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CREATING TOMORROWS SOLUTION S

VERSATILITY STARTS HERE:-HYBRIDS FOR ELASTIC

SEALING AND BONDING

ADHESIVES & SEALANTS I HYBRID POLYMERS I GENIOSIL

STP-E


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LOOKING FOR AGREENER WORLD?

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LETS LOOK TOGETHER!

Today the sealants and adhesives industry

is caught between conflicting demands:customers seek raw materials that meetstringent environmental regulations yet do notcompromise on performance. With WACKER,you are at the forefront of developments.

In our environmentally conscious world, adhesivesand sealants are subject to increasingly stringenthealth and safety legislation. Regulatory changesacross the globe require manufacturers to findsubstitutes for potentially harmful raw materials.Solvents, isocyanates (used as curing agents inpolyurethanes) and tin compounds (used as cata-lysts) are under legislative scrutiny; legislation incountries across the globe is at last forcing thevarious markets to eliminate potentially hazardousmaterials from use and production.

Solutions from a Technology Leader

WACKER is not only one of the leading producersof silicones, but also one of the most research-intensive chemical companies. We have developedan exciting range of hybrid polymers based on aninnovative range of organofunctional silanes as wellas the -silane chemistry unique to WACKER.

Discover the Future! These new-generation hybrid polymers can beused as the binder for elastic sealants and adhe-sives that fulfill todays demands both technicallyand environmentally. Furthermore, they are easyto formulate, exhibit low viscosity for exceedinglyefficient production, and are masters of versatility.

This brochure can thus only give a glimpse of thepossibilities offered. To learn more about thisexciting technology, please talk to our experts.

GENIOSIL is a registered trademarkof Wacker Chemie AG.

ContentsHybrid Technology 4WACKER Technology 6GENIOSIL Portfolio 8Processing 10Formulation 12

About WACKER 15


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Hybrids: Benefits at a Glance

BREAKING NEW GROUND:WACKERS HYBRID TECHNOLOGY

As the specif ic disadvantages of existingtechnologies, such as polyurethanes, becamemore apparent, the greater the need becamefor viable alternatives. Hybrid systems beganto establish themselves in various markets.With the advent of the GENIOSIL STP-Epolymer range, the shortcomings of hybridpolymers found in the market to date couldbe overcome. WACKER thereby succeededin taking the hybrid concept a s tep further.

What Distinguishes Hybrid Polymers?

Hybrids are silane-crosslinking organic polymersthat can combine advantageous properties typicalof both silicones and polyurethanes. Hybrid poly-mers can be formulated into sealants and adhe-sives displaying the high elasticity attainable withsilicones, as well as additional benefits suchas paintability, rapid cure and high mechanicalstrength. The latter property was thought to beachievable only with polyurethanes. Thus hybridsare highly versatile yet easy and safe to use.

What Makes GENIOSIL STP-E Polymers

Stand out?Silane-modified polymers generally contain terminalsilane components coupled to an organic polymerbackbone, allowing curing via hydrolysis and sub-sequent condensation. WACKERs STP-E technol-ogy includes a new selection of silane-terminatedpolyethers that, via unique and patented synthesis,exhibit a number of unparalleled properties.

1 Frost & Sullivan New ProductInnovation Award 2011

Unique ChemistryGENIOSIL STP-E polymers have a polyether chainas their organic polymer backbone with di- or tri-alkoxysilyl end-groups. This structure is achievedthrough urethane coupling, with an aliphatic bridgepositioned between the urethane group and thesilane component. In those grades commerciallyavailable at WACKER, this aliphatic bridge is eithera methylene or a propylene group. The methylenegroup leads to an -silane-terminated polyether,the propylene group results in a -silane-terminatedpolyether. (The advantages possible with -silane-

terminated polymers will be outlined later.)

For Outstanding PropertiesWACKERs silane-terminated polymers renderadhesive and sealant systems that build on tradi-tional systems but which eliminate a number ofdrawbacks previously regarded as insuperable.

