Communities Putting Prevention to Work

The increasingly significant role of parks and public spaces in addressing health issues

Presenters

• Lillian Rivera RN, MSN, PhD – Administrator, Miami-Dade County Health Department

• Maria I. Nardi, Chief, Planning and Research Division, Miami-Dade County Park and Recreation Department

• Joe Webb, RLA, Planning Section Supervisor, Planning and Research Division, Miami-Dade County Park and Recreation Department

• John Bowers, AICP/RLA, Landscape Architect, Planning and Research

Presentation Outline

• Miami-Dade County Parks and Open Space System Master Plan

• Communities Putting Prevention to Work

• Parks System Access and Equity Study and Land Acquisition Strategy

• Questions and Discussion

The Miami-Dade County Parks and Open Space

System Master PlanCreating a 50 Year,

Unifying Vision for a Livable, Sustainable Miami-Dade County “Through the Parks

Window”

2008

Existing Developed Land and Permanent Conservation Lands

Developed Land

Conservation LandsPermanently Protected

2060 Developed Lands and Permanent Conservation Lands

Developed Land

Conservation LandsPermanently Protected

There is a Better WayCreating a 50 Year, Unifying Vision for a Livable, Sustainable Miami-Dade County “through the Parks Window”: Public Realm:1. Great Parks2. Great Public Spaces3. Great Natural and Cultural Areas 4. Great Greenways and Blueways5. Great Streets

Great Parks Are Accessible to Everyone, Regardless of Age or Ability…

providing a diverse and balanced system of passive and active recreational opportunities.

Walk for recreation, exercise, transportation; walk the dog

Ride a bike, skate Sit outside, read,

contemplate Play on a playground Play a game of catch,

frisbee Picnic, sun bathe Play pick-up sports Fish without a boat Attend a local arts

festival, concert or other special event

Locally, every resident should be able to:

Play organized indoor and outdoor competition sports

Exercise, attend classes/ lectures/ social functions

Swim recreationally or competitively in a pool

Paddle a canoe or kayak Go boating Go to the beach

Every resident should also be able to:

Great Public Spaces are Designed to Engage Residents…

providing diverse social, recreation and economic development opportunities.

Great Natural and Cultural Areas are Planned and Managed to Balance Access and Resource Protection…

protecting and enhancing the natural and cultural heritage of the region, as well as existing biological diversity, restoration and management actions.

Great Greenways and Blueways Connect Every Resident to Parks, Schools, Work and Shopping…

providing wildlife habitat, scenic vistas, recreation and transportation opportunities and providing urban form.

Western Greenway: Enhances the Rural

Character of the Area Helps Transition to

Farmland and the Everglades

Provides New Recreation Opportunities for all County Residents

Biscayne-Everglades Greenway

Great Streets Are Designed as Linear Parks…

connecting parks and neighborhoods through tree lined boulevards, parkways, and neighborhood streets that encourage people to walk, bicycle and live healthier lifestyles.

Tamiami Trail

SW 137 Ave SW 137 Ave

Equity Access Seamlessness Sustainability Beauty Multiple Benefits

South Florida Park Coalition CharterA Coalition of City, County, State and Federal Park Agencies in Miami-Dade County

Master PlanV i s i o n

Next Steps:

South Florida Park CoalitionShape Public Policy and Practices

Creating a 50 Year, Unifying Vision for a Livable, Sustainable Miami-Dade County “through the Parks Window”:

• Great Parks• Great Public Spaces• Great Natural and Cultural Areas • Great Greenways and Blueways• Great Streets

Presentation Outline

• Miami-Dade County Parks and Open Space System Master Plan

• Communities Putting Prevention to Work

• Parks System Access and Equity Study and Land Acquisition Strategy

• Questions and Discussion

Chronic Diseases

• Account for 75% of U.S. medical costs 1

• Responsible for 7 out of 10 deaths 2

• 45% of the population has at least 1 chronic disease• Are inequitably distributed across the population3

• Over 60% of Floridians are overweight or obese4

• Main risk factors: poor diet, physical inactivity and smoking

1. Anderson G. Chronic conditions: making the case for ongoing care. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University; 2004.

