06 Electric power generation and utilisation (economics, policy, supplies, forecasts)

Power generation operation and control - 2nd

Some clarifications In the transient energy function96/02777 Parallel genetic algorithm for service restoration Inelectric power distribution systemsFukuyama, Y. et al., Elect. Power & Energy Systems, Feb. 1996, 18, (2),111-119.The paper develops a coarse-grain parallel genetic algorithm for solving aservice restoration problem in electric power distribution systems. Servicerestoration is performed to restore electricity for out-of-service areas.Developing effective service restoration procedures is a cost-effectiveapproach to improving service reliability and enhancing customer satisfac­tion. The main objective in service restoration procedures is to restore asmuch load as possible by transferring de-energized loads via networkreconfigurations to other supporting distribution feeders without violatingoperation and engineering constraints. Details of the parallel geneticalgorithm developed in this paper are described.

96/02778 Performance of a MHO retrof it channel with diago-nal electrode geometryChandra, A. et al., Energy ConversoMgmt., Mar. 1996, 37, (3), 311-317.The power generated by the proposed Indian MHO retrofit channel hasbeen evaluated under different operating conditions. Coal is used as aworking fuel, and the various properties of the combustion gases have beencalculated using a computer program based on the principle of Gibb's freeenergy. The effects of operating conditions, e.g, loading parameters, inputpressure and temperature, magnetic field, etc. on the output characteristichave been studied in detail, taking into account the various losses inside theMHO channel. Based on these studies, some optimum working conditionsfor the MHO retrofit channel have been suggested.

96/02779Edit/onWood, A. J. and Wollenberg, B. Joh n Wiley & Sons, Boffins Lane,Chichester, West Sussex, POl9 IU D, UK, £50.00, Mar. 1996,560 pp.The electric power industry is undergoing unprecedented change due toderegulation, open access to transmission systems and the start up of inde­pendent power producers. These changes have spurred many technicalissues that affect the business and market structure of the industry. Thissecond edition introduces modem techniques and practices in the powergeneration and transmission areas, placing a greater emphasis on the trans­mission network and its effects on power system operation.

96/02780 Power system dynamics and stabilityMachowski, J. et al., John Wiley & Sons , Baffins Lane, Chichester, WestSussex, P019 1UD, UK, £29.95, due Oct. 1996, 500 pp.Reflecting current interest, this book examines power system dynamics andstability from the system operation point of view. The authors take a com­prehensive approach as they consider the influence of outage analysis,multilevel frequency control, voltage and VAR control on power systemdynamic performance.

96/02781 Prediction of on-design and off-design perform-ance for a solid oxide fuel cell power moduleBessette, N. F. and Wepfer, W. J. Energy ConversoMgmt., Mar. 1996, 37,(3), 281-293.The paper ptesents a power or 's tack' model which accurately predicts on­design as well as off-design performance for a solid oxide fuel cell bundleor module. Most researchers have chosen simply to assume that the per­formance of multiple cells is just a linear extension of a single cells'performance. The paper shows that this assumption is incorrect and that theperformance of a single cell must be integrated into a power module modelto predict performance accurately. Also shows that, since module perform­ance is not a linear extension of single cell performance, off-design predic­tions are important, and the position of cell failure is critical as to whethera degraded module remains economically Viable.

96/02782 Reaping the benefits of privatizationIsles, J. MPS, Mode rn Power Systems, Nov. 1995, IS, (11), 37, 39, 41.Barking Power's 1000 MW combined cycle power station, the secondlargest independent power project in the UK, has now been officially inau­gurated. The event marks the culmination of nearly seven years work by aconsortium of companies. The station is owned and operated by BarkingPower Ltd., which is a joint venture between Thames Power Ltd and sub­sidiaries of the regional electricity companies.

96/02783 Sliding mode control of a static VAR controller forsynchronous generator stabilizationDash, P. K. et al., Elect . Power & Energy Sysrems, 1996, 18, (I ), 55-64.The paper deals with the design and evaluation of a variable-structurestabilizer for static VAR compensators using a sliding mode control tech­nique. The static VAR system plays an important role as a stability aid forsmall and large signal transient disturbances in an interconnected powersystem. A systematic procedure for selection of switching hyperplanes inthe design of variable-structure controllers is developed by using a geomet­ric approach known as projector theory. The sliding mode control of staticVAR controllers improves the transient response of the power system andprovides significant damping to the electromechanical oscillations of thesynchronous generator. Computer simulation results for a typical powersystem shows the effectiveness of a VSS static VAR stabilizer.