The complete functionalization of the polymersduring their synthesis means no residual tack infinished products. The resultant polymers are lowin viscosity and easy to handle during compound-ing even allowing for higher filler loading. At the

same time, the systems are easy to gun. Thesepolymers thus possess the characteristics the for-mulator is familiar with from existing systems isocyanate-free, paintable, solvent-free yet takehim a step further by offering even more advan-tages. In 2011, the industry recognised WACKERsachievements in this area. 1)

HYBRIDS+

Easy processing,broad adhesion profile

-HYBRIDS+

Fast and reliable curing,tin-free formulations,

long shelf-life

What are hybrids?Hybrids are silane-crosslinking organicpolymers that combineproperties typical ofboth silicones andpolyurethanes. They arehighly versatile yet easyand safe to use as they

are isocyanate- and solvent-free and in case of the

-hybrids do not requiretin-catalysts for curing.

SILICONESUV-resistant,high elasticity

POLYURETHANESPaintable,good mechanical properties


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Application Example 1: A New Generation of Joint Sealers

Traditionally, containers and refrigeration units have been sealed with a siliconesealant, but the subsequent joint seal could not be painted. Furthermore,silicone-based systems tend to be too soft and flexible compared with anelastic adhesive that combines sealing properties with mechanical reinforce-ment, giving the joint the required structural stiffness. Hybrids have thusestablished themselves in this demanding application, where paintability,high temperature resistance and good mechanics are of the essence.

Such sealers based on GENIOSIL STP-E polymers are the product of choice in this ever-growing application area.


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LOOKING FOR MORE:GENIOSIL STP-E

GENIOSIL STP-E polymers allow the formu-lation of elastic sealants and adhesives thatcombine eco-friendly solutions with no com-promise on technical performance. This future-oriented portfolio of products forms the perfectbasis needed to substitute critical ingredientsin formulations today and tomorrow. Eco-FriendlyGENIOSIL STP-E based formulations are isocya-nate-free and solvent-free. If based on WACKERsproprietary -silane technology, they are also both

tin-free and catalyst-free. This enables the formula-tor to fulfill todays and tomorrows EH&S require-ments.

Cost EffectiveGENIOSIL STP-E products are fully functionalizedpolymers in contrast to alternative systems avail-able on the market. This results in systems withreduced polymer loadings that will still yield anindustry-standard property profile.

Easy to Process

GENIOSIL

STP-E polymers are low in viscosity,and no heating is required e.g. when charging themixing vessel. Heating and drying processes oftenfound in competitive systems are unnecessary withthe GENIOSIL STP-E range, hence simplifying theentire compounding procedure.

Reproducible QualityGENIOSIL STP-E polymers have been synthe-sized via unique patented chemistry where all thepolyol groups have reacted with the end-cappingsilane. There are no residual unreacted groups meaning the formulator obtains polymers ofconsistent quality.

Universal in UseGENIOSIL STP-E polymers can be used to formu-late systems, ranging from low-modulus, low Shore

A products to high-modulus, high-strength adhe-sives. This opens up real scope for the formulator.

Long Shelf-LifeDespite the high reactivity of the -polymers,the absence of problematic tin compoundsin adhesives and sealants formulated with

-GENIOSIL STP-E leads to a longer shelf-life of the finished products.

Robust FormulationsSystems based on GENIOSIL STP-E polymers areless sensitive to moisture. Furthermore, formulationsdo not suffer if there is variation in the quality of thellers.

Superior Products Fast-curing parquet adhesives that are simple

and economic to compound Eco-friendly adhesives for DIY applications Exceedingly fast-cure yet strong industrial

adhesives Easy-to-apply sealants for construction joints Universal systems that can ll, seal and bond High-strength assembly adhesives

Fast through-cure Fast strength build up Tack-free Excellent shelf-life ( -technology) T in-free ( -technology) Plasticizer-free

High strength Unique clarity Low viscosity

Isocyanate-free Solvent-free Temperature- and moisture-stable Easy to use Primerless adhesion Paintable

WACKERTECHNOLOGY

TRADITIONALHYBRIDS

WACKERs Technology Embraces the Characteristics of Traditional Hybrids yetBoasts Additional Benefits


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Application Example 2: A New Generation of Assembly Adhesives

In the construction area, lighting, skirting, mirrors to name just a few appli-cations essentially depended on mechanical fixation in the past if reliablemounting was required. Where previously screws were the only feasiblesolution, hybrid adhesives are now finding increasing use, whether to bond,assemble, or repair. To meet the specific bonding requirements, the marketsought a universal solution a system that is strong yet flexible. And theuniversal solution is a hybrid adhesive. Not only does it offer the technicalfeatures sought by the craftsman, but when based on GENIOSIL STP-Epolymers, it meets environmental demands by being tin- and plasticizer-free,where desirable.