2. Kung HC, Hoyert DL, Xu JQ, Mursphy SL. Death:final data for 2005. National Vital Statistics Reports 2008; 56(10).

3. Kung HC, Hoyert DL, Xu JQ, Mursphy SL. Death:final data for 2005. National Vital Statistics Reports 2008; 56(10). National Center for Health Statistics.

Health, United States, 2007. With chartbook trends in the health of Americans. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2007.

4. Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Epidemiology, Florida BRFSS Survey

Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1985

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)

No Data <10% 10%–14%

Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1991

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%

Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1997

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20%

Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2005

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%

Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2010

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%

Transforming Public Health

• Alarming rates of chronic disease

• Public Health has typically focused on communicable diseases with biomedical interventions

• Key Findings:– Community based interventions could reduce

disease levels

Transforming Public HealthNational Prevention Strategy

American’s Plan for Health and Wellness

Communities Putting Prevention to Work Miami-Dade

• Purpose: Create healthier communities through sustainable, proven, population-based approaches

• Focus: Policy, Systems and Environmental Changes to combat obesity– Increasing access to healthy foods– Increasing opportunities for physical activity

• Making the places where people live, learn, work and play healthier

• Transforming health through coalitions and partnerships across sectors– Consortium for a Healthier Miami-Dade

Communities Putting Prevention to Work Miami-Dade

CPPW Community Action Goals:1. Enhance/Strengthen Consortium

2. Mass Media Campaign

3. Child Care Centers

4. Farm to School Nutrition

5. Physical Activity in Miami-Dade County Public School

6. Access and Consumption of Healthy Foods via Convenience Stores

7. Farmers’ Markets and Farm-to-Institution

8. Breastfeeding Practices and Facilities

9. Active Transportation and Recreation10. Safe Routes to School

11. Worksite Wellness

Active Transportation and Recreation

Goal 9: Increase active transportation and recreation through improvements in the built environment such as facilities, planning, zoning and transportation policies,as well as developing a county wide signage system.

• Physical inactivity is a primary contributor to 1/3 of adults being overweight and 1 in 6 children being obese. 5

• Regular physical activity can be easily achieved by running, walking, playing on playgrounds and actively commuting to work/school and helps maintain a healthy weight. 6

• Improving places to be active can result in a 25% increase in people who exercise 3 times a week.7

• Safe access to active transport (public transportation, bicycle facilities) and recreational facilities increases use and physical activity. 5

5. National Prevention Council, National Prevention Strategy. US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General, 2011.

6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009). Recommended strategies and measurements to prevent obesity in the United States. MMWR, 2009;

58(RR07):1-26.

7.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2002). Creating and Improving Access to Places for Physical Activity is strongly recommended to increase

physical activity.

Goal 9: Active Transportation and Recreation

City of Miami and North Miami• Bicycle facilities• Bicycle signage

Miami-Dade Parks and Recreation• Improvements in the built

environment through planning and community design

• Increasing access to parks and recreation facilities

Goal 9: Active Transportation and Recreation

City of Miami and City of North Miami

Change in Number of Bicycle Racks in the City of Miami since the Inception of CPPW, Miami-Dade County, 2010-2011

55

212

0

50

100

150

200

250

Before CPPW After CPPW

Tota

l

Change in Number of Bicycle Racks in the City of North Miami since the Inception of CPPW, Miami-Dade County, 2010-2011

21

101

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Before CPPW After CPPW

To

tal

Goal 9: Active Transportation and Recreation

Miami-Dade County Parks and Recreation

• Urban Design Manual I Private Development)

• Urban Design Manual II (Civic Development)

• Vending Machine Policy• Park Structure and Landscape

Pattern Book• Park Access and Equity

Report

From this

To this

Presentation Outline

• Miami-Dade County Parks and Open Space System Master Plan

• Communities Putting Prevention to Work

• Parks System Access and Equity Study and Land Acquisition Strategy

• Questions and Discussion

Park and Recreation DepartmentTransforming broad vision into implementable actions

• Based on OSMP Access Criteria

• Seeks to promote physical activity through recreation and active transportation

