60 kld molasses based ethanol plant with 3.0 mw...

FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

AND

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

60 KLD Molasses Based Ethanol Plant with 3.0 MW Captive Power

Plant

at

Village -Jandheri, Tehsil: Shahabad,

Distt. Kurukshetra, Haryana.

Study Period: Pre Monsoon (1st October 2014 to 31st January 2015)

Applicant

M/s Shahabad Cooperative Sugar Mills Ltd.

Village -Jandheri, Tehsil-Shahabad,

Distt. Kurukshetra, Haryana.

Environmental Consultant Vardan Environet

(NABET/EIA/1316/IA001)

D-142, Susant Lok –III, Sector 57

Gurgaon (Haryana)

Contact No. +91-9810355569

e-mail: [email protected]

e-mail: [email protected]

September,2015

M/s Shahabad Co-operative Sugar Mills Ltd. EIA/EMP Report

(60 KLPD Ethanol Plant)


Dist. Kurukshetra, Haryana

Page | i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter Title Page No.

Table of Content

List of Tables

List of Figures

1.0 Introduction 1-18

1.0 Introduction to EIA 1

1.1 Purpose of the Report 3

1.2 Regulatory Frame Work 3

1.3 Identification of Project and Project Proponent 4

1.4 Importance of Project to the Country and Region 7

1.5 Site Selection Criteria 8

1.6 Structure of the Report 9 1.7 Scope of the Study 10

2.0 Project Description 19-46

2.0 Introduction 19

2.1 Type of the Project and Site Description 19

2.2 Project Location and Layout 20

2.3 Need for the Project 23

2.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation 23

2.5 Proposed Scheduled for Approval and Implementation 26

2.6 Manufacturing Process 27

2.7 Facilities at the Plant 34

2.8 Evaporation plant 34

2.9 Steam Generation Plant 37

2.10 Description of Mitigation Measures 42 2.11 Assessment of New and untested Technology for the Risk of

Technical Failure

46

2.12 Summary 46

3.0 Description of the Environment 47-98

3.0 Introduction 47

3.1 Study Area 47

3.2 Study Period 47

3.3 Components and Methodology 47

3.4 Land Use Pattern of the Study Area 48

3.5 Geology 53

3.6 Hydrology, Ground Water and Water Conservation 53

3.7 Air Environment and Meteorology 54

3.8 Ambient Air Quality 58





Page | ii

3.9 Noise Environment 63

3.10 Land Environment 70

3.11 Water Environment 74

3.12 Biological Environment 80

3.13 Socio-Economic Environment 92

3.14 Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste 96

3.15 Risk Assessment 96

3.16 Summary 96

4.0 Anticipated Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures 99-129

4.0 Introduction 99

4.1 Construction Phase 100

4.1.1 Impact on Land Use 100

4.1.2 Impact on Soil and Mitigation Measures 101

4.1.3 Impact on Air Environment 102

4.1.4 Impact on Water Environment 102

4.15 Impact on Noise Environment 103

4.1.6 Impact on Biological Environment 103

4.1.7 Impact on Socio economic Environment 106

4.1.8 Impact of Solid and Hazardous Waste 106

4.1.9 Risk Assessment during Construction 106

4.2 Operational Phase 106

4.2.1 Ambient Air Quality Modeling 107

4.2.2 Impact on Air Environment 116

4.2.3 Impact on Water Environment 117 4.2.4 Rain Water Harvesting /Recharge Plan 118

4.2.5 Noise Modelling 120

4.2.6 Impact on Soil Environment 125

4.2.7 Impact on Biological Environment 125

4.2.8 Impact on Socio-Economic Environment 125

4.2.9 Impact on Land Environment 126

4.2.10 Impact on Hydrogeology 126

4.2.11 Risk Assessment 126

4.2.11 Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Management 126

4.2.13 Cultural Environment 126

4.2.14 Indirect Impacts 126 4.3 Summary 126

5.0 Analysis of Alternative Site 130

5.1 Introduction 130

6.0 Environmental Monitoring Programme 131-135






Page | iii

6.1 Post Project Monitoring Locations and Components 131

6.2 Monitoring Methodologies 133

6.3 Reporting and Documentation 133

6.4 Environmental Management Cell 134

6.5 Summary 135

7.0 Additional Studies 136-162

7.1 Public Consultation 136

7.2 Risk Assessment 145

7.3 Disaster Management Plan 146

7.4 Emergency Planning 149

7.5 On–Site Emergency Plan 152

7.6 Preparation of Plan 152

7.7 Kurukshetra Disaster Management Plan 156

7.8 Summary 156

8.0 Additional Studies 163-164


8.2 Employment Potential 163

8.3 Corporate Social Responsibility 163 8.4 Summary 164

9.0 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 165-168

9.1 Project Cost and Project Appraisal 165

9.2 Financial Pattern 165

9.3 Schedule of Project Implementation 165

9.4 Physical Targets 166

9.5 Summary 168

10.0 Environmental Management Plan 169-176


10.1 Pollution Control System 169

10.2 Overall Recommendation and Implementation Schedule 173

10.3 Budget and Procurement Schedule 173

10.4 Waste Minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques 175

10.6 Summary 175

11.0 Summary and Conclusion 177-182


11.2 Project Description 177

11.3 Description of the Environment 177

11.4 Anticipated Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures 178

11.5 Analysis of Alternative Site 180





Page | iv

11.6 Environmental Monitoring Programme 180

11.7 Additional Studies 181

11.8 Project Benefits 181

11.9 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 181

11.10 Environment Management Plan 182

12.0 Disclosure of Consultant Engaged 183-184

12.1 Disclosure of Consultants Engaged 183

Annexure I Terms of Reference Letter

Annexure II Site Photographs

Annexure III AAQ Data

Annexure IV Demographic Data

Annexure V DMP of Kurukshetra





Page | v

LIST OF TABLE

Table No. Title Page No.

1.1 Demand and Supply of Ethanol 8

1.2 ToR Compliance 10

2.1 Location Details 19

2.2 Infrastructure Details 20

2.3 Raw Materials 24

2.4 Action Plan for Transportation of Raw Material 24

2.5 Area Breakup 25

2.6 Power Consumption Details 25

2.7 Water Requirement 26

2.8 Manpower Requirement 26

2.9 List of Equipment for Standalone Evaporation plant 35

2.10 Design Basis of Steam Generator 40

2.11 Technical Data Sheet 42

2.12 Environmental Aspect, Impact and Proposed Mitigation Measures 42

3.1 Land Use Pattern of the Study Area 50

3.2 Onsite Meteorological Data -1st October, 2014 – 31st January, 2015 56

3.3 (A) Procedures for Determining Various Air Quality Parameters 59

3.3 (B) Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Sampling Stations 59

3.4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results 62

3.5 Noise Monitoring Sampling Stations 64

3.6 Noise Monitoring Result 64

3.7 Traffic Study Locations 68

3.8 No. of Vehicles per Day 69

3.9 Existing Traffic Scenario and LOS 69

3.10 Modified Traffic Scenario and LOS 70

3.11 Soil Monitoring Station Details 70

3.12 Soil Analysis Result 73

3.13 Surface Water Sampling Stations 74

3.14 Surface Water Sampling Results 74

3.15 Ground Water Sampling Stations 76

3.16 Ground Water Analysis Result 76

3.17 Trees in the Study area 84

3.18 Lists of Shrubs in the Study Area 86

3.19 List of Herbaceous species observed in the study area 87

3.20 List of Climbers Observed in the Study Area 88

3.21 Schedule –I Bird(s) of Study Area 89

3.22 Systematic Lists of Birds in the Study Area with Distribution (Dist.)

Status

89





Page | vi

Table No. Title Page No.

3.23 Butterflies in the Study Area 91

3.24 Reptiles and Amphibian in the Study Area 91

3.25 Mammals in Study area 91

3.26 Fishes in Study area 92

3.27 Domestic Animals in Study area 92

3.28 Distribution of Population 93

3.29 Distribution of Literate and Literacy Rates 94

3.30 Distribution of Population by Social Structure 94

3.31 Occupational Structure 95

4.1 Impact Identification Matrix (Construction Phase) 100

4.2 Ecological Impact due to proposed distillery unit 104

4.3 Identification of Impacts during Operation Phase 106

4.4 Dispersion parameters as per stability class (Urban Area) 110

4.5 Calculation of DG Set Stack Height 111

4.6 Source Parameter 111

4.7 Predicted GLC of PM10 at Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations 112

4.8 Characteristics of Spent Wash 117

4.9 Rain Water Harvesting/Recharge Details 119

4.10 Noise Generating Sources in Plant 121

4.11 Noise Baseline and Incremental Data 122

6.1 Parameters and Frequency for Post Project Environmental Monitoring 132

7.1 Action Plan of the issues raised during Public Hearing and reply given by Project Proponent

142

7.2 Budget detail for conservation plan 162

8.1 Breakup of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) 164

10.1 Action Plan to Control Fugitive Emissions 171

10.2 EMP Cost Details 174





Page | vii

ABBREVIATIONS

AAQM Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

APCD Air Pollution Control Devices

cm Centimeter

CPCB Central Pollution Control Board

dB Decibel

DG Diesel Generator

E East

ECC Emergency Control Centre

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMC Environmental Management Cell

EMP Environmental Management Plan

ENE East Of North- East

EPA Environmental Protection Agencies

ESE East Of South East

ETP Effluent treatment plant

FCC False Colour Composite

GC Gas Chromatography

GIS Geological Information System

GLC Ground level concentration

GPS Global Positioning System

HPLC High pressure Liquid Chromatography

IPA Iso propyl alcohol

IMD Indian Meteorological Department

IRS Indian Remote Sensing Satellite

ISCST Industrial Source Complex, Short Terms

ISO International Organization Of Standardization

ISS Indian Standard Specification

KLD Kilo Litre Per Day

Km Kilometer

KVA Kilo Volt Ampere

KW Kilo Watt

LISS Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensor

M Meter

M bgl Meter Below Ground Level

mg Milligram





Page | viii

ABBREVIATIONS

MoEF &

CC

Ministry Of Environment , Forest & Climate Change

mRL Mean Reference Level

MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

MT Million Tonne

MTPA Million Tonns Per Annum

N North

NE North-East

NH National Highway

NNE North Of North-East

NNW North Of North-West

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxides

NTU Naphelo Turbidity Unit

NW North-West

OHSAS Occupational Health & Safety Assessment

PPCB Punjab Pollution Control Board

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

PPM Part Per Million

Pvt. Private

R&R Rehabilitation & Resettlement

RDS Respirable Dust Sampler

RPM Respirable Particulate Matter

RSPM Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter

SE South- East

SEIAA State Level Environmental Assessment Authority

SO2 Sulphur-di-Oxide

SOI Survey Of India

SOPs Standard Operating Procedures

SPCB State Pollution Control Board

SPM Suspended Particulate Matter

SSE South Of South-East

SSW South Of South-West

STP Sewage Treatment plant

TAC Traffic Advisory Committee

TPA Tone Per Hour

TDS Total Dissolve Solid





Page | ix

ABBREVIATIONS

TOR Terms Of Reference

TPH Tones Per Hour

TS Total Solid

US EPA United State Environmental Protection Agencies

ug/m3 Micro gram per meter cube

VOC Volatile organic matter

w.e.f. With Effective From

w.r.t. With Reference To

W/W Weight By Weight

WNW West Of North-West

WSW West Of South-West

i

ToR Reply

ToR Description Reply Citation

1 Executive summary of the

project

Executive Summary of the project is given

in Chapter 11. --

2 Detailed breakup of the land area

along with latest photograph of

the area.

Total land required for the proposed project

is 84326.4 m2.

Out of which 33% will be

used for green belt development. Detailed

breakup of the land area of the area is given

in Chapter 2 of EIA report.

Item no.

2.4.4, page

no. 24-25

3 Present land use based on

satellite imagery

Present land use based on satellite imagery

has been prepared and is enclosed in

Chapter 3 of EIA report.

Item no.

3.4, page

no.48-51

4 Details of site and information

related to environmental setting

within 10 km radius of the

project site.

Details of site and information related to

environmental setting within 10 Km radius

of the project site have been given in

Chapter 1 of EIA report. Site photographs

are given in Annexure II.

Item no.

2.1 , page

no. 19-20

and

Annexure

II

5 Information regarding eco-

sensitive area such as national

park / wildlife sanctuary /

biosphere reserves within 10 km

radius of project area.

There is no eco-sensitive area such as

national park / wildlife sanctuary / biosphere

reserves within 10 Km radius of project

area.

Item no.

2.1 , page

no. 19-20

6 Permission from the State Forest

Department regarding the impact

of the proposed plant on the

surrounding reserve forest.

As there is no national park/wildlife

sanctuary/biosphere reserves within 10 Km

radius area and hence permission from State

Forest Department is not applicable.

---

7 List of existing distillery units in

the study area alongwith their

capacity

There is no distillery unit within the study

area.

---

8 Number of working days of the

distillery unit.

Working days - 330 days/year. --

9 Total cost of the project along

with total capital cost and

recurring cost/annum for

environmental pollution control

measures.

Total Project Cost – 6170.00 Lakhs

EMP Cost -815.00 Lakhs

Recurring Cost/Annum- 73.00 Lakhs

Item no.

10.3, page

no. 174-

175

10 Manufacturing process details of

distillery plant alongwith process

flow chart.

Manufacturing process details of distillery

plant alongwith process flow chart is given


Item no.

2.6, page

no. 27-34

ii


11 Details of raw materials and

source of raw material molasses,

bagasse etc.

S.

No

Unit Total Item no.

2.4.2, page

no. 23-24

1. Molasses Molasses from

Shahabad

sugar

mill

35,000

tonnes/y

ear

Molasses from

neighboring

mills

36,280

tonnes/y

ear

Transpo

rtation

by

tankers

2. Bagasse Requirement 24700

T/Annu

m

3. Water Requirement 950

KLD

4. Power Requirement 1780

KW

5. Steam requirement 19.0

Tons/Ho

ur

12 Sources and quantity of fuel

(coal etc.) for the boiler.

Measures to take care of SO2

emission. A copy of

Memorandum of Understanding

(MoU) signed with the coal

suppliers should be submitted, in

case coal is used.

Bagasse will be used as fuel. Details of same

is given in Chapter 2 of EIA report.

Item no.

2.4.5.1,

page no.

25-26

13 Action plan prepared by the

SPCB to control ambient air

quality as per NAAQES

Standards for PM10, PM2.5, SO2

and NOX as per GSR 826(E)

dated 16th

November, 2009.

Action plan will be prepared under the

supervision of Haryana State Pollution

Control Board during NOC stage.

--

iii


14 One season site-specific micro-

meteorological data using

temperature, relative humidity,

hourly wind speed and direction

and rainfall and AAQ data

(except monsoon) for PM10,

PM2.5, SO2, NOX and HC

(methane and non methane)

should be collected. The

monitoring stations should take

into account the pre-dominant

wind direction, population zone

and sensitive receptors including

reserved forests. Data for water

and noise monitoring should also

be included.

One season site specific Ambient Air

Quality data for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX and

HC (methane and non methane) has been

collected and incorporated in Chapter 3 of

EIA report.

Data for water and noise monitoring has

been collected and incorporated in Chapter 3

of EIA report.

Item no.

3.8, page

no. 58-63

Item no.

3.9, page

no. 63-67

for Noise,

Item no.

3.11, page

no. 74-80

for Water

15

Mathematical modeling for

calculating the dispersion of air

pollutants and ground level

concentration along with

emissions from the boiler.

Mathematical modeling for calculation of

dispersion of air pollutants and ground level

concentration along with emission from the

boiler has been done and is incorporated in


Item no.

4.2.1, page

no. 107-

115

16 An action plan to control and

monitor secondary fugitive

emissions from all the sources.

An action plan to control and monitor

secondary fugitive emissions from all the

sources is given in Chapter 10 of EIA

report.

Item no.

10.1.2,

page no.

170-171

17 Details of boiler and its

capacity. Details of the use of

steam from the boiler.

Boiler (20 TPH) will be based on Bagasse as

available fuel options. This Boiler will

operate mainly to feed steam to Molasses

based operations and 3.0 MW power

generations from Turbine. Also, the detail of

same is given in Chapter 2 of EIA report.

Item no.

2.10, page

no. 42-45

18 Ground water quality around

existing /proposed spent wash

storage lagoon and the project

area.

Ground water quality analysis has been done

and details are given in Chapter 3 of EIA

report.

Item no.

3.11, page

no. 74-80

19 Details of water requirement,

water balance chart for Molasses

based Distillery. Measures for

conservation water by recycling

and reuse to minimize the fresh

water requirement.

Details of water requirement, water balance

chart is incorporated in Chapter 2 of EIA

report.

Item no.

2.4.6, page

no.26

20 Water requirement should not

exceed 10 KL/KL of alcohol for

distillery and prior ‘permission’

Same has been noted and complied. Item no.

2.4.6, page

no.26

iv


for the drawl of total fresh water.

Details of source of water supply.

21 Hydro-geological study of the

area for availability of ground

water.

Hydro-geological study of the area is given


Item no.

3.6, page

no. 53-54

22 Spent wash generation from

molasses based should not

exceed 8Kl/Kl of alcohol

production.

Same has been noted and complied Item no.

2.10, page

no. 42-45

23 Proposed effluent treatment

system for molasses based

distillery (spent wash and spent

lees) and scheme for achieving

‘zero’ discharge.

The proposed Molasses based distillery

would be based on “Zero Effluent

Discharge”

Detailed ETP scheme has been incorporated

in EIA report.

Item no.

2.10, page

no. 42-45

24 Lagoon capacity for sugar unit

and spent wash as well measures

to be taken to control ground

water contamination.

A duly lined lagoon of 30 days capacity

shall be provided.

Item no.

2.10, page

no. 42-45

25 Details of solid waste

management including

management of boiler ash.

Submit Ash management plan.

MoU with cement plant for the

use of fly ash.

Details of solid waste management is given


Item no.

4.2.12,

page no.

126

26 Land available for bio-

composting. Details of lining to

be provided in the compost yard.

No land is reserved for bio composting as

waste will be incinerated in boiler.

-

27 Green belt development as per

the CPCB guidelines.

Green belt development as per the CPCB

guidelines will be done. Detail of same is

given in Chapter 10 of EIA report.

Item no.

10.1.7,

page no.

172-173

28 List of flora and fauna in the

study area.

Detailed list of flora and fauna is

incorporated in Chapter 3 of EIA report.

Item no.

3.12, page

no. 80-92

29 Noise levels monitoring at five

locations within the study area.

Noise level monitoring at five locations has

been done and is incorporated in Chapter 3

of EIA report.

Item no.

3.9, page

no. 63-67

30 Detailed Environment

management Plan (EMP) with

specific reference to details of air

pollution control system, water

and wastewater management,

monitoring frequency,

responsibility and time bound

Detailed Environment management Plan

(EMP) with specific reference to details of

air pollution control system, water and

wastewater management, monitoring

frequency, responsibility and time bound

implementation plan for mitigation measure


Page no.

169-176

v


implementation plan for

mitigation measure should be

provided.

31 EMP should also include the

concept of waste-minimization,

recycle/reuse/ recover

techniques, Energy conservation,

and natural resource

conservation.

Details of waste-minimization,

recycle/reuse/recover techniques, energy

conservation and natural resource

conservation is given in Chapter 10 of EIA

report.

Item no.

10.4,Page

no. 175

32 Details of bagasse storage.

Details of press mud

requirement.

Baggase will be stored in our existing

Shahabad Sugar Co-Operative mill. Press

Mud will be procured from our own

Shahabad sugar mill. Detail of same has

been given in Chapter 2 of EIA report.

Item no.

2.10, page

no.42-45

33 Risk assessment for storage and

handling of alcohol and

mitigation measure due to fire

and explosion and handling

areas.

Risk assessment for storage and handling of

alcohol and mitigation measure due to fire

and explosion and handling areas is given in


Item no.

7.2, page

no.145-

146

34 Alcohol storage and handling

area and its fire fighting facility

as per norms.

Alcohol storage and handling area and fire

fighting facility is incorporated in EIA

report.

Item no.

7.3.5, page

no. 147-

148

35 Action plan for rainwater

harvesting measures at plant site

should be included to harvest

rainwater from the roof tops and

storm water drains to recharge

the ground water.

Action plan for rainwater harvesting

measures at plant site to harvest rainwater

from the roof tops and storm water drains to

recharge the ground water is incorporated in


Item no.

4.2.4, page no. 118-

120

36 Details of occupational health

programme

Details of occupational health programme is


Item no.

10.1.8,

page no.

173

37 To which chemicals, workers are

exposed directly or indirectly.

Details of same is given in Chapter 7 of EIA

report.

Item no.

7.5, page

no. 152

38 Whether these chemicals are

within Threshold Limit Values

(TLV)/ Permissible Exposure

Levels as per ACGIH

recommendation.

Yes --

39 What measures company has

taken to keep these chemicals

within PEL/TLV.

Not required, as all the chemicals are within

TLV

--

40 How the workers are evaluated Detail of same is given in Chapter 10 of EIA Item no.

vi


concerning their exposure to

chemicals during preplacement

and periodical medical

monitoring.

report. 10.1.8,

page no.

173

41 What are onsite and offsite

emergency plan during chemical

disaster.

Onsite and offsite emergency plan is


Item no.

7.2, page

no. 145-

156

42 Liver function tests (LFT) during

pre-placement and periodical

examination.

Same will be done accordingly --


surveillance programme.

Occupational health surveillance programme

is incorporated in Chapter 10 of EIA report.

Item no.

10.1.8,

page no.

173

44 Details of socio-economic

welfare activities to be provided.

Details of socio-economic welfare activities


Item no.

8.3 , page

no.163-

164

45 Traffic study of the area for the

proposed projects in respect of

existing traffic, type of vehicles,

frequency of vehicles for

transportation of materials,

additional traffic due to proposed

project, parking arrangement etc.

Detailed traffic study of the area for the

proposed project in respect of existing

traffic, type of vehicles, frequency of

vehicles for transportation of materials,

additional traffic due to proposed project has


of EIA report.

Item no.

3.9.2, page

no. 67-70

46 Action plan for post-project

environmental monitoring.

Post-project environmental monitoring will

be done after commissioning of project.

Also, proposed action plan for the same is


Item no.

6.1, page

no. 131-

133

47 Corporate Environmental

Responsibility

Item no.

8.3, page

no. 163-

164

48

(a)

Does the company have a well

laid down Environment Policy

approved by its Board of

Directors? If so, it may be

detailed in the EIA report.

Yes Item no.

10.0, Page

no. 169

vii


49

(b)

Does the Environmental Policy

prescribe for standard operating

process/procedures to bring into

focus any infringement /

deviation / violation of the

environmental or forest norms /

conditions? If so, it may be


Detail of same is given in Chapter 10 of EIA

report.

Item no.

10.0, Page

no. 169

50

(c)

What is the hierarchical system

or Administrative order of the

company to deal with the

environmental issues and for

ensuring compliance with the EC

conditions. Details of this system

may be given.


report.

Item no.

6.4, page

no. 134-

135

51

(d)

Does the company have a system

of reporting of non compliance /

violations of environmental

norms to the Board of Directors

of the company and / or

shareholders or stakeholders at

large? This reporting mechanism

should be detailed in the EIA

report.


report.

Item no.

10.0, Page

no. 169

52 Any litigation pending against

the project and /or any direction

/order passed by any Court of

Law against the project, if so,

details thereof

No litigation is pending against the Project

and /or any direction /order passed by any

Court of Law against the project.

--

53 Public hearing issues raised and

commitments made by the

project proponent on the same

should be included separately in

EIA/EMP Report in the form of

tabular chart with financial

budget for complying with the

commitments made.

Public consultation for the proposed project

was conducted by Haryana State Pollution

Control Board, Panchkula on dated 19th

May

2015 at 11 A.M at Village Jandheri, Tehsil

Shahabad, District Kurukshetra (Haryana).

Details of query asked by people along with

action plan is given Chapter 7 of EIA report.

Item

no.7.1,

Page no.

136-145

54 A tabular chart with index for

point-wise compliance of above

ToRs.

The details have been complied. --

A Additional TOR

1 Public hearing to be conducted

and issues raised and



Item

no.7.1,

viii




should be included in EIA/EMP

report in the form of tabular chart

with financial budget for

complying with commitments

made


May





Page no.

136-145

2 Permission to be obtained for

withdrawal of water from

concerned authority

Application has been submitted for the

same.

--

M/s Shahabad Co-operative Sugar Mills Ltd. Final EIA/EMP Report

(60 KLD Ethanol Plant and 3 MW Captive Power Plant)



Document no. 2014 VI_10043_FEIA 1

Chapter -1

Introduction

1.0 Introduction to EIA

The term Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) refers to the anticipation of various

impacts a project will have on the environment and the local community. It is a decision

making tool, which guides decision makers in taking appropriate decisions prior to

sanctioning clearance.

According to the UNEP-DTIE, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a tool used to

identify the environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to decision-

making. It aims to predict environmental impacts at an early stage in project planning and

design, find ways and means to reduce adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the local

environment and present the predictions and options to decision-makers. By using EIA

both environmental and economic benefits can be achieved, such as reduced cost and

time of project implementation and design, avoided treatment/clean-up costs and impacts

of laws and regulations.

Under the Environment Protection Act 1986, a notification on EIA was passed in India,

which made it obligatory for certain development projects to prepare and submit an EIA

prior to environmental clearance. This notification says, no developmental activities shall

be allowed in unprecedented manner. This is a powerful notification, which has not only

restricted the siting of projects in restricted areas but also; restricts the commencement of

construction and production till the project gets cleared from the environmental angle.

EIA systematically examines both beneficial and adverse consequences of the proposed

project and ensures that these impacts are taken into account during the project design. It

helps to identify possible environmental impacts of the proposed project, proposes

measures to mitigate adverse effects and predicts whether there will be significant

adverse environmental effects, even after the mitigation is in place. By considering

environmental effects and mitigation early in the project planning cycle, there are many

benefits, such as protection of the environment, optimum utilisation of resources and

saving overall time and cost of the project. Properly conducted EIA also lessens conflicts






by promoting community participation, informs decision makers, and helps lay the base

for environmentally sound projects. Benefits of integrating EIA have been observed in all

stages of a project, from exploration and planning, through several phases like

construction, operations, decommissioning, and site closure.

EIA is different from other decision-making tools like environment audit, which is

conducted on existing projects, while the EIA is applied to new projects and the

expansion of existing projects. EIA uses the techniques of science, economics, sociology,

geology etc while assessing the project because it is dealing with events, which have not

yet occurred, may not occur, but whose chances of occurrence may be strong in future.

There are various other tools like energy analysis, cost-benefit analysis, environment

management systems and risk analysis. EIA is by far the most suitable tool for any

proposed project. It is also one of the most popular decision-making tools and has been

integrated in the regulatory system of many countries.

Depending on the types of project and severity of impact, generally two types of EIA are

conducted.

Rapid EIA: This is carried out for projects that are likely to cause limited adverse

impacts. In rapid EIA, data or information is collected for only one season (other than

monsoon). Therefore, the time frame for undertaking rapid EIA is much shorter (3

months).

Comprehensive EIA: As the name suggests, this is conducted over a year as it involves

collection of data/information for three seasons (other than monsoons). It is usually

conducted for projects that are likely to cause more or a series of adverse impacts.

However, in India, there are no clear guidelines on the type of projects for which

comprehensive EIA should be conducted. As per the new EIA notification, the authority

in charge of issuing environmental clearances (either the Union ministry for environment

and forests (MoEF&CC) or the state level body) decides whether the project proponent

has to conduct a rapid or a comprehensive EIA.






1.1 Purpose of the Report

As per the EIA Notification dated 14th

September 2006, as amended from time to time; it

is mandatory to have the Environmental Clearance for any new industry or the expansion

of the industry from Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&

CC), Government of India, New Delhi for which EIA is required be conducted as per the

guidelines of MoEF&CC, New Delhi. The purpose of the EIA report is to provide a

coherent statement of the potential impacts of proposed project and the measures that

should be taken to establish the impacts and suggest mitigation measures. It contains

essential information for:

i. The proponent to implement the proposal in an environmentally and socially

responsible manner;

ii. The responsible authority to make an informed decision on the proposal, including

the terms and conditions that must be attached to an approval or authorization; and

iii. The public to understand the proposal and its likely impacts on people and the

environment.