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VERSATILITY AT ITS BEST:THE GENIOSIL STP-E PORTFOLIO

GENIOSIL STP-E -GradesWACKER selected a -trialkoxy functional silaneas the endcapper for these STP-E grades. Thisyields greater crosslink density, resulting in reliablerecovery properties in sealants and adhesives.

GENIOSIL STP-E15 Suitable for high-modulus construction adhesives Low viscosity allowing for high degree of filling Swift cure possible with conventional catalysts Particularly suitable for parquet adhesives with

greater movability requirements

GENIOSIL STP-E35 Suitable for elastic bonding Moderate viscosity allows for broad formulation

latitude in sealants and adhesives Good recovery properties Particularly suitable for a wide range of elastic

sealants in construction applications Suitable for low-modulus sealants in construction

Varying silane-capping functional groups

STP-E based on -dimethoxy STP-E based on -trimethoxy

Viscosity: ~ 10 Pas GENIOSIL STP-E10 effect curing characteristics highly versatile adhesives

GENIOSIL STP-E15 More densely crosslinked network high-modulus adhesives

Viscosity: ~ 30 Pas GENIOSIL STP-E30High strength and elasticity

high-end performance

GENIOSIL STP-E35 Excellent elastic recovery high-elastic sealants

V a r y

i n g p o

l y e

t h e r

b a c

k b o n e

To date, WACKER has launched four versatilepolymers suitable for an extensive range ofadhesive requirements, with further new ideasin the pipeline. Application areas that havebeen targeted include industrial applicationswhere sealing, bonding or filling are required.

Characteristics of GENIOSIL STP-E Polymers

GENIOSIL STP-E -GradesWACKERs -technology allows for formulationsthat cure completely and rapidly and conferoutstanding adhesive properties. The finishedproducts are tin-free, and can be plasticizer-freeif desired. These systems require no further cata-lysts, as the catalytic effect of the amino silane(included as the adhesion promoter) suffices tocure the system.

GENIOSIL STP-E10 Suitable for high-modulus, elastic adhesives Tin-free formulations no special catalyst

required Reliable and robust in curing Low viscosity, can be highly filled Particularly suitable for parquet adhesives

GENIOSIL STP-E30 Suitable for high-strength, highly elastic adhesives Typical -curing characteristics Moderate viscosity allows for broad formulation

latitude in sealants and adhesives Particularly suitable for transparent,

elastic adhesives


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Application Example 3: A New Generation of High-End Adhesives and Sealants

In the marine sector, hybrid adhesives and sealants based on GENIOSIL

STP-E polymers are now favoured over the polyurethanes traditionally used. The lat ter confer bonding strength but can be messy to work with, quiteapart from the associated toxicity issues currently under scrutiny. And inapplications where dissimilar materials require bonding, hybrids are now thesystem of choice, with an excellent adhesion profile across a number ofchallenging substrates.


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QUICK AND EASY:PROCESSING GENIOSIL STP-E

Adapting formulations or s tarting up wi th a new

technology can often be a daunting task. Notso with the GENIOSIL STP-E polymer range.In contrast to alternative silylated polymersavailable on the market, compounding withthe STP-E range is exceedingly straightfor-ward. Production of a batch can take less thanan hour and even swifter depending on thechalks and thixotropic agents used.

Low ViscosityGENIOSIL STP-E polymers are available in low-viscosity versions which enable the formulator toincrease the number of batches per manufactur-ing day. They can be formulated plasticizer-free ifrequired.

Cold ProcessMixing of the polymer with the remaining ingre -dients takes place at room temperature withoutheat, thus allowing the formulator to increase thenumber of batch cycles per day.

Standard Equipment Virtually any standard equipment is suitab le forthe compounding of GENIOSIL STP-E polymers.

Entering the manufacturing of hybrid adhesivesand sealants thus requires no new investments inmixing equipment.

