broadside antenna gain responserdquoIEEEAntennas andWireless Propagation Letters vol 10 pp 381ndash384 2011

[7] Y Yusuf H Cheng and X Gong ldquoA seamless integration of3-D vertical filters with highly efficient slot antennasrdquo IEEETransactions on Antennas and Propagation vol 59 no 11 pp4016ndash4022 2011

[8] C-T Chuang and S-J Chung ldquoA compact printed filteringantenna using a ground-intruded coupled line resonatorrdquo IEEETransactions on Antennas and Propagation vol 59 no 10 pp3630ndash3637 2011

[9] S W Wong and L Zhu ldquoEBG-embedded multiple-mode res-onator for UWB bandpass filter with improved upper-stopbandperformancerdquo IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Let-ters vol 17 no 6 pp 421ndash423 2007

[10] A I Abunjaileh I C Hunter and A H Kemp ldquoApplicationof dual-mode filter techniques to the broadband matchingof microstrip patch antennasrdquo IET Microwaves Antennas andPropagation vol 1 no 2 pp 273ndash276 2007

[11] L Liu Y Z Yin C Jie J P Xiong and Z Cui ldquoA compactprinted antenna using slot-type CSRR for 52 GHz58 GHzband-notched UWB applicationrdquoMicrowave and Optical Tech-nology Letters vol 50 no 12 pp 3239ndash3242 2008


[12] D Jiang Y Xu R Xu and W Lin ldquoCompact dual-bandnotched UWB planar monopole antenna with modified CSRRrdquoElectronics Letters vol 48 no 20 pp 1250ndash1252 2012

[13] S Nikolaou N D Kingsley G E Ponchak J Papapolymerouand M M Tentzeris ldquoUWB elliptical monopoles with a recon-figurable band notch using MEMS switches actuated withoutbias linesrdquo IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation vol57 no 8 pp 2242ndash2251 2009

[14] Y Li Z Zhang W Chen Z Feng and M F Iskander ldquoASwitchable matching circuit for compact wideband antennadesignsrdquo IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation vol58 no 11 pp 3450ndash3457 2010

[15] Y Tawk J Costantine K Avery and C G ChristodoulouldquoImplementation of a cognitive radio front-end using rotat-able controlled reconfigurable antennasrdquo IEEE Transactions onAntennas and Propagation vol 59 no 5 pp 1773ndash1778 2011

[16] Q-QHe andB-ZWang ldquoPattern reconfigurable double foldedslot antenna with background conductorrdquo Electronics Lettersvol 43 no 15 pp 791ndash792 2007

[17] X-S Yang B-ZWangWWu and S Xiao ldquoYagi patch antennawith dual-band and pattern reconfigurable characteristicsrdquoIEEE Antennas andWireless Propagation Letters vol 6 pp 168ndash171 2007

[18] G-M Zhang J-S Hong B-Z Wang G Song and P LildquoDesign and time-domain analysis for a novel pattern recon-figurable antennardquo IEEE Antennas and Wireless PropagationLetters vol 10 pp 365ndash368 2011

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawi Publishing Corporationhttpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014

RoboticsJournal of

Hindawi Publishing Corporationhttpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014


Active and Passive Electronic Components

Control Scienceand Engineering

Journal of



RotatingMachinery


Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom

Journal ofEngineeringVolume 2014

Submit your manuscripts athttpwwwhindawicom

VLSI Design



Shock and Vibration


Civil EngineeringAdvances in

Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in



Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of

Advances inOptoElectronics


Volume 2014

The Scientific World JournalHindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014

SensorsJournal of


Modelling amp Simulation in EngineeringHindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014


Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and

Propagation




Navigation and Observation



DistributedSensor Networks



thick Rogers 4003 as system circuit board

164

106

20

Resonator 1

Resonator 2

Resonator 3

PIN diode0508mm

120576r = 35

(a)

L1 L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

L7

S2

S6

S4

S3

S5

S1

PIN diode

(b)

Figure 1 The proposed filtering antenna configuration (a) Geometry of the dual-band filtering antenna (b) Detailed dimensions of thefiltering antenna (1198711 = 5 1198712 = 106 1198713 = 185 1198714 = 12 1198715 = 16 1198716 = 105 1198717 = 89 1198781 = 1 1198782 = 26 1198783 = 5 1198784 = 1 1198785 = 18 1198786 = 52)All dimensions are in millimeters

00 02 04 06 08 10

0025

0020

0015

0010

0005

0000

Cou

plin

g co

effici

ent

S

Figure 2 Coupling coefficient 119896 as a function of the distancebetween resonator 1 and resonator 2

Table 1 Comparison of the sizes of the filtering antenna

Referencenumber Total size Operating bands Type of the

substrate[1] 129 times 65mm2 X-band Rogers 5880[2] 60 times 60mm2 24GWLAN Rogers 4003[3] 30 times 45mm2 24GWLAN 120576