1.2 Regulatory Frame Work

The principal environmental regulatory agency in India is the Ministry of Environment,

Forests and Climate change (MoEF&CC), New Delhi. MoEF&CC formulates

environmental policies and accords environmental clearance for the projects.

It is important to note that the Central Government framed ‘umbrella legislation’, called

the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 to broadly encompass and regulate an array of

environmental issues. The overall purpose of EPA is to establish an overall coherent

policy and provide a basis for the coordinated work of various government agencies with

operational responsibility for the environment and natural resources. This legislation also

invests authorities with regulatory powers to address specific issues affecting the

environment. The Act does not allow any person to establish an industry, operation or

process that discharge or emit any environmental pollutant in excess of standards

prescribed under specific rules and notifications.

The Acts, Rules and Notifications applicable to environmental aspects of the construction

and operational phases of proposed project is briefly described in the following sections:






Summary of Environmental Legislation for Proposed Project

i. Environment Impact Assessment Notification, dated 14th

September 2006, as

amended on 1st December, 2009.

ii. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986.

iii. Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1987 (as amended) with Rules.

iv. Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 with Rules.

v. Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2006 (as amended).

vi. The Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000.

vii. The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1992 (as amended).

viii. Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 2000 (as

amended).

ix. The Explosives Rules, 2008.

x. Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules,

2008.

xi. Public Liability Insurance Rules,1992.

xii. Excise and Taxation Act 2000.

1.3 Identification of Project and Project Proponent

1.3.1 Project Details

M/s Shahabad Coop. Sugar Mills is planning to set up a 60 KLD capacity molasses based

ethanol unit having 3.0 MW captive power plant at Village -Jandheri, Tehsil-Shahabad,

Dist. Kurukshetra, Haryana. The project is planned to be established over an area of

84326.4 m2. The plant will operate 330 days in a year and will produce Ethanol/ Absolute

Alcohol.

1.3.2 Identification of Project Proponent

M/s Shahabad Sugar Ltd. has following representatives:

1.Mr.B.S. Kaliraman, Managing Director

2. Mr. Sushil Kumar, Chief Chemist

3.Mr.Upadhayay,ChiefEngg.






The Study Area and Google map is given in Figure 1.1 and Figure 1.2.

Figure 1.1: Study Area Map






Figure 1.2: Google Map of the Project Location






1.4 Importance of Project to the Country and Region

Molasses based distillation is being used in India for the production of alcohol since

ancient days. The molasses based distilleries are linked with sugar factory where sugar

producing farmers are benefited. The proposed project where alcohol will be produced

from cane molasses by continuous fermentation and multi pressure distillation technology

will give better productivity and quality of alcohol. Ethyl Alcohol, Alcohol, Spirit,

Denatures Spirit, there are myriad descriptions for this agriculture based product. A

globally traded commodity, ethanol fires combustible engines in Brazil, slakes the thirst

of many in Europe and finds its way in pharmaceutical and chemical industries across the

world. Ethanol is made by two routes either by synthetic one from petroleum substances

or by fermentation from sugar-bearing or starchy substrates using yeast. Alcohol finds its

use in diverse application ranging from potable liquor to life-saving drugs to paints &

perfumery to renewable source of energy.

Ethyl Alcohol is an important feedstock for the manufacture of various chemicals. These

chemicals are primarily the basic carbon based products like Acetic acid, Butanol,

Butadiene, Acetic Anhydride, PVC etc. Ethylene, Ethylene oxide are also produced from

a petrochemical route, however this requires plants of huge scales and thus require

substantially high investments. The drug industry also uses alcohol as a raw material for

production of Insulin, Antibiotics, tonics and several other essential bulk drugs &

formulations. Keeping in view of the above, M/s Shahabad co-operative Sugar Mills has

proposed a 60 KLD ethanol plant along with 3 MW captive power plant at Village -

Jandheri, Tehsil-Shahabad, Dist. Kurukshetra, Haryana.

1.4.1 Demand-Supply Gap

Indian Government had set up an Expert Group headed by the Executive Director of the

Centre for High Technology for examining various options of blending ethanol with

petrol at terminals/depots. Considering the logistical and financial advantages, this Group

had recommended blending of ethanol with petrol at supply locations (terminals / depots)

of oil companies. In view of the above, Government vide the Gazette notification of 3rd

September, 2002 No. P-45018/28/2000-C.C had mandated that with effect from 1st

January 2003, 5% ethanol-doped petrol will be supplied in following nine States and four






contiguous Union Territories of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka,

Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Pondicherry, Daman and Diu, Goa,

Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Chandigarh. This was the beginning of ethanol

implementation in 1st phase. Government of India further announced to implement the

Ethanol programme in 2nd

phase. This was intended to supply ethanol blended Gasoline

across the country effective the year 2006 and in 3rd

phase switching over from the

existing 5% to 10% blending of ethanol in selected states.

With implementation of the 5% Ethanol-Blended Petrol (EBP) programme throughout

the country still a distant dream due to various complications like ethanol shortages, the

variable taxation structure of state governments and regulatory restrictions, the petroleum

ministry has decided to defer the proposed rollout of mandatory 10% blending of

ethanol, which was expected to take place from October, 2008 onwards.

Table 1.1

Demand and Supply of Ethanol

Projected demand and supply of ethanol for 5% blending in Petrol

Year

Petro

l

Dema

nd

(MT)

Ethanol

Demand

(ML)

Molasses

Prodn.

(MT)

Ethanol production

(ML)

Ethanol utilization

(ML)

Mola

sses Cane Total

Potabl

e

Indus

try

Bala

nce

2001-02 7.07 416.14 8.77 1775 0 1775 648 600 527

2006-07 10.07 592.72 11.36 2300 1485 3785 765 711 2309

2011-12 12.85 756.36 11.36 2300 1485 3785 887 844 2054

2016-17 16.4 965.30 11.36 2300 1485 3785 1028 1003 1754

Source: Planning Commission (2003)

1.5 Site Selection Criteria

Site selected for the project has some advantageous features. These are:

i. There is no human settlement in 500 m radius.

ii. Easy availability of raw material due to existing sugar mill and nearby sugar mill

iii. Location in rural area ensures adequate availability of manpower at marginally lower

rates, compared to metro cities of India.






iv. There is no National Park, Biosphere Reserves, Tiger Reserves, Reserved / Protected

Forests within 10 Km radius of study area.

v. There is no water body within core zone.

vi. Nearness to NH-1 and SH -7 makes it easier to transport raw materials & final

product at market.

1.6 Structure of the Report

The entire EIA report is prepared based on the generic structure of EIA document given

at APPENDIX III of the Notification No. S.O. 1533 dated 14th

September, 2006 at MoEF

& CC, New Delhi.

The report has been divided into ten chapters as described below:

Chapter-1 gives information about the proposed project including its location and

justification/importance, brief details around the surrounding area and details about site

selection criteria considered. It also outlines the statutory requirement of obtaining prior

Environment Clearance, steps to be followed for the same and basic purpose, scope and

methodology of EIA study.

Chapter-2 is Project Description and infrastructure facilities incorporating all industrial

and environmental activities of the project proponent for setting up of the proposed

project. It also gives information about manufacturing process and raw materials, sources

of pollution and details of pollution control facilities to be provided i.e. water and waste

water details, air pollution and control system, sludge storage facility, noise control

measures etc.

Chapter-3 is Description of the Environment which includes Base Line Environment

Study giving details about status of air quality, meteorology, water, noise, land, ecology

and socio economic environment of the study area based on information collected

through actual field study or from secondary sources.

Chapter-4 is Identification of Impacts and its mitigation measures, which identifies the

impacts of various environmental parameters whether beneficial or deleterious for the

construction and operation phase of the project. It also quantifies significant impacts of

the proposed project on various environmental components for the construction and

operation phase of the project.






Chapter-5 Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site) identifies the description of

each alternative, Summary of adverse impacts of each alternative, Mitigation measures

proposed for each alternative.

Chapter-6 is Environmental Monitoring Plan which provides details of monitoring plan

of various environmental parameters as well as its frequency of monitoring.

Chapter-7 is Additional Studies which includes Public Consultation, Risk Assessment,

Social Impact Assessment, and R and R Action Plans

Chapter-8 is Benefits due to the proposed project including improvement in Physical

infrastructure, improvement in the social infrastructure, Employment potential–skilled,

semi-skilled and others.

Chapter -9 is Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis.

Chapter-10 is Environmental Management Plan (EMP) incorporating measures to be

adopted for mitigation of anticipated adverse impacts, if any safety measures, post-

project monitoring program for environmental parameters, green belt development etc.

Chapter-11 is the Summary and Conclusion of the proposed Project, includes overall

justification of the project.

Chapter-12 is Profile of Consultant Engaged for the monitoring and preparation of EIA

report.

1.7 Scope of the Study

The Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry 2) of MoEF&CC considered the project at its

meeting held on January 20th

-21st, 2015. Based on the consideration of the documents

submitted and the presentation made by the project proponent, the Committee prescribed

the following Terms of Reference for preparing (copy enclosed as Annexure –I) the EIA

report. The reply of the ToR conditions is given below:

Table 1.2 : ToR Compliance


1 Executive summary of the

project

Executive Summary of the project is given

in Chapter 11. --

2 Detailed breakup of the land area

along with latest photograph of

the area.

Total land required for the proposed project

is 84326.4 m2.

Out of which 33% will be

used for green belt development. Detailed

breakup of the land area of the area is given


Item no.

2.4.4, page

no. 24-25







3 Present land use based on

satellite imagery

Present land use based on satellite imagery

has been prepared and is enclosed in


Item no.

3.4, page

no.48-51

4 Details of site and information

related to environmental setting

within 10 km radius of the

project site.

Details of site and information related to

environmental setting within 10 Km radius

of the project site have been given in

Chapter 1 of EIA report. Site photographs

are given in Annexure II.

Item no.

2.1 , page

no. 19-20

and

Annexure

II

5 Information regarding eco-

sensitive area such as national

park / wildlife sanctuary /

biosphere reserves within 10 km

radius of project area.

There is no eco-sensitive area such as

national park / wildlife sanctuary / biosphere

reserves within 10 Km radius of project

area.

Item no.

2.1 , page

no. 19-20

6 Permission from the State Forest

Department regarding the impact

of the proposed plant on the

surrounding reserve forest.

As there is no national park/wildlife

sanctuary/biosphere reserves within 10 Km

radius area and hence permission from State

Forest Department is not applicable.

---

7 List of existing distillery units in

the study area alongwith their

capacity

There is no distillery unit within the study

area.

---

8 Number of working days of the

distillery unit.

Working days - 330 days/year. --

9 Total cost of the project along

with total capital cost and

recurring cost/annum for

environmental pollution control

measures.

Total Project Cost – 6170.00 Lakhs

EMP Cost -815.00 Lakhs

Recurring Cost/Annum- 73.00 Lakhs

Item no.

10.3, page

no. 174-

175

10 Manufacturing process details of

distillery plant alongwith process

flow chart.

Manufacturing process details of distillery

plant alongwith process flow chart is given


Item no.

2.6, page

no. 27-34

11 Details of raw materials and

source of raw material molasses,

bagasse etc.

S.

No

Unit Total Item no.

2.4.2, page

no. 23-24

1. Molasses Molasses from

Shahabad

sugar

mill

35,000

tonnes/y

ear

Molasses from

neighboring

36,280

tonnes/y







mills ear

Transpo

rtation

by

tankers

2. Bagasse Requirement 24700

T/Annu

m

3. Water Requirement 950

KLD

4. Power Requirement 1780

KW

5. Steam requirement 19.0

Tons/Ho

ur

12 Sources and quantity of fuel

(coal etc.) for the boiler.

Measures to take care of SO2

emission. A copy of

Memorandum of Understanding

(MoU) signed with the coal

suppliers should be submitted, in

case coal is used.

Bagasse will be used as fuel. Details of same


Item no.

2.4.5.1,

page no.

25-26

13 Action plan prepared by the

SPCB to control ambient air

quality as per NAAQES

Standards for PM10, PM2.5, SO2

and NOX as per GSR 826(E)

dated 16th

November, 2009.

Action plan will be prepared under the

supervision of Haryana State Pollution

Control Board during NOC stage.

--







14 One season site-specific micro-

meteorological data using

temperature, relative humidity,

hourly wind speed and direction

and rainfall and AAQ data

(except monsoon) for PM10,

PM2.5, SO2, NOX and HC

(methane and non methane)

should be collected. The

monitoring stations should take

into account the pre-dominant

wind direction, population zone

and sensitive receptors including

reserved forests. Data for water

and noise monitoring should also

be included.

One season site specific Ambient Air

Quality data for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX and

HC (methane and non methane) has been

collected and incorporated in Chapter 3 of

EIA report.

Data for water and noise monitoring has

been collected and incorporated in Chapter 3

of EIA report.

Item no.

3.8, page

no. 58-63

Item no.

3.9, page

no. 63-67

for Noise,

Item no.

3.11, page

no. 74-80

for Water

15

Mathematical modeling for

calculating the dispersion of air

pollutants and ground level

concentration along with

emissions from the boiler.

Mathematical modeling for calculation of

dispersion of air pollutants and ground level

concentration along with emission from the

boiler has been done and is incorporated in


Item no.

4.2.1, page

no. 107-

115

16 An action plan to control and

monitor secondary fugitive

emissions from all the sources.

An action plan to control and monitor

secondary fugitive emissions from all the

sources is given in Chapter 10 of EIA

report.

Item no.

10.1.2,

page no.

170-171

17 Details of boiler and its

capacity. Details of the use of

steam from the boiler.

Boiler (20 TPH) will be based on Bagasse as

available fuel options. This Boiler will

operate mainly to feed steam to Molasses

based operations and 3.0 MW power

generations from Turbine. Also, the detail of

same is given in Chapter 2 of EIA report.

Item no.

2.10, page

no. 42-45

18 Ground water quality around

existing /proposed spent wash

storage lagoon and the project

area.

Ground water quality analysis has been done

and details are given in Chapter 3 of EIA

report.

Item no.

3.11, page

no. 74-80

19 Details of water requirement,

water balance chart for Molasses

based Distillery. Measures for

conservation water by recycling

and reuse to minimize the fresh

water requirement.

Details of water requirement, water balance

chart is incorporated in Chapter 2 of EIA

report.

Item no.

2.4.6, page

no.26

20 Water requirement should not

exceed 10 KL/KL of alcohol for

distillery and prior ‘permission’

Same has been noted and complied. Item no.

2.4.6, page

no.26







for the drawl of total fresh water.

Details of source of water supply.

21 Hydro-geological study of the

area for availability of ground

water.

Hydro-geological study of the area is given


Item no.

3.6, page

no. 53-54

22 Spent wash generation from

molasses based should not

exceed 8Kl/Kl of alcohol

production.

Same has been noted and complied Item no.

2.10, page

no. 42-45

23 Proposed effluent treatment

system for molasses based

distillery (spent wash and spent

lees) and scheme for achieving

‘zero’ discharge.

The proposed Molasses based distillery

would be based on “Zero Effluent

Discharge”

Detailed ETP scheme has been incorporated

in EIA report.

Item no.

2.10, page

no. 42-45

24 Lagoon capacity for sugar unit

and spent wash as well measures

to be taken to control ground

water contamination.

A duly lined lagoon of 30 days capacity

shall be provided.

Item no.

2.10, page

no. 42-45

25 Details of solid waste

management including

management of boiler ash.

Submit Ash management plan.

MoU with cement plant for the

use of fly ash.

Details of solid waste management is given


Item no.

4.2.12,

page no.

126

26 Land available for bio-

composting. Details of lining to

be provided in the compost yard.

No land is reserved for bio composting as

waste will be incinerated in boiler.

-

27 Green belt development as per

the CPCB guidelines.

Green belt development as per the CPCB

guidelines will be done. Detail of same is

given in Chapter 10 of EIA report.

Item no.

10.1.7,

page no.

172-173

28 List of flora and fauna in the

study area.

Detailed list of flora and fauna is


Item no.

3.12, page

no. 80-92

29 Noise levels monitoring at five

locations within the study area.

Noise level monitoring at five locations has


of EIA report.

Item no.

3.9, page

no. 63-67

30 Detailed Environment

management Plan (EMP) with

specific reference to details of air

pollution control system, water

and wastewater management,

monitoring frequency,

Detailed Environment management Plan

(EMP) with specific reference to details of

air pollution control system, water and

wastewater management, monitoring

frequency, responsibility and time bound

implementation plan for mitigation measure

Page no.

169-176







responsibility and time bound

implementation plan for

mitigation measure should be

provided.


31 EMP should also include the

concept of waste-minimization,

recycle/reuse/ recover

techniques, Energy conservation,

and natural resource

conservation.

Details of waste-minimization,

recycle/reuse/recover techniques, energy

conservation and natural resource

conservation is given in Chapter 10 of EIA

report.

Item no.

10.4,Page

no. 175

32 Details of bagasse storage.

Details of press mud

requirement.

Baggase will be stored in our existing

Shahabad Sugar Co-Operative mill. Press

Mud will be procured from our own

Shahabad sugar mill. Detail of same has

been given in Chapter 2 of EIA report.

Item no.

2.10, page

no.42-45

33 Risk assessment for storage and

handling of alcohol and

mitigation measure due to fire

and explosion and handling

areas.

Risk assessment for storage and handling of

alcohol and mitigation measure due to fire

and explosion and handling areas is given in


Item no.

7.2, page

no.145-

146

34 Alcohol storage and handling

area and its fire fighting facility

as per norms.

Alcohol storage and handling area and fire

fighting facility is incorporated in EIA

report.

Item no.

7.3.5, page

no. 147-

148

35 Action plan for rainwater

harvesting measures at plant site

should be included to harvest

rainwater from the roof tops and

storm water drains to recharge

the ground water.

Action plan for rainwater harvesting

measures at plant site to harvest rainwater

from the roof tops and storm water drains to

recharge the ground water is incorporated in


Item no.

4.2.4, page no. 118-

120


programme

Details of occupational health programme is


Item no.

10.1.8,

page no.

173

37 To which chemicals, workers are

exposed directly or indirectly.

Details of same is given in Chapter 7 of EIA

report.

Item no.

7.5, page

no. 152

38 Whether these chemicals are

within Threshold Limit Values

(TLV)/ Permissible Exposure

Levels as per ACGIH

recommendation.

Yes --

39 What measures company has

taken to keep these chemicals

within PEL/TLV.

Not required, as all the chemicals are within

TLV

--







40 How the workers are evaluated

concerning their exposure to

chemicals during preplacement

and periodical medical

monitoring.


report.

Item no.

10.1.8,

page no.

173

41 What are onsite and offsite

emergency plan during chemical

disaster.

Onsite and offsite emergency plan is


Item no.

7.2, page

no. 145-

156

42 Liver function tests (LFT) during

pre-placement and periodical

examination.

Same will be done accordingly --


surveillance programme.

Occupational health surveillance programme

is incorporated in Chapter 10 of EIA report.

Item no.

10.1.8,

page no.

173

44 Details of socio-economic

welfare activities to be provided.

Details of socio-economic welfare activities


Item no.

8.3 , page

no.163-

164

45 Traffic study of the area for the

proposed projects in respect of

existing traffic, type of vehicles,

frequency of vehicles for

transportation of materials,

additional traffic due to proposed

project, parking arrangement etc.

Detailed traffic study of the area for the

proposed project in respect of existing

traffic, type of vehicles, frequency of

vehicles for transportation of materials,

additional traffic due to proposed project has


of EIA report.

Item no.

3.9.2, page

no. 67-70

46 Action plan for post-project

environmental monitoring.

Post-project environmental monitoring will

be done after commissioning of project.

Also, proposed action plan for the same is


Item no.

6.1, page

no. 131-

133

47 Corporate Environmental

Responsibility

Item no.

8.3, page

no. 163-

164

48

(a)

Does the company have a well

laid down Environment Policy

approved by its Board of

Directors? If so, it may be


Yes Item no.

10.0, Page

no. 169







49

(b)

Does the Environmental Policy

prescribe for standard operating

process/procedures to bring into

focus any infringement /

deviation / violation of the

environmental or forest norms /

conditions? If so, it may be



report.

Item no.

10.0, Page

no. 169

50

(c)

What is the hierarchical system

or Administrative order of the

company to deal with the

environmental issues and for

ensuring compliance with the EC

conditions. Details of this system

may be given.


report.

Item no.

6.4, page

no. 134-

135

51

(d)

Does the company have a system

of reporting of non compliance /

violations of environmental

norms to the Board of Directors

of the company and / or

shareholders or stakeholders at

large? This reporting mechanism

should be detailed in the EIA

report.


report.

Item no.

10.0, Page

no. 169

52 Any litigation pending against

the project and /or any direction

/order passed by any Court of

Law against the project, if so,

details thereof

No Legitimate pending against the Project

and /or any direction /order passed by any

Court of Law against the project.

--

53 Public hearing issues raised and



should be included separately in

EIA/EMP Report in the form of

tabular chart with financial

budget for complying with the

commitments made.




May





Item

no.7.1,

Page no.

136-145

54 A tabular chart with index for

point-wise compliance of above

ToRs.

The details have been complied. --

A Additional TOR

1 Public hearing to be conducted Public consultation for the proposed project Item







and issues raised and



should be included in EIA/EMP

report in the form of tabular chart

with financial budget for

complying with commitments

made



May





no.7.1,

Page no.

136-145

2 Permission to be obtained for

withdrawal of water from

concerned authority

Application has been submitted for the

same.

--






Chapter - 2

Project Description

2.0 Introduction

This chapter deals with the technical details of the proposed project, details of

infrastructure, various sources of pollution and mitigation measures proposed to control

pollution.

2.1 Type of the Project and Site Description




84326.4 m2. The plant will operate 330 days in a year and will produce Ethanol/ Absolute

Alcohol.

The environmental setting of the proposed project is given in Table-2.1.

Table- 2.1 Location Details

S. No. Particulars Details

1. Nature and size of the Project 60 KLPD ethanol plant and 3.0 MW

captive power plant.

2. Location details

Village Jandheri

Tehsil Shahabad

District Kurukshetra

State Haryana

Latitude and Longitude 300 9’ 2.631’’ N

760 53’ 40.424’’ E

Toposheet No. (OSM No.) H43K16

Land Requirement 84326.4 m2

3. Cost Details

Project Cost Rs. 6170 Lakhs

Cost for Environmental Protection

Measures

Rs. 815 Lakhs






Table- 2.2 Infrastructure Details

4. Environmental Setting Details (with approximate aerial distance and

direction from the project site)

Nearest Village Village Jandheri

Nearest Town/City Shahabad Markanda, 3.1 Km NW

Nearest Post Office Barara, 15.40 Km NE

Nearest Highway SH -7, 0.2 Km SW

NH-1. 2.8 Km W

Nearest Railway Station Shahabad Railway Station.3.15 Km NW

Nearest Airport Chandigarh Airport, 58.3 Km NW

National Parks/ Wild Life

Sanctuaries/ Biosphere

Reserves/RF and PF within 10 Km

radius

There is no National Parks/ Wild Life

Sanctuaries/ Biosphere Reserves/RF and

PF within 10km radius area of project site

Nearest Water Bodies Markanda River, 2.5 Km N

Seismic Zone Zone III

2.2 Project Location and Layout

The proposed project is located at Village -Jandheri, Tehsil-Shahabad, Dist. Kurukshetra,

Haryana. The Location map of the project site is given in Figure -2.1 and layout plan of

the project site is given in Figure 2.2.






Figure 2.1: Location Map of the Project Site






Figure 2.2: Site Layout Plan






2.3 Need for the Project

The molasses has very high BODs and CODs. If the same is not in use properly

will cause more damage to Environment.

The molasses can be converted in valuable products like Rectified Spirit/Ethanol

and risk of more pollution can be diluted.

The latest technology is adopted with a better productivity and quality of alcohol.

The molasses based distilleries are linked with sugar factory and sugar producing

farmers will be benefit by it.

These are also involved in several developmental activities to help farmers.

Justification

Rectified Spirit/Ethyl Alcohol will be available for IMFL unit.

Revenue will be generated for the state government.

Foreign currency will be saved.

Import of foreign liquor will reduce.

Employment will be provided to nearby people, which will reduce poverty.

Development of local region

Increase in Local Business

Standard of Living of people will increase.

2.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation

2.4.1 Products

The Company proposes to setup 60 KLD capacity molasses based ethanol unit having 3.0

MW captive power plant.

2.4.2 Raw Materials

The raw materials required for proposed project is given in Table 2.3.






Table 2.3 Raw Materials

S. No. Unit Total

1. Molasses Molasses from Shahabad sugar

mill

35,000 tonnes/year

Molasses from neighboring mills 36,280 tonnes/year

Transportation by tankers

2. Bagasse Requirement 24700 T/Annum

3. Water Requirement 950 KLD

4. Power Requirement 1780 KW

5. Steam requirement 19.0 Tons/Hour

2.4.3 Action Plan of Transportation of the Raw material and Product

Table 2.4 Action Plan for Transportation of Raw Material

S.no. Type of vehicle No. of vehicle/day

1. Trucks 2

2. Lorries 2

3. Van/Car 7

Total 11

i. One entry and one exit has been proposed to mitigate the traffic.

ii. Two watchman will be deployed at entry and exit gate.

iii. Pressure horn will be avoid in the factory premises.

iv. PUC will be checked for each vehicle entered in the factory premise.

v. Mettelled road will be connected to approach road to avoid traffic congestion.

2.4.4 Area breakup

The total land required for the proposed project is given in Table-2.5 and Layout of the

Plant is given in Figure -2.2.






Table 2.5 Area Breakup

S.No. Particulars Area (m2) Area (%)

1. Plant Area 20575.61 24.4

2. Admin Office 3735.65 4.43

3. Storages 4528.32 5.37

4. Utilities 10152.88 12.04

5. Road Parking 15263.06 18.1

6. Store & Work Shop 2243.07 2.66

7. Green Belt 27827.67 33

Total 84326.3 100

Source: Detailed Project Report

2.4.5 Power

As the process steam requirement is quite large and suitable for cheap power generation

via cogeneration system a steam turbo- alternator is provided to meet the process demand

of power. Hence a 3.0 MW turbo alternator is suggested in conformity with steam plant

capacity. The surplus power will be exported to grid through sugar mill cogeneration

plant and power transmission during season and will be utilized in house during off-

season. Power requirement in the ethanol plant is shown in detail in Table-2.6.

Table 2.6 Power Consumption Details

Area Operating Load (KW)

Fermentation/ Distillation 300

Dehydration plant 80

Cooling water, Air compressor, Water softening plant, DM

plant, Raw water supply, waste water treatment, etc.

500

R.O and Nano station for waste water 250

CO2 plant 150

Captive power plant 400

Contingencies 100

Total 1780 Source: Detailed Project Report

2.4.5.1 Fuel for Power Plant

Shahabad Co-op. Sugar mills limited would be installing 3.0 MW cogeneration power

plant along with the distillery unit. The fuel (Bagasse / Rice husk) requirements for the 20






TPH boiler furnaces of the cogeneration power plant would be around 24700 T/Annum

(75.0 TPD). Fuel will be transported by covered trucks.

2.4.6 Water Supply

The water requirement will be 950 KLD. This water will be supplied from the existing

borewell. The water details are given in Table -2.7.

Table 2.7 Water Requirement

Sr. No. Particular Details

1. Process Water 500 KLD

2. Soft Water 195 KLD

3. Boiler Water 250 KLD

4. Domestic Use 5 KLD

Total 950 KLD Source: Detailed Project Report

2.4.7 Manpower

Total manpower required for the proposed project is 110.

Table 2.8 :Manpower Requirement

S. No. Particulars No. of personal

1. Administrative Staff 5

2. Supervisor 5

3. Skilled Worker 20

4. Semi Skilled Worker 30

5. Unskilled Worker 50

Total 110

Source: Detailed Project Report

2.4.8 Health and Sanitation

To ensure optimum hygienic conditions in the plant area, proper drainage network will be

provided to avoid water logging and outflow. Adequate health related measures and a

well equipped safety and environment department will be provided to ensure clean and

healthy environment.

