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Topic1.ppt 1

Topic I

Introduction to Computer Architecture and

Organization

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Reading List

Slides: Topics1x

Henn & Patt: Chapter 1

Henn & Patt: Chapter 2

Other papers as assigned in

class or homeworks

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Topic 1: Outline of Computer Architecture and Organization

Ability to apply basic knowledge of computer architecture and organization in understanding overall design flow of a computer.An understanding of professional and ethical responsibility of a computer engineer (in particular, computer architect)

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What Does it Mean by “Architecture”??

“The art or science or building...the art or practice of designing and building structures...”

Webster New College Dictionary

“including plan, design, construction and decorative treatment...”

American College Dictionary

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“Computer Architecture”

- the word coined by Fred Brooks

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“Computer architecture is the computer as seen by the user”

- Amdhal et al, (64)

“...by architecture, we mean the structure of the modules as they are organized in a computer system...”

- Stone, H. (1987)

“Computer Architecture” – cont’d“Computer Architecture” – cont’d

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“The architecture of a computer is the interface between the machine and the software”

- Andris Padges

IBM 360/370 Architect

“Computer Architecture” – cont’d“Computer Architecture” – cont’d

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Structure: static arrangement of theparts (plan)

Organization: dynamic interaction ofthese parts and theirmanagement (design)

Implementation: the design ofspecific buildingblocks (construction)

Performance evaluation: the behavior study of the

system (decorative treatment)

“Computer Architecture” – cont’d“Computer Architecture” – cont’d

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Architecture (from architect’s point of view)

Instruction set architecture

Implementation Organization: high-level aspects

memory system bus structure internal CPU design

Hardware: logic design

packaging tech.

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Important Advice

Remember: the key is to learn how to evaluate architecture in the context of the technology available

Methodology is most important, but not the conclusion

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Levels in Computer Organization

Concepts of multi-level machine

Concepts of virtual machine

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Architecture Disciplines

Hardware/software structure

Algorithms and their implementation

Language Issues and programming models

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Both hardware and software consist of hierarchical layers, with each lower layer hiding details from the level above. This principle of abstraction is the way both hardware designers and software designers cope with the complexity of computer systems. One key interface between the levels of abstraction is the instruction set architecture: the interface between the hardware and low-level software. This abstract interface enables many implementations of varying cost and performance to run identical software.

John L. HennessyDavid A. Patterson

The Big Picture