119903= 265

[4] 109 times 109mm2 Ku-band 120576119903= 254

[5] 30 times 20mm2 406sim426GHz[6] 18 times 20mm2 47sim52 GHz 120576

119903= 338

[7] 125 times 9mm2 10sim105 GHz 120576119903= 348

[8] 652 times 50mm2 24GWLAN 120576119903= 338

proposed The filtering antenna is integrated by a microstripdual-band band-pass filter and a simple monopole antennawhich is conducted by utilizing the synthesis approachWithout restricting the impedance between the filter and theantenna to 50Ω the performances of the filtering systemare promoted and the total loss of the filtering antenna isalmost the same as the filter insertion loss The presented

filtering antenna has a whole size of 27 times 20mm2 which ismuch smaller compared to the antenna referred to in [3] Towiden the bandwidth of the filtering antenna reconfigurabletechnology [14ndash18] has been applied which usually expandsthe bandwidth by combining different working states witha fixed size In particular the PIN diode is incorporatedin the filtering antenna system which covers the dual-band 24552 GHz WLAN by combining the two workingstates Fabrication of the printed filtering antenna is easyand of low cost while the integrated filtering antenna hasgood band-edge selectivity and flat antenna gain Measuredradiation characteristics of the proposed filtering antenna arepresented

2 Design of the Filtering Antenna

Figure 1 depicts the layout of the proposed integrated filteringantenna which is printed on a low-cost two-side printedsubstrate with relative dielectric constant of 35 and a thick-ness of 0508mmThe filtering antenna system includes threeresonators of high 119876 values and one monopole antenna Thedual-band filtering antenna has a total size of 27 times 20mm2which is realized due to the introduction of the PIN diodeand is quite promising for wireless communication systemsNote that the dual-band band-pass filter is directly connectedto the antenna and the mismatch loss is correspondinglyreduced

21 Synthesis of the Dual-Band Filtering Antenna A two-pole dual-band band-pass filter with a bandwidth of 30MHzwith centre frequency at 245GHz and 435MHz with centrefrequency at 52 GHz is synthesized according to the dual-band filter synthesis technique [2] The dual-band filterconsisting of three stepped impedance resonators is printedon the 0508mm Rogers 4003 substrate The value of thecoupling coefficients 11989612 between resonator 1 and resonator 2is 002 while the value of the external quality factors is 5307


(dB)

0

minus10

minus20

minus30

Frequency (GHz)20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60


PIN diode

(a)

(b)


S11

(dB)

0

minus10

minus20

minus30

Frequency (GHz)20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60


SimulatedMeasured

(a)

S11

(dB)

0

minus10

minus20

minus30

Frequency (GHz)20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60

SimulatedMeasured





|119896| =

100381610038161003816100381610038161003816100381610038161003816

1198912

1minus 1198912

2

1198912

1+ 1198912

2

100381610038161003816100381610038161003816100381610038161003816

(1)





10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(a)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(b)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(c)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(d)









4 Conclusion





Acknowledgments


References






















RoboticsJournal of





Journal of



RotatingMachinery





VLSI Design



Shock and Vibration







Journal of



Volume 2014


SensorsJournal of





Propagation










(dB)

0

minus10

minus20

minus30

Frequency (GHz)20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60


PIN diode

(a)

(b)


S11

(dB)

0

minus10

minus20

minus30

Frequency (GHz)20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60


SimulatedMeasured

(a)

S11

(dB)

0

minus10

minus20

minus30

Frequency (GHz)20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60

SimulatedMeasured





|119896| =

100381610038161003816100381610038161003816100381610038161003816

1198912

1minus 1198912

2

1198912

1+ 1198912

2

100381610038161003816100381610038161003816100381610038161003816

(1)





10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(a)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(b)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(c)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(d)









4 Conclusion





Acknowledgments


References






















RoboticsJournal of





Journal of



RotatingMachinery





VLSI Design



Shock and Vibration







Journal of



Volume 2014


SensorsJournal of





Propagation










10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(a)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(b)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(c)

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

10

0

minus10

minus10

minus20

minus30

minus40

minus30

minus20

0

10

90

45

0

315

270

225

180

135

(d)









4 Conclusion





Acknowledgments


References






















RoboticsJournal of





Journal of



RotatingMachinery





VLSI Design



Shock and Vibration







Journal of



Volume 2014


SensorsJournal of





Propagation














4 Conclusion





Acknowledgments


References






















RoboticsJournal of





Journal of



RotatingMachinery





VLSI Design



Shock and Vibration







Journal of



Volume 2014


SensorsJournal of





Propagation



















RoboticsJournal of





Journal of



RotatingMachinery





VLSI Design



Shock and Vibration







Journal of



Volume 2014


SensorsJournal of





Propagation









a codesigned compact dual-band filtering antenna with pin

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