996 E. Biological Oceanography O LR (1987) 34 ( 11

dinoflagellate cyst germination. Limnol. Oceanogr., 32(2):340-351. Biol. Dept., WHOI, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.

87:6558 Kobayashi, Satoru, Kazumi Matsuoka and Shoji

Iizuka, 1986. Distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediments of Japanese coastal waters. I. Omura Bay, Kyushu. Bull. Plankt. Soc. Japan, 33(2):81-93. (In Japanese, English abstract.) Tokyo Kyuei Co., Ltd., Tech. Center, 6906-10 Shiba-tsurugamaru, Kawaguchi, Saitama 333, Japan.

87:6559 Krebs, W.N., J.H. Lipps and L.H. Burckle, 1987. Ice

diatom floras, Arthur Harbor, Antarctica. Polar Biol., 7(3): 163-171.

Sea-ice microflora was collected from a variety of types of sea ice. Sixty-seven identifiable species of diatoms, one silicoflagellate and several archaeo- monads were recovered. Of these, only 24 diatoms and the archaeomonads were considered to be truly cryophilic based on their occurrence and abundance. Q-mode factor analysis revealed that four factors (species occurrences) account for 89% of the data. In a general way, these four factors are related to ice type--shore ice protected from turbulence, grounded pack ice, slush and sea ice. Shannon-Wiener species diversity functions range from 0.000 (monospecific) to 3.0515 (dominance divided among 9 species). Diversity also appeared to be related to ice type-- protected shore ice was low, sea ice was interme- diate, and grounded pack, exposed shore ice and slush were highest. Amoco Production Co., Denver, CO, USA.

87:6560 Rey, Francisco and H.R. Skjokdal, 1987. Consmnp-

tion of silicic acid below the euphoric zone by sedimenting diatom blooms in the Barents Sea. Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 36(3):307-312.

Massive sedimentation of spring phytoplankton blooms occurs in the Barents Sea, and with this sedimentation there is a decrease in concentration of dissolved silicic acid below the nitracline, apparently related to resting spore formation of the dominant diatom species Chaetoceros socialis. The deep silicic acid consumption seems to be a regular and extensive phenomenon which results in a vertical separation of the silicic acid gradient from the nitracline. This will slow further growth of diatoms during the summer due to reduced upward transport of silicic acid by vertical mixing. Inst. of Mar. Res., Directorate of Fish., P.O. Box 1870, N-5011 Bergen- Nordnes, Norway.

87:6561 Robinson, D.H. and C.W. Sullivan, 1987. How do

diatoms make silicon biominerals? Trends bio- chem. Sci., 12(4):151-154.

The silicon biomineralization process is examined in terms of conversion of precursor silicic acid to amorphous, hydrated silica and the possibility of organosilicon intermediates; transport of building blocks to the site of mineralization (possibly via membrane vesicles); and the actual mechanisms of valve formation at the silicon deposition vesicle (SDV). Three models of biomineralization, varying in the extent of SDV involvement, are presented and possible roles for the cellular cytoskeleton and Golgi apparatus are discussed. Dept. of Biol. Sci., Univ. of Southern Calif., Los Angeles, CA 90089-0371, USA. (gsb)

E300. Effects of pollution (also uptake, trace accumulat ions, etc.; see also B350- Atmospher ic pollution, C210-Chemical pol- lution, F250-Was te disposal)

87:6562 Ajmalkhan, S., K. Rajendran and R. Natarajan,

1986. Effect of copper on the larval development of the estuarine hermit crab Clibanarius olivaceus Henderson. Indian J. mar. Sci., 15(4):260-261. Centre of Advanced Study in Mar. Biol., Annamalai Univ., Parangipettai 608 502, India.

87:6563 Amiard-Triquet, C., C. Metayer, J.C. Amiard and B.

Berthet, 1987. [In-situ studies and experiments on the toxicology and transfer of trace metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) between algae and grazing gastro- pods.] Wat. Air Soil Pollut., 34(1): 11-30. (French with English summary papers.)

The hypothesis of a biomagnification in the food chain algae-~grazing gastropods is not corroborated for Cd and Pb. The source of the high levels of Cu registered in primary consumers remains question- able. As a consequence of the regulation of the essential trace metals, the levels of Cu and Zn in gastropods will be partly independent of their concentrations in the environment, at least in moderately polluted areas. Acute pollutants them- selves could remain undetected since short-term exposures to high levels of Zn do not disturb significantly the Zn concentrations in G. umbilicalis and L. littorea. Centre de Dosage des Elements Traces, Univ. de Nantes, l, rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes, Cedex, France.