U.S. Army Military History Institute WWII-ETO-Ardennes 950 Soldiers Drive Carlisle Barracks, PA 17013-5021 11 Aug 2012

BATTLE OF THE BULGE: THE ARDENNES CAMPAIGN

A Working Bibliography of MHI Sources CONTENTS General Sources.....p.1 Intelligence.....p.4 Other Special Aspects.....p.6 Bastogne.....p.9 Unit/Personal Perspectives: -Allied: --Above Division.....p.10 --Division.....p.10 --Below Division.....p.12 --Collective….p.14 -German: --General Sources.....p.14 --Foreign Military Studies.....p.16 Miscellaneous.....p.20 US Casualties…..p.21 GENERAL SOURCES Arnold, James R. Ardennes 1944: Hitler's Last Gamble in the West. London: Osprey, 1990. 96 p.

D756.5.A7.A76. Well-illustrated guide.

_____. The Battle of the Bulge. Wellingtonborough, England: Osprey, 2000. 96 p. D756.5.A7.A762. _____, et. al. Into the Reich: Battles on Germany’s Western Frontier 1944-1945. Osceola, WI: Osprey,

2002. 368 p. D756.A76. Astor, Gerald. “Victory in Defeat.” World War II (Dec 2004): p. 30-36 & 46. Per.

General survey of early phase of German assault. "Battle of the Bulge." Infantry (Nov/Dec 1984): pp. 2-5. Per.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.2 "Battle of the Bulge." Military Review (Dec 94-Jan/Feb 95): pp. 107-22. Per.

4 articles. Cirillo, Roger. Ardennes-Alsace. Brochure, CMH, 1994. 55 p. D756.5.A7.C57. Cole, Hugh M. The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge. In USAWWII series. Wash, DC: OCMH, 1965.

720 p. D769.A533v.3pt.7. Connell, J. M. The Ardennes: The Battle of the Bulge. London, England: Brassey’s, 2003. 128 p.

D756.5.A7.C655. Crookenden, Napier. Battle of the Bulge 1944. NY: Scribners, 1980. 160 p. D756.5A7C76. Cross, Robin. The Battle of the Bulge, 1944: Hitler’s Last Hope. Havertown, PA: Casemate, 2002.

176 p. D756.5.A7.C77. Davis, Franklin M., Jr. Breakthrough: The Epic Story of the Battle of the Bulge, the Greatest Pitched

Battle in America’s History. Derby, CT: Monarch, 1961. 159 p. D756.5.A7.D3. Draper, Theodore. "Battle in the Bulge." Infantry Journal (May 1945): pp. 8-17. Per. Dupuy, Trevor H., Bongard, David L., & Anderson, Richard C. Hitler’s Last Gamble: The Battle of the

Bulge, December 1944-January 1945. NY: HarperCollins, 1994. 565 p. D756.5.A7.D86. Dworschak, Thomas W. Hitler's "Watch on the Rhine": The Battle of the Bulge. Booklet, AUSA, 1992.

42 p. D756.5.A7.D88. Nice overview.

Eisenhower, John S. The Bitter Woods: The Dramatic Story, Told at all Echelons, from Supreme

Command to Squad Leader, of the Crisis that Shook the Western Coalition: Hitler's Surprise Ardennes Offensives. NY: Putnam's, 1969. 506 p. D756.5.A7.E4.

Elstob, Peter. Hitler's Last Offensive. NY: Macmillan, 1971. 413 p. D756.5.A7.E46. Forty, George. The Reich’s Last Gamble: The Ardennes Offensive, December 1944. London: Cassell,

2000. 352 p. D756.5.A7.F67. Glover, Michael. Battlefields of Northern France and the Low Countries. London: Guild, 1987.

240 p. D25.5.G56. Goldstein, Donald M., et al. Nuts! The Battle of the Bulge: Story and Photographs. Wash, DC:

Brassey's, 1994. 190 p. D756.5.A7.G65. Goolrick, William K. The Battle of the Bulge. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life, 1980. 1979. 208 p.

D756.5.A7.G77.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.3 Green, Michael & Gladys. Patton and the Battle of the Bulge. Osceola, WI: MBI, 1999. 160 p.

D756.5.A7.G729. Green, Michael, and Brown, James D., compilers. War Stories of the Battle of the Bulge. Minneapolis,

MN: Zenith, 2010. 314 p. D756.5.A7.G728. Gurley, Franklin L. “Policy Versus Strategy: The Defense of Strasbourg in Winter, 1944-45.”

Journal of Military History (Jul 1994): pp. 481-514. Per. Killblaine, Richard E. “A Christmas Present for Bastogne.” World War II (Sep 2003): pp. 36-38

&40-44. Per. Pathfinders who led the re-supply drop.

MacDonald, Charles B. A Time for Trumpets: The Untold Story of the Battle of the Bulge. NY:

Morrow, 1985. 712 p. D756.5.A7.M26. Focuses on individual situations and small-group actions. Orders of battles pp. 630-35.

Marriot, Peter. “Fight in the Forest.” Military Illustrated (Dec 2004): pp. 8-10, 12& 14-15. Per. Merriam, Robert E. The Battle of the Ardennes. London: Souvenir, 1958. 223 p. D756.5.A7.M4. _____. Dark December. Chicago: Davis, 1947. 236 p. D756.A7.M42. Neillands, Robin. The Battle for the Rhine: The Battle of the Bulge and the Ardennes Campaign, 1944.

NY: Overlook, 2007. 335 p. D756.5.A7.N46. Nelson, Dale R. “The Ardennes, 1944: The Defensive Battles.” MA thesis, CGSC, 1981. 201 p.

D756.5.A7.N47. Nobécourt, Jacques. Hitler's Last Gamble: The Battle of the Bulge. [Translated from the French by

R. H. Barry] NY: Schocken, 1969. 302 p. D756.5.A7.N632. Parker, Danny S. Battle of the Bulge: Hitler's Ardennes Offensive, 1944-45. Phila: Combined Books,

1991. 316 p. D756.5.A7.P37. Pergrin, David E. Engineering the Victory: The Battle of the Bulge, a History. Atglen, PA: Schiffer,

1996. 441 p. D756.5.A7.P46. Pimlott, John. Battle of the Bulge. NY: Galahad, 1981. 63 p. D756.5.A7.P55. Sears, Stephen W. The Battle of the Bulge. NY: Harper & Row, 1969. 153 p. D756.5.A7S4. Shrader, Charles R., editor. Reference Guide to United States Military History 1919-1945.

