6.1 chromosomes and meiosis set up cornell notes on pg. 73 topic: 6.1 chromosomes and meiosis...
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6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 73
•Topic: 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
•Essential Question:
1.Where are germ cells located in the human body?
2.Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting autosomes and sex chromosomes
•Don’t forget to add it to your T.O.Contents!
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
1. Where are germ cells located in the human body?
2. Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting autosomes and sex chromosomes
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Key Concept: Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Sponge 1: Please correctly identify the phase of mitosis.
1 2
3 4
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Sponge 1: Please correctly identify the phase of mitosis.
Telophase Anaphase
Metaphase Prophase
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have.
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
• Human body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes and 46 total
– Each pair of chromosomes is called Homologous pairs and have copies of the same genes
– In each pair, one chromosome comes from each parent.
*Homo= same
Mom Dad
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
• You have two types of specialized cells:
Somatic cells Germ cells
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
• Somatic cells- are body cells and make up most of your body tissues and organs.– Liver cells– Lung cells– Heart cells etc…
Red blood cells
skin cells bone cells intestinal cells
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
•Chromosome pairs 1-22 are called autosomes
•Contain genes not directly related to your gender
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Somatic (body) cells are Diploid (2n) cells have two copies of every chromosome (23 from mom, 23 from dad) for a total of 46 chromosomes
n n
2n
*di= 2
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Germ cells- are the cells in your reproductive organs
•located in the ovaries and testes•Develop into gametes
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Gametes are sex cells: egg and sperm
•Both have DNA that can be passed to offspring.
Egg
Sperm
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
• Gametes are Haploid (n) cells have one copy of every chromosome.
–Have 22 autosomes + 1 sex chromosome = 23 chromosomes each
23
23
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Pair #23=Sex chromosomes: X and Y•determine gender •Control the development of sexual characteristics
XX= female XY= male
XX
XY
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Points to Ponder
1.Where are germ cells located in the human body (2 places)
2.Do you think that Y chromosomes contain genes that are critical for an organism’s survival? Explain.
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Points to Ponder
1. Where are germ cells located in the human body (2 places)
• In the reproductive organs: The ovaries in women and the testes in men.
2. Do you think that Y chromosomes contain genes that are critical for an organism’s survival? Explain.
• No, a Y chromosome is not necessary for survival. Females do not have a Y chromosome, and they are able to survive.
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 75•Topic: 6.1 Mitosis vs. Meiosis
•Essential Questions:
1.Does mitosis or meiosis occur more frequently in your body? Explain.
2.Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting mitosis and meiosis
•Don’t forget to add it to your T.O.Contents!
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
1. Does mitosis or meiosis occur more frequently in your body? Explain.
2. Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting mitosis and meiosis
6.1 Mitosis vs. Meiosis
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
• Two types of cell division:
Mitosis Meiosis
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
• Mitosis= makes more diploid cells.• Produces genetically identical cells• Results in diploid cells (46 chromosomes)• Takes place throughout an organism’s lifetime• Involved in asexual reproduction
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
2 identical daughter cells
DNA replicates
*Draw on pg. 74
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
• Meiosis= makes haploid cells (23) from diploid cells.
– produces gametes (sperm/eggs)– Produces genetically unique cells– Takes place only at certain times in an organism’s
life cycle– Involved in sexual reproduction
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
*Draw on pg. 74
4 haploid (23) unique daughter
cells
(diploid- 46)
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Please open your book to page 172
• Please read the Genetic Data information
• Interpret the second bar graph and answer the 3 questions on the bottom of pg. 74
• Title it “Genetic Data Chromosome Interpretation”
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Y- axisDependent variable
X- axisIndependent variable
Diploid # of Chromosomes in Various Organisms
10 20 40 40 49 55 210
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
1. King crab; fruit fly2. No. A porpoise is much bigger than a king crab, and has far less
chromosomes. A potato is only 3 chromosomes off from human, and far smaller.
3. Yes. Chromosomes need to be able to fit in the nucleus.
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
Homework: Due by Monday 11/05!!!! Make flashcards on index cards Front- word Back- Picture and description/definition
6.1•Somatic cells•Gametes•Homologous chromosomes•Autosomes•Sex chromosomes•Sexual reproduction•Fertilization•Diploid•Haploid•Meiosis
6.4•Gene•Allele•Homozygous•Heterozygous•Genome•Genotype•Phenotype•Dominant•Recessive