Effect of hydrothermal treatment of caking propen-

Interphase interactions in oil agglomeration of salt

01 Solid fuels (preparation)

96/02374 Coal preparation - Automation and controlCouch, G. lEA Coal Research, Gemini House, 10-18 Putney Hill, LondonSWI5 6AA, £255.00 (non-member countries) £85.00 (member countries)Feb. 1996.Coal preparation and coal cleaning are playing an increasingly importantrole in the coal-to-electricity chain. Preparation and cleaning have tradi­tionally been necessary for most coking coals, and for those sized fractionsused in the domestic and industrial markets in many countries, but havebeen of less important for thermal coals. The report highlights recentprogress and shows, with examples, what is currently achievable.

96/02375 Coal preparation in China. Current situation andoutlookWu, S. Y. Aufbereit.-Tech., 1995, 36, (8), 353-356.Discusses the coal preparation industry in China, including requirements,output, and trends.

96/02376 Concurrent changes in aggregation and swelling ofcoal particles In solventsNishioka, M. Prepr. Pap-Am. Chern. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem., 1995, 40,(3), 407-410.The paper describes the development of a new method of coal swellingunder the condition of low coal concentration with continuous mixing ofcoal and solvent. The change in particle size distributions by a laser scatter­ing procedure was used for the evaluation of coal swelling. Particle sizedistributions in good and poor solvents were nearly equal but reversiblychanged in good solvents from time to time.

96/02377 Contribution of the Institute of Fuel Beneficiation todevelopment of technology for coals beneficiationMolyavko, A. R. Ugol', 1995, (6), 60-63. (In Russian)The paper presents the condition and tendency of coal preparation develop­ment in Russia. Specifications of advanced equipment are given. Models tobe used for improvement of existent preparation plants and plants underconstruction are described.

96/02378 Contribution of the Research Institute of Beneficia­tion of Solid Fuel to the development of beneficiation and bri­que"ing of coalsMocyavko, A. R. Ugol', 1995, (3), 59-60. (In Russian)

96/02379 Effect of catalyst impregnation conditions and coalcleaning on caking and gasification of Illinois No.6 coalMcCormick, R. L. and Jha, M. C. Energy Fuels, 1995,9, (6),1043-1050.The paper discusses the effect of catalyst impregnation conditions on activ­ity of Ca, Na, and Na + Ca composite catalysts for swelling reduction andgasification of Illinois No.6 coal.

96/02380 The effect of coal beneficiation and swelling on liq-uefaction behavior of Black Thunder coalBrannan, C. J. et al., Fuel Process. Technol., 1995, 45, (1), 53-67.Discusses the effects of aqueous S02 coal treatment, coal swelling sol­vents, and catalyst precursors on subbiturninous coal liquefaction.

96/02381sity of coalMukherjee, D. K. et al., Fuel, Mar. 1996, 75, (4), 477-482.The development of caking propensity in a non-caking coal under hydro­thermal conditions has been studied, using water up to 400°C under autog­enous pressure. Although it was not possible to obtain uniformdevelopment of caking propensity or to isolate a product with upgradedcaking capacity without in situ agglomeration, hydrothermal treatment pro­moted the formation of a coke-like mass. The role of water near its criticaltemperature in incipient hydrogenation was observed. Comparison with thenormal coalification track provided apparent reasons for the observed lim­ited development of caking propensity in the coal used. The overall effectappears to be the resultant of deoxygenation or dehydroxylation, hydrogen­ation and polymerization reactions that may be coal-specific.

96/02382 Effectiveness of coking additives in cokingcharges of different compositionsMuchnik, D. A. Koks Khim., 1995, (1), 10-12. (In Russian)Discusses the effect of coal charge composition, i.e, the concentrations ofgas, fat, and lean coking coals on the effectiveness of a coal tar basedcoking additive.

96/02383 Effects of macerals and rank on coal morphologyand reactivityZhang, X. et al., Huazhong Ligong Daxue Xuebao, 1995, 23, (5),109-112. (In Chinese)The grey correlation model is used to analyze the effects of macerals andrank on the reactivity and morphology of coal and the corresponding char.The reactivity is studied by the combustion characteristics measured with aTGA apparatus.