NY: Facts on File, 1994. pp. 231-33. E181.R44. Strawson, J.M. The Battle for the Ardennes. NY: Scribner's, 1972. 212 p. D756.5.A7.S77.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.4 Toland, John. Battle: The Story of the Bulge. NY: Random, 1959. 400 p. D756.5.A7.T6. Tolhurst, Michael. Bastgone: Battle of the Bulge. Barnsley, England: Leo Cooper, 2001. 160 p.

D756.5.A7.T65. Tsouras, Peter G., editor. Battle of the Bulge: Hitler’s Alternate Scenarios. [United States?]:

Military Book Club, [2004?]. 256 p. D756.5.A7.B382. Weintraub, Stanley. “Patton’s Last Christmas.” MHQ (Winter 2007): pp. 6-15. Per. Whiting, Charles. Ghost Front: The Ardennes before the Battle of the Bulge. Cambridge, MA:

DaCapo, 2002. 219 p. D756.5.A7.W47. _____. The Last Assault: Battle of the Bulge Reassessed. NY: Sarpedon, 1994. 238 p.

D756.5.A7.W54. Wijers, Hans J. The Battle of the Bulge. 2 vols. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole, 2009.

D756.5.A7.W557. Vol. 1 – The Losheim Gap/Holding the Line Vol. 2 – Hell at Bütgenbach/Sieze the Bridges

Zaloga, Steven J. Battle of the Ardennes 1944: St. Vith and the Northern Shoulder. Botley, England:

Osprey, 2003. 96 p. D756.5.A7.Z35. _____. The Battle of the Bulge. Hong Kong: Concord, 2001. 72 p. D756.5.A7.Z352. _____. Battle of the Bulge 1944 (2) Bastogne. Botley, England: Osprey, 2004. 96 p.

D765.5.A7.Z353. INTELLIGENCE Allied Forces 12th Army Group. Report of Operations (Final After Action Report). Vol. III.

Wiesbaden, Germany: 1948. pp.7-29. #02-12.1945. Austra, Kevin R. "The Battle of the Bulge: The Secret Offensive." Military Intelligence

(Jan/Mar 1991): pp. 26-33. Per. Argues that German security was better than US intelligence.

Baldwin, Hanson W. "Battlefield Intelligence: The Battle of the Bulge as a Case History." Combat

Forces Journal (Feb 1953): pp. 30-41. Per. Barth, William M. “Battle of the Bulge: Intelligence Lessons for Today.” AWC student paper, 1993.

38 p. Arch.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.5 Bennett, Ralph. Ultra in the West. London: Hutchinson, 1979. Chap 7. D756.5.N6.B44. Blanchette, C. Scott. “Re-examining the Battle of the Bulge: Assessing the Role of Strategic

Intelligence and Coalition Warfare against the 1944 Wehrmacht.” MS thesis, U North TX, 1998. 131 p. D756.5.A7.B53.

Deming, Dennis C. "German Deception in the Ardennes: Lessons for the Senior Leader." AWC

student paper, 1989. Arch. Allied reaction.

Dickson, B. A. “G-2 Estimates No. 37” Typescript, 30 Dec 1944. 4 p. D756.5.A7.U642. Dull, Harry L. "Post Mortem Writings on Indications of Ardennes Offensive, December 1944."

Photocopied typescript, USAWC, 17 Mar 1977. 44 p. SRH-112-ULTRAColl-Arch. Franco, Arnold. “In December 1944, a Small Radio Code-Breaking Unit Intercepted a Message That

Should Have Tipped Off SHAEF to the Battle of the Bulge Attack.” Military Heritage (Aug 2000): pp. 26 & 28-31. Per.

Hinsley, F.H., et al. British Intelligence in the Second World War: Its Influence on Strategy and

Operations. Vol. 3. Pt 2. NY: Cambridge, 1988. 1038 p. D810.S7.H49v3pt2. See Chap 52.

Hobar, Basil J. "The Ardennes 1944: Intelligence Failure or Deception Success?" Military Intelligence

(Oct/Dec 1984): pp. 8-16. Per. MacDonald, Charles B. A Time for Trumpets, cited above, Chaps 2-3. D756.5.A7.M26. Mendelsohn, John, editor. Covert Warfare. Vol. 17: The German View of Cover and Deception. NY:

Garland, 1988. ca 300 p. D810.S7.C66v17. Reprints 5 USAREUR Foreign Military Studies (#B-712, P-044a, b, c, and P-096) plus testimony of Skorzeny re Ardennes. See esp.#6, ca 150 p.

Rosengarten, Adolph G., Jr. "The Bulge: A Glimpse of Combat Intelligence." Military Review

(Jun 1961): pp. 29-33. Per. Thaden, Russell H. "Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield and Predictive Intelligence."

Military Intelligence (Jan/Mar 1989): pp. 16-22. Per. Uses two historical examples: Ardennes, 1944 & Manchuria, 1945.

Whiting, Charles. The March on London: Covert Operations in the Battle of the Bulge, December 1944.

London: Leo Cooper, 1996. 181 p. D805.G7.W45.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.6 OTHER SPECIAL ASPECTS "AAA vs. Luftwaffe: 1 January 1945." Coast Artillery Journal (Sep/Oct 1945): pp. 47-49. Per. The Ardennes Campaign Simulation Data Base (ACSDB): Final Report, February 1990. 2 vols.

Fairfax, VA: Data Memory Systems, 1990. D756.5.A7.A73. Baldwin. Wm C. "Engineers in the Battle of Bulge." Builders and Fighters. Ft Belvoir: Historical

Office, Corps of Engineers, 1992. pp. 451-62. D769.33.B85. Bell, Raymond E., Jr. “Military Police as Unsung Heroes of the Battle of the Bulge.” Military Police

(Fall 2012): pp. 34-35 & 46. Per. Bruning, John R. The Battle of the Bulge: The Photographic History of an American Triumph.

Minneapolis, MN: Zenith, 2009. 288 p. D756.5.A7.B78. Burne, Alfred H. "The Strategy of the Battle of the Ardennes." Military Review (Jun 1945): pp. 87-90.

