a brand new wireless day · 2009-02-18 · yrules of sharing available resources ... dynamic...
TRANSCRIPT
Jan M. Rabaey, Jan M. Rabaey, E. Alon, A. Niknejad, B. Nikolic, J. Wawrzynek, P. Wright, R. BrE. Alon, A. Niknejad, B. Nikolic, J. Wawrzynek, P. Wright, R. Brodersenodersen
Scientific Co-Directors Berkeley Wireless Research Center (BWRC)University of California at Berkeley
A Brand New Wireless DayA Brand New Wireless DayThe Second Decade of BWRCThe Second Decade of BWRC
BEARS 2009, BEARS 2009, February 12, 2008February 12, 2008
Ultra-low Power Wireless60 GHz CMOS Wireless
Pulse-Based UWB Cognitive Radio
Real-time Prototyping
A Decade of ImpactA Decade of Impact
Start-up companies, numerous best paper awards, alumni’s as leaders in the wireless industry and academia
BWRC –
Quo Vadis?
5 Billion people to be connected by 2015 (Source: NSN)7 trillion wireless devices serving 7 billion people in 2017 (Source: WWRF)
1000 wireless devices per person?
[Courtesy: Niko Kiukkonen, Nokia]
EE Times,January 07, 2008
Growth of Wireless to Continue Unabatedly!
The Birth of Societal IT Systems*: Looking Beyond the Devices
Complex collections of sensors, controllers, compute and storage nodes, and actuators that work
together to improve our daily lives
*Also known as SiS
7 trillion radios quickly run out of spectrum …Wireless is notoriously unreliableHeterogeneity causes incompatibilitiesMost devices energy-constrained
The “Aether-Plug”
−
A World with Unlimited Wireless Bandwidth and Always-On Coverage?
The fundamental problem of wireless:Forced interaction
Scarcity of spectrum and energy resources
Tech A
Tech B
Tech C
WL 1
WL 3
WL 2
Wireless Today!
Space
The “Aether-Plug”
−
A World with Unlimited Wireless Bandwidth and Always-On Coverage?
Combat interference through better utilization of resources
Pro-active coexistenceCollaboration
A Transformative Deployment Model :Spectrum as a Dynamically Tradable Commodity
The Connectivity-Brokerage Model
PS
D
Frequency
PU1
PU2
PU3
PU4
Sense spectral environment over wide bandwidthReliably detect primary users and/or interferersRules of sharing available resourcesFlexibility to adjust to changing circumstances Con
figur
able
arr
ay RF
RF
RF
Sensor(s)
Optimizer
Reconfigurable
Baseband
Cognitive terminal
First Experiment in Cognitive: TV Bands @ 700 MHz(IEEE 802.22)
Pro-active Coexistence
to Enable
Dynamic Spectrum Allocation
The Power ofCOLLABORATIONConventional mindset: Services compete!Adding terminals degrades user capacity
Working together leads to better capacity, coverage, efficiency
and/or reliability
Goal: Linear improvement in capacity with the number of users (Gupta/Kumar, Leveque/Tse)
Multi-hop mesh
CollaborativeMIMO
Connective Brokerage: Making Coexistence and Collaboration WorkFunctional entity that enables collection of terminals to transparently connect to backbone network or each other to perform set of services
A Technical as well as Economic Proposition
Tech C
Tech B
Tech A
RepositoryBrokerWL 1,2,3
Policies, Models
Space
Multi-disciplinary projectProposed as NSF ExpeditionIn collaboration with business school,providers and regulators
Ever Higher-Data Rates60 GHz Offers Plenty of Free Spectrum, but …• Restricted to Room Size• Takes Watts
Single-carrier LOS
Single-carrier Beamforming
Relaying and Distributed MIMO
Gigabits/sec for Mobiles?Energy-Efficient 60 GHz Personal Area Networking
Prototype 60 GHz LOS Transceiver
Simple modulation (2 PAM)High bandwidthLow complexity high-speed analogLow speed digital control/calibration
Simple modulation (2 PAM)High bandwidthLow complexity high-speed analogLow speed digital control/calibration
170mW TX mode; 138mW RX170mW TX mode; 138mW RX
Collaborative Wafer-Scale Radio1000s
of radios and antennas
on single or a stack of wafers •
Communication channels configurable in range and capacity •
Unprecedented opportunities in imaging
Challenges• On-chip antennas with high efficiency•
High-speed back-bone communication link•
Wide-area synchronization for collaborative communications
The Sensory Swarm “Adding senses to the Internet”
“Disappearing electronics”Low-costMiniature sizeSelf-contained from energy perspective
UCB PicoCube
UCB mm3
radio
True Immersion
Still out of reach
Example: Microscopic Wireless to Power Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMI)The Age of NeuroscienceBMI –
The Instrumentation of Neuroscience
• Learning about operation of the brain• Enabling advanced prosthetics•
Enabling innovative human-machine
interfaces
mm3
nodesremotely powereduWs to 1 mW
power budget
Rethinking the Meaning of ScalingTraditional scaling rules have minor impact in “Mobile and Sensory Swarm”…
Exponentially increasing number of (ultra-)small components
Driven byheterogeneousintegration ofinnovativetechnologies
Passive MEMS Components Provide Selectivityat ULP [Courtesy: N. Pletcher, UCB]
Mechanical Computing [Courtesy: C. Nguyen, UCB]
Relay-Based LogicCourtesy: E. Alon, UCB]