Access and Equity Analysis

Research & Analysis

• Demographics

• Health & Safety Analysis

• Walkability and Bikeability

Demographics

• Age Distribution

• Education Level Attained

• Median Household

Income

• Per Capita Income

• Single Family

Households

Age Distribution

Education Level Attained

MedianHousehold

Income

Per Capita Income

Health & Safety Data

• Health Demographics

• Identification of areas of Health Disparity

• Bicycle & Pedestrian Accident Locations

Cardiovascular Mortality

Infant Mortality

Low Birth Weight

Single Family Households

Bicycle & Pedestrian Accidents

• Based on OSMP principles of livability and sustainability

• Access to Parks should not require a car – walkable and bikeable

• By Activity Type• Divided into Local and

Regional• Promotes physical activity

and more equitable access to recreation

Increase Access to Recreation

• Walksheds and Bikesheds based on Federal Transit Administration study of peoples willingness to travel 10 minutes

Average walking speed of 3.3 miles per hour

Average biking speed of 8.6 miles per hour

Active Transport to Parks

• GIS Network Analyst used to define true access based on street network

Accounts for disconnected street network as well as natural and man made barriers

Regional Parks

• Identify Gaps in

Service

• Acquisition target

areas

Local Parks

walksheds

Local Parks Analysis by neighborhood

Local Parks

• Identification of Gaps in Service by neighborhood

• Acquisition target areas

Identification of Neighborhoods with Gaps in Service

Acquisition

Enhanced service through design interventions

5 Focus Areas

• Areas of Health Disparity

• Areas with Gaps in Service

• North/South geographic distribution

Focus Area StudiesPotential Acquisitions

Purchase

Easements

Partnerships

Design Interventions

Safe Routes

Street Crossings / Intersections

Bridges

Wayfinding

Land Acquisition Strategy Plan

• A Strategy for Implementing a new vision of parks as a part of livable Miami-Dade County and addressing the relevant needs of the community

Acquisition Strategy• Focus on Target Gap Areas of greatest need• Maximize service to existing parks through design interventions• Maximize recreation access at other County and public entity

properties through easements and joint use agreements

• Buy land

– Local Parks

– Population Based Regional Parks

– By Activity Type

– Resource-Based Regional Parks

• Natural, Cultural and Historical

Targeting Gap Areas of highest need

• Gaps in Service

• Gap Size

• Health Disparity

• Available Funding

• Complimentary Public

Program or Agency

Maximize Access to Existing Parks Through Design Interventions

• Develop pedestrian access points

• Build a pedestrian bridge over canal

• Install a sidewalk

• Intersection Improvements

• Bicycle Lanes

TransitionSafe Route to Park

Develop Pedestrian

Access Point

Develop Bicycle Lanes, and

additional Bus RouteIntersection

Improvements

Kendall Indian Hammocks Park

Interventions will result in a 50% increase in walkable park service

Maximize Open Space on Existing Publically-Owned Properties

• Easements

• Joint-Use Agreements with Schools

• Transfer of Existing County Properties

Existing County Properties

• First Step

• Identify and Target

Existing County

Properties

• Potential Transfer

to Parks Dept.

Schools

• Develop Joint-Use Agreements with Schools

• Programming Partnerships

• Shared Use of Open Space

Buy LandIndentify Vacant and Distressed properties in Gap Areas

Target Area for Acquisition

Detailed Analysis at Neighborhood Scale

• Gaps in Service within Neighborhoods

• Identify Vacant and Distressed Properties

• Analysis of any other site that meet criteria for park acquisition

Evaluate Potential Sites Based on Acquisition Criteria

Target Priority Site for Acquisition

• Initiate Acquisition Process• Initial Property Research

• Contact Owner(s) to Confirm Willingness to Sell

Park and Recreation Department

Creating a 50 Year, Unifying Vision for a Livable, Sustainable Miami-Dade County “through the Parks Window”:

• Great Parks• Great Public Spaces• Great Natural and Cultural Areas • Great Greenways and Blueways• Great Streets

From this

To this

Presentation Outline

• Miami-Dade County Parks and Open Space System Master Plan

• Communities Putting Prevention to Work

• Parks System Access and Equity Study and Land Acquisition Strategy

• Questions and Discussion

Communities Putting Prevention to Work

The increasingly significant role of parks and public spaces in addressing health issues