Per. Cavanagh, William C.C. The Battle East of Elsenborn and the Twin Villages. Barnsley, England: Pen

& Sword, 2004. 192 p. D756.5.A7.C382. Cerami, Joseph R. "Kasserine, the Bulge and Air Land Battle--Changes in the Tactical Role of Corps

Artillery." Field Artillery (Oct 1989): pp. 16-22. Per. Clark, Lloyd. Crossing the Rhine: Breaking into Nazi Germany, 1944 and 1945: The Greatest

Airborne Battle in History. NY: Atlantic Monthly, 2008. 415 p. D763.N4.C522. See Chap. 8.

Dougherty, Kevin J. "Bastogne: Aerial Resupply of an Encircled Force." Army Logistician

(Nov/Dec 1993): pp. 25-27. Per. Fast, William R. "The German Ardennes Offensive: A Study in Retro-grade Logistics." Ordnance

(Feb 1988): pp. 51-56. Per. Felix, Charles R. Crossing the Sauer: A Memoir of World War II. Short Hills, NJ: Burford, 2002.

189 p. D811.F435. Garand, Geo W. "U.S. Army Medical Units during the German Counter-offensive in the Ardennes."

Draft chapter, n.d. 94 p. D756.5.A7.G37. Gaul, Roland. The Battle of the Bulge in Luxembourg: The Southern Flank, December 1944-January

1945. 2 vols. Atglen, PA: Schiffer, 1995. D756.5.A7.G3813.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.7 Hersko, Ralph E., Jr. “Winter Fury near Elsenborn Ridge.” World War II (Nov 1998):

pp. 34-40, 82 & 84. Per. Jesse, William R. “Bastogne: An Artillery Classic.” Field Artillery Journal (Dec 1945): pp. 718-20.

Per. Kievit, James O. Operational Art in the 1944 Ardennes Campaign. Thesis, CGSC, 1987. 44 p.

D756.5.A7.K53. Kutta, Timothy J. "Bodenplatte: Luftwaffe's Last Gasp." WWII (Jan 1995): pp. 35-40. Per.

Luftwaffe's surprise raid on Allied Airfields, 1 Jan 45. Leadbetter, Wyland F. "Engineer Combat Battalions in their Secondary Role as Infantry during the

Battle of the Bulge." In Military History Anthology. Ft Leavenworth: Combat Study Inst, 1984. pp. 157-96. D25.M53.

von Luttichau, Charles V. "The German Counteroffensive in the Ardennes." Command Decisions.

Wash, DC: GPO, 1960. pp. 443-57. D769.A533v13. Monfort, Eddy. La Bataille des Carrefours; Baraque de Fraiture-Manhay: Les Combattants

Radontent….Décembre 1944-Janvier 1945. Manhay, Belgium: Impribeau, 2005. 237 p. D756.5.A7.M66.

Morgan, Thomas D. “Lessons Learned from the Battle of the Bulge.” Army (Dec 2004): pp. 46-50.

Per. Munch, Paul G. "Patton's Staff and the Battle of the Bulge." Military Review (May 1990): pp. 46-54.

Per. Newark, Timothy. Where they Fell: A Walker's Guide to the Battlefields of the World. Hauppauge,

NY: Barron's, 2000. 160 p. D25.5.N49. North, John. "Guns and West Front Strategy." Military Affairs (Summer 1945): pp. 120-23. Per.

Uses Ardennes as example in conducting 24/7 ops. Parker, Danny S. "Ten Percent Chance of Victory." WWII (Jul 1992): pp. 47-52 & 62. Per.

Germany’s last airborne operation, Dec 44. Pearlman, Michael D. "The U.S. Third Army at the Battle of Bulge." In Combined Arms....

Ft Leavenworth: CGSC, 1992. pp. 131-38. U260.C66. Critical analysis of Allied counter-strategy.

Rawson, Andrew. Images of War: Battle of the Bulge: Rare Photographs from Wartime Archives.

Yorkshire, England: Pen & Sword, 2004. 112 p. D756.5.A7.R39. Reeves, Joseph R. "Artillery in the Ardennes." Field Artillery Journal (Mar 1946): pp. 138-42 &

173-84. Per.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.8 Rickard, John N. Advance and Destroy: Patton as Commander in the Bulge. Lexington, KY: U KY,

2011. 490 p. D756.5.A7.R53. Rusiecki, Stephen M. The Key to the Bulge: The Battle for Losheimergraben. Westport, CT: Praeger,

1996. 195 p. D756.5.A7.R87. Schrijvers, Peter. The Unknown Dead: Civilians in the Battle of the Bulge. Lexington, KY: U KY,

2005. 430 p. D797.B4.S3713. Thompson, Royce L. "Ardennes Campaign Statistics, 16 December 1944-19 January 1945." Study,

OCMH, 28 Apr 1952. 29 p. D756.5.A7.T5. U.S. Army. Strategic Air Forces in Europe. Office of the Director of Intell. Allied Air Power and the

Ardennes Offensive, 15 December 1944 - 16 January 1945. Photostat, 16 Mar 1945. 313 p. D756.5.A44.

U.S. Army CGSC. "United States British Ground Cooperation." Map exercise, Nov 1946. ca 50 p.,

maps. D756.5.A7.O85. During Ardennes Campaign.

Urbain, Eric. The Little Known Front: The Battle of the Bulge In the Communes of Libramont,

St. Hubert and Ste. Ode. 21 December 1944-14 January 1945. [Translated from the French by Lane Barton] Gonic, NH: Odyssey, 2006. 306 p. D756.5.A7.U7313.

Vannoy, Allyn R., & Karmales, Jay. Against the Panzers: United States Infantry Versus Tanks, 1944-

1945: A History of Eight Battles Told Through Diaries, Unit Histories, and Interviews. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1996. 352 p. D756.V36.

See Chaps. 7-9. Weintraub, Stanley. 11 Days in December: Christmas at the Bulge, 1944. NY: Free Pr, 2006. 203 p.

D756.5.A7.W45. Whipple, William. "Logistical Problems during the German Ardennes Offensive." Military Review

(May 1948): pp. 18-26. Per. Winter, George F. “Panthers’ Rampage in the Ardennes.” World War II (Nov 2005): pp. 26-32 & 80.

Per. Manhay.