2.5 Proposed Scheduled for Approval and Implementation

The proposed project will be completed with 12 months for the Zero data.






2.6 Technology and Process Description

A) Ethyl Alcohol

Material balance

Molasses is the main raw material used in India for production of Alcohol. Molasses

contain about 50% total sugars, out of which, 30 to 33% are cane sugar and the rest are

reducing sugar. During the fermentation, yeast strains of the species Saccharomyces

Cerevisiae, a living micro-organism belonging to class fungi converts sugar present in the

molasses, such as sucrose or glucose to alcohol. Chemically this transformation for

sucrose to alcohol can be approximated by the equation. Process flow is given in Figure

2.2.

C12H 22O11 + H2O = C6H12O6 + C6H12O6

Sucrose Glucose Fructose

C6H12O6 = 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

180 = 2x46 +2x44

Glucose Ethyl Alcohol Carbon- Dioxide

During fermentation other by products like glycerin, succinine acid etc. are also formed

form sugars. Therefore, actually 94.5% total fermentable sugars are available for alcohol,

under ideal condition theoretically. Normally only 80 to 82% efficiencies are realized on

plant. One tone of molasses containing 45% F sugars gives alcoholic yield 255- 265 litres

per ton. For above biochemical reaction proper and careful handling of yeast, maintaining

optimum parameters like pH, temperature, and substrate concentration is required.

For manufacture of yeast, separate equipment known as pure yeast culture apparatus is

required. Initially, yeast is developed in the laboratory from the single cell yeast culture.

In the laboratory, yeast is propagated in a test tube 10 mL. Then it is transferred to a

bigger flask of 500 mL flask, and transferred to 5 litre flask containing the sterilized

molasses solution. It is necessary to adjust the pH of the molasses solution in the range at

each stage of development of yeast propagation i.e 100 liters, 500 liters and 5000 liters.

All these equipment’s are designed so as to facilitate boiling molasses solution in order to

sterilize it and also cooling to bring it to the proper temperature of 330C and letting in






culture and taking out culture. Boiling, cooling introducing culture is done in aseptic

manner, i.e. keeping the fermentation medium free from any kind of infection. Further,

stages of yeast propagation are done in open tanks i.e. pre-fermenter requires about 8

hours in order to build up necessary concentration of yeast. Finally, pre-fementer is

emptied in an empty previously cleaned fementer, Dilute molasses solution is allowed to

flow in this fementer so as to fill it to its working capacity.

The average efficiency of conversion of sugars in molasses to alcohol is 80 to 85% of

theoretical value. All the sugars are not converted to alcohol during the process of

fermentation because chemicals like glycerin; succinine acid, etc. are also produced by

yeast during metabolic process. 100% efficiency of conversion of sugars to alcohol is not

possible. The average yield of alcohol from molasses is about 250 liters from 1 MT of

molasses.

Fermentation

For fermentation granulating yeast, which settles under gravity is used. Molasses free

from suspended particles is transferred to molasses receiving tank and is weighed.

Weighed molasses is distributed to cell mass propagation, fermentation and yeast

activation section. Granulating yeast is grown in laboratory during plant start up. Yeast

propagation section comprises of molasses diluter and hygienically engineered yeast

vessels equipped with heating, cooling and air sparging facility. Dilute molasses media is

prepared in yeast vessel by recirculation of media through molasses diluter.

Laboratory propagated cell mass is scaled up in series of yeast vessels. Air is sparged in

pasteurized and cooled dilute molasses medium for optimum growth of granulating yeast.

The temperature is maintained at 32o C by re-circulating cooling water through jacket of

yeast vessels. Cell mass from Yeast vessel is transferred to yeast activation vessel to built

up cell mass required for fermentation (during start up only) by cell mass transfer pump.

At steady stage, activated cell mass from yeast activation vessel is transferred

continuously to fermentor - I. Molasses, process water and vinasse recycle stream from

distillation is added to fermentor. Fermented wash from Fermentor-I overflows

continuously to fermentor –II and then to yeast settling tank.






As ethanol fermentation is exothermic process, optimum temperature required for yeast

activity is maintained by forced recirculation through fermentor wash coolers. Efficient

mixers are provided in both fermentors.

Fermented wash from Fermentor-II is sent to yeast setting tank for separation of yeast

under gravity. Vinasse stream from distillation is recycled to fermentor depending on

solids concentration in fermented wash and molasses composition.

Granulating yeast having granulation property, settles in yeast settling tank under gravity,

while fermented wash overflows to wash holding tank. Settled yeast is transferred at rated

flow to yeast activation vessel with screw pump. In yeast activation vessel, molasses,

process water, nutrients and additive are added for activation of recycled cell mass.

Filtered air is sparged as required for re-activation of cell membranes and other cell

components. Mixer is provided for better mass transfer in yeast activation vessel.

Activated cell mass is transferred to fermenter- I to maintain desired cell mass

concentration in fermenter.

Carbon dioxide generated in fermentation is entrained with alcohol vapors. Alcohol from

Carbon dioxide is scrubbed with water in gas scrubber. The scrubber water is transferred

to wash charger. Fermented wash from wash charger is fed to analyzer column.

Distillation

The next sage in the manufacture of alcohol is to separate alcohol from fermented wash

and to concentrate it to 95% alcohol called as rectified spirit. For this purpose, method of

distillation is employed. The distillation columns consists number of SIEVE plates where

wash is boiled and alcoholic vapors are separated and concentrated on each place stage

by stage.

Integrated Distillation and Evaporation Section:

Technology offered (multi-Pressure)

This technology is based on heat recovery principle. The system comprises of 3 columns

operating at different pressures and is designed to produce Rectified Spirit. The columns

in order of flow are as follows:






Analyser cum Degasifying Column (operating under vacuum)

Aldehyde Column (operating under Vacuum)

Rectifier cum Exhaust Column (Operative under Pressure)

Rectified Spirit Production

Fermented wash from the clarified wash tank is pumped to the fermented wash pre -

heater and preheated to about 68-700C by circulating hot spent wash on other side.

Incoming spent wash temperature is 80-820C and after exchanging heat with fermented

wash out let lamp of spent wash remains at 35- 400C this hot fermented wash is then feed

at the top of Degasifying column.

Analyzer column cum Degasifying Column

Analyzer column strips fermented wash before discharging the rest of the material as

spent wash. Metered flow of fermented wash is feed to the top of the analyzer column.

Vapours of rectifier column provide energy to Analyzer column through a evaporator.

Rectifier top vapours are condensed on the shell side of the evaporator and spent wash is

re -circulated on tubeside. Vapors generated from the re - boiler are used in the analyzer

column consist approximately 50% alcohol and 50% water with impurities such as higher

alcohols, aldehydes, acids, sulphur dioxide, etc. Spent wash from the analyzer column

bottom is sent for treatment to the Effluent Treatment Plant. The level in the column

bottom is controlled to ensure proper distillation and correct concentration of the spent

wash. The vapour draw from top of the Analyzer is condensed in forth stage of

evaporator system and pumped to Rectifier column for concentration. Analyzer column is

operating under vacuum. Using water ring vacuum pump creates vacuum and the vacuum

in the column is maintained by manual valve, which bleeds extra air in the system.

Aldehyde Column

Aldehyde column is principally used for removal of low boiling impurities. Vapors from

degasifying column are fed to Aldehyde column. The vapors coming out of the top of the

Aldehyde column are fed to the condenser-I where they are partially condensed

bypassing cooling water on the tube side. Balance alcohol vapors are condensed in the

condenser- II. Water is used for the Condensation. From Aldehyde column top Technical






Alcohol cut of 2% of total plant capacity is taken out. Aldehyde column works under

vacuum.

Rectifier cum Exhaust Column:

Analyzer column top vapors are condensed in forth stage of evaporator and fed to

Rectified column for further concentration. Rectifier column is designed in sieve trays

construction and operates under pressure for obtaining desired strength of alcohol.

Condensing steam provides heat to Rectifier column. Fuel Oil draws are taken from

Rectifier column and are send to fuel oil decanter. The fuel oil stream is diluted with

water for separation of fuel oils. The aqueous layer sends backs to Rectifier column and

fuel oil are sent to storage.

Technical Alcohol cut of 3% of total plant capacity is taken out from top of Rectifier

Column. Rectified Spirit of 95% v/v concentration is drawn from one of the upper trays

of Rectifier Column and sends to storage after cooling.






Figure 2.3 Process Flow Diagram






B) Cogeneration of Power

Operations

The unit is proposed to set-up boiler and power turbine.

Boiler will be based on Bagasse as available fuel options. This Boiler will operate mainly

to feed steam to Molasses based operations and 3.0 MW power generations from

Turbine. Proposed 3.0 MW co-generation plant consists of a high pressure water tube

steam boiler extraction cum condensing steam turbine. Fuel in the steam boiler will be

burnt with the help of air in the boiler furnace. Water will be circulated in the boiler drum

and tubes thus getting heated by the flame burning in the boiler furnace. Water comes out

of the boiler drum located at the top of the boiler as steam. Flue gases rise in the boiler

furnace and come in contact with the steam coming out of boiler drum. Steam after

coming in contact with flue gases gets heated up further thus getting superheated. Super

heated steam leaves the boiler in a pipe. Flue gases after super heating the steam pass

through economizer where they pre-heat the boiler feed water before it enters the boiler

drum.

After economizer, flue gases pass through air pre-heaters where they heat the air which is

fed to the boiler furnace for burning the fuel. After air pre heaters flue gases pass through

an ESP where the dust particles are collected on charged electrodes. The dust is collected

from the bottom of the ESP.

High pressure superheated steam from boiler is passed through a steam turbine, which is

used for distillery process operations. While passing through the turbine, the high

pressure and temperature steam rotates the turbine rotor and an electric alternator

mounted on the same shaft. Electric power is generated by the alternator. This electric

power generated is consumed in house i.e. for running the distillery and utilities like

boilers auxiliaries etc. Process flow diagram is given in Figure 2.4.






Figure-2.4 Process Flow Chart for Captive Power Plant

2.7 Facilities at the Plant

The factory building will along with other ancillary structures are proposed to be

constructed. It will be provided adequate space for the following areas of working:-

1. Storage for raw material and finished goods.

2. Plant and Machineries

3. Offices

4. Toilets

5. Under Ground Tank

Open space will be landscaped and trees will be planted in due course of time. Layout

map of the project is given in Figure 2.2.

2.8 Evaporation plant

Spent wash from distillation is used as fuel in the boiler. In this context spent wash is

concentrated from approximate 12% TDS to 60 % TDS to be able to fire the same as liquid

fuel in the boiler. This concentration is done in a quintuple effect evaporation plant either

as a stand alone or integrated cum stand alone plant. Steam will be available at 4 ata and

saturated for stand alone system. In the integrated evaporation, initial concentration is

effected by using the primary distillation column vapors in the distillation section.






The steam condensate from the evaporation plant is returned to boiler as feed water. The

process condensate from the evaporators is duly treated for removing the BOD/COD to be

suitable for recirculation to process steps.

2.8.1 Evaporation Section

The spent wash generated from R.S. Plant distillation unit (for molasses distillation) is 600

m3/day and is rich in mineral content and organics. In order to make the spent wash

suitable for in the boiler as fuel, the same is to be concentrated to 60% TDS from its

original strength of 12% w/w. Thus the water to be evaporated is 480 m3/day. This is done

in a quadruple / quintuple effect evaporator system with heating medium in the first effect

as steam at ata pressure. The evaporation system shall also include the condensate flash

system to reduce steam consumption. In evaporation economy of about approximately 5.0

i.e. 50 tonnes of evaporation per tonne of steam is to be achieved.

Table 2.9 : List of Equipment for Standalone Evaporation plant

S.No. Equipment Description MOC Qty.

1. Evaporator Calendrias Designed on basis of Falling

film/rising film principle

Construction: Shell & Tube

Type.

Shell: AISI

304

Tubes : AISI

304

Tube sheet:

AISI 304

5

2. Vapor Liquid Separators Construction: Vertical, with

tangential entry for effective

vapor separation.

AISI 304 5

3. Pre Heaters Shell and Tube heat

exchanger

AISI 304 5

4. Surface Condenser Shell & Tube Type Shell : AISI 1






304

Tubes: AISI

304

Tube sheet:

AISI 304

5. Flash vessel /vapour body Vertical / cylindrical

Construction

AISI 304 4

6. Feed Tank Vertical /cylindrical

Construction

AISI 304 1

7. Process Condensate Tank Vertical Construction AISI 304 1

8. CIP tank Vertical Construction AISI 304 1

9. Steam Condensate Tank Vertical Construction MS 1

10. Product tank Vertical Construction AISI 304 1

11. Thin / lean spent wash

holding Tank

Vertical Construction MS + Epoxy 1

12. Feed pump + motor Centrifugal Type (Wetted parts

CF8)

1

13. Recirculation cum transfer

Pump + motor

Centrifugal Type (Wetted parts

CF8

4

14 CIP Pump + motor Centrifugal Type Wetted parts

CF 8

1

15. Process Condensate

Pump + motor

Centrifugal Type Wetted parts

CF 8

1

16. Condensate flash tanks Vertical, Cylindrical AISI - 304 5

17. Steam Condensate Centrifugal Type CI 1






Pump + motor

18. Product Transfer pump +

motor

Centrifugal Type Wetted parts

CF 8

1

19. Vacuum Pump + Motor Water Ring Type CI 1+1

20. Piping + Valves Standard Lot

21. Instrumentation Mimic based Instrumentation

panel will be provided.

Along with locally mounted

instruments.

Lot

22. Electrical Control panel Std. Lot

23. Cooling Tower with fans

and cooling water

circulation pumps and

complete piping.

Note: Control Loops, Temperature Indications etc. to be added in PLC/DCS System - SCADA

system. Evaporation Plant will be on common PLC/DCS System / SCADA system with

Distillation.

2.9 Steam Generation Plant

Steam generation plant comprises, the boiler, fuel handling and burning equipment, feed

water system, environmental equipment, boiler feed water deaerator alongwith all

accessory plants and chimney make the boiler fully functional and operative efficiently.

The boiler is basically a single drum, natural circulation, balanced draft, water walled

furnace type water take type boiler with distillery slops (Concentrated spent wash) and

other biomass as the fuels. Fuel burning arrangement comprised slop burner and spreader

stroker fitted with traveling grate in the furnace. The brief specification as given in the

following paras:-






2.9.1 Salient Features of the Steam Generator Proposed

Design Features

1. Travelling grate design suitable for combustion of spent wash with Bagasse and

Coal or any other Biomass as support fuel to slops to sustain combustion.

2. Liberal grate area and loading to ensure efficient combustion of fuel.

3. Single drum design.

4. Boiler configuration with three pass design having water cooled membrane wall

construction to ensure low fuel gas temperature at the inlet of super heater.

5. No heat transfer surfaces located in first and second pass of boiler. Convective

heating surface areas are located in 3rd

horizontal pass.

6. High volumetric loading of furnace.

a. Ensures adequate residence time hence efficient fuel combustion.

b. Ensures lower furnace exit gas temperature to avoid fouling due to alkali

content in the fuel.

7. Spray nozzles to be provided on the side wall of furnace (First pass) for

atomization of Spent wash. One No. additional spent wash gun to be provided on

the front wall of furnace to ensure operation of boiler at low load, while guns

provided on side walls are under maintenance.

8. Two stage integral super heater located in third pass of furnace alongwith interstage

attemperator.

9. Convective Super heater to be designed to avoid following problems.

a. Super heater placed in convective zone does not face burning fuel

particles.

b. Fouling of ash does not take place in convective design, as the temperature

is comparatively low in convective zone than radiant zone.

c. Operating metal temperature would be maintained to eliminate the

problem of super heater overheating.






10. Proper split of primary and secondary air for efficient fuel combustion in the upper

furnace to ensure proper prediction of furnace exit gas temperature for downsteam

sizing of heating surface areas.

11. Flue gas temperature at superheater inlet should be less than 650˚C to avoid fouling

due to alkalis in ash (Na2O + K2O) and corrosion of Superheater tubes due to

chlorides in ash.

12. A single stoker with one number of riddling hopper with dampers in the connecting

air duct. The hoppers to be provided with proper valley angle to avoid choking of

ash.

13. Temperature elements to be provided on the skid bar, cross beam and riddling

hoppers with temperature indication facilities in the control room. Also an alarm to

be provided to alert when the temperature reaches around 3000⁰C.

14. Bush bearing to be provided for rotary air damper, considering high secondary air

temperature.

15. Design drum

a. To keep drum steam loading rate low and

b. To enable boiler operation with rapid load swings and fast response to load

changes.

16. Efficient drum internal consisting of cyclone separators and demisters to ensure high

steam purity at all loads.

17. Over fire air system with higher secondary air pressure to provide better air

penetration across furnace cross section thereby minimizing unburnt carbon loss. The

secondary air nozzles are to be staggered providing turbulence and air curtain to

minimize escape of unburnt fuel particles.

18. Optimum steam side pressure drop in superheater circuit to ensure proper steam

distribution and cooling of superheater coils.

19. Optimum flue gas velocity levels in pressure parts to minimize erosion due to ash and

also due to presence of sand in fuel.






20. High circulation ratio at all loads ensuring efficient cooling of water wall tubes and

also preventing departure from nucleate boiling.

21. Air heater is provided with air through tube arrangement to prevent choking of tubes

during combustion of sticky fuels like slops.

Construction feature

i. Self lubricated graphite bearings (morganite bearings) are provided for the stoker

shaft. The morganite carbon bearing is self lubricating, chemically inert,

dimensionally stable, non-hygroscopic and highly resistant to wear characteristics

which makes it deal for hostile environment.

ii. Water-cooled membrane wall construction with optimum fin width as to give

maximum absorption of heat provide lower find tip to base differential temperature

and give structural rigidity.

iii. Wide pitching of superheater to minimize fouling/bridging due to alkali constituents

(Na2O_ K2O) in ash and also due to chlorides in ash.

iv. Economizer will be plain tape type with layout ensuring ease of cleaning and

inspection and good heat transfer.

v. Pressure parts tubes made of seamless steel construction to ensure high tub life and

hence higher boiler availability.

vi. Provide adequate access doors/observation doors for inspection and repair.

vii. Location and arrangement of heating surfaces such that good accessibility for

inspection and repairs is ensured.

Table 2.10 : Design Basis of Steam Generator

Type of Boiler Unit Single-Drum, Slop fired (TG) Boiler

Design code -- IBR 1950 with latest amendments

Boiler capacity at MSSV outlet (Kg/hr) 20000

Steam pressure at MSSV outlet (Kg/cm2(g)) 47

Steam temperature at MSSV outlet C) 410˚C 5

SH temp. control range % 70 – 100






Fuel Tons Slops+ Rice Husk

Slops+ Bagasse

Water temp at Economiser inlet C) 110˚C

Ultimate Fuel analysis (appro.) 60% Slop Rice Husk Bagasse

- Carbon % 22.93 36.70 23.25

- Hydrogen % 2.21 03.00 03.25

- Nitrogen % 1.91 00.40 00.00

- Sulphur % 0.63 00.08 00.00

- Moisture % 40 10.00 50.00

- Ash % 17.11 18.80 01.50

- Oxygen % 15.22 31.02 22.00

GCV (K.Cal/kg.) Kcal/kg 1650 -

1750 3150-3400 2270

Fuel sizing -- As

available

with 60%

Solids

As

available

Mill wet

bagasse

Flue gas temperature at Air heater

outlet

°C 160 °C

Start up fuel -- Charcoal mixed with diesel

Ambient Temperature °C 40

Electrical data for motors

- LT Volt (V) : 415 ± 10

- Frequency (Hz) : 50

- Type : AC 3 phase, 4 wire

Electrical data for instruments

- LT Volt (V) : 220 ± 10 %

- Frequency (Hz) : 50 ± 5 %

- Type : AC single phase

Compressed air pressure : 7 Kg/cm2 (Oil and Moisture free)






Table 2.11 Technical Data Sheet

S.No Description Unit Specification

1.0 General

a. Type of the boiler Single drum, water tube, slop fired boiler.

(Travelling Grate furnace)

b. Type of circulation Natural Circulation

c. Type of support Bottom support

d.

e. Design code As per IBR 1950 with its latest amendments

2.0 Boiler Predicted Performance

a. Steam output

- MCR kg/hr 20,000

- PCR % 110% of MCR (For ½ hour per 8

Hours shift)

b. Steam pressure at stop valve

Outlet

Kg/cm2(g) 47

c. Steam temp at stop valve

outlet

°C 410

d. Feed water temp at

economiser inlet

°C 160

e. Feed water temp at deaerator

outlet and W.P. heater inlet

°C 110

f. Spray water temp °C 110

g. Boiler efficiency % Slop+ Bagasse: 70 %

2.10 Description of Mitigation Measures

The environmental aspect, impact and proposed mitigation measures given in Table 2.12.

Table 2.12 Environmental Aspect, Impact and Proposed Mitigation Measures

S. No. Aspect Impact Mitigation Measures

1 Effluent Generation Water Pollution The proposed Molasses

based distillery would be

based on “Zero Liquid

Discharge” ZLD)

Spent wash will be

concentrated in MEE

(Multiple Effect

Evaporator), than the






semisolid waste from MEE

(Multiple Effect Evaporator)

will be sent in specially

designed boiler for

incineration.

Spent wash generation the

proposed unit will not

exceed beyond 8kl/kl

A duly lined lagoon of 30

days capacity will be

provided.

Online effluent quality

monitoring system will be

installed at the outlet of the

unit for measurement of the

parameters flow, pH, COD,

BOD and TSS etc. and

transmission of online data

to Haryana State Pollution

Control Board and CPCB

will be done

2 i. Emission of Gases

ii. Dust Emission

Air Pollution Sprinkler will be installed

along the haul and kuccha

road.

The wetting of Kuccha road

will be done by water tankers

regularly.

Green belt will be developed

along the project boundary,

haul road and inside the plant

roads.

The PUC (Pollution under






control) will be checked at

the entrance.

The vehicles will passed

through the water so that dust

attached with tyres will be

washed.

The material brought in

trucks will be covered

properly with plastic sheets.

The sand/cement stored at

the site will also be covered

with plastic sheet.

The temporary wall will be

created along boundary of

the project site so that effect

of wind and generation of

dust be minimized.

By adopting the above

mitigation measures the

emission level will be

brought down and PM10 will

be minimized below 100

ug/m3.

3 Generation of Solid and

Hazardous Waste

Land Pollution Boiler ash collected and

sold to brick

manufacturers.

The other solid wastes

expected from the unit are

containers, empty drums






which are returned to the

product seller or sold to

authorize buyers after

detoxification.

4 Noise generation during

operation of plant

Noise Pollution All noise generating machines

will be spread at different

places within the cover sheds.

PPEs will be provided to

Workers who will work in High

noise area

5 Use of water Impact on

Hydrogeology

Rain water recharge pits will be

constructed.

6 Removal of the soil Impact on geology Top soil will be stacked

separately and will be used for

greenbelt development.

7 Construction of building Impact on Land Use 33% area of the project site will

be developed as Greenbelt.

8 Removal of plant and

shrubs

Impact biological

environment

No tree cutting.

Adequate plantation will be

done to minimize the adverse

impact.

9 Project activity Socio Economic

Environment

Employment will be given to

local persons.

Fund allocated for CSR activity.

10 Emergency during

Operation of the Plant

Risk Risk assessment and Onsite

emergency plan will be

prepared






2.11 Assessment of New and untested Technology for the Risk of Technical Failure

The detailed risk assessment study is given in Chapter 7.

2.12 Summary:

M/s Shahabad Coop. Sugar Mills is planning to set up a 60 KLPD capacity molasses based

ethanol unit having 3.0 MW co-generation plant at Village -Jandheri, Tehsil-Shahabad,

Dist. Kurukshetra, Haryana. Total land requirement for the project is 84326.4 m2.

Fermentation and Distillation process will be used for production of ethyl alcohol. Water

requirement will be 950 KLD. The requirement of Power for the unit is 1780 KW. 110

persons will be engaged for this project. Adequate Environmental protection measures as

well as health related measures will be taken.






Chapter - 3

Description of the Environment

3.0 Introduction

The main objectives of describing the environment, which may be potentially affected,

are (i) to assess present environmental quality and the environmental impacts and (ii) to

identify environmentally significant factors. The chapter contains information on existing

environmental scenario of the proposed project study area.

3.1 Study Area

Various environmental parameters study has been done within 10 Km radius area of the

proposed project site. The study area map is given in Chapter 1, Figure 1.1.

3.2 Study Period

The ToR presentation for proposed project was held on 20th

January, 2015 and ToR was

granted by MoEF&CC on 31st March, 2014. M/s Shahabad Co-operative Sugar Mills Ltd.

requested vide letter dated 30th

December, 2014 to MoEF&CC regarding permission to

start baseline monitoring from 1st October to 31

st December 2014. During ToR

Presentation Experts Committee Members accepted the period from 1st October to 31

st

December 2014 and desired that one month additional data to be collected. As per EAC

recommendation additional one month (1st January to 31

st January 2015) data collection

has been done.

3.3 Components and Methodology

3.3.1 Components

To achieve the objectives of ToR, Vardan EnviroNet team members visited the site and

study area (10 Km radius) study and monitored the environmental parameters as per of

ToR Letter and accordance with the Guidelines for EIA, issued by the Ministry of

Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India. The component of the

study is given below:

1. Water Environment;

2. Air Quality and Meteorology;

3. Air Environment;






4. Noise Environment;

5. Land Environment

6. Biological Environment;

7. Socio-economic Environment;

8. Hydrogeology;

9. Geology;

10. Solid and Hazardous Waste;

11. Land Use;

12. Risk Assessment.

3.3.2 Data Collection Methodology

The baseline information on micro-meteorology, ambient air quality, water quality, noise

levels, soil quality and floristic descriptions are largely drawn from the data generated by

M/s Vardan Enviro Lab, Gurgaon (NABL Accredited Lab). Long term meteorological

data recorded at the nearest IMD station, Kurukshetra was also collected.

Micrometeorological data at site was recorded using automatic weather station. Apart

from these, secondary data have been collected from Census Handbook, Revenue

Records, Statistical Department, Soil Survey and Land use Organization, District

Industries Centre, Forest Department, Central Ground Water Authority, etc.

3.4 Land Use Pattern of the Study Area

Shri Joshua Anand FAE along with Mr. Bhagwan Sahay FAA involved in preparing the

land use report.

(A) Data Used

United States Geological Survey (USGS) Satellite Data: Landsat 8 cloud free data has

been used for Landuse / landcover analysis, Satellite Sensor – OLI_TIRS multi-spectral

digital data has been used for the preparation of land use/ land cover map of present

study. Survey of India reference map on 1:50,000 scales have been used for the

preparation of base map and geometric correction of satellite data. Ground truthing has

been carried out to validate the interpretation accuracy and reliability of remotely sensed

data, by enabling verification of the interpreted details and by supplementing with the

information, which cannot be obtained directly on satellite imagery.






(B) Methodology

The methodology used for the study consists of following components.

Methodology adopted for thematic data extraction from the Satellite Imageries

ERDAS image processing 10.0 software and ARC/GIS 10.0 software were used for the

project. ERDAS 10.0 image processing software was used for digital processing of the

spatial data. Digital image processing techniques were applied for the mapping of the

land use land cover classes of the provided area from the satellite data. Methodology

Used for Land use Classification and Mapping is presented in Figure 3.1

Figure 3.1: Methodology Used for Land use Classification and Mapping






Results

In the present study, both digital image processing and using visual interpretation

technique were used to generate output of Land use cover map of study area. A standard

False Colour Composite (FCC) image has also been generated on the same scale (Figure

3.2 and Figure 3.3). The land use pattern of the study area is given in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1:Land Use Pattern of the Study Area

Landuse Area (in Hectares) % Area

Water Body 665.09 2.018

Human Settlement 6795.62 20.62

Agriculture Land 19796.35 60.07

Open Scrub 3240.13 9.83

Barren land 429.09 1.30

Follow Land 2072.72 6.28

Total Area 32954.00 100






Figure 3.2: Land Use Pattern of the Study Area (10 km Radius from the Project Site)






Figure 3.3: FCC Map of the Study Area (10 km Radius from the Project Site)






3.5 Geology

The study area represents almost flat alluvial plain without any conspicuous

topographical features. It forms a part of the vast Indo-Gangetic alluvial plains. The

average elevation of the plain varies from 274 to 241 m above mean sea level. The

general slope of the land is from north-east to south-west wards. The district falls in two

basins i.e Upper-Ghaggar Basin and the Upper Yamuna Basin. A small portion in south-

east part of the district falls in Upper Yamuna basin and the rest of the area falls in Upper

Ghaggar basin. The district is devoid of any perennial river. The only river Markhanda

flows in the north-western part of the district which originates in Nahan hills. Chautang,

Khand and Omla nalas of local existence also drain the district. The entire district of

Kurukshetra is covered by tropical arid brown soils. These soils are very pale brown in

colour. They do not have well defined horizons. In general these soils are deep and

imperfectly drained. The permeability of these soils is low to moderate. These soils are

mildly alkaline to strongly alkaline in reaction. The available moisture holding capacity

of these soils is medium to high. These soils are medium to high in organic matter. Three

soil types viz sandy loam, loam and clay loam are commonly met within this group.