96/02784methodPai, M. A. et al., Elect. Power & Energy Systems, 1996, 18, (I), 65-72.The purpose of this paper is to clarify the evaluation of path dependentintegrals in the energy function method for stability analysis in powersystems. In the literature these are handled in an approximate mannerthrough straight line approximation leading to closed form analytic expres­sions of the energy functions. This may not always be accurate. Here it iscompared with the trapezoidal method of integration along the faultedtrajectory as originally proposed by Athay et al. The paper also emphasizessome tutorial aspects for explaining the PEBS and the BCU method.

96/02785 Southern African grid adjusts to hydro potentialMPS, Modern Power Systems, Dec. 1995, IS, (12), 19, 21-22.

Reports that it is expected that some 54,200 MW of hydro capacity will beadded to the Southern African Community countries and Zaire over thenext 10-15 years. This added capacity will, however, require furtehr devel­opment of the regional grid, which in tum will influence the control andresponse of the hydro generation installations.

96/02786 A sparse formulation and Implementation of thetransient energy function method for dynamic security analysisEjebe, G. C. et al., Elect. Power & Energy Systems, 1996, 18, (I), 3-9.A new solution for the Transient Energy Function (TEF) method of tran­sient stability analysis is presented. Its speed, robustness, unrestricted prob­lem size and adaptability to modelling fulfill requirements for productionuse. Major features are preservation of network structure, sparse matrixmethods, TEF analysis based on the controlling Unstable EquilibriumPoint (UEP), automatic variable step/order integration and a new UEPsolution. Extensive tests have been performed on large practical problems.

96/02787 Transmission and distribution in electricalengineeringBayliss, C. (ed.), Butterworth-Heinemann, Linacre House, Jordan Hill,Oxford OX2 3DP, UK, £75.00, Mar. 1995, 672 pp.The book provides a comprehensive treatment of all aspects of the theoryand practice encountered in the installation and design of transmission anddistribution systems for electrical power. It will assist the project engineerin correctly designing and specifying systems for a particular application.There is an easy to follow, practical introduction to each topic, and casestudies are used as illustrative examples of the theory in practice.

Economics, Policy, Supplies, Forecasts

96/02788 Application of customer-Interruption costs for opti-mum distribution planningMok, Y. L. and Chung, T. S. Energy, Mar. 1996, 21, (3), 157-164.The authors present a new methodology for obtaining optimum values ofthe integrated cost of utility investment with customer interruption in dis­tribution planning for electric power systems by determining the reliabilitycost and worth of the distribution system. Reliability cost refers to invest­ment cost of the utility in achieving a defined level of reliability. Reliabil­ity worth is the benefit gained by the utility consumer from an increase ofreliability. A computer program has been developed to determine compara­tive reliability indices for a typical distribution network. With the averageinterruption cost, outage duration, average disconnected load, cost data fordistribution equipment, etc. being known, the relation between reliabilitycosts, reliability worth and reliability at the specified load point areobtained.

96/02789 1998 challenges all aspects of meteringMeade, R. MPS, Modern Power Sysrems, Nov. 1995, IS, (11), 55-56.The introductionof full competition in electricity supply to all customers inthe UK brings challenges to those involved in metering the new supply.Discusses the commercial imperatives of the competitive market which hasyet to be fully matched to the technical possibilities.

96/02790 Competition and choice In the electricity IndustryHunt, S. and Shuttleworth, G. John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane, Chiches­ter, West Sussex, P01 9 1UD, UK, £45.00, Feb. 1996, 256 pp.Based on research carried out at National Economic Research Associatesfor many government and industry clients around the world, including: theUK, USA, European Community, China, Norway, Sweden, Venezuela andSpain, this is the first major and authoritative study of the changes takingplace in this vitally important sector. The book focuses on four problemscentral to the new competitive market in electricity: alternatives forrestructuring, transmission pricing, the development of spot markets andthe restructuring of contracts, and will be of interest to energy economistsworldwide.

96/02791 DeregUlation In the US promises good prospectsStein, H. MPS, Modern Power Systems, Nov. 1995, 15, (11), 19, 21, 23.Discusses the moves towards wheelin~ and utility unbundling in the USwhich makes the future look cosy for independent power producers. Der­egulation could also foster the growth of other new types of electricitycompanies.

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