Winton, Harold R. Corps Commanders of the Bulge: Six American Generals and Victory in the

Ardennes. Lawrence, KS: U KS, 2007. 504 p. D756.5.A7.W56. See also: -Bibliographies on Operations Greif & Operation Nordwind in Ardennes.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.9 BASTOGNE Arend, Guy F. The Battle of the Bulge: The Ardennes Offensive and the Siege of Bastogne. Bastogne,

Belgium: Nuts Museum, 196? 93 p. D756.5.A7.A72. Bell, William G. "Vital Statistics, 101st Airborne Division." Typed draft, OCMH, Wash, DC, 15 Jul

1957. #05-101.1957/2. Elstob, Peter. Bastogne: The Road Block. NY: Ballantine, 1968. 160 p. D756.5.A7.E45. Gordon, John. "The Gunners of Bastogne." Field Artillery Journal (Sep/Oct 1986): pp. 15-21. Per. Killblaine, Richard E. “A Christmas Present for Bastogne.” World War II (Sep 2003): pp. 36-38

& 40-44. Per. Pathfinders who led the re-supply drop.

MacKenzie, Fred. The Men of Bastogne. NY: McKay, 1968. 265 p. D756.5.A7.M27. Marshall, S.L.A. Bastogne. Wash, DC: Inf Jrnl, 1946. 261 p. D756.5.A7.M3. _____, et al. "Christmas Eve at Bastogne." Infantry Journal (Dec 1945): pp. 8-15. Per.

101st Airborne Division surrounded. McManus, John C. Alamo in the Ardennes: The Untold Story of the American Soldiers Who Made The

Defense of Bastogne Possible. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 296 p. D756.5.A7.M37.

Rapport, Leonard, & Northwood, Arthur, Jr. Rendezvous with Destiny: A History of the 101st Airborne

Division. Wash, DC: Infantry Journal, 1948. pp. 483-665. #05-101.1948. Stevenson, Charles S. "A Christmas Card from the General: Bastogne, 1944." Army (Dec 1975):

pp. 24-25. Per. Reproduces McAuliffe's holiday greetings, German surrender proposal & the reply.

U.S. Army. 101st Airborne Division. :History of the 101st Airborne Division, 1942-64.” Mimeo,

Ft Campbell, KY: 1964. pp. 42-65. #05-101.1964. Wilson, Wm. "The Hellfires of Bastogne." Army (Dec 1994): pp. 34-41. Per.

101st Airborne Division.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.10 ALLIED/UNIT/PERSONAL/PERSPECTIVE-Above Division Level Allied Forces. 12th Army Group. G-3. Report of Operations (Final After Action Report). Vol. 5.

Wiesbaden, Ger, 1948. 156 p. #02-12.1948v.5. See pp. 43-45 and Map VI.

De Lee, Nigel. Voices from the Battle of the Bulge. Cincinnati, OH: David & Charles, 2004. 288 p.

D756.5.A7.V65. Montgomery, Bernard L. Normandy to the Baltic: 21st Army Group. Germany: British Army of Rhine,

1946. 29 p. D759.2.21stM649. See Chap 15.

Morelock, Jerry D. “Generals of the Ardennes: Allied Command of Ground Operations in the Battle of

the Bulge, 16 December 1944-30 January 1945.” In World War II: Variants and Visions. Collingdale, PA: Diane, 1999. pp. 157-80. D756.5.A7.M67.

Quarrie, Bruce. The Ardennes Offensive: U.S. V Corps & XVIII (Airborne) Corps: Northern

Sector. Oxford, England: Osprey, 1999. 96 p. #03-1.1999. Reeves, Joseph R. "Artillery in the Ardennes." Field Artillery Journal (Mar 1946): pp. 138-42. Per.

First US Army Artillery U.S. Army. First Army. Report of Operations, 1 August 1944-22 February 1945. Vol. I. Paris, 1944.

pp. 99-149 & Maps 8-11. #03-1.1946v1. _____. Third Army. After Action Report: Third US Army, 1 August 1944-9 May 1945. Vol. 1.

Regensberg, Germany, 15 May 1945. pp. 153-249., maps. #03-3.1945/2v1. _____. The Armored School. "The Cavalry Group as an Economy Force: 4th Cavalry Group, 19-30

December 1944." Report, Officer Advanced Course, Committee 15, Ft Knox, KY: May 1950. 179 p. #05-4AR.1950/3.

ALLIED/UNIT/PERSONAL/PERSPECTIVE-Division Blunt, Roscoe C. Inside the Battle of the Bulge: A Private Comes of Age. Westport, CT: Praeger,

1994. 205 p. D756.5.A7.B57. Bressler, Howard E. "2d Armored Division in the Ardennes." Report, Advance Officers Class, Armored

School, 16 Apr 1948. U423.5.R32.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.11 Byers, Richard H. An Artilleryman’s Recollections of the Bulge. Mentor-on-the-Lake, OH: By the

Author, 1996. 72 p. D756.5.A7.B94. 99th Division.

Campbell, David R. Fighting Encircled: A Study in Leadership. Study, CMH, 1987. 119 p.

U167.5.E57.C35. Chap III on 106th Division.

Draper, Theodore. The 84th Infantry Division in the Battle of Germany, November 1944-May 1945.

NY: Viking, 1946. pp. 83-127. #05-84.1946. Dupuy, R. Ernest. St. Vith, Lion in the Way: The 106th Infantry Division in World War II. Wash, DC:

Inf Jrnl, 1949. 252 p. #05-106.1949. Fee, William W. With the Eleventh Armored Division in the Battle of the Bulge: A Retrospective Diary.

Silver Spring, MD: By the Author, 1999. 69 p. D756.5.A7.F44. Fontenot, Gregory. “The Lucky Seventh [Armored Division] in the Bulge: A Case Study for the

AirLand Battle.” Ft. Leavenworth, KS: CGSC, 1985. 218 p. D769.305.F65. Neill, George W. Infantry Soldier: Holding the Line at the Battle of the Bulge. Norman, OK: U OK,

332 p. D756.5.A7.N45. 99th Division.

U.S. Army Armor School. St Vith, Belgium, 17-23 Dec 1944: An Historical Example of Armor in the

Defensive. NORTHAG Terrain Study, Ft Knox, 1976. #05-7AR.1976. U.S. Army. The Armored School. "Armor under Adverse Conditions (2nd and 3rd Armored Division in

the Ardennes Campaign)." Report, Officer Advanced Course, Committee 3, Ft Knox, KY, Jun 1949. 74 p., 28 photo, maps. D756.5.A7.A75

U.S. Army. 82nd Airborne Division. "The Story of the 82d Airborne Division in the Battle of the Belgian

Bulge, in the Siegfried Line and on the Roer River." n.p., n.d. 32 p. #05-82.1945/4. U.S. War Dept. Special Staff. Office of the Inspector General. The Case of the Surrender-An

Investigation. Instructional text, 1947(?). 124 p. UB856.B72.A3. Case study of surrender by part of 106th Infantry Division, sanitized of actual names and units.