3.6 Hydrology, Ground Water and Water Conservation

The area falls in the Upper Jamuna and Ghaggar Basins and the principal ground water

reservoir in the area is unconsolidated alluvial deposits of Quaternary age. Ground water

in near surface zone occurs under water table conditions and occurs under semi confined

to confined conditions in deeper aquifers. Rainfall and seepage, canal networks and

irrigation is the principal source of ground water recharge in the area. The exploratory

drilling was carried out at 5 locations for exploratory wells and 34 locations for the

installation of piezometers. The drilling has been done to a maximum depth of about

463m which indicates the presence of 3 to 9 permeable granular zones with aggregate

thickness varying from 31 to 203m.The aquifer consists of fine to coarse sand, occasional

gravel and pebble. The thickness of alluvium as deduced from geophysical survey is

likely to be a few thousand meters. In the eastern part of the district falling in the upper

Yamuna Basin, the study of exploratory boreholes drilled during the Upper Jamuna

Project of Central Ground Water Board indicated presence of three aquifer groups upto






450m depth below ground level Depth to water level in the district during pre monsoon

ranges between 15.66m bgl to 31.35 m bgl. The depth to water level is deeper in the north

and central parts and shallow in south and south-western parts. The depth to water level

during post monsoon ranges between 17.1m bgl to 34.72m bgl. (Figure 3.4). The

seasonal fluctuation varies between –4.32m to 0.21m. The water table elevation in the

district varies between 242.75m and 220.03m above mean sea level. The elevation is

higher in eastern parts of the district in Ladwa block and gradually decreases towards

west in Pehowa block. In general the ground water flow direction is from east to west.

Source : cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/Haryana/Kurukshetra

Figure 3.4: Depth of Water Level

3.7 Air Environment and Meteorology

3.7.1 Climate

The climate of the area is characterized by a hot and dry summer from March to May, a

south-west monsoon or rainy season from June to September, a pleasant post-monsoon or






retreating monsoon from October to November and a cool winter from December to

February. Therefore, climatologically, four seasons viz. summer (pre-monsoon),

monsoon, post-monsoon and winter could be deciphered comprising the following

months:

i. Summer : March, April, May

ii. Monsoon : June, July, August, September

iii. Post-monsoon : October, November, December

iv. Winter : January, February, March

Air Pollutants upon discharge to atmosphere pass through a number of mechanisms,

which include diffusion and transportation leading to dispersion. These mechanisms are

governed by the local atmospheric conditions. All these result in the necessity to collect

the meteorological parameters like ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and

other weather conditions (relative humidity, atmospheric pressure etc.), which will be

ultimately used for the prediction of the ground level concentrations of the air pollutants

through mathematical modeling. For this purpose a temporary auto weather station was

installed to record micro meteorological data on wind speed, wind direction, Ambient

Temperature, Solar Insolation and Relative Humidity on hourly basis. The primary data

from the site was matched with secondary data of IMD station, Kurukshetra for data

proofing. A sophisticated on-site meteorological observatory was established near project

site and operated continuously for four months’ period (1st October 2014 to 31

st

December 2014 and 1st January 2015 to 31

st January 2015). The observatory was located

about 10 m above the ground level and ensured to be free from any obstruction to wind.

Besides, this location was found to be most suitable one being close to the project site.

The summary of the on-site data generated in respect of the above parameters for the

period mentioned above are presented in Table-3.2. The Wind rose diagram for the entire

period is shown in Figure 3.5.

3.7.2 Temperature

The monthly maximum and minimum temperature was recorded on-site during the

aforesaid monitoring period (1st October 2014 to 31

st January 2015) varied between 28.1-

37.3 °C and 6.2-16°C respectively with overall maximum and minimum temperatures






being 6.2°C and 37.3°C respectively. It could be observed that, the pattern of data

recorded on-site generally matches with the past data of IMD.

3.7.3 Relative Humidity

The monthly minimum and maximum relative humidity recorded onsite during the said

monitoring period varied between 33-41% and 76-69% respectively, the overall

minimum and maximum being 33% and 76% respectively.

3.7.4 Atmospheric Pressure

The overall minimum and maximum atmospheric pressures recorded on-site during the

said monitoring period were 754.1 mm Hg and 760.3 mm Hg respectively. Such values

compare well with the past IMD data.

3.7.5 Rainfall

The average annual rainfall at Kurukshetra, Haryana is 800 mm/year (As per IMD), 80%

of which occurs during monsoon months (June- October). 582 mm rainfall was recorded

during the monitoring period.

3.7.6 Wind Speed and Direction

During the said monitoring period, the monthly mean wind speed measured on-site varied

between 3.57 km/hr to 4.34 Km/hr for the monitoring period of October 2014 to

December 2014 and January 2015. The overall mean wind speed during the period was

4.09 Km/hr. The most predominant wind direction was North-West (NW) followed by

NNE and NNW during the monitoring period.

Table 3.2: Onsite Meteorological Data -1st October, 2014 – 31

st January, 2015

Month (s) Temperature Relative

Humidity

Barometric

pressure

Average

Velocity

(m/sec) Max 0C

Min 0C

Max.

%

Min.

%

08:30

hr

(mm

Hg)

17:30hr

(mm

Hg)

October, 2014 32.5 20.6 70 23 759.9 755.9 3.25

November, 2014 29.8 13.6 62 30 758.9 752.0 3.89

December, 2014 27.1 12.1 70 33 760.3 754.0 3.9

January, 2015 24.3 11.2 61 34 761.0 756.0 3.9

Average 32.5 11.2 70 23 761.0 754.0 3.9






Figure 3.5: Windrose Diagram






3.8 Ambient Air Quality

The ambient air quality with respect to the study area of 10 Km radius around the

contract area forms the baseline information. The various sources of air pollution in the

region are dust rising from unpaved roads, domestic fuel burning, vehicular traffic,

agricultural activities, other industries, etc. The prime objective of baseline air quality

monitoring is to assess existing air quality of the area. This will also be useful in

assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the operations.

The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through scientifically

designed ambient air quality network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality

surveillance program has been based on the following considerations:

Meteorological conditions.

Topography of the study area.

Likely impact area.

3.8.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Ambient air monitoring was carried out for 4 month as per CPCB guidelines in the

surrounding areas of the project site to assess the ambient air quality. To know the

ambient air quality at a larger distance i.e. in the study area of 10 Km. radius, air quality

survey has been conducted at 06 locations over a period of Post Monsoon Season. Major

air pollutants viz, PM10, PM2.5, Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), methane

and non- methane Hydrocarbon representing the basic air pollutants in the region were

identified for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM). The ambient air quality

monitoring stations were set up as par Table 3.3 and Figure -3.6.






Table 3.3 (A) Procedures for Determining Various Air Quality Parameters

Parameters Testing Procedure

PM10 & PM 2.5 Gravimetric Method by using Repairable Particulate Matter sampler “Respairable

Dust Sampler” (RDS)

NO2

Absorption in diluted NaOH and then estimated calorimetrically with

sulphanilamide and N (I-Nepthyle) Ethylene diamine Dihydrochloride and

Hydrogen Peroxide (IS: 5182 1975, Part-VI).

SO2 Absorption in Sodium Tetra Chloromercurate followed by Colorimetric estimation

using P-Rosaniline hydrochloride and Formaldehyde (IS: 5182 Part – II, 2001).

Methane and

Non-Methane

Hydrocarbon

By Gas Chromatography

Table 3.3 (B) : Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Sampling Stations

Station Sampling

Location

Aerial

distance

(km) and

direction

from

Project

Site

Co-ordinates Sampling

Criterion

Latitude Longitude

A1 Project site -- 30°09'2.631"N 76°53'40.424"E --

A2 Near Shahabad

3.5Km,NW 30°10'1.03"N 76°52'22.978"E Upwind

Direction

A3 Village Padlu

5.6Km,NE 30°11'29.511"N 76°56'12.165"E Crosswind

Direction

A4 Village

Ahemadpur

6.0 Km,SW 36°55'1.02"N 76°50'45.99"E Crosswind

Direction

A5 Village

Machrauli

6.3 Km, SE 30°05'29.643"N 76°54'35.524"E Downwind

Direction

A6 Village

Narayangarh

6.7 Km, SE 36°06'28.43"N 76°56'57.10"E Downwind

Direction






3.8.2 Air Sampling Program

As stated earlier, the sampling at the above 06 stations were carried out during Post

Monsoon Season i.e. 1st October 2014 to 31

st January, 2015. The stations were selected

and located with due consideration to the meteorological conditions of the region. The

samples were collected as per the CPCB norms during study period.

3.8.3 Baseline Data

Six major air pollutants viz. PM10 and PM2.5, Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide

(NO2), Methane and Non methane hydrocarbons were monitored to establish the baseline

air quality. The results are given in Table 3.4 and Figure -3.7. Figure 3.8 is showing the

photographs of the sampling site.






Figure 3.6: Key Plan of Air Monitoring Stations






Table 3.4: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results

Name of

Village (s)

PM10

(µg/m3

)

PM 2.5

(µg/m3

)

NO2

(µg/m3

)

SO2

(µg/m3

)

Non

Methan

e

Hydroc

arbons

(µg/m3

)

Methane

Hydroca

rbons

(µg/m3

)

Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min.

A1 54.8 41.4 30.1 25.0 20.1 15.0 12.6 7.9 <0.20 <0.20

A2 69.2 55.0 40.1 30.5 28.0 17.6 14.7 9.2 <0.20 <0.20

A3 64.9 55.0 35.0 30.1 24.1 18.5 12.1 8.5 <0.20 <0.20

A4 60.1 50.2 39.8 30.1 24.8 16.4 13.9 8.2 <0.20 <0.20

A5 55.7 45.2 35.0 25.1 22.0 18.4 13.0 7.7 <0.20 <0.20

A6 60.0 50.1 32.9 27.9 23.9 20.1 12.0 8.2 <0.20 <0.20

Conclusion

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the minimum and maximum concentrations

of PM10 for all the 06 AAQM stations were found to be 41.4 g/m3 and 69.2 g/m

3

respectively, while for PM2.5 it vary between 25.0 g/m3 to 40.1 g/m

3. As far as the

gaseous pollutants SO2 and NO2 are concerned, the prescribed CPCB limit of 80 g/m3

for residential and rural areas has never surpassed at any station. The maximum and

minimum concentrations of SO2 were found to be 14.7 g/m3 to 25.0 g/m

3 respectively.

The maximum and minimum concentrations of NO2 were found to be 15.0 g/m3 to 28.0

g/m3 respectively.






Figure 3.7: Graph Showing Pollutants Concentration of the Study Area

Figure 3.8: Photographs of Air Quality Monitoring

3.9 Noise Environment

Noise often defined as unwanted sound, interferes with speech communication, causes

annoyance, distracts from work, disturb sleep, thus deteriorating quality of human

environment. Noise Pollution survey has therefore been carried out. Noise levels were

measured in residential areas and other settlements located within 10 km radius around

the site.






3.9.1 Noise Analysis within the Study Area

The noise analysis within the study area was recorded using 4012 Maxtech sound level

meter. The analysis reveals that the noise’s well within the permissible range. The

location of Noise level monitoring is presented in Table 3.5 and Figure 3.9 and the

levels recorded are as stated in Table 3.6. Figure 3.10 shows the photographs of the

sampling location.

Table 3.5 : Noise Monitoring Sampling Stations

Station Sampling Location Aerial

distance

(km) and

direction

from Project

Site

Co-ordinates

Latitude Longitude

N1 Project site -- 30°09'2.631"N 76°53'40.424"E

N2 Near Shahabad 3.5Km,NW 30°10'1.03"N 76°52'22.978"E

N3 Village Padlu 5.6Km,NE 30°11'29.511"N 76°56'12.165"E

N4 Village Ahemadpur 6.0 Km,SW 36°55'1.02"N 76°50'45.99"E

N5 Village Machrauli 6.3 Km, SE 30°05'29.643"N 76°54'35.524"E

N6 Village Narayangarh 6.7 Km, SE 36°06'28.43"N 76°56'57.10"E

Table 3.6 : Noise Monitoring Result

S. No Locations

Noise Level Leq. dB (A)

Day Time

(6:00 A.M. to 10:00 P.M.)

Night Time

(10:00 P.M. to

6:00 A.M.)

1. N1 50.14 44.33

2. N2 54.17 44.70

3. N3 49.67 43.00

4. N4 54.10 42.99

5. N5 50.10 42.98

6. N6 52.10 42.00






Conclusion

Ambient noise levels were measured at 06 locations around the proposed project site. A

noise level varies from 42.00 to 54.10 Leq dB during day time and during night time.

Maximum and minimum noise levels recorded during the day time were from 54.10 Leq

dB and 49.67 Leq dB respectively and maximum and minimum level of noise during

night time were 44.70 Leq dB and 42.00 Leq dB respectively. Thus noise levels at all

locations were observed to be within the prescribed limits.

From the above study and discussions it can be concluded that noise levels in the study

area are well within the prescribed limits as prescribed by the CPCB and State Pollution

ControlBoard.






Figure 3.9: Key Plan of Noise Monitoring Station






Figure 3.10: Photographs of Noise Monitoring

3.9.2 Traffic Study

Traffic study measurements were performed at two locations at National Highway-1 and

State Highway-7 to assess impact on local transport infrastructure due to this proposed

project. Traffic study measurements were performed at two locations of these stations is

marked on the map in Figure 3.11. Road and highway studies are given in Table-3.7.






Figure 3.11: Roads and Highways in the Study Area

Table 3.7 : Traffic Study Locations

Traffic data collected continuously for 24 hours by visual observation and counting of

vehicles under three categories, viz., heavy motor vehicles, light motor vehicles and

two/three wheelers. As traffic densities on the roads are high, two skilled persons were

deployed simultaneously at each station during each shift- one person on each of the two

directions for counting the traffic. At the end of each hour, fresh counting and recording

was undertaken. Total numbers of vehicles per hour under the three categories were

determined and given in Table 3.8. Existing traffic scenario is given in Table 3.9.

Modified traffic scenario given in Table 3.10.

Name of National/State

Highway

Direction

Up Down

NH-1 Ambala Delhi

SH-7 Ladwa Shahabad






Table 3.8 : No. of Vehicles per Day

S.

No.

Vehicles

Distribution

Number of Vehicles

Distribution/day

Passenger

Car Unit

(PCU)

Total Number of

Vehicle (PCU)/Hour

NH-1 SH-7 NH-1 SH-7

1. Cars 24500 20050 1 24500 20050

2. Buses 1800 1680 3 5400 5040

3. Two

wheelers

2800 3400 0.5 1400 1700

4. Three

wheelers

2950 2940 1.5 4425 4410

5. Trucks 2500 1200 3 7500 3600

Total 43225/24 =

1801

34800/24

=1450

Table 3.9: Existing Traffic Scenario and LOS

Road V (Volume in

PCU/hr)

C (Capacity in

PCU/hr)

Existing V/C

Ratio

LOS

NH-1 1801 3334 0.5 C

SH-7 1450 2400 0.6 C Note: The existing level may be “Average” for both NH-1 and SH-7.

V/C LOS Performance

0.0-0.2 A Excellent

0.2-0.4 B Very Good

0.4-0.6 C Good/ Average/ Fair

0.6-0.8 D Poor

0.8-1.0 E Very Poor Note: Capacity as per IRC: 64-1990

During Plant Operation

S.No. Mode of Transportation No. of Trips PCU

1. Tankers 2 6

3. Tankers 4 12

4. Bus 6 18

5. Car 10 10

Total 46






Table 3.10 : Modified Traffic Scenario and LOS

Road Increased PCU’S-

State/National

Highway

V C Modified V/C

Ratio

LOS

NH-1 1801+46 1847 3334 0.55 C

SH-7 1450+46 1496 2400 0.62 C

3.10 Land Environment

3.10.1 Soil Quality and Characteristics

The information on soils has been collected from various secondary sources and also

through primary soil sampling analysis of which is described in this section. For studying

the soil profile of the region, 6 locations were selected to assess the existing soil

conditions around the contract area representing various land use conditions. The

concentrations of physical and chemical parameters were determined. The sampling

locations have been finalized with the following objectives:

To determine the baseline soil characteristics of the study area; and

To determine the impact of industrialization on soil characteristics.

Quality of the soil in the area is showing a marked diversity in nature depending upon the

parent rock and climatic conditions prevailing in different parts of the district. The

analysis results of the soil samples collected are given in Table-3.11. Photographs of the

sampling location and sampling location map are presented in Figure 3.12 and Figure

3.13. Soil testing results are given in Table -3.12.

Table 3.11 : Soil Monitoring Station Details


distance (km)

and direction

from Project

Site

Co-ordinates

Latitude Longitude

S1 Project site -- 30°09'2.631"N 76°53'40.424"E

S2 Near Shahabad 3.5Km,NW 30°10'1.03"N 76°52'22.978"E

S3 Village Padlu 5.6Km,NE 30°11'29.511"N 76°56'12.165"E






S4 Village Ahemadpur 6.0 Km,SW 36°55'1.02"N 76°50'45.99"E

S5 Village Machrauli 6.3 Km, SE 30°05'29.643"N 76°54'35.524"E

S6 Village Narayangarh 6.7 Km, SE 36°06'28.43"N 76°56'57.10"E

Figure 3.12: Photographs of Soil Sampling






Figure 3.13: Key Plan of Soil Sampling Stations






Table 3.12 : Soil Analysis Result

Conclusion

Soil is the media for supplying the nutrients for plant growth. Nutrients are available to

plants at certain pH and pH of soils can reflect by addition of pollutants in it either by air,

or by water or by solid waste or by all of these. In order to establish the baseline status of

soil characteristics, soil samples were collected at 6 sampling locations. The analysis

results show that soil was basic in nature as pH value ranges from 7.23 to 8.10 with water

holding capacity of 36.78 to 42.80%. The concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and

S.

No.

Parameter S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6

1. pH (at 25 0C) 7.23 7.45 7.55 7.48 7.45 8.10

2. Conductivity (mS/cm) 0.350 0.443 0.345 0.349 0.301 0.380

3. Soil Texture Sandy

loam

Sandy

loam

Silty Sandy loam Sandy

loam

Sandy loam

4. Colour Brownish

yellow

Brownish

yellow

Sandy

loam

Brownish

yellow

Brownish

yellow

Brownish

yellow

5. Water holding capacity

(%)

36.87 42.80 40.10 36.78 40.90 42.20

6. Bulk Density (gm/cc) 8.80 8.50 5.40 6.80 9.60 10.10

7. Chloride (mg/100g) 65.43 94.50 86.20 87.98 56.50 92.10

8. Calcium as Ca (mg/kg) 16.0 12.9 18.40 16.0 19.20 20.10

9. Sodium (mg/100gm) 42.2 49.2 52.10 39.8 38.50 59.90

10. Potassium (mg/100gm) 123.23 156.1 112.70 178.90 118.50 101.43

11. Organic matter 0.65 0.77 0.88 0.76 0.67 0.78

12. Magnesium as Mg

(mg/kg)

12.50 6.9 19.94 20.10 7.1 16.50

13. Available Nitrogen as

N (kg. /hec.)

205.4 239.8 232.10 248.67 198.50 218.4

14. Available Phosphorus

(kg. /hec.)

32.50 38.20 34.80 42.98 28.5 44.80

15. Zinc (mg/100gm) 4.98 4.22 5.11 3.87 4.99 6.70

6. Mangnese as

Mn(mg/100gm)

4.10 4.09 3.98 4.11 3.98 2.99

17. Chromium as

Cr(mg/100gm)

2.54 3.21 2.78 3.11 3.78 3.10

18. Lead as Pb(mg/100gm) 1.61 1.65 1.98 1.04 1.25 3.26

19. Cadmium as Cd

(mg/100gm)

3.10 1.78 3.88 1.45 2.56 1.50

20. Copper as Cu

(mg/100gm)

2.90 2.11 2.99 2.23 2.76 2.98






Potassium has been found to be in good amount in the soil samples. Soil texture is Sandy

loam.

3.11 Water Environment

Surface Water

Surface water sampling locations is given in Table 3.13 and results are given in Table

3.14. Sampling location is presented in Figure 3.14.

Table 3.13 : Surface Water Sampling Stations


distance

(Km) and

direction

from Project

Site

Co-ordinates

Latitude Longitude

SW1 Markanada River 3.5Km,NW 30°10'37.809"N 76°53'31.184"E

SW2 Village Chapra 1.5 Km,S 30°8'8.691"N 76°53'57.346"E

SW3 Village Kharindwa 5.6 Km,SE 30°6'37.580"N 76°56'8.54"E

SW4 Village Ahemadpur 6.0 Km,SW 36°55'1.02"N 76°50'45.99"E

Table 3.14 : Surface Water Sampling Results

S.No. Parameter SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

1. pH (at 250C) 7.80 8.40 7.60 7.90

2. Total hardness as

CaCO3 (mg/L)

252.0 220.0 276.0 276.0

3. Calcium as Ca (mg/L) 75.35 75.35 62.52 70.54

4. Alkalinity as CaCO3

(mg/L)

232.0 224.0 244.0 260.0

5. Chloride as Cl (mg/L) 73.45 63.98 67.98 69.48

6. Residual free Chlorine

(mg/L)

BDL (DL

0.20)

BDL (DL 0.20) BDL (DL 0.20) BDL (DL

0.20)

7. Cyanide as CN (mg/L) BDL (DL

0.02)


0.02)

8. Magnesium as Mg

(mg/L)

15.55 7.78 29.16 24.30

9. Total Dissolved Solids

(mg/L)

435.0 526.0 436.5 410.90

10. Sulphate as SO4 (mg/L) 23.28 17.47 28.13 22.16

11. Fluoride as F (mg/L) 0.44 0.36 0.93 0.76

12. Nitrate as NO3(mg/L) 14.33 15.14 10.20 15.26






S.No. Parameter SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

13. Iron as Fe (mg/L) 0.12 0.18 0.23 0.1

14. Aluminium as Al

(mg/L)

BDL (DL

0.03)


0.03)

15. Boron as B(mg/L) BDL (DL

0.50)


0.50)

16. COD (mg/L) 39.0 39.20 44.10 34.30

17. BOD (3 days at 270C) 12.3 9.90 13.80 11.10

18. Phenolic

Compounds(mg/L)

BDL (DL

0.01)


0.01)

19. Anionic detergents as

MBAS (mg/L)

BDL (DL

0.02)


0.02)

20. Hexa Chromium as Cr+6

(mg/L)

BDL (DL

0.01)


0.01)

21. Zinc as Zn (mg/L) 1.60 0.06 0.04 1.20

22. Copper as Cu (mg/L) 0.20 1.06 1.98 0.03

23. Manganese as Mn

(mg/L)

BDL (DL

0.10)


0.10)

24. Cadmium as Cd (mg/L) BDL (DL

0.001)

BDL (DL

0.001)

BDL (DL 0.001) BDL (DL

0.001)

25. Lead as Pb (mg/L) BDL (DL,

0.01)

BDL (DL, 0.01) BDL (DL, 0.01) BDL (DL,

0.01

26. Selenium as Se (mg/L) BDL (DL,

0.001)

BDL (DL,

0.001)

BDL (DL, 0.001) BDL (DL,

0.001)

27. Arsenic as As (mg/L) BDL (DL,

0.01)

BDL (DL, 0.01) BDL (DL, 0.01) BDL (DL,

0.01)

28. Mercury as Hg (mg/L) BDL (DL,

0.001)

BDL (DL,

0.001)

BDL (DL, 0.001) BDL (DL,

0.001)

29. Total Coliform

(MPN/100mL)

6.1 6.0 5.5 4.0

30. E.coli (MPN/100mL) Absent Absent Absent Absent

C) Ground Water

The Quality of ground water was studied by collecting six water samples from

representative hand pumps, tube wells. Sampling points were decided using google image

and field survey. Standard procedures were followed for the sampling and analysis of

physico–chemical parameters of water. Table 3.15 shows the details of location of water

sampling stations and results of different parameters are given in Table 3.16. Photographs

of the sampling location are presented in Figure 3.15.






Table 3.15: Ground Water Sampling Stations


distance (km)

and direction

from Project

Site

Co-ordinates

Latitude Longitude

W1 Project site -- 30°09'2.631"N 76°53'40.424"E

W2 Near Shahabad 3.5Km,NW 30°10'1.03"N 76°52'22.978"E

W3 Village Padlu 5.6Km,NE 30°11'29.511"N 76°56'12.165"E

W4 Village Ahemadpur 6.0 Km,SW 36°55'1.02"N 76°50'45.99"E

W5 Village Machrauli 6.3 Km, SE 30°05'29.643"N 76°54'35.524"E

W6 Village Narayangarh 6.7 Km, SE 36°06'28.43"N 76°56'57.10"E

3.11.1 Result

Table 3.16 : Ground Water Analysis Result

S.

No.

Parameter W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 Desirabl

e Limit

Permissible

Limit

1. pH (at 25 0C) 7.60 7.80 7.90 8.10 8.30 8.10 6.5 to 8.5 No Relaxation

2. Colour (Hazen) BDL(DL,5) BDL(DL,5) BDL(DL,5) BDL(DL,5) BDL(DL,5) BDL(DL,5) 5 15

3. Turbidity (NTU) BDL(DL,1) BDL(DL,1) BDL(DL,1) BDL(DL,1) BDL(DL,1) BDL(DL,1) 1 5

4. Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeabl

e

Agreeable

5. Taste Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeabl

e

Agreeable

6. Total Hardness as

CaCO3 (mg/L)

268.

0

316.0 156.0 228.0 296.0 416.0 200 600

7. Calcium as Ca

(mg/L)

49.70 76.95 41.68 46.49 81.76 73.75 75 200

8. Alkalinity as

CaCO3 (mg/L)

300.0 300.0 268.0 248.0 284.0 396.0 200 600

9. Chloride as Cl

(mg/L)

25.99 31.99 19.99 29.78 23.99 39.99 250 1000

Residual

Free Chlorine

(mg/L)

BDL(DL,0.20

)

BDL(DL,0.20) BDL(DL,0.20) BDL(DL,0.20) BDL(DL,0.20) BDL(DL,0.

20)

0.2 1

10. Cyanide as CN

(mg/L)

BDL(DL,0.02

)

BDL(DL,0.02) BDL(DL,0.02) BDL(DL,0.02) BDL(DL,0.02) BDL(DL,0.