No heat activation in the mixing vessel required No pre-drying of fillers No moisture monitoring during mixing No specific compounding parameters No special raw materials No hazardous ingredients No critical control of additives when

charging vessel

Compounding Benefits at a Glance

Fast and Easy Compounding Process

Step 1:Charge mixing vessel

Step 2:Mixing

Step 3:Filling

< 1 hour


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Application Example 4: A New Generation of Wood Flooring Adhesives

Many countries in Europe have chosen to replace solvent-based adhesivesfollowing numerous accidents during application. Polyurethanes briefly offeredthe alternative the market was looking for. In the meantime, however, toxicityissues have called polyurethanes into question, and the use of monomeric iso-cyanates as a curing mechanism is under intensive scrutiny by EU legislators.Hybrid adhesives have now established themselves in this application. Thecraftsman has a viable alternative, is no longer exposed to sensitizing by-products, and finds the adhesive easy to apply. Parquet adhesives based onGENIOSIL STP-E require less polymer than other hybrid polymers withoutcompromising on performance and positively impacting formulation costs.

Additionally, the formulation can be both Sn-free and DBU (Diazobicy-cloundecene)-free, yet exhibit superior mechanics as well as swift curing.

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GETTING STARTED:TYPICAL FORMULATIONS

Formulating with the GENIOSIL STP-E range

allows high versatility and is exceedinglysimple. Some exemplary formulations shownbelow demonstrate this simplicity, yet are onlyillustrative. If you are interested in getting star-ted, please contact us for further informationand advice. Our technical staff looks forward tosharing its expertise.

Universal Adhesive Typical FormulationGENIOSIL STP-E10 15.0%Plasticizer (PPG*) 24.8%Water scavenger (GENIOSIL XL 10) 1.0%

Filler ground marble (5 ) 54.0%Pyrogenic silica (HDK H18) 3.0%Stabilizers 0.2%

Adhesion promoter/catalyst(GENIOSIL GF 96)

2.0%

Crystal-Clear Sealant Typical FormulationGENIOSIL STP-E30 49.5%Plasticizer (PPG*) 34.0%Water scavenger (GENIOSIL XL 10) 2.0%Pyrogenic silica (HDK H18) 12.0%Stabilizers 0.5%

Adhesion promoter/catalyst(GENIOSIL GF 96)

2.0%

Elastic Sealant Typical FormulationGENIOSIL STP-E35 25.0%Plasticizer (PPG*) 25.0%Water scavenger (GENIOSIL XL 10) 2.0%Filler fine coated GCC 21.8%Filler ultrafine coated PCC 21.8%Pyrogenic silica (HDK H18) 2.0%Stabilizers 0.2%

Adhesion promoter (GENIOSIL GF 96) 1.0%

Catalyst (dioctyltin dilaurate) 0.2%

Universal Adhesive PropertiesSkin-formation time (min) 23 C/50% r.h. 30

Tensile s trength at break (N/mm)ISO 37 rod1

2.0

Elongation at break (%) ISO 37 rod1 150Shore A hardness ISO 868 50

Crystal-Clear Sealant PropertiesSkin-formation time (min) 23 C/50% r.h. 40


2.0

Elongation at break (%) ISO 37 rod1 300

Shore A hardness ISO 868 35

Elastic Sealant PropertiesSkin-formation time (min) 23 C/50% r.h. 30


2.5

Elongation at break (%) ISO 37 rod1 600

Shore A hardness ISO 868 35

* Polypropylene glycol


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Application Example 5: A New Generation of Versatile Adhesives

When low maintenance is a must for a sports arena, the use of artificial turf isnow favoured, with such pitches d isplaying greater resistance to wear thannatural covering. Here too, hybrid adhesives are displacing polyurethanes the latter being problematic to apply where extreme temperatures and highmoisture conditions prevail. Using a hybrid adhesive means moving from a2-K to a 1-K system, thus reducing potential mixing-ratio errors. Reducedinstallation time, as well as bonding reliability, also promote the increasinguse of hybrid adhesives for this application.


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GREATER FORMULATION LATITUDEWITH APPROPRIATE RAW MATERIALSELECTION

14

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

600

500

400

300

200

100

0 T e n s

i l e s t r e n g

t h

[ N / m m

2 ] I S O 3 7

t y p e 1

E l o n g a t

i o n a t

b r e a k

[ % ] I S O 3 7

t y p e 1

E l o n g a t

i o n a t

b r e a k

[ % ] I S O 3 7

t y p e 1

GCC,coated-1

GCC,coated-2

GCC,coated-3

GCC,uncoated

PCC,coated-1

PCC,coated-2

PCC,uncoated

Containing 25% GENIOSIL STP-E10 and 15% plasticizer

Impact on Mechanics Depending on Chalk Selected

Products that can be formulated range from a

low-modulus sealant to a high-strength adhe-sive.