Wilson, Robert Ed. Papers. 1 Box. Arch.

Correspondence, personal documents & clippings; includes coverage of 106th Division, Ardennes, 1944-45.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.12 See also: -Personal Papers, Arch.

Notably those of Oscar Koch, Matthew Ridgway, Ernest Harmon, Alvan Gillem, Bruce Clarke, & Ferdinand Chesarek.

-Unit History Coll, UHRm. Includes items from most participating units, including the following US Divisions:

Armored: 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th & 7th. Infantry: 1st 2nd, 5th, 9th, 25th, 26th, 28th, 30th, 75th, 83rd, 84th, 87th, 99th & 106th. Airborne: 17th, 82nd & 101st.

-WWII Documents on microfilm. 4th Infantry Division: G-2 journal, Reels 2085-2087; G-3 Journal, Reels 2116-17. 9th Infantry Division: Reports, Reel 59. 82nd Airborne Division: G-2 journal, Reel 2014-2016; G-3, 2033-2034.

ALLIED/UNIT/PERSONAL/PERSPECTIVE-Below Division Anderson, R. F. “1st Canadian Parachute Battalion in the Ardennes: A Personal Account, 23 December

1944 to 26 February 1945.” Canadian Military History (Autumn 1999): pp. 59-68. Per. Anderson, Robert P. A Soldier's Tale, Bastogne, December 1944 : 150th Signal Company, 10th

Armored Division. Ranson Canyon, TX. : R.P. Anderson, c2000. 54 p. D756.5.A7.A64. "Battery B's Revenge." Coast Artillery Journal (Jul/Aug 1945): pp. 33-35. Per. Battle of the Bulge Historical Foundation. Collection of letters & clippings. Arch. Borows, Stephen D. "Clarke of St. Vith." MA thesis, U Louisville, 1984. 118 p. #305-7/CCB.1984a.

Combat Command B, 7th Armored Division, 16-23 Dec 1944. Bradlin, James W. "The Forgotten Pennsylvanians." Army (August 1987): pp. 62-67. Per.

A former platoon leader of the 110th Infantry Regiment, 28th Division, maintains that the unit's role in stopping the German Ardennes counter offensive has not received proper recognition.

Cain, Francis M. “The 111th Engineer Group in the Bulge: The Role of Engineers as Infantry in

Airland Battle.” Ft. Leavenworth, KS: CGSC, 1985. 63 p. #504-111.1985a. Calvert, Robert, Jr. "An Infantryman's Diary." Army (Dec 1994): pp. 42-47. Per.

By member Co C, 51st Armored Infantry, 4th Armored Division, 22 Dec 44-13 Jan 45. Dupuy, R. Ernest. "Parker's Crossroads." Infantry Journal (Apr 1948): pp. 14-16. Per.

Action of 589th Field Artillery Battalion, 106th Division.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.13 Ellis, William D., & Cunningham, Thomas J. Clarke of St. Vith: The Sergeants' General. Cleveland,

OH: Dillon/Liederbach, 1974. 344 p. U53.C6.E46. See index.

Finch, John R. "A Platoon's Heroic Stand at Lanzerath." In Combined Arms.... Ft. Leavenworth. KS:

CGSC, 1992. pp. 171-80. U260.C66. I&R Platoon, 394th Infantry, 99th Division, 16 Dec 44.

Hargreaves, Patrick. "With the Company Commander." After the Battle (No. 73, 1991): pp. 1-10.

Per. Charles B. MacDonald revisits sites of his WWII combat experiences.

Hechler, Ken. Holding the Line: The 51st Engineer Combat Battalion and the Battle of the Bulge,

December 1944-January 1945. Ft. Belvoir, DC: GPO, 1988. 66 p. #502-51.1988. Hill, Ralph G. Papers. 2 Boxes. Arch.

Correspondence & research materials re mistreatment of German POWs in Italy and re Battle of the Bulge, especially 106th Infantry Division, 7th Armored Division & 14th Cavalry Group.

Judge, D.J. "Cavalry in the Gap." Military Review (May 1993): pp. 53-67. Per.

14th Cavalry Group (18th & 32nd Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadrons), Dec 44. Kershaw, Alex. The Longest Winter: The Battle of the Bulge and the Epic Story of WWII’s Most

Decorated Platoon. NY: DaCapo, 2004. 326 p. D756.5.A7.K47. 394th Infantry Regiment, I&R Platoon.

McManus, John C. “Battle at the Crossroads Café.” World War II (Mar 2007): pp. 52-59. Per.

On the exact location of “an Alamo stand” by the 687th Field Artillery Battalion. McMillan, C. D. “Manchus at the Crossroads: Defending the Northern Shoulder of the Bulge.” AWC

student paper, 1987. 33 p. Arch. 9th Infantry Regiment.

Malinowski, Walt. Hitler’s “Bulge” Dream of Dunkirk II Exploded: Green GI’s and Vets on Elsenborn

Ridge and N. Shoulder Did It! Indiana, PA: Halldin, 1994. 55 p. D756.5.A7.M35. 99th Division.

Morelock, Jerry D. "Death in the Forest." Field Artillery Journal (Sep/Oct 1986): pp. 8-14. Per. "The Ninety-Ninth." Quartermaster Review (May/Jun 1945): pp. 23. Per.

99th Quartermaster Company. Orfalea, Gregory. Messengers of the Lost Battalion: The Heroic 551st and the Turning of the Tide at the

Battle of the Bulge. NY: Free Press, 1997. 408 p. D756.5.A7.O74. 551st Parachute Infantry Battalion.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.14 Raymond, Richard, III. "Parker's Crossroads: The Alamo Defense." Field Artillery (Aug 1993):

pp. 20-24. Per. 598th Field Artillery Battalion, Belgium, Dec 44.

Rivette, Donald E. "The Hot Corner at Dom Butgenbach." Infantry Journal (Oct 1945): pp. 19-23. Per. Ross, Kirk B. The Sky Men: A Parachute Rifle Company’s Story of the Battle of the Bulge and the

Jump across the Rhine. Atglen, PA: Schiffer, 2000. 462 p. D756.5.A7.R67. Lopez, Ed. “’Battle of the Bulge.’” Soldiers (Sep 2009): pp. 24-26. Per.

