9.antiprotozoal drugs

BYBY

Dr. Dr. SAMINATHAN KAYAROHANAMSAMINATHAN KAYAROHANAM

M.PHARM, M.B.A, PhDM.PHARM, M.B.A, PhD

ANTIPROTOZOAL DRUGS

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NUM CONTENT SLIDE

1 INTRODUCTION TO ANTIPROTOZOAL INFECTIONS 4

2 WHO IS A PARASITE? 5

3 INTRODUCTION TO AMOEBA 6

4 CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIPROTOZOAL DRUGS 7 ,8

5 THE COURSE OF AMOEBIASIS DUE TO ENTAMOEBA ISTOLYTICA

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6 LIFE CYCLE OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA 10

7 LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIAL PARASITE 11,12

8 TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF MALARIA 13

9 ACTION OF CHLOROQUINE ON THE FORMATION OF HEMOZOIN BY PLASMODIUM SPECIES

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10 ADVERSE EFFECTS OF METRONIDAZOLE AND CHLOROQUINE

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LEARNING OUTCOME

1. Able to understand the infectious diseases of parasite.

2. Able to list the classification of antiprotozoal drugs .

3. Able to describe the life cycle of Entamoeba Histolytica and life cycle of malarial parasite

4. Abele to demonstrate the general mechanism of antiprotozoal drugs .

5. Able to understand the adverse effect of metronidazole and chloroquine.

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Predator. “An organism that eats more than one other organism (animal) during its life.” Usually larger than prey (exception: social predators).

Parasite. “An organism that lives at the expense of another (host), which it does not usually kill.” Usually smaller than host.

Parasitoid. “A parasite that kills its host.” Usually smaller than host.

1. INTRODUCTION TO ANTIPROTOZOAL INFECTIONS

44 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

2.WHO IS A PARASITE?

Parasites are usually much smaller than their hosts, they also do not kill before they eat.


3.INTRODUCTION TO AMOEBA

Entamoeba histolyticaAmoebic dysentery

Naegleriaprimary amoebic

meningoencephalitisAcanthamoeba

contact lens contaminant

6 Figure 12.18a

• Protozoa with no truly defined shape • Move and acquire food through the use of

pseudopodia• Found in water sources throughout the

world• Few cause disease6 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

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4. CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIPROTOZOAL DRUGS


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4.PRINCIPAL PROTOZOAL INFECTIONS AND COMMON DRUG TREATMENTS

8Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

5.THE COURSE OF AMOEBIASIS DUE TO ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA


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6.LIFE CYCLE OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA


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7.LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIAL PARASITE


Figure 12.19

Infected mosquito bites human; sporozoites migrate through bloodstream to liver of human

Sporozoites undergo schizogony in liver cell; merozoites are produced

Merozoites released into bloodsteam from liver may infect new red blood cells

Merozoites are released when red blood cell ruptures; some merozoites infect new red blood cells, and some develop into male and female gametocytes

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Asexual reproduction

Intermediate host

Merozoite develops into ring stage in red blood cell

Ringstage

Merozoites

Another mosquito bites infected human and ingests gametocytes

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5 Ring stage grows and divides, producing merozoites

Definitive host

In mosquito’s digestive tract, gametocytes unite to form zygote

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Male gametocyte

Female gametocyte

Zygote

Sexualreproduction

Resulting sporozoites migrate to salivary glands of mosquito

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Sporozoites in salivary gland

7.LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIAL PARASITE


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8.TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF MALARIA


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9.ACTION OF CHLOROQUINE ON THE FORMATION OF HEMOZOIN BY PLASMODIUM SPECIES


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ADVERSE EFFECTS OF METRONIDAZOLE ADVERSE EFFECTS

CHLOROQUINE

10.ADVERSE EFFECTS OF METRONIDAZOLE AND CHLOROQUINE


9.antiprotozoal drugs

Health & Medicine

antiprotozoal infections

merozoites definitive

phd antiprotozoal drugs

liver cell merozoites

new red blood cells

entamoeba istolytica

liver of human sporozoites

female gametocytes