02)

0.05 No Relaxation

11. Magnesium as 34.99 5.83 12.64 27.22 22.36 56.38 30 100






Mg(mg/L)

12. Total Dissolved

Solids (mg/L)

360.0 404.9 302.00 320.5 378.8 532.50 500 2000

13. Sulphate as

SO4(mg/L)

9.52 17.05 6.39 7.95 8.38 38.92 200 400

14. Fluoride as

F (mg/L)

0.24 0.33 0.33 0.47 0.16 0.28 1.0 1.5

15. Nitrate as

NO3(mg/L)

3.24 9.06 7.94 4.94 8.85 12.34 45 No Relaxation

16. Iron as Fe(mg/L) 0.11 0.11 0.04 0.18 0.11 0.14 0.3 No Relaxation

17. Aluminium as

Al(mg/L)

BDL(DL,

0.03)

BDL(DL, 0.03) BDL(DL, 0.03) BDL(DL, 0.03) BDL(DL, 0.03) BDL(DL,

0.03)

0.03 0.2

18. Boron(mg/L) BDL(DL,

0.50)

BDL(DL,

0.50)

BDL(DL,

0.50)

BDL(DL,

0.50)

BDL(DL,

0.50)

BDL(DL,

0.50)

0.5 1.0

20. Phenolic

Compounds(mg/

L)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

0.001 0.002

22. Anionic

Detergents as

MBAS(mg/L)

BDL(DL,

0.02)

BDL(DL,

0.02)

BDL(DL,

0.02)

BDL(DL,

0.02)

BDL(DL, 0.02) BDL(DL,

0.02)

0.2 1.0

Hexa Chromium

as Cr+6 (mg/L

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)


0.01)

0.05 No

Relaxation

23. Zinc as Zn(mg/L) 0.52 0.40 0.70 0.40 0.50 0.60 5 15

24. Copper as

Cu(mg/L)

BDL(DL,

0.02)

BDL(DL,

0.02)

BDL(DL,

0.02)

BDL(DL,

0.02)


0.02)

0.05 1.5

25. Manganese as

Mn

(mg/L)

BDL(DL, 0.10

)

BDL(DL, 0.10

)

BDL(DL, 0.10

)

BDL(DL, 0.10

)

BDL(DL, 0.10 ) BDL(DL,

0.10)

0.1 0.3

26. Cadmium as Cd

(mg/L)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

0.003 No

Relaxation

27. Lead as Pb

(mg/L)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)


0.01)

0.01 No

Relaxation

28. Selenium as Se

(mg/L)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)


0.01)

0.01 No

Relaxation

29. Arsenic as As

(mg/L)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)

BDL(DL,

0.01)


0.01)

0.01 No

Relaxation

30. Mercury as Hg

(mg/L)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

BDL(DL,

0.001)

0.001 No

Relaxation

31. Total Coliform

MPN/100mL

Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent - 10.00

32. E.Coli

MPN/100mL

Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent






Conclusion

Analysis results of ground water reveal the following;

pH varies from to 7.60 to 8.30

Total Hardness varies from 156.0 to 416.0 mg/L

Total Dissolved Solids varies from 302.00 to 532.50 mg/L

A review of the above chemical analysis reveals that water from all sources remains

suitable for drinking purposes as all the constituents are within the limits prescribed for

drinking water standards promulgated by Indian Standards (IS: 10500).






Figure 3.14: Key Plan of Water Sampling Stations


Figure 3.15: Photograph of Water sampling

3.12 Biological Environment

Terrestrial Floral and Faunal Components of the Study Area

Most of villages in the study area are engaged in crop cultivation and people are fully

depended on the agriculture of this area. Villages are scattered in between the large patches of

agriculture lands. The tree cover in the study area is scanty restricted only in the habituated

areas of the village and few along the boundary of the agricultural fields and road sides. It

was observed that most of the villages in the study area are with large village pond (Johad)

used in rain water harvesting. The name of villages in the study area has some relation like

male/female; brothers/sister; brother/brother; husband/wife etc. as Yara/Yari,

Kalsana/Kalsani, Padlu/Dadlu, Sujra/Sujri, Chapra/Chapri, Bethala/Bertholi, etc. The study

area is also characterized by many water logged regions occupied by hydrophytes. Some

people are engaged in poultry farming while many people are engaged in domestic animal for

milk production like buffalo and cows.






Figure 3.16 Proposed Site for Ethanol Unit






Figure 3.17: Aquatic habitat of Study area






Northern part of the study area is occupied by Markanda River and the famers are practicing

the agriculture and some part is occupied by small patches of Prosopus juliflora while other

villages are occupied by the small patches of scrub land with sparse population of Prosopus

juliflora and Munja (Saccharum munja). The tree species, herbs and shrubs and major crops,

were documented during this base line study.

Figure 3.18 : Markanda River






Floral Diversity of the Study Area

The objective this floral inventory of the study area, is to provide necessary information on

floristic structure in the study area for formulating effective management and conservation

measures. The climatic, edaphic and biotic variations with their complex interrelationship and

composition of species, which are adapted to these variations, have resulted in different

vegetation cover, characteristic of each region (Ohasi, 1975). The tree species, herbs, shrubs,

climbers and major crops, were documented during this base line study (Jain, 1968; 1991).

The list of floral species documented in the study area is enlisted in table 1-4.

Trees: The dominant trees in the study area are Azadirachta indica (Neem), Mangifera

indica (Aam), Dalbergia sisoo (Shisham), Saraca asoca (Ashok tree), Syzygium cumini

(Jamun), Eucalyptus sp. Total 29 species of trees belong to 16 families are enumerated from

the study area.

Table3.17. Trees in the Study area

S.No. Family and Scientific name Vernacular name

1 Anacardiaceae

1/1 Mangifera indica

Aam

2 Arecaceae

2/1 Phoenix sylvestris

Kajoor

3 Bombacaceae

3/1 Bombax ceiba Semal

4 Caesalpiniaceae

4/1 Delonix regia Gaulmor

5/2 Cassia fistula Golden Shower

6/3 Cassia siamea Amaltas

5 Caricaceae

7/1 Carica papaya Papaya

6 Combretaceae

8/1 Terminalia arjuna Arjun

7 Fabaceae

9/1 Saraca asoca Asoka






10/2 Tamarindus indica Imli

11/3 Dalbergia sisoo Shisam

12/4 Acacia catachu Khair

8 Malvaceae

13/1 Thespesia populnea Paras pipal

9 Meliaceae

14/1 Azadirachta indica Neem

15/2 Melia azadirachta Bakain

10 Mimosaceae

16/1 Acacia nilotica Babool

17/2 Leucaena leucocephala Pardesi Baval

18/3 Albizia lebbeck Siris

19/4 Prosopis cineraria Khejari

11 Moraceae

20/1 Ficus benghalensis Bargad

21/2 Ficus religiosa Pipal

12 Myrtaceae

22/1 Eucalyptus sp. Nilgari

23/2 Syzygium cumini Jamun

24/3 Psidium amplexicaule Amrud

13 Papilionaceae

25/1 Pongamia pinnata Karanj

14 Rutaceae

26/1 Citrus limon Nibu

15 Salicaceae

27/1 Populus deltoides Popular

16 Rhamnaceae

28/1 Zizyphus mauritiana Ber

29/1 Zizyphus vulgaris Ber

Shrubs: Shrubs encountered during the present survey are given in the Table 2. Total 18

shrub species belong to 15 families are enumerated from the study area. The dominant shrub

community in this area was represented by Kaner (Nerium indicum), Prosopis juliflora

(Bilayati babool), Calotropis procera, (Akoda) and Ipomoea fistulosa, etc. The shrubs

observed in the study area are given in the table 3.18.






Table 3.18 Lists of Shrubs in the Study Area


1 Apocynaceae

1/1 Nerium indicum Kaner

2 Asclepiadaceae

2/1 Calotropis procera Akoda

3 Balanitaceae

3/1 Balanites aegyptiaca Ingorio

4 Bignoniaceae

4/1 Tecoma stans Peilafol

5 Cactaceae

5/1 Cereus peruvianus Cactus

6 Caesalpiniaceae

6/1 Cassia auriculata -

7 Capparaceae

7/1 Capparis decidua -

8 Compositae

8/1 Xanthium strumarium Gokhru

9 Convolvulaceae

9/1 Ipomoea fistulosa Besharm

10 Euphorbiaceae

10/1 Euphorbia neriifolia Thor

11/2 Jatropha curcas Ratanjot

12/3 Ricinus communis Arand

10 Lythraceae

13/1 Decodon verticillatus Water willow

11 Malvaceae

14/1 Hibiscus rosasinensis Gurhal

12 Musaceae

15/1 Musa paradisiaca Kela

13 Mimosaceae

16/1 Prosopis juliflora Bilayati babool

14 Nyctaginaceae

17/1 Bougainvillea spectabilis Bougainvelia

15 Solanaceae

18/1 Datura metel Datura

Herbs: The herbaceous cover observed in this region is given in the table 3. The most of the

undergrowth was dried up, except near water logged regions and along the periphery of the

village ponds. Total 24 species belongs to 16 family were recorded from the study area.






Table 3.19 List of Herbaceous species observed in the study area


1 Acanthaceae

1/1 Hygrophila auriculata Kokilaksha

2 Asteraceae

2/1 Blumea sps. -

3/2 Eclipta prostrata Bhangro

3 Boraginaceae

4/1

Trichodesma indicum -

4 Chenopodiaceae

5/1 Suaeda nudiflora Moras

6/2 S. fruticosa L. -

5 Cyperaceae

7/1 Cyperus bulbosus -

8/2 Cyperus difformis -

9/3 Cyperus rotundus

6 Lamiaceae ( Labiatae)

10/1 Ocimum basilicum L. Damaro

11/2 Ocimum sanctum L. Tuli

7 Liliaceae

12/1 Aloe barbadensis Mill. Kunvarpato

8 Nymphaeaceae

13/1 Nymphaea stellata

9 Nyctaginaceae

14/1 Boerhavia diffusa L. -

15/2 Boerhavia chinensis Druce -

10 Papilionaceae

16/1 Cortalaria medicaginea Ran methi

17/2 Indigofera oblongifolia -

11 Poaceae (Gramineae)

18/1 Cynodon dactylon Pers. -

19/2 Pennisetum typhoides (Burm.) Bajri

12 Poligonaceae

20/1 Poligonum sp. -

13 Pontederiaceae

21/1 Eichhornia crassipes Jalkumbhi

14 Potamogetonaceae

22/1 Potomogeton sp. -

15 Solanaceae

23/1 Solanum surattense Burm. Bhoringini

16 Typhaceae

24/1 Typha angustata -






Climbers and Twiners: The climbers and twiners observed along the agricultural hedges

and road side hedges of the study area are given in the table 3.20. Total 4 species of climbers/

twiners belongs to 2 families are recorded from the area.

Table 3.20. List of Climbers Observed in the Study Area


1. Convolvulaceae

1/1 Ipomoea obscura Pan Bel

2. Cucurbitaceae

2/1 Citrullus colocynthis Badi indrayan

3/2 Coccinia grandis Kunduru

4/3 Luffa cylindrica Galku

Cultivated Plants in the Study Area

The crop occupying the highest percentage of the sown area of this region is taken as the

major crop and all other possible alternative crops which are sown in this region either as

substitutes of the base crop in the same season or as the crops which fit in the rotation in the

subsequent season, are considered as minor crop.

a. Major Crops: Mainly people of Sahabad (Tehsil) area was dependent on agricultural

corps. Major crops in the study area are Paddy (Oryza sativa), Sugar cane (Saccharum

officinarum), Maize (Zea mays), Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare).

b. Minor crops: The minor crops of this region are Mustard (Brassica campestris var.),

Green gram (Vigna radiate), Sesamum (Sesamum inicum), Pigeon Pea (Punica granatum)

Jowar (Sorghum bicolar) and Black Gram (Vigna mungo) during the whole year.

Rare and Endangered Flora in the Study Area: Among the enumerated flora in the study

area, none of them were assigned any threat category by Red data book of Indian Plants (Jain

and Sastry, 1984; Nayar and Sastry, 1987; 1988; 1990; Oldfield et al., 1998; Kholia and

Bhakuni, 2009) and Red list of threatened Vascular plants (IUCN, 2010).

Endemic Plants of the Study Area: Among recorded plant species observed, none can be

assigned the status of endemic plant of this region.

Status of the Forest, Their Category in Study Area: No forest was observed in the study

area except few scrub land and grazing lands with thin vegetation cover of Prosopis juliflora

and Acacia nilotica.






Faunal Biodiversity of Study Area

Avifauna: The sighting of bird species was very lass during the study period. The most

commonly spotted bird species of this area were; Cattle Egret, Intermediate Egret, Black-

winged Stilt, Red-wattled Lapwing, Rock Pigeon, Eurasian Collared-Dove, Chestnut-headed

Bee-eater, Bank Myna and Common Myna. Only one Indian Peafowl was observed which is

listed as schedule –I as per IWPA, 1972. List of schedule -1 as per Wild life Protection Act

1972, species is given in the table 3.21. Systematic account of the birds in the study area with

the status of occurrence is given in the table 3.21.

Table 3.21 Schedule –I Bird(s) of Study Area

Species As IWPA 1972 IUCN CITES

Indian Peafowl

(Pavo cristatus)

Schedule I Least Concern ver 3.1 Not listed

Table 3.22 Systematic Lists of Birds in the Study Area with Distribution (Dist.) Status

Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist.

I ORDER: APODIFORMES

Family: Apodidae (swifts)

House swift Little Swift Apus affinis R

II ORDER: FALCONIFORMES

Family: Accipitridae (vulture, Sparrow hawk, Eagle, Harrier, Kite and Vulture)

Black-winged Kite Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus R

III. ORDER: CICONIIFORMES

Family: Ardeidae (heron, Egret, Bittern)

Cattle Egret Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis R

Median or Smaller Egret Intermediate Egret Egretta intermedia R

Little Egret Little Egret Egretta garzetta R

Pond Heron Indian Pond-Heron Ardeola grayii R

Family: Charadriidae (Plover, Stilt, Oystercatcher, Lapwing, Avocet )

Black-winged Stilt Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus R

Red-wattled Lapwing Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus R

IV ORDER: COLUMBIFORMES

Family: Columbidae (Pigeon, Dove)

Blue Rock Pigeon Rock Pigeon Columba livia R

Ring Dove Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto R

V ORDER: CORACIFORMES

Family: Dacelonidae (Kingfishers)

White breasted Kingfisher White-throated

Kingfisher

Halcyon smyrnensis R

Family: Coraciidae (Roller)

BlueJay or Roller Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis R






Family: Meropidae (Bee Eater)

Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Chestnut-headed Bee-

eater

Merops leschenaulti R

Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus R

VI. ORDER: CUCULIFORMES

Family: Cuculidae (cuckoo, Koel)

Koel Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea R

Indian Drongo Cuckoo Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus lugubris R

VII. ORDER: GALLIFORMES

Family: Phasianidae (Peafowl, Partridge, Quail, francolin, Spur fowl, Jungle fowl,

Monal)

Common Peafowl Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus R

Common Quail Common Quail Coturnix coturnix R

VIII. ORDER: GRUIFORMES

Family: Rallidae (Waterhen, coot, crake water cock, Moorhen, Rail)

White-breasted Water hen White-breasted Water

hen

Amaurornis phoenicurus R

Indian Moorhen Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus R

XI. ORDER: PASSERIFORMES

Family: Corvidae

House Crow House Crow Corvus splendens R

Black drongo- King Crow Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus R

Family: Muscicapidae (Short wing, Chat, Robin, Shama

Indian Robin Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicata R

Family: Nectariniidae (Sun Birds, Flower pecker, Spider hunter)

Purple Sunbird Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica R

Family: Passeridae (Avadavat, Pipit, Wagtail, Munia, Snowfinch, Sparrow, Accentor)

House Sparrow House Sparrow Passer domesticus R

Family: Pycnonotidae (Bulbul)

Red-whiskered Bulbul Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus R

Family: Sturnidae (Myna, Starling)

Bank Myna Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus R

Indian Myna Common Myna Acridotheres tristis R

Family: Sylviidae (Warbler, Browning, Fulvetta, Babbler, Laughing thrash, Tailor birds)

Tailorbird Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius R

IX. ORDER: PSITTACIFORMES

Family: Psittacidae (Parrot and Parakeet)

Rose-ringed Parakeet Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri R

Family: Ploceidae

Baya Baya weaver Ploceus philippinus R

Note: R = Widespread Resident, r = Very Local Resident, W = Widespread Winter Visitor, w

= Sparse Winter Visitor, RW =Resident and winter visitor as per the distribution given in

WCMC, Check list of Indian Birds.






Butterflies from the study area: Butterflies observed during the present study are documented in

the Table 3.23.

Table 3.23 Butterflies in the Study Area

Scientific name and family Common name

Family Papilionidae

Papilio polytes Common Mormon

Family Pieridae

Eurema hecabe Common Grass yellow

Ixias Marianne White orange tip

Family: Nymphalidae

Danaus genutia Cramer Stripped Tiger

Hypolimanas misippus Danaid egg fly

Mycalesis perseus Common bush brown

Herpetofauna: Frog and toads were sighted during the study period. The reptiles’ document in

the region is given in the table 3.24.

Table 3.24 Reptiles and Amphibian in the Study Area

S.No. Common Name Scientific name Schedule as IWPA, 1972

1. Toad Bufo bufo Not listed

2. Medhak Rana tigrina Schedule IV

3. Common Garden Lizard Calotes versicolor Not listed

4. Fan-Throated Lizard Sitana ponticeriana Not listed

5. House Gecko Hemidactylus flaviviridis Not listed

Mammals: The wild mammals observed other than the domesticated ones are given in the table

below.

Table 3.25. Mammals in Study area

S.No. Common Name Scientific name Status as per IWPA 1972

1. Bat Rousettus leschenaulti Schedule V

2. Common House rat Rattus rattus Schedule V

3. Five striped Palm Squirrel Funambulus pennanii Schedule IV

4. Indian field mouse Mus booduga Schedule IV

5. Nilgai (Blue Bull) Boselaphus tragocamelus Schedule-III

Fishes: The villages have pond (Johad) for rainwater harvesting and the water used by animals

and villages both for bathing and drinking. Some village pond in the study area is used for

aquaculture. The Markanda River is the major water body in the study area, but it has no major






water stream during the study, hence no key aquatic life observed. The fishes observed in the

study area are given in the table below.

Table 3.26 Fishes in Study area

S.No. Local Name Scientific name

1. Kali Machali Barbus chilinadea

2. Mahseer Tor barakae

3. Rohu Labeo rohita

4. Singi Clarias batrachus

Domestic Animals in the study area

The domestic animals observed in the study area are given in the table below.

Table 3.27 Domestic Animals in Study area

S.No. English/Hindi Name Family Scientific name

1. Buffalo/ Bhains Bovidae Bulbalus bulbalis

2. Cow/Gai Bovidae Bos primigenius

3. Dog/Kutta Canidae Canis lupus familiaris

4. Donkey/Gadah Equidae Equus africanus asinus

5. Goat/Bakri Bovidae Capra hircus

6. Horse/Ghoda Equidae Equus caballus

7. Ox/Bail Bovidae Bos indicus

8. Sheep/Bhed Bovidae Ovis aries

Rare and Endangered Fauna of Study Area: Some of the sighted fauna was given protection

by the Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 by including them in different schedules. Among

the birds in the study area, Pea fowl (Pavo cristatus) is included in schedule I of Wild life

protection Act (1972), while many other birds are included in schedule IV. Among the reptiles,

no one is listed except Frog (schedule IV). Among mammals; Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus)

is protected as Schedule-III animal and five stripped squirrels are included in schedule IV of

Wild Life Protection act 1972.

Endemic Fauna of the Study Area: None of the sighted animal species can be assigned

endemic species category of the study area.

3.13 Socio-Economic Environment

The growth of industrial sectors and infrastructure developments in and around the

agriculture dominant areas, villages and towns are bound to create its impact on the

socio-economic aspects of the local population. The impacts may be positive or negative






depending upon the developmental activity. To assess the impacts on the socio-

economics of the local people, it is necessary to study the existing socio-economic status

of the local population, which will be helpful for making efforts to further improve the

quality of life in the area of study. To study the socio-economic aspects of people in the

study area around the proposed project site, the required data has been collected from

various secondary sources and supplemented by the primary data generated through the

process of a limited door to door socio-economic survey.

Methodology adopted for the Study

The methodology adopted for the study is based on the review of secondary data, such as

District Census Statistical Handbooks-2011 and the records of National Informatics

Center, New Delhi, for the parameters of demography, occupational structure of people

within the general study area of 10-km radius around the proposed project site.

Review of Demographic and Socio-economic Profile - 2011

The sociological aspects of this study include human settlements, demography, social

such as scheduled castes and scheduled tribes and literacy levels besides infrastructure

facilities available in the study area. The economic aspects include occupational structure

of workers. The salient features of the demographic and socio-economic details are

described in the following sections and Figure 3.16.

Demography

Distribution of Population

As per 2011 census, the study area consists of 91257 persons. The distribution of

population in the study area is given in Table 3.28. The males and females constitute

58.3% and 46.7% of the study area population respectively.

Table3.28 : Distribution of Population

Particular 10 Km around Project Site

No. of Households 18434

Male Population 48650

Female Population 42607

Total Population 91257

Average Household Size 5.0

Male % 58.3%

Female% 46.7 %






Average Household Size

The average household size of the study area is 5.0 persons. The low family size could be

attributed to a high degree of urbanization with migration of people with higher literacy

levels who generally opt for smaller family size and family welfare measures.

Gender Ratio

The configuration of male and female indicates that the males constitute to about 58.3%

and females to 58.3% of the total population as per 2011 census records. The sex ratio i.e.

the number of females per 1000 males indirectly reveals certain sociological aspects in

relation with female births, infant mortality among female children and single person

family structure, a resultant of migration of industrial workers. The study area on an

average has 876 females per 1000 males as per 2011 census.

Literacy Levels

The study area experiences an average literacy rate of 71.2 %. The distribution of literate

and literacy rate in the study area is given in Table 3.29.

Social Structure

As per 2011 census, the percentage of scheduled caste population is 21.9 % within 10-km

radius study area. The percentage of Schedule tribe population is 0 %. The distribution of

population by social structure is given in Table 3.30.

Table 3.29 Distribution of Literate and Literacy Rates

Particular 10 Km around Project Site

Total literate 65037

Average literacy (%) 71.2%

Total population 91257

Table- 3.30 Distribution of Population by Social Structure

Particular 10 Km around

Project Site

%age to

the total

population

Total SC and ST

population 20005 21.9%

Schedule Tribes 0 0%

Other caste

population

71252 78.1%







Project Site

%age to

the total

population

Total Population 91257

Occupational Structure

The occupational structure of residents in the study area is studied with reference to main

workers, marginal workers and non-workers. The main workers include 10 categories of

workers defined by the Census Department consisting of cultivators, agricultural

labourers, those engaged in live-stock, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying;

manufacturing, processing and repairs in household industry; and other than household

industry, construction, trade and commerce, transport and communication and other

services. The marginal workers are those workers engaged in some work for a period of

less than six months during the reference year prior to the census survey. The non-

workers include those engaged in unpaid household duties, students, retired persons,

dependents, beggars, vagrants etc; institutional inmates or all other non-workers who do

not fall under the above categories. As per 2011 census records, altogether the main

workers works out to be 31.0% of the total population. The marginal workers and non-

workers constitute to 3.9% and 65.1% of the total population respectively. The

distribution of workers by occupation indicates that the non-workers are the predominant

population. The occupational structure of the study area is shown in Table 3.31.

Table 3.31 Occupational Structure


Project Site

%age to

study area

Total main workers 28349 31.0%

Marginal workers 3544 3.9%

Non-workers 59364 65.1%

Total population 91257






Conclusion

All the basic facilities like road and rail network, medical facilities, post and telegraph,

market, drinking water facilities and education facilities are available. The proposed

project will be boon for the surrounding area.

Figure 3.19: Demographic Structure of Study Area

3.14 Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste

This is a proposed project. Hence, no solid and hazardous waste observed at site. The

proposed generation details are given in Chapter 4.

3.15 Risk Assessment

As this project is a proposed project. Hence, no risk at site. The future project risk

assessment has been done and given in Chapter 7.

3.16 Summary







proposed project site. The ToR presentation for proposed project was held on 20th

January, 2015 and ToR was granted by MoEF&CC on 31st March, 2014. M/s Shahabad

Co-operative Sugar Mills Ltd. requested vide letter dated 30th

December, 2014 to

MoEF&CC regarding permission to start baseline monitoring from 1st October to 31

st

December 2014. During ToR Presentation Experts Committee Members accepted the

period from 1st October to 31

st December 2014 and desired that one month additional

data to be collected. As per EAC recommendation additional one month (1st January to

31st January 2015) data collection has been done. The baseline information on micro-

meteorology, ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality and floristic

descriptions are largely drawn from the data generated by M/s Vardan Enviro Lab,

Gurgaon (NABL Accredited Lab). Land use pattern shows that most of the land is

agriculture land. The study area represents almost flat alluvial plain without any

conspicuous topographical features. The area falls in the Upper Jamuna and Ghaggar

Basins and the principal ground water reservoir in the area is unconsolidated alluvial

deposits of Quaternary age. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the minimum

and maximum concentrations of PM10 for all the 06 AAQM stations were found to be

41.4 g/m3 and 69.2 g/m

3 respectively, while for PM2.5 it vary between 25.0 g/m

3 to

40.1 g/m3. The maximum and minimum concentrations of SO2 were found to be 14.7

g/m3 to 25.0 g/m

3 respectively. The maximum and minimum concentrations of NO2

were found to be 15.0 g/m3 to 28.0 g/m3 respectively. Maximum and minimum noise

levels recorded during the day time were from 54.10 Leq dB and 49.67 Leq dB

respectively and maximum and minimum level of noise during night time were 44.70 Leq

dB and 42.00 Leq dB respectively. Thus noise levels at all locations were observed to be

within the prescribed limits. The analysis results show that soil was basic in nature as pH

value ranges from 7.23 to 8.10 with water holding capacity of 36.78 to 42.80%. Analysis

results of ground water reveal the results: pH varies from 7.60 to 8.30, total hardness

varies from 156.0 to 416.0 mg/L, total dissolved solids varies from 302.00 to 532.50

mg/L. All the basic facilities like road and rail network, medical facilities, post and

telegraph, market, drinking water facilities and education facilities are available. The






project will also provide impetus to industrialization of the area and would be boon for

the district as it will not only result in employment opportunity but also infrastructure

development and overall growth of the area.

M/s Shahabad Co-operative Sugar Mills Ltd. Final EIA/EMP Report (60 KLD Ethanol Plant and 3 MW Captive Power Plant) Village -Jandheri, Tehsil-Shahabad, Dist. Kurukshetra, Haryana


Chapter-4

Anticipated Environmental Impact and

Mitigation Measures 4.0 Introduction

The Environmental Impact Assessment in and around the unit from proposed project is

core theme of this Chapter. Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as

either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are those which are attributed directly to

the project and secondary impacts are those which are indirectly induced and typically

include the associated investment and changed patterns of social and economic activities

by the proposed action. Also the Environmental impact can be categorized as short term

and long term.

Quantification of assessments in terms of measurable units would be the ideal method for

impact assessment. Mathematical models are the best tools to quantitatively describe

cause-effect relationships between sources of pollution and different components of

environment. However, due to lack of information/data, uncertainties involved and

complex interrelationships between various sectors of environment, it is not always

possible or at least not easily achievable. In such cases, only qualitative predictions have

been made based on experience and judgments.

The Environment Management Plan (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable development

in the study area (10 Km) of the proposed plant site, hence it needs to be an all en-

compassive plan for which the proposed industry, Regulating agencies like pollution

control board working in the region and more importantly the affected population of the

study area need to extend their co-operation and contribution.

The affected environmental attributes in the region are air quality, water quality, soil,

land use, ecology and public health. The management action plan aims at controlling

pollution at the source level to the extent possible with the available and affordable

technology followed by treatment measures before they are discharged. The proposed

project would create impact on the environment in two distinct phases:

i. During the construction phase which may be regarded as temporary or short term; and

ii. During the operation phase which would have long term effects.



The construction and operational phase of the proposed project comprises various

activities each of which will have an impact on some or other environmental parameters.

Various impacts during the construction and operation phase on the environmental

parameters have been studied and mitigation measures for the same are discussed briefly

below and elaborated in the subsequent sections.

4.1 Construction Phase

This phase involves the activities like erection of civil structures, movement/ removal

of old construction, erection of new equipment and machinery, green belt development

etc. Air, Noise and Land are likely to be effected by these activities, although

Aesthetics and Socio-economic factors are also identified. But the impacts will be

marginal and for short term only. The green belt development will have positive impacts.

The impacts on different environmental parameters due to proposed project construction

are discussed in Table 4.1.