Story of William Schuchert, of unidentified element of 28th Infantry Division. Tobin, S.J. "Cannon Company at Mons Lelligen." Field Artillery Journal (Oct 1945): pp. 623-25. Per. U.S. Army. 28th Infantry Division. "History, 28th Div HQ Co, with Band Annex." Typescript /clippings,

1945? 29 p. #05-28.1946. Includes info on its combat employment.

World War II Combat Interviews. Bethesda, MD: UPA, 1989. 575 microfiche. D756.W67Microform.

Interviews by US Army Historical Section, 1944-45, ETO, as taken from National Archives records. Pub guide indexes by unit, operation, place & chronology.

ALLIED/UNIT/PERSONAL/PERSPECTIVE-Collective Astor, Gerald. A Blood-Dimmed Tide: The Battle of the Bulge by the Men Who Fought It. NY: Fine,

1992. 532 p. D756.5.A7.A87. Battle of the Bulge Historical Foundation, Inc. Papers. 13 Boxes. Arch.

Includes numerous memoirs, letters & org documents. Collins, Michael. Voices of the Bulge: Untold Stories from Veterans of the Battle of the Bulge.

Minneapolis, MN: Zenith, 2011. 314 p. D756.5.A7.C653. GERMAN UNIT/PERSONAL/PERSPECTIVE-General Sources Allied Forces. 12th Army Group. G-2. Destruction of the German Armies in Western Europe, June 6th

1944-May 9th 1945, n.d. 36 p., maps. D756A24. See pp. 19-22 and the two accompanying maps that show the front line as of 1 & 8 Jan 1945, revealing German troop dispositions down to regimental level.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.15 Collins, Michael. Voices of the Bulge: Untold Stories from Veterans of the Battle of the Bulge, cited

above. D756.5.A7.C653. Cooke, David, & Evans, Wayne. Kampfgruppe Peiper: The Race for the Meuse. South Yorkshire,

England: Pen & Sword Military, 2005. 192 p. D756.5.A7.C66. Dietrich, Sepp, & Peiper, Joachim. "War Experiences...." Repro typescript of pre-trial briefs, 1953.

15 p. D811.D5. "German Press Comments on the Ardennes Breakthrough." Military Review (Oct 1945): pp. 87-92.

Per. Covers 19 Dec 1944-14 Jan 1945.

Kurowski, Franz. Die Panzer-Lehr-Division: Die grösste Deutsche Panzer-Division und ihre Aufgabe:

die Invasion zerschlagen, die Ardennenschlacht entscheiden. Bad Nauheim, Germany: Podzun-Verlag, 1964. pp. 153-94. D757.55.P35.K87.

Luttichau, Charles V. von. "The Ardennes Offensive: Germany's Situation in the Fall of 1944."

3 pts. Draft, OCMH, 1953. D769.A533Draft.pts1&2. Parker, Danny S. "German Tiger Tanks...at the Battle of the Bulge...." World War II (Mar 1990):

pp. 8, 54, 56, 58 & 60-61. Per. Only 87 actually participated, not 250; examines reasons for overestimation.

_____. Hitler’s Ardennes Offensive: The German View of the Battle of the Bulge. Mechanicsburg, PA:

Stackpole, 1997. 264 p. D756.5.A7.H58. Reynolds, Michael F. Sons of the Reich: The History of II SS Panzer Corps in Normandy, Arnhem, the

Ardennes and on the Eastern Front. Havertown, PA: Casemate, 2002. 360 p. D757.85.R493. Runstedt, Gerd von. Battle of the Bulge. Harwood, MD: n.p., 1955. D769.75.L57.ch21. Strauss, F.J. Friedens-und kriegserlebnisse einer Generation: Ein Kapitel Weltgeschichte aus der sicht

der panzerjager-Abteilung 38 (SF) in der echemaligen 2.(Wiener) Panzerdivision. Schweinfurt, Germany: Schweinfurter Tagblatt, n.d. pp. 180-89 and Map 38. D757.56.2ndF7.

Westermeier, Jens. Joachim Peiper: A Biography of Himmler’s SS Commander. Atglen, PA: Schiffer,

2007. 224 p. D757.85.W4713.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.16 FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES ON ARDENNES CAMPAIGN The following German officer reports are mostly carbon typescripts of draft translations into English prepared under USAREUR's Foreign Military Studies Program (D739.F6713): A-858 "The Course of Events of the German Offensive in the Ardennes (16 Dec 1944-14 Jan 1945)."

By MAJ Percy Ernest Schramm. 43 p. 1945. Author kept war diary of Wehrmacht Operations Staff.

A-861 "Answers to the Questions of 15 Feb 1946." By MAJ Percy Ernest Schramm. 2 p. 1946.

Command organization for the offensive. A-862 "The Preparations for the German Offensive in the Ardennes (Sep to 16 Dec 1944)." By MAJ

Percy Ernest Schramm. 281 p. 1946. By the war diary officer of the Wehrmacht Operations Staff. Includes views of Commander in Chief West and various army commanders concerned as well as those of Hitler and OKW.

A-873 "Commitment of the 116th Panzer Division in the Ardennes (16-6 Dec 1944)." By General Major

Siegfried von Waldenburg. 28 p. 1945. A-874 "Commitment of the 116th Panzer Division in the Ardennes (16-26 Dec 1944)." By Generalmajor

Siegfried von Waldenburg. 17 p. 1946. A-877 "Commitment of the ISS Panzer Corps During the Ardennes Offensive (16 Dec 1944 -

25 Jan 1945)." By GEN der Waffen-SS H. Priess. 59 p. 1946. A-909 "The Ardennes Offensive." By Generalmajor R. von Gersdorff. 22 p. Seventh Army in

campaign, described by its chief of staff. A-924 "Operations of Sixth Panzer Army (1944-45)." By SS Generalmajor Fritz Kraemer. 60 p. 1945.

By its chief of staff. A-925 "Report on Activity of Colonel (GSC) Reichhelm." By Oberst I.G. Guenther Reichhelm. 49 p.

1945.Army Group B on the Western Front from Oct 1944 to spring 1945. Written from memory by the army group operations officer.