172 Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1996

96/02384 Extraction of Assam coal through stepwise alkalitreatment under ambient pressure conditionsSharma, D. K. and Singh, S. K. Fuel Process. Technol., 1995, 45, (1),11-25.Describes the development of a process for the stepwise alkali treatment ofcoal under mild conditions using phenol as a solvent. About 70% of Assamcoal was rendered extractable through three alkali treatment steps in hotphenol followed by quinoline extraction at each step. The stepwise alkalitreatment of Assam coal alternately in Tetralin followed by that in phenolrendered 56% coal extractable. Stepwise alkali treatment of coal could beof considerable interest for structural studies on coal.

96/02385 The graphical representation of ash liberation Inmilled coalAustin, L. G. Chern. Eng. J. (Lausanne), 1995, 59, (1), 23-3l.Describes a technique for calculating the liberation function from datawhere float-sink analysis can be used to separate different compositionsand shows how the results can be represented graphically. Various sizefractions of a hammer-milled coal and the same coal ground in a ball millwere used to determine the function for each size.

96/02386 Heavy media cyclones: Is bigger be"er?Laurila, M. 1. Coal, Mar. 1996, 101, (3), 27-28.Reports that for several years, heavy media cyclones have been replacingDeister tables and, to a lesser extent, water-only cyclones as the circuit ofchoice for processing intermediate-size coal. So much so that the concen­trating table is fast becoming a relic in coal preparation.

96/02387 Hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene overMo-based dispersed catalystsCooke, W. S. et al., Prepr. Pap-Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem., 1995,40, (3), 599-603.Presents a study of hydrodesulphurization and hydrocracking activity andselectivity of Mo, Co and Fe-containing catalysts using dibenzothiopheneas a model coal compound.

96/02388 Improvement of the flotation efficiency of coalswith a low degree of metamorphismSavinchuk, L. G. and Medyanik, N. L. Koks Khim., 1995, (2), 2-4. (InRussian)Based on experimental studies, a heteropolar reagent, FOAS, was recom­mended for industrial testing. The reagent is a multicomponent mixturewith complex esters of phthalic acid as main components.

96/02389 Influence of binary swelling solvents: Mechanismof actionDing, R. et ai., Prepr. Pap.-Am. Chern. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem., 1995,40,(3), 590-594.The paper addresses the dramatic up-take of a poor swelling solvent incoals when such a solvent is spiked with varous amounts of the strongswelling solvent, pyridine. The unexpected up-take can be explained interms of four different processes.

96/02390coalsChendrik, T. G. and Beletsky, V. S. Ekotekhnol. Resursosberezhenie,1995, (1), 12-16. (In Russian)Describes the interaction between coal and petroleum atmosphere residue(mazut) in oil agglomeration by using XRD, EPR, and IR spectroscopy.Discusses the interaction of active sites of coal organic matter and oilagent, changes in their supramolecular structure, and leaching of water­soluble salts.

96/02391 Kinetics of agglomerate growth in a continuouscoal-oil purification processSkarvelakis, C. and Antonini, G. Powder Technol., 1995, 85, (2),135-14l.Describes the development of a continuous coal-oil agglomeration processin a pilot plant for continuous coal purification prior to coal-water slurrypreparation. The kinetics of agglomerate growth have been studied and amodel has been adopted for the continuous process. This model is in agood accordance with the model for a batch process. The particle sizedistribution after agglomeration has been predicted using a characteristiccurve. It also became possible to quantify the coal recovery after passingagglomerates over a given sieve-bend.

96/02392 Method for dewatering fine coal using a non-polar,hydrophobic liquidYoon, R. H. and Luttrell, G. H. (Assigned to) Center for InnovativeTechnology; Virginia Polytechnic Institute; Virginia Tech IntellectualProperties, US Pat. US.5,458,786, 1995.Describes a process where the fine coals are dewatered in an energy effi­cient process with non-polar liquids or a mixture of different hydrophobicliquids which are used to displace the water from the coal surface. Theprocess works with higher rank coals that are naturally hydrophobic so thatthe coal surface from which the water is displaced has a stronger affinityfor the hydrophobic liquid than the water. The process of dewatering bydisplacement is capable of achieving the same level of moisture reductionas thermal drying but at substantially lower energy costs.