Table 4.1 : Impact Identification Matrix (Construction Phase)

Activities Environmental Attributes

Air Noise Water Hydro

geology

Geology Climate Land

Ecology Socio

Economic

Solid/Ha

zardous

Risk

Operation of

DGs

√ √ - - - √ - - - √ √

Operation of

Construction

Equipment

√ √ √ - √ - - √ - √ √

Traffic √ √ - - - - - - - - √

Land

Developmen

t and

Building

Construction

√ - √ √ - - √ √ √ √ √

Where √ Yes - No

4.1.1 Impact on Land Use

The construction activity would bring immediate changes in the land use pattern of the

proposed plant area as well as in the vicinity. The land required for the project will

undergo a change due to cutting, stripping, excavation, levelling, landscaping, loss of

vegetative cover and erection of structures of the proposed project:



i. The impact on land use will be long term and permanent but will be on a smaller

scale. Construction of plant will lead to permanent change in land use pattern at

the site as a direct impact.

ii. The construction activities would attract a sizeable population and influx of

population is likely to be associated with construction of temporary hutment for

construction work force. However, this will be only a temporary change and will

be restricted to construction period.

iii. As soon as the construction phase is over, the land use pattern modified to meet

the requirement of construction phase will be reversed. Development activity also

induces changes in land use pattern of the adjoining areas because of the

increased availability of infrastructural facilities, increase in commercial value of

land etc.

Mitigation Measures

Although, the impact on land use will be long term and permanent it can be considerably

reduced by taking following measures:

i. Minimize clearance of trees by appropriate attention during finalizing layout.

ii. Enforcement of restriction for timber and waste disposal etc.

iii. The excavation material should be dumped in low lying areas so as to reduce visual

impact.

4.1.2 Impact on Soil and Mitigation Measures

i. Construction activities involving levelling, excavation and removal of existing

vegetation would invariably disturb the soil of the area. The impacts on soil during

construction phase will be mainly due to loss of top soil in the construction areas and

contamination of the soils of surrounding area due to construction materials such as

cement, sand, oils, etc.

ii. The disturbances would be more pronounced during the summer and monsoon

seasons with strong rains. However, it will be temporary and will be confined to the

areas of construction only.

iii. Generally, such disturbances are confined to the area of activity i.e. the main plant.

Appropriate soil conservation measures associated with improved construction

techniques would minimize such impacts.



Mitigation Measures:

i. Timely afforestation activities would also contribute positively towards soil

conservation. Apart from localized construction impacts at the plant site, no adverse

impacts on soil in the surrounding area are anticipated.

4.1.3 Impact on Air Environment

i. Impacts of construction activities on air quality are cause for concern mainly in the dry

months due to dust particles generated from leveling, grading, earthworks, and other

construction related activities. The dust generated is in the range of 2500-3000 µg/m3.

ii. The dust emitted during the above mentioned activities depend upon the type of soil

being excavated and the ambient humidity levels. The dust generated during the

construction activities will however, settle quickly.

iii. The composition of dust in this kind of operation is, however, mostly inorganic and

nontoxic in nature.

Mitigation Measures

i. Sprinkler will be installed along the haul and kuccha road.

ii. The wetting of Kuccha road will be done by water tankers regularly.

iii. Green belt will be developed along the project boundary, haul road and inside the

plant roads.

iv. The PUC (Pollution under control) will be checked at the entrance.

v. The material brought in trucks will be covered properly with plastic sheets.

vi. The sand/cement stored at the site will also be covered with plastic sheet.

vii. The temporary barrier will be created along boundary of the project site so that effect

of wind and generation of dust be minimized.

Conclusion : By adopting the above mitigation measures the emission level will be

brought down and PM10 will be minimized below 100 µg/m3.

4.1.4 Impact on Water Environment

i. Effluents from the construction area mainly contain suspended solids while the sanitary

waste from the labour colonies contains suspended matter.

ii. The loose construction material like sand, cement etc. and excavated earth/construction

debris may get washed off during heavy precipitation.



Mitigation Measures

i. Adequate arrangements for proper drainage and disposal of wastewater and routing of

the effluents from construction area through sedimentation basins and provision of

proper sanitary facilities with treatment will eliminate these problems of water

pollution. Moreover, these impacts will be temporary in nature.

4.1.5 Impact on Noise Environment

i. The major sources of noise during the construction phase are vehicular traffic,

construction equipment like dozers, scrapers, concrete mixers, cranes, generators,

pumps, compressors, rock drills, pneumatic tools, vibrators etc. The operation of

these equipments will generate noise ranging between 70-90 dB (A).

ii. The noise produced during the construction will have significant impact on noise

levels in the working environment as well as on personnel operating these machines.

However, the construction noise is limited to duration of construction only.

Mitigation Measures

i. Mandatory use of personal protective equipment like ear plugs will be ensured to

mitigate any significant impact of such equipment on personnel operating the

machinary.

ii. Long exposure to high noise levels will be avoided by practicing proper shift

arrangement for workers. Similarly, shift arrangements will be made to avoid long

exposure to hand-arm vibration and full body vibration.

iii. Noise making construction activities will be carried out during day time only.

4.1.6 Ecological Impact Assessment

Table 4.2 : Ecological Impact due to proposed distillery unit

Ecological

Criteria

Identified

Impacts

Ecological significance of

Impact

Magnitude Duration

/Timing/

Frequency

Reversibility Mitigation Cumulative

Impact

Zone of

Influence

Project site

habitat

Due to Site

clearance.

The proposed distillery

unit is located in open land

(already occupied by

Shahabad Cooperative

Sugar Ltd. No site

clearance is required. Only

some scrub area will be

cleared.

Low impact - Reversible - No

Cumulative

impact

Zone of

Influence

Ecological

Impact

Surrounding

habitat due to

fugitive emission.

Not much impact on the

surrounding habitat is

envisaged due to the

transportation activity

except some fugitive

emission.

Temporary

Impact

Only during

the

transportation

activity.

Reversible The green belt

(33%) within

premises and

approach road

which will

restrict the

fugitive

emission.

No

cumulative

impact

Accessibility Ecological

Impact due to

road

construction

No Road construction is

required to assess the

project site. The existing

internal Roads are

connected to the existing

SH road and then to the

highway.

No impact - - - No Impact

Zone of Ecological During operation phase No impact During No The waste No impact



Influence

Impact on

Surrounding/

Eco sensitive

habitat due to

waste water

generated from

the project

activity.

daily water requirement of

the proposed activity will

be 950 KLD. The waste

water from the process will

treat and reuse at site only.

operation

Phase

water will be

treated in ETP

and then goes

into MEE.

Proper

treatment of

waste water to

meet CPCB

permissible

disposal limit.

Proposed

plant is ZLD.

Zone of

Influence

Ecological

Impact on

Surrounding/Eco

sensitive habitat

due to Noise

generated from

the project

activity.

The Noise level during the

operation phase is around

75 dB. The impact on

ambient noise level will be

restricted only on the

factory premises. The

ambient air quality of the

surrounding villages may

not have any significance

increase due to the project

activity.

Low impact

on Flora and

fauna

During

operation

Phase

No As given in

The EMP

section.

No impact



4.1.7 Impact on Socio economic Environment

During construction phase of the proposed project, labors will be required and this

requirement will meet from surrounding area. Hence, positive impact will be on Socio

economic environment.

4.1.8 Impact of Solid and Hazardous Waste

During construction phase of the proposed project, top soil, construction debris and oil

from the machineries will be generated.

Mitigation Measures

i. Top soil will be stacked separately and will be used for green belt;

ii. Construction debris will be used for filling of low laying area; and

iii. Used oil will be sold to CPCB authorized vendor.

4.1.9 Risk Assessment during Construction

During construction activity various risk involved. Hence, detailed study has been done

and given in Chapter 7.

4. 2 Operational Phase

This phase of the project is important because it generates long-term impacts as the

production starts. The primary impacts causing likely deterioration will be in Air, Water,

Noise and Land / Soil due to the gaseous emissions, vehicular movement, and discharge

of liquid effluent. Identification of impacts during operation phase is given in Table 4.3.

Table 4.3 Identification of Impacts during Operation Phase

Activity Environme

ntal

Attribute

Cause Impact Characteristics

Nature Duration Reversibility Significance

Emissions

from various

unit processes

and vehicular

traffic

Air Quality

(SPM, SO2,

NOx, CO,

HC)

Unit operations,

Vehicle

Operation and

fuel

Combustion

Negligible

Negative

Long

Term

Reversible Low as ambient

and stack

monitoring ,

Scrubber Vehicle

maintenance will

be performed

Noise

levels

Noise

generation from

machinery and

Vehicles

Minor

Negative

Short

Term

Reversible Low, due to noise

protection

measures,

periodical vehicle

maintenance

Solid Waste

Disposal

Land and

Soil

Generation of

Solid Waste

Minor

Negative

Short

Term

Reversible Low, proper

collection and

Disposal



Activity Environme

ntal

Attribute

Cause Impact Characteristics

Nature Duration Reversibility Significance

Wastewater

Discharge

Water

Quality

Generation of

Wastewater

Minor

Negative

Short

Term

Reversible ETP will be

provided

DG Set Air Quality Exhaust

Emissions

Minor

Negative

Short

Term

Reversible Low, DG Set is

only a standby

Noise

Levels

Noise

Generation

Minor

Negative

Short

Term

Reversible Low due to Noise

Protection

measures

Green Belt

Development

Ecology Planting of

Trees

Positive Long

Term

Reversible High Positive

Impact

Socio-

Economic

Employme

nt

Generation

Direct and

Indirect

employment

Positive Long term Irreversible High, new

opportunities of

income for many

families

Quality of

Life

In flow of funds

in the

region/nation

Positive Long

Term

Irreversible High, the project

will generate

employment

This phase includes following activities:

i. Transportation

ii. Raw material storage

iii. Industrial development

iv. Product manufacturing

v. Gaseous emission

vi. Effluent discharge

vii. Solid waste generation

viii. Occasional equipment failure / Process upset and related problems

ix. Product storage

x. Chemical Hazards

xi. Generation of employment opportunity

xii. Contribution to social welfare

4.2.1 Ambient Air Quality Modeling

ISCST3 Dispersion Model

The Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Short Term model provides options to model

emissions from a wide range of sources that might be present at a typical industrial

source complex. ISCST3 is US-EPA approved model to predict the air quality. The



model uses urban dispersion and regulatory defaults options as per guidelines on air

quality models (PROBES/70/1997-1998). Emission sources are categorized into four

basic types of sources, i.e., point sources, volume sources, area sources, and open pit

sources. The volume source option and the area source option may also be used to

simulate line sources. The model assumes receptors on flat terrain. The ISC short term

area source model is based on a numerical integration over the area in the upwind and

cross wind directions of Gaussian plume formula. This can be applied to the Point, Area,

Line or Volume sources simultaneously and their resultant incremental concentration of

the pollutant can be predicted.

Model Options Used For Computations

The options used for short-term computations are:

• The plume rise is estimated by Briggs formulae, but the final rise is always limited to

that of the mixing layer;

• Stack tip down-wash is not considered;

• Buoyancy Induced Dispersion is used to describe the increase in plume dispersion

during the ascension phase;

• Calms processing routine is used by default;

• Flat terrain is used for computations;

• It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physio-chemical transformation

and that there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition;

• Washout by rain is not considered; and

• Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations with 100 m grid

interval.

Gaussian Plume Model

Ground Level Concentration () from a point source at any receptor is given by (USEPA

ISCST3, 1987).

= Qg1g2

where,

g1 = exp(-y2/2y2)

g2 = exp[-(z-H)2/2z2] + exp[-(z+H)2/2z2]

(2 y zu)



Q = source strength

Z = receptor height above the ground

He = effective stack height (Plume rise + Physical stack height)

u = wind speed at stack level

y & z = dispersion parameters

Figure 4.1 – Gaussian Plume Model

Dispersion Parameters

Dispersion parameters y and z for urban diffusion are used as the project is located on a

flat terrain in an rural area. Atmospheric dispersion coefficients vary with downwind

distance (x) from emission sources for different atmospheric stability conditions.



Table 4.4 : Dispersion parameters as per stability class (Urban Area)

Stability Class y

z

A 0.22x(1+0.0001x)-.5

0.20x

B 0.16x(1+0.0001x)-.5

0.12x

C 0.11x(1+0.0001x)-.5

0.08x(1+0.0002x).5

D 0.08x(1+0.0001x)-.5

0.06(1+0.0015x).5

E 0.06x(1+0.0001x)-.5

0.03x(1+0.0003x)-1

F 0.04x(1+0.0001x)-.5

0.16x(1+0.0003x)-1

Plume Rise

Plume rise h has been determined according to Brigg’s formula (CPCB guideline)

h = 21.425 F3 4

for F<55

Us

h = 38.71 F3 5

for F>55

Us

F = g VsD2(Ts-Ta)/4Ts

Where

Us = wind speed at stack level (m/s)

Vs = stack gas velocity (m/s)

Ts = stack gas temperature (0K)

Ta = ambient temperature (0K)

F = Buoyancy flux parameter (m4/s3)

h = Plume rise (m)

D = Diameter of the stack (m)

g = acceleration due to gravity, 9.807 (m/s2)

Model Setup

Calculation of Stack Height

The plant will have a 3.0 MW cogeneration power plant along with the distillery unit.

Emissions due to operation of 20TPH boiler will be the major source of pollution during

the operation phase. Slops and Agricultural waste (bagasse / rice) will be used as fuel for

boiler operation. The calculation of stack height for operating boiler is calculated as

below.



Boiler Stack Height

For the small boilers, the required stack height with the boiler will be calculated by

using the formula given below. In no case the stack height will be less than 11 meters.

The percentage sulphur content in slopes, rice husk and bagasse is 0.63, 0.08 and 0.0,

respectively. The stack height is calculated based on fuel sulphur content of 0.40%.

Where,

h = height of stack, m

Q = SO2 emission rate in kg/hr

Table 4.5 : Calculation of DG Set Stack Height

Source Capacity Calculated Stack

Height (m)

Proposed Stack

Height (m)

Boiler 20 TPH 36.323 37

Emissions from DG Set and Boiler

The details of source parameters, calculated emission rates from boiler based on CPCB

guidelines are presented in the Table 3. The stack diameter and exit velocity are assumed

to be 1 m and 15m/s at the outlet.

Table 4.6 : Source Parameter

Location Capacity

Stack

Diameter

(m)

Flow

Rate

(Nm3/s)

Exit Gas

Temp.*

(oC)

Emission Rates (g/s)

SO2 NOX PM10

Boiler 20 TPH 1 8.11 160 6.67 1.92 1.22

Results

ISCST3 Model Results

The ISCST3 model was setup to predict the cumulative maximum ground level

concentration of SO2, NOx and PM10 generated due to operation of Boiler at the plant

location. Point source resembling the stack at location of proposed source was fixed.

Receptors were fixed at baseline monitoring stations. The model was run for 24-hour

operation of boiler.



The predicted maximum incremental GLC (24-hour average) of SO2, NOx and PM10 in

was found as 22.539µg/m³, 6.488µg/m³ and 4.123µg/m³ respectively. The spatial

distribution of SO2, NOx and PM10 GLC in 10km study area is presented in Figure 2 to

4. The predicted 24-hourly maximum ground level concentrations at baseline air quality

monitoring locations are presented in table 4.7.

Table 4.7 – Predicted GLC of PM10 at Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations

Village

Max Baseline Conc.

(µg/m3)

Predicted GLC (µg/m3) Cumulative GLC (µg/m

3)

SO2 NOX PM10 SO2 NOX PM10 SO2 NOX PM10

Project Site 12.2 20.5 54.8 0.26378 0.07593 0.04825 12.464 20.576 54.848

Shahbad 15.1 28 70.1 1.63827 0.47158 0.29965 16.738 28.472 70.400

Padlu 12.1 24.1 64.9 0.46325 0.13335 0.08473 12.563 24.233 64.985

Ahmedpur 14 24.8 60.1 2.63747 0.75921 0.48242 16.637 25.559 60.582

Machrauli 12 22 55.7 0.28084 0.08084 0.05137 12.281 22.081 55.751

Narayangarh 12 23.9 60 8.26397 2.37883 1.51155 20.264 26.279 61.512



Figure 4.2 Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of SO2



Figure 4.3 Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of NOx



Figure 4.4 Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of PM10






4.2.2 Impact on Air Environment

The Bagasse (of calorific value – 3500 Kcal/kg) will be used as fuel in the boiler to

produce steam for operation of plant and 3 MW power plant.

The particulate emission passing through the stack is in the range of 1500-2000mg/m3.

During transportation of raw material finished product there will be generation of dust

emission from the road.

DG set without proper stack height will cause air pollution.

Mitigation Measures

To control the emission from attached to the boiler will be designed as under:

Stack Height -37m

Stack Diameter – 1m

Flow Rate – 8.11 Nm3/sec,

it as m - C

Exit Velocity -15 m/sec

In addition to above and to control the emission level of 1500-2000 mg/m3

the ESP of

(99.8%) will be installed which will be bring down the emission level within

permissible limit of 50 mg/m3.

To control the dust emission from transfer of truck/tanker/vehicle from raw material

and products the roads will be asphalted

Water sprinkling will be done on the road

For Acoustic D. G. Sets, stack height of 8 m above the roof level will be maintained as

per CPCB guidelines.

The ambient air monitoring will be carried out regularly in the work zone and

surrounding areas, which shows that ambient air levels of the contaminants, are well

below the stipulated norms.

Around 30% area will be developed as green belt around the periphery and within

premises will be developed which will help in attenuating the pollutants emitted by the

plant.

Conclusion : By adopting these mitigation measure, the ambient air quality will come

down within limits i.e. PM10 <100 µg/m3, PM2.5 <60 µg/m

3.






Besides this, odour is also a problem in the project due to typical odour compounds:

i. Better housekeeping by regular steaming of all fermentation equipment;

ii. Use of efficient bio-cides to control bacterial contamination;

iii. Control of temperature during fermentation to avoid in-activation / killing of yeast;

iv. Air Treatment Technology will manage aerial emission prior to discharge to the

atmosphere via a stack. The stack will be designed with sufficient height (30 m) to aid

dispersion to the point where emissions will not impact on any receptors.

4.2.3 Impact on Water Environment

Total except for the major and most harmful effluent (spent wash, 540m3/day) from

the analyzer column and fermenter sludge, other effluents are quite small and do not

need any specific treatment.

Table 4.8 : Characteristics of Spent Wash

S.No. Parameters Value

1. Flow, m3/day 400

2. pH 4.0-4.5

3. Temperature, deg. C 75

4. BOD (mg/L) 60,000

5. COD (mg/L) 1,20,000 to 1,40,000

6. T.S. 12-14% w/w

7. Potassium mg/L <8,500

8. Sulphate (mg/L) <6,500

9. Nitrogen (mg/L) 1000

10. Phosphorus (mg/L) 100

11. Color Dark Brown






The purge from cooling tower will probably have a maximum 2000 ppm of

dissolved solids

Floor washings will have some dissolved solids and some gritty material

Spent lees is generally pure and hence most of it will be circulated to the process

Boiler blow down will have 3000 ppm of dissolved solids and can go to normal

drainage system

Mitigation Measures:

The proposed Molasses bas d distill ry would b bas d on “Z ro Liquid

Discharg ” (ZLD)

Spent wash will be concentrated in MEE (Multiple Effect Evaporator), then the

semisolid waste from MEE (Multiple Effect Evaporator) will be sent in specially

designed boiler for incineration.

Condensate will be treated in condensate polishing unit and will used as make-up

water in cooling tower.

A duly lined lagoon of 30 days capacity shall be provided.

Online effluent quality monitoring system will be installed at the outlet of the unit

for measurement of the parameters flow, pH, COD, BOD & TSS etc. and

transmission done of online data to Haryana State Pollution Control Board and

CPCB will be

4.2.4 Rain Water Harvesting /Recharge Plan

The storm water disposal system for the premises will be self-sufficient to avoid any

collection/stagnation and flooding of water. Storm water drainage plan of the project is

enclosed. The amount of storm water run-off depends upon many factors such as

intensity and duration of precipitation, characteristics of the tributary area and the time

required for such flow to reach the drains. The drains will be located near the carriage

way along either side of the roads. Taking the advantage of road camber, the rainfall run

off from roads will flow towards the drains. Storm water from various plots/will be






connected to adjacent drain by a pipe through catch basins. Adequate numbers of

rainwater harvesting pits at selected locations will be constructed, which will catch the

maximum run-off from the area.

1. Since the existing topography is congenial to surface disposal, a network of storm

water pipe drains is planned adjacent to roads. All building roof water will be brought

down through rain water pipes;

2. Proposed storm water system consists of pipe drain, catch basins and seepage pits at

regular intervals for rain water harvesting and ground water recharging;

3. Design specifications of the rain water harvesting plan are as follows:

Catchments/roofs would be accessible for regular cleaning;

The roof will have smooth, hard and dense surface which is less likely to be

damaged allowing release of material into the water. Roof painting has been

avoided since most paints contain toxic substances and may peel off;

All gutter ends will be fitted with a wire mesh screen and a first flush device

would be installed. Most of the debris carried by the water from the rooftop like

leaves, plastic bags and paper pieces will get arrested by the mesh at the terrace

outlet and to prevent contamination by ensuring that the runoff from the first 10-

20 minutes of rainfall is flushed off.;

No sewage or wastewater would be admitted into the system;

No wastewater from areas likely to have oil, grease, or other pollutants has been

connected to the system.

Table 4.9 Rain Water Harvesting/Recharge Details

S.No. Particulars Catchment Area

in m2 (A)

Runoff

Coefficient

(C)

Rainfall

Intensity in

mm/Annum (I)

Discharge

(m3)

1. Rooftop area 8093 0.85 0.8 8094.65

2. Green area 6070 0.65 0.8 3946.30

3. Paved area 27822 0.20 0.8 4451.52

Total 13111.16






Annually about 13111.16 m3 water will be conserved by rain water harvesting system and

will be discharge in ground water through recharge pit.

4.2.5 Noise Modelling

The major noise sources during operation phase will be transportation and operation of

DG Sets and other machinery inside the plant. The transportation of raw materials and

finished goods to and from the plant will contribute to the noise levels both inside the

plant premises as well as outside. The contribution of noise generated from operation of

machinery will contribute mostly to the noise levels in the working environment.

Impact on Noise Levels

The main noise generating sources will be Compressors and DG set. The reference noise

levels at these sources vary in the range of 65-80 dB (A). The noise levels from the plant

units has been computed based on the mathematical model as described below.

Mathematical Model for Sound Wave Propagation during Operation

For an approximate estimation of noise levels in the ambient environment from the

source point, a standard mathematical model for sound wave propagation is used. The

sound pressure level generated by noise sources decreases with increasing distance

from the source due to wave divergence. An additional decrease in sound pressure

level with distance from the source is expected due to atmospheric effect or its

interaction with objects in the transmission path.

For hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogenous loss free medium,

one can estimate noise levels at various locations, due to different sources using

model based on first principles, as per the following equation:

1

212 log20

r

rLL pp (i)

Where Lp2 and Lp1 are Sound Pressure Levels (SPLs) at points located at distances r2 and

r1 from the source. The combined effect of all the sources then can be determined at

various locations by the following equation.

.........101010log10)10/()10/()10/(

)(321 ppp LLL

totalpL (ii)

Where, Lp1, Lp2, Lp3 are noise pressure levels at a point due to different sources.






Based on the above equations a user-friendly model has been developed. The details of

the model are as follows:

i. Maximum number of sources is limited to 200;

ii. Noise levels can be predicted at any distance specified from the source;

iii. Model is designed to for flat terrain;

iv. Co-ordinates of the sources in meters;

v. Maximum and Minimum levels are calculated by the model;

vi. Output of the model in the form of isopleths;

vii. Environmental attenuation factors and machine corrections have not been

incorporated in the model but corrections are made for the measured Leq levels.

The major noise generating sources from the proposed plant are listed in Table- 4.10.

These are considered as input to the noise model.

Table-4.10 Noise Generating Sources in Plant

S.No. Sources Maximum Noise Levels dB (A)

1. Compressor 75-80

2. Operation of Equipments 70-75

3. DG set 65-70

4. CPP 80-85

Presentation of Results

The model results are discussed below and are represented through contours in

Figure-4.8.

Prediction of Impacts

The predicted incremental noise levels at the boundary of the plant are in the range 30

to 32 dB (A).

Impact on Work Environment (Inside the Plant)

The equipments with significant continuous noise levels are turbine unit, Cooling

tower, air compressor, transformers and boilers. The incremental noise levels inside

the plant will vary between 65-85 dB (A) near source to 30-32 dB (A) near plant

boundary. Based on the noise levels recorded during baseline study, the resultant






noise levels inside the plant will vary between 50.18-85.001 dB (A), as given in

Table 4.11.

Table-4.11 Noise Baseline and Incremental Data

S.No. Location Baseline

dB (A)

Maximum

Incremental

dB (A)

Minimum

Incremental

dB (A)

Max.

Resultant

dB (A)

Min.

Resultant

dB (A)

1 Near Source 50.14 85 65 85.001 65.14

2 Plant

Boundary

50.14 32 30 50.2 50.18

Inside the plant, the major increase in the noise levels will be near high noise

producing equipment which will reduce significantly as the distance to source is

increased. It is expected that the impacts on the working personnel will not be

significant on account of the high level of automation of these plant equipment, which

mean that workers will be exposed for short duration only that too intermittently. In

addition to that, ear plugs wearing will be made as compulsory personnel protective

equipment for all employees and visitors.

Impact on Community Noise Levels (Outside the Plant)

The predicted resultant noise levels found near plant boundary vary between 50.18 to

50.20 dB (A), which is dependent on the baseline noise level and the predicted

incremental noise level. It is expected that as the distance is further increased, the

impact of noise due to operation of proposed plant will deteriorate to negligible levels

based on energy loss during sound propagation. Hence, it can be safely concluded

that there will be insignificant change in community noise levels outside the plant.

Noise Mitigation Measures

i. Noise level can be reduced by stopping leakages from various steam lines,

compressed air lines and other high pressure equipment. The noise produced in

valves and piping associated with equipment handling compressible and

incompressible fluids will be attenuated to 75 dB(A) at a distance of 1.0 m from

the source by the use of low noise trims, acoustic lagging (insulation), thick-walled






pipe work as and where necessary to comply with CPCB noise standards for

industrial zones.

ii. All pipes and valves downstream of pressure control valve (including pressure

control valve) will be one schedule higher than needed by pressure considerations

to attenuate the noise.

iii. By providing padding at various locations to avoid rattling due to vibration;

iv. Providing noise proof cabins to operators where remote control for operating noise

generating equipment is feasible;

v. The air compressor, process air blower, pneumatic valves would be provided with

acoustic enclosure;

vi. In all the design/installation precautions are taken as specified by the

manufacturers with respect to noise control will be strictly adhered to;

vii. High noise generating sources will be insulated adequately by providing suitable

enclosures;

viii. Design and layout of building to minimize transmission of noise, segregation of

particular items of plant and to avoid reverberant areas;

ix. Use of lagging with attenuation properties on plant components / installation of

sound attenuation panels around the equipment;

x. The noise control system will be designed to form an integral part of the plant;

xi. Other than the regular maintenance of the various equipment, ear plugs/muffs are

recommended for the personnel working close to the noise generating units;

xii. All the openings like covers, partitions will be designed properly;






Figure 4.5 : Noise Dispersion Contour

-1000.00 -800.00 -600.00 -400.00 -200.00 0.00 200.00 400.00 600.00 800.00 1000.00

-1000.00 -800.00 -600.00 -400.00 -200.00 0.00 200.00 400.00 600.00 800.00 1000.00

-1000.00

-800.00

-600.00

-400.00

-200.00

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1000.00

-1000.00

-800.00

-600.00

-400.00

-200.00

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1000.00

Distance in meter

35.00






4.2.6 Impact on Soil Environment

There is no discharge of waste water onto land. The solid wastes will be

segregated according to their properties, packed, transported and stored in a separate

impervious storage area demarcated for them. They will then be disposed off

according to the requirements of statutory authorities. Hence implementation of

project will not have any major effect on the soil environment.

Mitigation

No toxic /waste water will be disposed directly on land;

Vegetation will be done on uncovered soil.

4.2.7 Impact on Biological Environment

Major Impact on Ecological Environment

1. Fugitive emission from vehicle movement will form a layer in leaves thus reducing the

gaseous exchange process. This ultimately affects the growth of plants.