A-928 "Questionnaire on the Ardennes Offensive." By Generalfeldmarschall W. Keitel and

Generaloberst A. Jodl. 7 p. 1945. Answered in July 1945.

A-929 "Ardennes Campaign." By General der Artillerie W. Lucht. 2 p.

18th Infantry Division.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.17 A-930 "212th Volks Grenadier Division - Ardennes (16 Dec 1944-25 Jan 1945)." By Generalleutnant

Franz Sensfuss. 7 p. 1946. A-931 "212th Volks Grenadier Division - Ardennes." By Generalleutnant Franz Sensfuss, 9 p. 1946. A-932 "Evaluation and Equipment of the Units Attached to Seventh Army during the Ardennes

Offensive." By Generalmajor R. von Gerdorff. 5 p. A-933 "Results of the Ardennes Offensive." By Generalmajor R. von Gersdorff. 8 p. 1946.

By the Seventh Army chief of staff. A-937 "The Ardennes Offensive (Dec 1944)." By General der Infanterie Otto Hitzfeld. 20 p. 1946.

XLVII Corps by its commander. A-938 "XLVII Panzer Corps - Ardennes." By General der Panzer- truppen Heinrich von Luettwitz. 5 p.

1945. XLVII Panzer Corps by its commander.

A-939 "The Assignment of the XLVII Panzer Corps in the Ardennes 1944-45." By General der

Panzertruppen Heinrich von Luettwitz. 24 p. A-940 "XLVII Panzer Corps in the Ardennes Offensive." By General der Panzertruppen Heinrich von

Luettwitz. 18 p. 1946. A-941 "Panzer Lehr Division (1 Dec 1944 - 26 Jan 1945)." By Generalleutnant F. Bayerlein. 8 p.

1945. By the division commander.

A-945 "Additional Questions - Ardennes Offensive." By Generalleutnant F. Bayerlein. 3 p. 1946.

Operations 11-20 Jan 1945 (Houffalize area). A-955 "Report on the Campaign in Northern France, the Rhineland and the Ardennes." By Oberst I.G.

Hans-Juergen Dingler. 11 p. 1946. LVIII Panzer Corps described by corps chief of staff.

A-961 "Fifth Panzer Army-Ardennes (Special Questions)." By Generalmajor Carl Wagener. 8 p. 1945. A-963 "Main Reasons for the Failure of the Ardennes Offensive." By Generalmajor Carl Wagener.

17 p. 1945. A-977 "The German Ardennes Offensive." By MAJ Herbert Buechs. 49 p. 1945.

Planning and preparations by OKW. A-978 "Commitment of the 3d Panzer Grenadier Division during the Ardennes Offensive." By

Generalmajor Walter Denkert. 5 p. 1946.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.18 B-024 "560th Volks Grenadier Division (11 Nov 1944 - 25 Jan 1945)." By Generalmajor Rudolph

Bader. 11 p. 1946. B-025 "989th Grenadier Regiment (14 - 17 Dec 1944)." By Oberst Georg Fieger. 6 p. 1946. B-027 "560th Volks Grenadier Division (15 - 29 Dec 1944) and 12th Volks Grenadier Division

(1-28 Jan 1945)." By Generalmajor Rud. Langhaeuser. 67 p. 1946. B-028 "62d Volks Grenadier Division (16 Dec 1944 - 27 Jan 1945)." By Generalmajor Friedrich Kittle.

26 p. B-030 "LXXV Corps (1 Dec 1944 - 10 Jan 1945)." By General der Infanterie Baptist Kniess. 8 p.

1946. B-031 "326th Volks Grenadier Division (Ardennes)." By Generalmajor Erwin Kaschner. 2 p. 1946.

Answers to a special questionnaire. B-032 "LIII Corps (1 Dec 1944 - 22 Jan 1945)." By Oberst I.G. Werner Bodenstein. 13 p.

By the corps chief of staff. B-038 "116th Panzer Division (Ardennes)." By Generalmajor Siegfried von Waldenburg. 17 p.

Answers of the division commander to a special questionnaire. B-039 "XIII Corps (1 - 15 Jan 1945)." By General der Infanterie Hans Felber. 22 p. 1946.

Defensive fighting in the Ardennes. B-040 "26th Volks Grenadier Division in the Ardennes Offensive." By Generalmajor Keinz Kokott.

16 p. By the division commander.

B-041 "167th Volks Grenadier Division (24 Dec 1944-Feb 1945)." Corps Hoecker (2 -10 Mar 1945)

and 59th Infantry Division (20 Mar-24 Apr 1945). By Generalleutnant Hans Hoecker. 43 p. 1946.

B-067 "352d Volks Grenadier Division (16 Dec 1944-25 Jan 1945)." By Generalmajor Erich Schmidt.

8 p. 1946. B-068 "3d Panzer Grenadier Division (Ardennes)." By General-major Walter Denkert. 12 p. 1946.

Reconditioning of troops near the front. B-073 "212th Volks Grenadier Division (Ardennes)." By General- leutenant Franz Sensfuss. 8 p. 1946.

Answers to a questionnaire. B-092 "326th Volks Grenadier Division (16 Dec 1944-25 Jan 1945)." By Generalmajor Erwin

Kaschner. 10 p.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.19 B-151 "Fifth Panzer Army (Ardennes Offensive)." By General der Panzertruppen Hasso von

Manteuffel. 148 p. 1946. Planning and preparations described by the army commander.

B-151a "Sequel to MS# B-151." By General der Panzertruppen Hasso von Manteufel. 161 p.

A detailed history and critique. B-235 "Fifth Panzer Army (2 Nov 1944 - 16 Jan 1945)." By Generalmajor Carl Wagener. 58 p. 1945. B-286 "15th Volks Werfer Brigade (16 Dec 1944 - 25 Jan 1945)." By Generalmajor Leo Zanssen. 4 p.

1946. A rocket projector unit.

B-321 "LVIII Panzer Corps in the Ardennes Offensive (16 Dec 1944-1 Jan 1945)." By General der

Panzertruppen Walter Krueger. 17 p. B-332 "LVIII Panzer Corps in the Ardennes Offensive (13 Jan-2 Feb 1945)." By General der

Panzertruppen Walter Krueger. 6 p. Continuation of MS# B-321.

B-333 "LXVI Corps (Oct - 23 Dec 1944)." By General der Artillerie Walter Lucht. 31 p. 1946.