GENIOSIL STP-E Polymers: Advantages at a GlanceFormulator advantages: No tin catalysts = no requirement to store

hazardous materials in specially designatedwarehousing

Simplicity of formulation using essentiallystandard equipment (planetary mixers)

Low viscosity fast batch times, easy mixing Robust formulations, thus no specific complica -

tions when mixingEnd-user advantages: One-part system, no risk of mixing-ratio errors Solvent-free Universal products for a multitude of applications Easy to gun and work with

Our Expertise in Raw Material SelectionIn contrast to alternative polymer sealants andadhesives, hybrid systems benefit tremendouslyby incorporating chalk (calcium carbonate). Theseare not added merely to extend an adhesive or

sealant (filler function); as a result various chalktypes were screened e.g. ground calcium car-bonate (GCC) and precipitated calcium carbonate(PCC) and their impact on the end productsmechanics was cataloged.

Not only the type of chalk selected will impactthe mechanics of a given adhesive or sealant,the choice of p lasticizer will influence elongationat break and, naturally, the viscosity of a givensystem. Polypropylene glycol plasticizer gradeswere examined due to their compatibility with

the GENIOSIL

STP-E polymers. Their higherviscosity leads to softer formulations as opposedto phthalates, where harder systems result.

The harder the system, the greater the loss of

elongation. As the plasticizer can impact the adhe-sion profile, the final choice will depend on thetargeted application as well as the substrate andsurface requirements.

350

300

250

200

150

100

0

10090

8070605040302010

0

V i s c o s i t y

[ P a s

]

Phthalates

Containing 25% GENIOSIL STP-E10 and 15% plasticizer

Impact on Mechanics Depending on Plasticizer Used

Polyether1000

Polyether2000

Polyether4000

Alkyl sul fonates Benzylesters

Tensile strength Elongation at break

Elongation at break Viscosity


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WACKER is one of the worlds leadingand most research-intensive chemicalcompanies, with total sales of 4.91 billion.Products range from silicones, b indersand polymer additives for diverse industrialsectors to bio-engineered pharmaceuticalactives and hyperpure silicon forsemiconductor and solar applications. Asa technology leader focusing on sustain-ability, WACKER promotes products andideas that offer a high value-addedpotential to ensure that current and future

generations enjoy a better quality of lifebased on energy efciency and protectionof the climate and environment. Spanning

EXPERTISE AND SERVICE NETWORKON FIVE CONTINENTS

the globe with five business divisions,operating 25 production sites, WACKER iscurrently active in over 100 countries. TheGroup maintains subsidiaries and salesofces in 29 countries across Europe, the

Americas and Asia including a solidlyestablished presence in China. With aworkforce of 17,200, WACKER sees itselfas a reliable innovation partner thatdevelops trailblazing solutions for, and incollaboration with, its customers. WACKERalso helps them boost their own success.

Our technical centers employ localspecialists who assist customers world-wide in the development of products

tailored to regional demands, supportingthem during every stage of their complexproduction processes, if required.WACKER e-solutions are online servicesprovided via our customer portal and asintegrated process solutions. Ourcustomers and business partners thusbenet from comprehensive informationand reliable service to enable projectsand orders to be handled fast, reliablyand highly efciently. Visit us anywhere,anytime around the world at:

www.wacker.com

All figures are based on fiscal 2011.

Sales and production sites, plus 20 technicalcenters, ensure you a local presence worldwide.


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. 1 3Wacker Chemie AG

Hanns-Seidel-Platz 481737 Mnchen, GermanyInfoline: +49 89 [email protected]

www.wacker.com

The data presented in this brochure are in accordance with the present state of our knowledge but do not absolve the user from carefully checking all supplies immediately onreceipt. We reserve the right to alter product constants within the scope of technical progress or new developments. The recommendations made in this brochure should bechecked by preliminary trials because of conditions during processing over which we have no control, especially where other companies raw materials are also being used.The information provided by us does not absolve the user from the obligation of investigating the possibility of infringement of third parties rights and, if necessary, clarifying

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