2. The Indian peafowl movement is very common in the area; the noise from vehicular

transportation will hinder the same. Conservation Plan for the same has been prepared

and is given in Chapter 7.

3. The wastewater generated from distillery unit will impose the negative impact on current

ecological status.

Proposed Mitigation Measures

1. Transportation will be minimise in the morning and evening and cannot be done in night.

2. The green belt will be encouraged to mitigate the noise level in the premises. Plantation

will be carried out in the premises (33%) and on approach roads as community forestry.

The conservation plan will be implemented to conserve the peafowl in the area.

3. The proposed unit is ZLD. The waste water will be treated in ETP and then sent to MEE,

the solid waste will be sent to TSDF for incineration.

4.2.8 Impact on Socio-Economic Environment

The proposed project will generate the employment to local people. Thus, the said

project will not have any significant impact on Socio-economic pattern of the

surrounding region. The project will also generate indirect employment opportunities,

which will contribute to social upliftment of the people in surrounding area.






4.2.9 Impact on Land Environment

The required plant and machinery for the full production capacity will be installed.

84326.4 m2

new land will be used for the proposed project, which is industrial

land and already purchased.

Thus, no adverse impact is likely to be generated on the land environment and

general aesthetics of the area.

4.2.10 Impact on Hydrogeology

Water will be supplied through municipal supply. Hence, no adverse impact on

hydrogeology.

4.2.11 Risk Assessment

Detailed risk assessment study is given in Chapter 7.

4.2.12 Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Management

About 220 KLD sludge and 1.0 KL per year used oil will be generated from the

plant.

About 24700 TPA biomass will be used as a fuel. About 123 TPA ash will be

generated from boiler. Bottom ash will be 25 TPA and flyash will be 98 TPA.

Mitigation Measure:

Solid waste and Hazardous waste will be store separately. Hazardous waste will

be send to TSDF site.

Bottom ash will be used for filling of low laying area and fly ash will be send to

bricks manufacturers.

4.2.13 Cultural Environment

The workers working in the industry are of different culture and religion. The

interaction and intermingling of all these people will improve the understanding of

various cultures. This will definitely improve and strengthen friendliness, brotherhood

and unity among them.

4.2.14 Indirect Impacts

Impacts on Public Health and Safety






The discharge of waste materials (stack emission, wastewater and solid wastes), from

process operations can have potential impact on public safety and health. The impact due

to the emission from the proposed plant will be insignificant as the mitigation measures

delineated in EMP are strictly followed. The public health and safety is dependent on the

effective implementation of control measures suggested for pollution control.

4.2.14.2 Management of Public Interests

Based on the analysis of the socio-economic profile of the study area along with the

prediction and evaluation of likely impacts arising out of the proposed activity, it has

been possible to prepare a feasible environmental management plan. It is felt that this

would help in minimizing the adverse impacts on the socio-economic environment to a

considerable extent, while at the same time addressing to large extent the aspirations of

the community. For the recruitment of semi-skilled and un-skilled workers particularly

during construction, preference will be given to the local people.

The project proponent is equally conscious for socio-economic development and is

committed to raise quality of life and social well being of communities where it operates.

Its CSR initiatives have been prioritized on local needs, which focus on Health,

Education, Sustainable Livelihood, Social Mobilization, Infrastructure Development,

Water Harvesting, Agriculture, and Environment Conservation.

4.3 Summary


activities each of which will have an impact on some or other environmental

parameters.

Construction Phase:





marginal and for short term only. The green belt development will have positive

impacts. The impact on land use will be long term and permanent but will be on a

smaller scale. Construction of plant will lead to permanent change in land use pattern at






the site as a direct impact. The excavation material should be dumped in low lying

areas so as to reduce visual impact. Impacts of construction activities on air quality are

cause for concern mainly in the dry months due to dust particles generated from

leveling, grading, earthworks, and other construction related activities. The dust

generated is in the range of 2500-3000 µg/m3. By adopting mitigation measures the

emission level will be brought down and PM10 will be minimized below 100 µg/m3.

Effluents from the construction area mainly contain suspended solids while the sanitary

waste from the labour colonies contains suspended matter. Adequate arrangements for

proper drainage and disposal of wastewater and routing of the effluents from

construction area through sedimentation basins and provision of proper sanitary

facilities with treatment will eliminate these problems of water pollution. Moreover,

these impacts will be temporary in nature. The major sources of noise during the

construction phase are vehicular traffic, construction equipment like dozers, scrapers,

concrete mixers, cranes, generators, pumps, compressors, rock drills, pneumatic tools,

vibrators etc. The operation of these equipments will generate noise ranging between

70-90 dB (A). Mandatory use of personal protective equipment like ear plugs will be

ensured to mitigate any significant impact of such equipment on personnel operating

the machinery. During construction phase of the proposed project, labors will be

required and this requirement will meet from surrounding area. Hence, positive impact

will be on Socio economic environment.

Operation Phase


production starts. The primary impacts causing likely deterioration will be in Air,

Water, Noise and Land / Soil due to the gaseous emissions, vehicular movement, and

discharge of liquid effluent. During transportation of raw material finished product

there will be generation of dust emission from the road. In order to control the emission

level of 1500-2000 mg/m3 the ESP of (99.8%) will be installed which will be bring

down the emission level within permissible limit of 50 mg/m3. Total except for the

major and most harmful effluent (spent wash) from the analyzer column and fermenter






sludge, other effluents are quite small and do not need any specific treatment. Spent

wash will be concentrated in MEE (Multiple Effect Evaporator), then the semisolid

waste from MEE (Multiple Effect Evaporator) will be sent in specially designed boiler

for incineration. Annually about 13111.16 m3 water will be conserved by rain water

harvesting system and will be discharge in ground water through recharge pit. The

predicted resultant noise levels found near plant boundary vary between 50.18 to 50.20

dB (A), which is dependent on the baseline noise level and the predicted incremental

noise level. Noise level can be reduced by stopping leakages from various steam lines,

compressed air lines and other high pressure equipment. There is no discharge of

waste water onto land. The solid wastes will be segregated according to their

properties, packed, transported and stored in a separate impervious storage area

demarcated for them. The proposed project will generate the employment to local

people. Solid waste and Hazardous waste will be store separately. Hazardous waste will

be send to TSDF site.

It has been concluded that the proposed project has no major adverse impact on

surrounding environment.


(60 KLPD Ethanol Plant and 3 MW Co-Generation Power Plant)



Document no. 2014 VI_10043 130

Chapter -5

Analysis of Alternative Site 5.1 Introduction

Proposed project site has been selected on the basis of following selection criteria:

i. There is no human settlement in 500 m radius.

ii. Easy availability of raw material due to Existing Sugar Mill and nearby Sugar mill.

iii. Location in rural area ensures adequate availability of manpower at marginally lower

rates, compared to metro cities of India.

iv. There is no National Park, Biosphere Reserves, Tiger Reserves, Reserved / Protected

Forests within 10 Km radius of study area.

v. There is no water body within core zone.

vi. Nearness to NH-1 and SH -7 makes it easier to transport raw materials & final

product at market.

Thus, no alternate site has been proposed for our 60 KLD capacity molasses based ethanol

plant having 3.0 MW Captive Power Plant at Village-Jandheri, Tehsil-Shahabad, Dist.-

Kurukshetra, Haryana.






Chapter -6

Environmental Monitoring Programme

6.0 Introduction

Environmental Monitoring is an essential tool for sustainable development and ensuring

effective most implementation and monitoring of Environmental management plan and

mitigation measures. It is also very essential to keep updating the environmental

management system for effective conservation of environment along with ongoing

project activities/operation. The environment monitoring plan enables environmental

management system with early sign of need for additional action and modification

of ongoing actions for environment management, improvement and conservation.

It provides exact idea for mitigation measures to be implemented as it is linked

with actual distraction of environmental quality due to the project activities. Hence,

monitoring of critical parameters of environmental quality is very essential in the routine

activity schedule of project operation. An Environmental Monitoring Programme will

be scheduled for the following major objectives:

a. Assessment of the changes in environmental conditions, if any, during the

project operation/activities.

b. Monitoring and tracking the effectiveness of Environment Management

Plan and implementation of mitigation measures planned.

c. Identification of any significant adverse transformation in environmental condition to

Plan additional mitigation measures

6.1 Post Project Monitoring Locations and Components

The environmental monitoring points will be decided considering the environmental

impacts likely to occur due to the operation of proposed project as the main scope of

monitoring program is to track, timely and regularly, the change in environmental

conditions and to take timely action for protection of environment. The monitoring

points/location and components of significance shall be as per Table 6.1.






Table 6.1 Parameters and Frequency for Post Project Environmental Monitoring

Sr. No Particular

Parameters Monitoring Locations Frequency

1. Ambient Air

quality

PM10,PM2.5, SO2, NOx,

CO, Hydrocarbon

(Methane and Non-

Methane)

Ambient Air Quality

at minimum 6

locations within the

plant premises

having 1 location in

the upwind and 2

location in

downwind direction

At Source of

emission (Stacks)

from Sampling

Port/D.G. Sets

Process emission in

workplace

area/plants (for each

area/plant minimum

2 locations and 1

location outside

plant area near vent)

Once in a Month

2. Stationary

Emission

from Stack

PM, SO2, NOX

3. Process

emission

Fugitive gaseous

pollutant expected.

4. Water and

Wastewater

pH, Temperature, EC,

Turbidity, Total

Dissolved Solids,

Calcium, magnesium,

Total hardness, Total

Alkalinity, Chlorides,

Sulphates, Nitrates, DO,

COD, BOD, oil and

Grease, Metals expected

in effluent.

Water quality of the

area was studied at

minimum 6 location

for each Ground as

well as Surface

water

Wastewater from all

sources.

Wastewater at

different stages of

Effluent treatment

Process.

Monthly

5. Treated

Sewage /

Effluent

pH, BOD, COD, TSS,

TDS, oil and Grease,

Metals expected in

effluent.

6. Noise Equivalent noise level-

dB (A) At all source and

outside the Plant

area.

At least 5 points

near/around the plant

Boundary.

Monthly

7. Soil, Solid

wastes and

Manure /

pH, Humidity, Texture,

Organic matter, N, P, K,

Sulphate, Calcium,

At least two

locations from area

near Solid/

Quarterly






Sr. No Particular

Parameters Monitoring Locations Frequency

Compost Magnesium, C:N ratio. hazardous waste

storage/ Dumping

Area.

At least five

locations from

Greenbelt and area

where manure of

biological waste is

applied.

8. Greenbelt Number of plantation

(Units), Number of

Survived plants/ trees,

Number of poor plants/

Trees

Greenbelt Area at

Boundary and Garden

Ongoing- round

the year

9. Environmenta

l Audit

As per Direction of

ISO: 14001

Once in a Year

10. Risk

Assessment

PPEs, Safety committee

meeting, Audits Heath

Checkup, Training

Monthly and

quarterly

6.2 Monitoring Methodologies

Monitoring of environmental samples will be done as per the guidelines provided by

MoEF&CC/CPCB/HSPCB. The method followed shall be recommended / standard

method approved / recommended by MoEF&CC and CPCB.

6.3 Reporting and Documentation

The records of the monitoring program shall be kept on regular basis for all aspects of

the monitoring. Separate records for water, wastewater, solid wastes, air emission, soil

and manure / compost shall be prepared and preserved regularly.

Immediately upon the completion of monitoring as per the planned schedule, report shall

be prepared and necessary documents shall be forwarded to the concerned person.

Methodology of monitoring (sampling and analysis) shall be prepared as separate

documents as SOP (standard Operating Procedure) wherever required.

The records showing results / outcome of the monitoring programs shall be prepared as

per the requirement of the schedule mentioned above.

Regularly, these documents and records shall be reviewed for necessary improvement

of the monitoring plan / mitigation measures / environmental technologies as well as for






necessary actions of Environmental Management Cell.

6.4 Environmental Management Cell

Apart from having an EMP, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up

charged with the task of proposed plant will create a department consisting of officers from

various disciplines to co–ordinate the activities concerned with the management and

implementation of the environmental control measures.

a. Basically this department will undertake to monitor the environmental pollution

levels by measuring stack emissions, ambient air quality, water and effluent quality,

noise level etc. either departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever

necessary.

b. In case the monitored results of environmental pollution are found exceeding the

allowable values, the environmental management cell will suggest remedial action

and get these suggestions implemented through the concerned plant authorities. The

actual operation and maintenance of pollution control equipment of each unit will be

under the respective plant managers.

c. The Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will handle of all the related activities

such as collection of statistics of health of workers and population of the region,

afforestation and green belt development.

Responsibilities of EMC:

The responsibilities of the EMC include the following:

i. Ambient air quality monitoring in core as well as in buffer zone.

ii. Statistical interpretation of monitoring results and up-gradation in air pollution

control measures accordingly.

iii. Submission of monitoring results to the regulatory authorities on regular basis.

iv. Specification and regulation of maintenance schedules for pollution control

equipment.

v. Developing the green belt.

vi. Proper implementation of the Environmental Management Plan.

vii. Organizing meetings of the Environmental Management Committee and

reporting to the management.






Figure 6.1 : Environmental Management Cell

6.5 Summary

For the proposed project post monitoring program has been prepared. Sampling stations

will be selected on the basis of CPCB guidelines. Monitoring of environmental samples

shall be done as per the guidelines provided by MoEF&CC, CPCB and HSPCB. The

method followed shall be recommended / standard method approved / recommended by

MoEF&CC and CPCB.

An environment management cell will be formed. Adequate fund will be allocated for

Environmental Protection Measures and CSR Activities.

Director

General Manager

Officer- EHS

Chemist

ETP Operator






Chapter -7

Additional Studies 7.1 Public Consultation

The public consultation was conducted by Haryana State Pollution Control Board,

Panchkula on 19th

May 2015, 11 A.M. at Village Jandheri, Tehsil Shahabad, District

Kurukshetra (Haryana). Details of public hearing are given below:

7.1.1 Public Hearing Advertisement

The Public consultation advertisement has been published in Dainik Jagran Newspaper

on dated 17th

April, 2015.






7.1.2 Photographs of Public Hearing






7.1.3 Minutes of Public Hearing






Table 7.1 Action Plan of the issues raised during Public Hearing and reply given by Project

Proponent

S. No. Detail of

Villagers

Question

Raised

Reply given

by PP/

Consultant

Action Plan

1. Sh. Ram

Kumar,

Village

Khrindwa

The Local

residents are

happy and

has no doubt

from this

plant and

plant may be

installed as

soon as

possible

-- Plant will be in operation after getting EC.

2. Sh. Karnail

Singh,

Ramgarh

Plant may be

installed as

soon as

possible so

that the

employment

may be

provided and

it will be

beneficial to

villagers and

will become

a source of

income

-- Salary structure for M/s Shahabad Co-Operative

Sugar Mill will be as per Government Policy.

Also workers from nearby villages will be given

preference.






3. Sh. Satpal

Rana,

Village

Phillor

What will be

the

provisions

for the

controlling

of Air

Pollution

and ash

handling

Sh. S.K.

Sharma,

consultant

replied and

informed that

ESP (Electro

Static

Precipitator)

will be

installed as Air

pollution

control devices

on the boiler

and online

monitoring

system will

also be

installed and

the data will be

transferred to

the server of

HSPCB/CPCB.

The ash which

will be

generated from

the boiler has

17 % potash

and that can be

used as a

manure. This

ash will be sold

out in packings

and given to

farmers on

subsidized rate

Mitigation Measures during construction phase

Sprinkler will be installed along the haul and

kuccha road.

The wetting of Kuccha road will be done by

water tankers regularly.

Green belt will be developed along the project

boundary, haul road and inside the plant roads.

The PUC (Pollution under control) will be

checked at the entrance.

The vehicles will passed through the water so

that dust attached with tyres will be washed.

The material brought in trucks will be covered

properly with plastic sheets.

The sand/cement stored at the site will also be

covered with plastic sheet.

The temporary wall will be created along

boundary of the project site so that effect of

wind and generation of dust be minimized.

By adopting the above mitigation measures the

emission level will be brought down and PM10

will be minimized below 100 µg/m3.

Mitigation Measures during operation phase

To control the emission from attached to the

boiler will be designed as under:

Stack Height -37m

Stack Diameter – 1m

Flow Rate – 8.11 Nm3/sec,

- C

Exit Velocity -15 m/sec

In addition to above and to control the

emission level of 1500-2000 mg/m3 the ESP

of (efficiency - 99.8%) will be installed which

will be bring down the emission level within

permissible limit of 50 mg/m3.

To control the dust emission from transfer of

truck/tanker/vehicle from raw material and

products the roads will be asphalted

Water sprinkling will be done on the road

By adopting these mitigation measure, the

ambient air quality will come down within

limits i.e. PM10 <100 µg/m3, PM2.5 <60 ug/m

3.

For Acoustic D. G. Sets, stack height of 8 m

above the roof level will be maintained as per

CPCB guidelines.

The ambient air monitoring will be carried out

regularly in the work zone and surrounding

Shri Nirmal

Kashyap,

R.O.

informed that

as per the

directions of

CPCB, the

distillery unit/

sugar mills has

to install online

monitoring

system so that

the data






regarding the

pollution level

can be viewed

easily. The

sugar mill has

already given

tender for

online

monitoring

system. The

project

proponent has

provided a cost

of Rs. 2 Crores

for installation

of air pollution

control devices

to control air

pollution

areas, which shows that ambient air levels of

the contaminants, are well below the

stipulated norms.

Around 33% area will be developed as green

belt around the periphery and within premises

will be developed which will help in

attenuating the pollutants emitted by the plant.

Online Air monitoring system for stack

emission (for Particulate Matter) will be

installed and transmission of online data to

Haryana State Pollution Control Board and

CPCB will be done.

4. Sh.

Ghanshyam,

Village

Talheri

Proposed

project may

be installed

as soon as

possible so

that farmers

from nearby

area get the

benefits

-- Salary structure for M/s Shahabad Co-Operative

Sugar Mill will be as per Government Policy.

Also workers from nearby villages will be given

preference.

The ash which will be generated from the boiler

has 17 % potash and that can be used as a manure.

This ash will be sold out in packings and given to

farmers on subsidized rate.

5. Sh. Jasbir,

Village

Hamidpur

What will be

the policy

regarding the

employment

or others and

what will be

the

provisions

for the sale

of ash

Sh. Niram

Kashyap,

R.O. requested

to M.D.

Shahabad

Sugar mill for

reply-

Sh. Devinder

Kaushik, HCS

M.D.

(Shahabad

Sugar Mill)

replied that

there is no

fixed policy

regarding the

employment of

nearby

residents. The

Regarding Recruitment : Policy made by

Government of India will be followed:

Our salary structure for our employees should not

be less than minimum wages of Haryana.

We will employee skilled workers from nearby

villages

Sale of Ash: The ash which will be generated

from the boiler has 17 % potash and that can be

used as a manure. This ash will be sold out in

packings and given to farmers on subsidized rate






policy made by

the

Government

will be

implemented

and the

management

board will

decide about

the provisions

for sale of ash.

6. Sh. Nirmal

Kashyap,

R.O.

He asked

how many

villagers

desired to

establish this

project.

Villagers

replied that

they all want

this project

i. The implementation of this project will

generate both direct and indirect

employment.

ii. The project will also provide impetus to

industrialization of the area and would be

boom for the district as it will not only result

in employment opportunity but also

infrastructure development and overall

growth of the area.

7. Conclusion The public hearing held smoothly and ended with a vote of thanks to the chairperson

as well as to all villagers.

7.2 Risk Assessment

Ethanol Plant is associated with potential hazards that effect to the employee and

environment. It would normally require the assistance of emergency services to handle it

effectively. The operation shall be taken out under the well management and control by the

qualified safety manager.

Disaster management plan has to be formulated with an aim of taking precautionary steps

to avert disasters and also to take such action after the disaster which limits the damage to

the minimum.

Activities requiring assessment of risk due to occurrence of most probable instances of

hazard and accident are both onsite and off-site.

On-site

i.Exposure to fugitive dust, noise, and other emissions

ii.Housekeeping practices requiring contact with solid and liquid wastes

iii.Emission/spillage etc. from storage and handling

Off-site

i.Exposure to pollutants released from offsite/ storage/related activities






ii.Contamination due to accidental releases or normal release in combination with

natural hazard

iii.Deposition of toxic pollutants in vegetation / other sinks and possible sudden releases

due to accidental occurrences

7.2.1 Risk Analysis Methodologies

Risk assessment often requires the synthesis of risk profiles, which represent the

probability distribution of total annual loss due to a certain set of events or activities.

These assessments usually involve estimation of losses for several sub-classifications of

the overall process and synthesis of the results into an aggregate risk profile.

Main risk assessment technologies are:

a) Hazard and operability study (HAZOP),

b) Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)

7.2.2 HAZOP Study

The HAZOP study is a systematic technique of identifying hazards of operability problems

of a process and lists all possible deviations from normal operating condition and how they

might occur. The consequences of the process are assessed and the means available to

detect and correct the deviations are examined. Thus, within the entire process all

“cr d bl ” d v on h could l d o h z rdou v n or o rability problems are

identified.

7.2.3 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)

FTA is primarily a means of analyzing non-identifiable hazards. Hazards of top events (the

ultimate happening that is to be avoided) are first identified by other techniques such as

HAZOP. Then all combinations of individual failures that can lead to that hazardous event

show the logical format of the fault tree. Estimating the individual probabilities and then

using the appropriate arithmetical expressions can calculate the top event frequency.

7.3 Disaster Management Plan

7.3.1 Definition

A major emergency in an activity/project is one which has the potential to cause serious

injury or loss of life. It may cause extensive damage to property and serious disruption

both inside and outside the activity/project. It would normally require the assistance of

emergency services to handle it effectively.






7.3.2 Scope

An important element of mitigation is emergency planning, i.e. identifying accident

possibility, assessing the consequences of such accidents and deciding on the emergency

procedures, both on site and off site that would need to be implemented in the event of an

emergency.

Emergency planning is just one aspect of safety and cannot be considered in isolation from

the proposed 60 KLD capacity molasses based ethanol unit and hence before starting to

prepare the plan, works management will ensure that the necessary standards, appropriate

to safety legislation, are in place.

7.3.3 Objective

The overall objectives of the emergency plan will be:

To localize the emergency and, eliminate it; and

To minimize the effects of the accident on people and property.

Elimination will require prompt action by operations and works emergency staff using, for

example, fire–fighting equipment, water sprays etc.

Minimizing the effects may include rescue, first aid, evacuation, rehabilitation and giving

information promptly to people living nearby.

7.3.4 Identification of Hazards

The following types of hazards may be identified at Shahabad Ethanol plant.

Fire in Electric Panels, Oil room and alcohol storage.

Waste treatment processes.

Cleaning of barrels, which have held chemical substances.

To deal the above emergencies, the Emergency Plan is prepared.

7.3.5 Safety Measures for Storage and Handling of Alcohol

The alcohol will be directly fed to the bottling unit mechanically and no manual handling

will be involved which will reduce the risk of spillage in the storage area. Following

precautionary measures would be taken for safety

Handling and Storage; Keeping away from heat, sparks and open flame, care will be

taken for avoidance of spillage, skin and eye contact, well ventilation, Use of approved

respirator if air contamination is above acceptable level will be promoted. For Storage

and handling following precautions will be taken:






Keeping away from oxidizers, heat and flames.

Avoidance of plastics, rubber and coatings in the storage area.

Cool, dry, and ventilated storage and closed containers.

Grounding of the container and transferring of equipment to eliminate static electric

sparks.

In case of any emergency following measures would be taken:

First Aid Measures: For Skin contact, Eye contact, and Inhalation.

Fire Fighting Measures:

Use of extinguishing media surrounding the fire as water, dry chemicals (BC or ABC

powder), CO, Sand, dolomite, etc

Foam System for fire fighting will be provided to control fire from the alcohol storage

tank. The foam thus produced will suppress fire by separating the fuel from the air

(oxygen), and hence avoiding the fire and explosion to occur in the tank. Foam would

blanket the fuel surface smothering the fire. The fuel will also be cooled by the water

content of the foam.

The foam blanket suppresses the release of flammable vapors that can mix with the

air.

Special Fire Fighting Procedures; Keeping the fire upwind. Shutting down of all

possible sources of ignition, keeping of run-off water out of sewers and water

sources. Avoidance of water in straight hose stream which will scatter and spread fire.

Use of spray or fog nozzles will be promoted, cool containers will be exposed to

flames with water from the side until well after the fire is out.

Hazardous Decomposition Products: gases of Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Carbon

Dioxide (CO2).

Accidental Release Measures; For Spill Cleanup well Ventilation, Shutting off or

removal of all possible sources of ignition, absorbance of small quantities with paper

towels and evaporate in safe place like fume hood and burning of these towels in a safe

manner), Use of respiratory and/or liquid-contact protection by the Clean-up personnel

will be promoted.






7.4 Emergency Planning

7.4.1 General

Disaster Management Plan for an industrial unit is necessarily a combination of various

actions which are to be taken in a very short time but in a present sequence to deal

effectively and efficiently with any disaster, emergency or major accident with an aim to

keep the loss of men, material, plant/machinery etc. to the minimum.

The main functions of the Disaster Management Cell are to prepare a detailed Disaster

Management Plan, which includes:

Identification of various types of expected disaster depending upon the type of the

industrial unit.

Identification of various groups, agencies, departments etc. necessary for dealing with a

specific disaster effectively.

Preparation – by intensive training of relevant teams/groups within the organization to

deal with a specific disaster and keep them in readiness.

Establishment of an early detection system for the disaster.

Development of a reliable instant information/communication system.

Organization and mobilization of all the concerned departments/ organizations / groups

and agencies instantly when needed.

A major disaster that can be expected due to fire in this proposed distillery.

7.4.2 Emergency Planning for Disaster due to Fire

Cable rooms, transformer, unit, auxiliary transformers, oil tanks, etc. within the plant are

the likely areas for which disaster management plan is to be made to deal with any

eventuality of fire. Stores, workshop, canteen and administrative building will be included.

7.4.2.1 Classification of Fire

Class (A)

Fire involving combustible materials like wood, paper, cloth etc.

Class (B)

Fire due to liquid materials like oil, diesel, petroleum products and all inflammables.

Class (C)

Fires involving domestic and industrial gases like butane and propane etc.






Class (D)

Metal fires etc.

Class (E)

Electrical fires due to short circuiting etc.

7.4.3 Need of Establishing a Fire Fighting Group

A small spark of fire may result into loss of machines and the damage by fire may high

economic losses. This type of losses can be avoided by preventing and controlling the fire

instantly for which fire–fighting group will be established.

Establish which would house and keep in readiness, the following types of equipment and

arrangements.

CO2 extinguishers

Dry powder chemical extinguishers

Foam extinguishers

80 mm. spray hoses

Fire brigade

Fire hydrant

Protocol (chemical to combat oil fires).

In order to avoid fire in cable galleries, all the power and control cables of FRLS type (Fire

Resistant Low Smoke) will be used.

7.4.4 Inspection

Fire alarm panel (electrical) will cover the entire plant. The inspection group will

periodically inspect fire extinguishers in fire stations and machines and other places.

The groups will display emergency telephone number boards at vital points.

The group will regularly carry out general inspection for fire.

7.4.5 Procedure for Extinguishing Fire

The following steps will be taken during a fire accident in the system:

As soon as the message is received about fire, one of the systems will be diverted to the

place of the fire accident along with a staff member.

Simultaneously plant fire station will be informed by phone walkie for fire brigades and

fire stations of nearby area.






In the meanwhile, the pipe system will be operated to obtain maximum pressure on output.

In case cables are within the reach of fire, power supply will be tripped and the cables

shifted.

7.4.6 Fire Fighting with Water

Adequate and reliable arrangement is required for fighting the fire with water such as:

1. Provision for Fire brigade and Fire hydrant.

2. Arrangement of pipelines along and around all vulnerable areas.

3. Provision of valves at appropriate points to enable supply of water at the required

place/area or divert the same to another direction/pipe line.

4. Provision of overhead tanks which will be providing with the water during power

failure and it would work by the gravitational force.