By the corps commander. B-456 2d Panzer Division (21 - 26 Dec 1944)." By Oberstleutnant Ruediger Weiz. 10 p. B-467 "Seventh Army (Preparations for Ardennes Offensive)." By Generalmajor Paul Reidel. 19 p. B-477 "LXVI Corps (23 Dec 1944 - 2 Jan 1945)." By General der Artillerie Walter Lucht. 9 p. B-506 "LVIII Panzer Corps Artillery (1 Nov 1944-1 Feb 1945)." By Generalmajor Gerhard Triepel.

10 p. 1947. B-521 "9th Volks Grenadier Division (1 Nov 1944 - Feb 1945)." By Generalmajor Werner Kolb.

33 p. 1947. B-577 "I SS Panzer Corps (15 Oct - 16 Dec 1944)." By Oberst der Waffen-SS Rudolf Lehmann. 13 p.

1946. Preparation and assembly.

B-676 "Sixth Panzer Army (9 Oct 1944 - 24 Jan 1945)." By Oberst Guenther Reichhelm. 11 p. 1947.

Comment on #A-924. B-759 "Sixth Panzer Army (15 Dec 1944 - 21 Jan 1945)." By SS Generalleutnant Walter Staudinger.

33 p. 1948.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.20 B-769 "LXVI Corps (3 - 15 Jan 1945)." By General der Artillerie Walter Lucht. 10 p. 1948. C-002 "3d Panzer Grenadier Division (28 Dec 1944 - 25 Jan 1945)." By Generalmajor Walter Denkert.

22 p. 1948. C-004 "Kampfgruppe Peiper (15 - 26 Dec 1944)." By Oberst der Waffen-SS Joachim Peiper. 16 p.

1948. D-386 "OB West: Ardennes Planning." By Generalfeldmarschall Gerd von Rundstedt. 1 p.

A short letter to the US Historical Division. P-032h "Ardennes Project." By General der Infanterie Hans von Greiffenberg. 6 p. 1950.

Functions of Arbeitsstab Kleyser, part of OKW Operations Branch, summer 1944. P-109e "Ardennes Follow Up - 2d Panzer Division (16 - 20 Dec 1944 and 13 - 17 Jan 1945)." By Oberst

Joachim Gutmann. 12 p. 1952. P-109g "Ardennes Follow Up - LXXXV Corps." By Oberst I.G. Hermann Lassen. 21 p. 1952. MISCELLANEOUS Bookman, John T., & Powers, Stephen T. The March to Victory: A Guide to WWII Battlefields from

London to the Rhine. Niwot, CO: U CO, 1994. 280 p. D747.B65. See Chap 6.

Borows, Stephen D. “Armor’s Stand at St. Vith.” Armor (Mar/Apr 2007 reprint from Nov/Dec 1984

issue): pp. 12-16. Per. Cavanagh, William C.C. A Tour of the Bulge Battlefield. Barnsley, England: Leo Cooper, 2001.

256 p. D756.5.A7.C382. Cortesi, Lawrence. Valor in the Bulge. NY: Zebra, 1986. 270 p. D756.5.A7.C67. Heintz, Joss. In the Perimeter of Bastogne. n.p., 1987? 223 p. D756.5.A7.H452. "16th of December: Battle of the Bulge." Script for motion picture, n.d. 241 p. with 8-page comments.

D743.23.S58. MacDonald, Charles B. "The Neglected Ardennes." Military Review (Apr 1963): pp. 74-89. Per.

Surveys military history of the region. Morgan, Thomas D. “Cadets at the Breaking Point.” Assembly (Nov/Dec 1995): pp. 22-23. Per.

1994 USMA Ardennes Staff Ride.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.21 Pallud, Jean Paul. "The Battle of the Bulge." After the Battle (No 4): pp. 1-35. Per.

Then-and-now photos. _____. "The Battle of the Bulge: Then-and-Now." After the Battle (No 37, 1982): pp. 17-22. Per.

Photos. _____. Battle of the Bulge: Then and Now. London: Battle of Britain Prints, 1984. 552 p.

D756.5.A7.P34. Chiefly photos.

Pitt, Meldon S. Battle of the Bulge: 50th Anniversary. Paducah, KY: Turner, 1995. 359 p.

D756.5.A7.B374. Steele, Dennis. "The Battle of the Bulge: Echoes that Never Fade." Army (Mar 1993): pp. 28-31. Per.

Re-enactors & veterans at Ft Indiantown Gap, PA, Dec 1992. Tayman, William P., editor. The National Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of World War II:

Battle of the Bulge. Arlington, VA: VBOB, 1995. 152 p. D756.5.A7.N37. Vassaux, Willy H., & Lepage, Pierre. Nuts! Bastogne: The Battle of the Bulge. Bruxelles, Belgium:

Hélyode, 1994. 64 p. D756.5.A7.V37. Walsh, David. "For Reenactors, War Never Ends." Army (Aug 1986): pp. 50-53 & 56-58. Per. CASUALTIES (US in the Ardennes) US battle casualties in the European Theater, 7 Dec 1941 to 31 Dec 1946, totaled 586,628, as follows: Killed 116,991 Wounded 381,350 Captured 73,759 Missing 14,528 For the period 16 Dec 1944-2 Jan 1945, the US suffered 41,315 killed, wounded and missing. The official Ardennes campaign extended to 25 Jan 1945 and included American counteroffensives. Total US battle casualties for the entire campaign, including those of the Army Air Force, were 105,102. See: Cole, Hugh M. The Ardennes: The Battle of the Bulge. In the series US Army in WWII, cited above,

p. 674. D769.A533v3pt7. Thompson, Royce L. "Ardennes Campaign Statistics, 16 December 1944-19 January 1945." Study,

OCMH, 28 Apr 1952. D756.5.A7.T56. U.S. Dept of Army. AGO. Army Battle Casualties and Non-Battle Deaths in World War II, Final

Report. Wash, DC, 1 Jun 1953. pp. 5 & 92. D797.U6.A52.

Ardennes/Battle of the Bulge p.22 The 106th Infantry Division's losses in the Battle of the Bulge were 415 killed, 1,254 wounded, and 6,821 captured and missing, from its effective strength of 14,024 on 16 Dec 1944. See: Dupuy, R. Ernest. St. Vith: Lion in the Way; the 106th Infantry Division in World War II. Wash, DC:

Inf Jrnl, 1949. p. 200. #05-106.1949.