7.4.7 Sources of Water for Fire Fighting

The following two sources of water have been considered for firefighting:

Overhead Tank

Raw Water Reservoir

7.4.8 Fire Fighting with Fire Extinguishers

To deal with fire – other than carbonaceous fires, which can be deal with by water –

suitable fire extinguishers are required to do the job effectively. It is therefore, necessary to

keep adequate number of extinguishers in readiness at easily approachable places.

Adequate number of fire stations would be:

Further, other spray groups from the system will be diverted to the spot.

In case of fire in the belt, belt will be cut near the burning portion to save the

remaining parts.

After extinguishing the fire, the area will be well prepared for reuse.

Foam System for firefighting will be provided to control fire from the alcohol storage

tank. The foam thus produced will suppress fire by separating the fuel from the air

(oxygen), and hence avoiding the fire and explosion to occur in the tank. Foam would

blanket the fuel surface smothering the fire. The fuel will also be cooled by the water

content of the foam.

The foam blanket suppresses the release of flammable vapors that can mix with the

air.






7.5 On–Site Emergency Plan

7.5.1 Introduction

The views of the possible hazards that can arise out of the daily operations in the distillery

plant, various measures are adopted to prevent the occurrence of a major accident. This

comprises of:

Built in safety measures, alarms, trips and interlocks etc.

Standard safe operating and maintenance procedures permit system etc.

Training of all the involved staff in normal and emergency operating procedures.

Training of all employees in safety, fire fighting and first aid.

However, in spite of these precautions, it is required to foresee situation of major

accident and plan for taking timely action to minimize the effects of such incident on

the safety and health of persons working in the plant as well as those living around

the premises.

7.6 Preparation of Plan

7.6.1 Alarm System

A siren shall be provided under the control of Security office in the plant premises to give

warning. In case of emergencies this will be used on the instructions to shift in charge that

is positioned round the clock. The warning signal for emergency shall be as follows:

– Emergency Siren: Waxing and waning sound for 3 minutes.

– All clear signal: Continuous siren for one minute.

7.6.2 Communication

Walkies and Talkies are located at strategic locations; internal telephone system EPBX

with external P and T telephones would be provided.

7.6.3 Fire Protection System

7.6.3.1 Fire Fighting System

The fire protection system for the unit is to provide for early detection, alarm, containment

and suppression of fires. The fire detection and protection system has been planned to meet

the above objective an all–statutory and insurance requirement of Tariff Advisory

Committee (TAC) of India. The complete fire protection system will comprise of the

following.

(a)Fire brigade






Automatic / manual fire detection and alarm system

(b)Fire Hydrant

Fire hydrant will be provided at all around in the plant as per TAC Norms.

(c)Portable fire extinguishers

Various areas of the plant will have one or more of the above system depending upon the

particular nature of risk involved in that area.

(d)Portable Chemical Fire Extinguishers

These are intended as a first line of defense, and hence will be stationed at strategic

locations in different buildings and also for outdoor facilities. Portable fire extinguishers

will be foam type; carbon dioxide type and multipurpose dry chemical (MPDC) type.

(e)Fire Detection and Alarm System

Fire detection and alarm system an effective means of detection, visual indication of fire

location and audible alarm of any fire at its incipient stage. This system will comprise fire

alarm panels, automatic fire detectors, manual call points and fire siren (hooter).

The main fire alarm panel will provide both visual and audible alarm of fire in any

protected areas of the plant.

Manual break glass type fire alarms will be provided at strategic locations where high

hazards exits.

Automatic fire detectors will be provided for coal handling areas and in plant areas such as

control rooms, switchgear rooms, cable galleries etc.

7.6.4 First Aid

A first aid centre with adequate facilities shall be provided. It shall be maintained round the

clock by a compounder cum dresser and a doctor. An Ambulance shall also be provided at

site to carry affected people to hospital.

7.6.5 Security

The security requirements of the company premises shall be taken care of by CSO assisted

by a Fire In charge. The team, apart from the normal security functions will manage the

role required during a disaster management operation as a part of the crisis control team.

7.6.6 Safety

The safety wing led by a Safety Manager will meet the requirement of emergencies round

the clock. The required safety appliances shall be distributed at different locations of the






plant to meet any eventualities. Poster/placards reflecting safety awareness will be placed

at different locations in the plant area.

7.6.7 Evacuation Procedure

As the major hazard is only due to fire, which has more or less localized impact no mass

evacuation, procedures are required. Evacuation would involve only the people working

very close to the fire area.

7.6.8 Emergency Control Center

Provision is made to establish an Emergency Control Centre (ECC) from which emergency

operations are directed and coordinated. This centre is activated as soon as on–site

emergency is declared.

The ECC consists of one room, located in an area that offers minimal risk being directly

exposed to possible accidents.

During an emergency, the Emergency Management Staff, including the site controller will

gather in the ECC. Therefore, the ECC is equipped with adequate communication systems

in the form of telephones and other equipments to allow unhampered organisations and

other nearby facility personnel.

The ECC provides shelter to its occupants against the most common accidents; in addition,

the ECC’s communication systems are protected from possible shutdown. The ECC has its

own emergency lighting arrangement and electric communication systems operation.

Only a limited and prearranged number of people are admitted to the ECC, when in use.

This eliminates unnecessary interference and reduces confusion.

The ECC is always ready for operation and provided with the equipment and supplies

necessary during the emergency such as:

– Updated copies of the On–site Disaster Management Plan.

– Emergency telephone numbers.

– The names, phone number, and address of external agencies, response organizations

and neighbouring facilities.

– The adequate number of telephone (more than two).

– Emergency lights, Clocks, Personal protective equipment.

– List of fire extinguishers with their type no. and location, capacity, etc.

– Safety helmets – List of quantity and location.






– Status boards/message board.

– Material safety data sheets for chemicals handled at the facility.

– Several maps of the facility including drainage system for surrounding area showing:

Areas where hazardous materials are stored.

Plot plans of storage tanks, routes of pipelines, all water permanent lines etc.

The locations where personal protective equipment are stored.

The position of pumping stations and other water sources.

Roads and plant entrances.

Assembly areas and layout of Hydrant lines.

7.6.9 Communication Equipments and Alarm Systems

This kind of equipment is absolutely vital for notifying accident; make the emergency

known both inside and outside of the facility, and coordinating, the response actions among

the various groups involved in response operations.

In particular, this equipment is used to communicate within the facility; communicate

between the facility and outside organizations; and inform the public.

Different communications systems can vary in effectiveness, depending on the task. The

most common types installed in the plant are given below.

7.6.9.1Sirens

These are audible alarm systems commonly used in facilities. In case of any emergency

siren will be operated short intermittently for 1.5 minutes.

An alarm does more than just emergency warning. It also instructs people to carry out

specific assignments, such as reach to assembly point for further instructions and actions,

or carry out protective measures; this can be achieved only if the people are familiar with

the alarm systems and are trained to respond to it.

7.6.10 Personal Protective Equipments

This equipment is used mainly for three reasons; to protect personnel from a hazard while

performing rescue/accident control operations, to do maintenance and repair work under

hazardous conditions, and for escape purposes. The list of Personal Protective Equipment

provided at the facility and their locations are available in ECC.

Effective command and control accomplish these functions necessitates personal trained in

this On–site Disaster Management Plan with adequate facilities and equipments and






equipment to carry out their duties and functions. These organizations and the facilities

required to support their response are summarized in the following subsections.

7.6.11 Procedure for Testing and Updating the Plan

Simulated emergency preparedness exercises and mock fire fighting exercises

including mutual aid scheme resources and in conservation with district emergency

authority to be carried out time to time.

7.6.12 Disclosure of Information to Worker and Public Awareness System in Existence

and Anticipated

– Safety awareness among workers by conserving various training programmes and

Seminars, competition, slogans etc.

– Practical exercise.

– Distribution and practices of safety Instructions.

– Safety Quiz contests.

– Display of Safety Posters and Safety Slogans.

– Developing Safety Instructions for every Job and ensuring these

instructions/booklets or manuals by the workers.

7.7 Kurukshetra Disaster Management Plan

District Disaster Management Plan is attached as III.

7.8 Conservation Plan Indian Peafowl (Peacock)

Zoological name–Pavo cristatus

Peacock or Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) is a very familiar bird and also recognized as

National Bird of India. Asiatic peafowl like the Indian Blue Peafowl and especially the

Green Peafowl occupy a similar niche as the roadrunners, secretary bird and seriema. All

of these birds hunt for small animals including arthropods on the ground and tall grass

and minnows in shallow streams. Because of human encroachment into their natural

territories, peafowl and humans have come into increasing contact. Because of their

natural beauty some are reluctant to classify the birds as pests, but their presence can be

disturbing.






CLASSIFICATION

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Galliformes

Family: Phasianidae

Genus: Pavo

Species: Pavo cristatus

Vernacular name: Mor or Peacock

Conservation Status

IUCN: Others (LC) ver. 3.1

IWPA: Schedule I.

CITES: Not listed.






Geographical Distribution: Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka. Many feral populations exist

throughout the world.

Description of Pavo cristatus: The male, known as a peacock, is a large bird with a

length from bill to tail of 100 to 115 cm (40 to 46 inches) and to the end of a fully grown

train as much as 195 to 225 cm (78 to 90 inches) and weigh 4–6 kg. The females, or

peahens, are smaller at around 95 cm (38 inches) in length and weigh 2.75–4 kg. Indian

Peafowl are among the largest and heaviest representatives of the Phasianidae family.

Their size, colour and shape of crest make them unmistakable within their native

distribution range. The male is metallic blue on the crown, the feathers of the head being

short and curled. The fan-shaped crest on the head is made of feathers with bare black

shafts and tipped with bluish-green webbing. A white stripe above the eye and a crescent

shaped white patch below the eye are formed by bare white skin. The sides of the head

have iridescent greenish blue feathers. The back has scaly bronze-green feathers with

black and copper markings. The scapular and the wings are buff and barred in black, the

primaries are chestnut and the secondary are black. The tail is dark brown and the train is

made up of elongated upper tail coverts (more than 200 feathers, the actual tail has only

20 feathers) and nearly all of these feathers end with an elaborate eye-spot. A few of the

outer feathers lack the spot and end in a crescent shaped black tip. The underside is dark

glossy green shading into blackish under the tail. The thighs are buff colored. The male

has a spur on the leg above the hind toe. Peacocks are polygamous and the breeding

season is spread out but appears to be dependent on the rains. Several males may

congregate at a leek site and these males are often closely related. Males at leek appear to

maintain small territories next to each other and they allow females to visit them and

make no attempt to guard harems. Females do not appear to favour specific males.

Peafowl are omnivorous and eat seeds, insects, fruits and reptiles. A large percentage of

their food is made up of the fallen berries. Around cultivated areas, peafowl feed on a

wide range of crops such as groundnut, tomato, paddy, etc. Around human habitations,

they feed on a variety of food scraps. In the countryside, it is particularly partial to crops

and garden plants.






Habitat: The Indian Peafowl is found mainly on the ground in open scrub forest or on

land under cultivation where they forage for berries, grains but will also prey on snakes,

lizards and small rodents. Their loud calls make them easy to detect and in forest areas

often indicate the presence of a predator such as a tiger. They forage on the ground in

small groups and will usually try to escape on foot through undergrowth and avoid flying,

though they will fly into tall trees to roost. The bird has a celebrated status in Indian

mythology and hence protected culturally in India. The Indian Peafowl is listed as Least

Concern by IUCN.

Peafowl Behavior

Peacocks are gregarious by nature. In the breeding season they are usually seen in small

parties of one male with three to five females whereas in the non breeding season they

remain in separate parties of adult males and females with juveniles. Peacocks roost in

tall trees and emerge from the dense thickets to feed in fields and openings in forests and

fields.

Life Cycle

Voice/Call: Kee-ow, Kee-ow, Kee-ow, Ka-an, Ka-an, Ka-an, Kok-kok, Kok-kok, cain-

kok

Breeding: April-September.

Nest site: On ground in undergrowth (wild), on buildings by semi-feral birds in villages.

Life Span: The life expectancy is about 10-15 years.

Food Habit: Peacocks are ground fe d r Ind n fowl’ do o of h r for g ng

early in the morning and shortly before sunset. They retreat to the shade and security of

the trees for the hottest portion of the day. They make a meal of grains, berries drupes

wild figs and some cultivat d cro h y c n l o n c ’ ll r l nd ll

mammals.

Relationship with Man

The great beauty and popularity of the Indian Peafowl has ensured its protection

throughout its native ranges. It is a National bird of India. The peafowl is prominent in

the mythology and folklore of the Indian people. The Hindus consider the bird to be

sacred because of its association with Lord Krishna who used to wear its feather as crown

(Mor Mokut). It is also associated with the God Kartikeya, son of the Lord Shiva and






Parvati and brother of Lord Ganesh. It is Vaahan (transport) of Lord Kartikeya. This long

nd clo oc on w h hu n h rov n h fowl’ d b l y o hu n

altered landscapes. In villages where it is protected it becomes quite tame, but is very shy

and secretive where hunted. In the buffer area of mine site peacock is generally protected

by the local people.

Threats in the Study Area: No perceptible threats were identified in the villages

surveyed. Village residents are against hunting or poaching of the peafowl, due to culture

and mythology reasons. Adult peafowl can usually escape ground predators by flying into

trees.

a) Foraging in groups provides some safety as there are more eyes to look out for

predators.

b) Habitat loss, specially the shortage of tall trees in and around the villages for

roosting and for providing shade during hot summer months.

c) Shortage of drinking water for the birds during the hot summer days.

d) Casualties caused by eating chemically treated agricultural crop seeds.

e) Illegal hunting by some communities.

Conservation through Habitat Improvement and Awareness: Habitat improvement

programme will be undertaken through plantation of suitable tree species in the

surrounding villages. While selecting the tree/ shrub species care shall be provided for

beery plants which attract these birds. During summer period, villagers will be

encouraged to use the old earthen pots to fill with water for drinking these birds. Summer

is the time when these. Birds are facing shortage of feeds; there by supplying the feed

like Bajri, Juwar, Maize to the identified villages will suffix the problem of food

shortage. The proponent can directly supply these feed to the villages directly or by

funding to the NGOs active in this mission.

Feeding and Watering Arrangement: Artificial water holes will be created along the

natural drained nallahs which can sufficient drinking water up to summer of the region.

An anicut and open wall will be created by the company as their community development

programme involving the local panchayats in this work. Proposition for the suitable place

to increase population of birds near plant nursery and office plantation will help.






Provision for artificial nests, feeding trays and water troughs is under consideration. To

support furgivorous birds, artificial feed like wild fruits and vegetables will be provided.

Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is

recommended as under:

Increasing the tree cover in the buffer area for shelter and roosting of peacocks. This will

be achieved by planting of tree groves (a group of trees that grow close together,

generally without many bushes or other plants) in buffer area. Some local species such as

Neem, Siris, Amaltash, Ardu, Shesham, Dhak, Peepal tree etc. will be plant. Planting of

tree groves in school compounds in the villages of buffers area will be plant as per the

plantation programme.

By conducting awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of

peacocks in the area and also through organizing competitions during Wildlife Week and

Van Mahotsav celebrations.

Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade in

wildlife.

Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and population

status of the species.

Provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick or deformed birds.

Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby area

of peacock populations and to promote conservation of peacock habitats.

Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated to

ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the help of and

in the consultation of the district forest department.

With the objective of effectively protecting the wild life and to control poaching,

smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives, the Government of India

enacted Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972. The Act was amended in January 2003 and

punishment and penalty for offences under the Act have been made more stringent.

The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs 47,000/- for the Peacock Conservation Plan under the

following heads:






Table 7.2 : Budget detail for conservation plan

S.No. Activity Cost (Rs.)

1. Plantation of 500 Trees (as community forestry, apart from

green belt).

10,000/- @ 20/- per

plant

2. Small water tank or Tankar–12 in number @ 2000/- per tank. 24,000/-

3. 3 cash prizes @ 1000 in a year will be awarded to the informer

of poachers.

3,000/-

4. Misc. Use (Wildlife Week, Van Mahotsav Celebration, etc.) 10,000/-

Total 47,000/-

7.8 Summary


Panchkula on 19th


Kurukshetra (Haryana). The Public consultation advertisement has been published in

Dainik Jagran Newspaper on dated 17th

April, 2015. The public hearing held smoothly and

ended with a vote of thanks to the chairperson as well as to all villagers.




qualified safety manager. Activities requiring assessment of risk due to occurrence of most

probable instances of hazard and accident are both onsite and off-site. Emergency planning

is just one aspect of safety and cannot be considered in isolation from the proposed 60

KLD capacity molasses based ethanol unit and hence before starting to prepare the plan,

works management will ensure that the necessary standards, appropriate to safety

legislation, are in place. Personal protective equipment is used mainly for three reasons; to

protect personnel from a hazard while performing rescue/accident control operations, to do

maintenance and repair work under hazardous conditions, and for escape purposes. Safety

awareness among workers by conserving various training programmes and Seminars,

competition, slogans etc. will be done.






Chapter -8

Project Benefits 8.1 Introduction

Any industrial activity will help in improving the socio-economic benefits like

employment, communication, education etc.

8.2 Employment Potential

The Shahabad Sugar Mills Limited will recruit manpower of around 110 for proposed

ethanol plant during operational phase, apart from that many people are going to be

employed indirectly.

The following benefits are expected due to the implementation of the said project:

i. The easy availability of infrastructure, man power, raw materials will reduce the

production cost as well as demand supply gap. The same will bring revenue to the

state exchequer by way of Duties and Taxes.

ii. The development of green belt in and around the plant premises will improve

on the aesthetics of the area. Moreover, it will help in reducing the noise levels

within the plant boundary.

iii. The setting up of the proposed plant will help in providing employment to local

people.

iv. There will be an increase in indirect employment and earnings of the small time

shop owners like tea vendors, transporters, etc.

v. The implementation of Rain Water Harvesting Scheme will help in increasing the

ground water level of the area.

The Project proponent has planned to contribute in socio-economic development of the

area and will organize Blood donation camps, Education Programmes, Health camps,

Health awareness programmes etc. and will continue to do so.

8.3 Corporate Social Responsibility

Corporate social responsibility is the commitment of businesses to contribute to sustainable

economic development by working with the employees, their families, local community

and society at large to improve their lives in ways that are good for business as well as

overall development. It is a voluntary activity of a company that supports social interests

and environmental issues. It is a principle through which the business houses contribute to






the welfare of the society and not only maximize their profits. CSR, in fact, is about

business giving back to the society. Some of the CSR related activities alongwith budget

allocated are summarized as Table 8.1.

Table 8.1 Breakup of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility)

S.No. Particular Cost (Lakhs)

1. Medical Camps 2.0

2. Drinking water supply 2.0

3. Adoption of Surrounding Villages (2 ladies Toilet/Village will

be constructed)

3.0

4. Public Welfare (Swach Bharat Abhiyan) 2.0

5. Miscellaneous 1.0

Total 10.0 Lakh

8.4 Summary

The management will recruit the semi-skilled, unskilled workers from the nearby

villagers. The project activity and the management will definitely support the local

Panchayat and provide other form of assistance for the development of public amenities

in this region. The company management will contribute to the local schools,

dispensaries for the welfare of the villagers. Green belt development/plantation will be

taken around the plant premises. Rain water harvesting/recharge will also be done to

improve ground water level.






Chapter -9

Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 9.1 Project Cost and Project Appraisal

After making exhaustive study of the infrastructure available in regards to availability of

molasses, it is considered that the distillery project may be implemented. Project cost for

the proposed scheme of 60 KLD molasses based ethanol project has been estimated to the

tune of Rs. 6170.00 lakhs on the basis of the prevailing market price as under:

Major Heads Cost (Lakhs)

Land and Site development 50.00

Building and Civil works 348.00

Plant and Machinery with boundaries 5180.00

Miscellaneous fixed assets 42.00

Interest and other expenses during construction period to be capitalized --

Preoperative expenses --

Stores and Spares 32.00

Start up expenses 24.00

Provision for contingencies 279.00

Margin money for working capital --

Total 6170.00

9.2 Financial Pattern

For the proposed scheme of distillery of 60 KLD ethanol project the financing pattern of

the estimated capital cost amounting to Rs. 6170.00 lakhs has been envisaged as under:-

S. No. Particulars %age Cost (Lakhs)

Equity

Internal Generation

20 1234.00

Loan

a. Loan from Harco Bank 40 2468.00

b. Loan from SDF 40 2468.00

Total 100.00 6170.00

9.3 Schedule of Project Implementation

The estimated capital cost and financial viability of the present scheme has been worked

out on the assumption that the above scheme shall be completed by the end of November,

2015.






9.4 Physical Targets

The financial feasibility and profitability projections along with cash flow for the next 10

years after completion of 60 KLD ethanol project are based on the following physical

parameters.

Physical Targets

The financial feasibility and profitability projections along with cash flow for the next 10

year after completion of the scheme for the production of ethanol are based on the

following physical parameters.

S. No. Particulars Unit Parameters

i. Installed capacity

(In terms of total spirit)

LPD 60.000

ii. Working days Days 330

iii. Capacity utilization % 80-90

iv. Capacity utilization LPD 48000-54000

v. Production of Total spirit K. litre 15800-17820

vi. Production of ENA K. litre Nil

vii. Production of Ethanol K. litre 15048- 16929

viii. Production of Fusel Oil % T.S. 79-89

ix. Production of bio-compost Ton Nil

x. Production of Grain Stillage Ton 10240-11520

Financial Parameters

S.

No.

Particulars Parameters

1. Sales Realizations

a. Ethanol Rs. 39.00 per liter

b. Impure Spirit Rs. 35.00 per litre

c. Fusel Oil Rs. 30/- per litre

d. From Bio-compost Rs. 1500/- per ton

e. Carbon Dioxide Rs. 3000 per ton

2. Molasses (Incldg. Taxes

and Trans. Charges)

a. Own production Rs. 6600/- per ton

b. Procured from outside Rs. 7200/- per ton

3. Fuel (Rice Husk) Rs. 3500/- per ton

4. Operating and

Maintenance Charges

Rs. 30.00 lakh






S.

No.

Particulars Parameters

5. Process material and

consumables including de-

hydrating agent losses etc.

Rs. 700/- per kilo litre

6. Salary and wages Rs. 80 lakh in first year and 5% increase every

year.

7. Intt. On term loan from

Financial instt./ Harco

Bank

@ 13% per annum on reducing balance method.

Repayment in assumed in 7 years.

8. SDF Loan @ 7 % per annum on reducing balance method.

Repayment in four years after moratorium of one

year.

9. Interest on working capital @ 11% per annum on 16.67% average stock with

30% margin.

10. Administrative overheads Rs. 24.00 Lakhs per year.

11. Depreciation On straight line method as per rates provides in

income Tax Act.

The project financial forecast for the annual working for the next 10 years after completion

of the project has been worked out on the basis of above physical Financial Parameters.

The total summarized results for the above mentioned period of 10 years are as under:-

S. No. Particulars Rs. (Lakhs)

1. Net Sales 75533.87

2. Raw material 48651.36

3. Cash conversion cost 10395.84

4. Total cash cost of production (without dep.

and intt.)

59047.20

5. Depreciation 3683.50

6. Interest on term loan 1962.06

7. Interest on working capital 838.07

8. Total cost of production 65530.83

9. Profit and Loss before tax 10003.04

10. Provision for income tax 2727.94

11. Profit and Loss after tax 7275.10

12. Add: back depreciation 3683.50

13. Total cash accruals 10958.60






Production Profitability and Debt service

It is apparent from the 1st year after commissioning of the project and the total amount of

term loan of Bank/SDF including interest thereon will be repaid fully by the end of 8th

year

after completion of the scheme.

During the span of 8 years after completion of ethanol scheme, the factory will generate its

own financial resources (before interest on term loan and after depreciation) to the tune of

Rs/ 8675.50 After adding back interest on term loan, the total cash available for debt

service will be Rs. 10637.56 Lakhs, whereas the total debt service including interest on

term loan and installments of term loan to be repaid to the financial institutions and others

works out to Rs. 6898.06 lakhs. Thus, the average debt service coverage for the repayment

of term loan and interest thereon comes to 1.54. Other Parameters for capital investment

are as follows:

a) Pay Back Period

The payback period of capital cost of the project will be about five years and ten

months approximately.

b) The breakeven point

The breakeven point at the installed capacity is 48.91%.

c) I.R.R.

The simple internal Rate of Return on capital investment of Rs. 6170.00 Lakhs on 10

years basis comes to 20.94.

9.5 Summary

Total Project cost is 6170.00 Lakhs. The financial feasibility and profitability projections

shows that cash back period for proposed project is 10 year. From the above financial

analysis it is clear that the ethanol plant is financial and technically viable.






Chapter -10

Environment Management Plan 10.0 Introduction

The environmental management plan consists of the set of mitigation, management,

monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and operation to

eliminate adverse environmental impacts or reduce them to acceptable levels. The present

environmental management plan addresses the components of environmental affected

during construction of the plant and by the different activities forming part of the

manufacturing processes.

Objective of Environmental Policy

i. Overall conservation of environment.

ii. Minimization of waste generation and pollution.

iii. Judicious use of natural resources and water.

iv. Safety, welfare and good health of the work force and populace.

v. Ensure effective operation of all control measures.

vi. Vigilance against probable disasters and accidents.

vii. Monitoring of cumulative and long time impacts.

viii. Ensure effective operation of all control measures.

Annual review of the entire system and various environment management as well as

process control and monitoring systems shall be done. Environment monitoring shall be

done to collect the data on air, water, soil, noise etc. and duly recorded. Environmental

Management Plan which shall be implemented is detailed under the following heads.

i. Pollution control systems.

ii. Waste minimization and resource conservation.

iii. Occupational health and safety.

iv. Socio-Economic development.

v. Greenbelt development plan.

10.1 Pollution Control System

Detailed study of the pre-project commissioning environment and also the likely (and

predicted) implications after the plant commissioning suggests that the following






preventive/control measures are considered necessary to reduce the adverse impact to the

utmost practicable limit.

10.1.1 Air Environment

i. Stack height would be approx. 45 m for the boiler for gaseous emission confirming to

the CPCB norms. For D. G. Sets, stack height of 8 m above the roof level will be

maintained.

ii. Stack emission level from boiler will be kept within permissible limit by installation

of ESP/ Bag House and online stack emission monitoring will be done.

iii. Ambient air quality and stack emission would be regularly monitored and effective

control exercised, so as to keep limits on stack emission loads would be met honestly

at all the time.

iv. In order to avoid fugitive emissions from different sources, dust collectors will be

provided at material transfer points. Also the roads within the premises will be

concreted to avoid vehicular emissions.

v. The ambient air monitoring will be carried out regularly in the work zone and

surrounding areas, which shows that ambient air levels of the contaminants, are well

below the stipulated norms.

vi. Green belt around the periphery and within premises will be developed which will

help in attenuating the pollutants emitted by the plant.

vii. The storage yard for rice husk and coal will be properly covered and sheded

respectively.

10.1.2 Action Plan to Control Fugitive Emission

Main source of fugitive emissions is transportation of men and material during operational

phase of project. To control fugitive emissions following measures shall be adopted:

i. In order to avoid fugitive emissions from different sources, dust collectors will be

provided at material transfer points.

ii. The roads within the premises will be concreted / paved to avoid vehicular emissions.

iii. All transportation vehicles shall carry a valid PUC (Pollution under Control)

Certificate.

iv. Proper servicing and maintenance of vehicles will be carried out.

v. Regular sweeping of all the roads and floors will be done.






vi. Adequate green belt shall be developed in the plant area. Green belt act as surface for

settling of dust particle and thus will reduce the particulate matter in air.

vii. Ambient air quality will be regularly monitored and effective control exercised, so as

to keep emission within the limits.

Table 10.1 Action Plan to Control Fugitive Emissions

S.No. Emissions Sources Management measures

1. Fuel and ash

transfer

Mechanized Handling and conveying with proper hood

Cover Definite Loading Point

Covered transfer points

2. Vehicular

emissions

Paved roads

Regular sweeping

Water sprinkling through mobile tankers

CPCB Guidelines will be followed.

10.1.3 Waste Water Environment

i. The proposed Molasses based distillery would be based on “Zero Liquid Discharge”

(ZLD)

ii. Spent wash will be concentrated in MEE (Multiple Effect Evaporator), than the


designed boiler for incineration.

iii. Condensate will be treated in condensate polishing unit and will used as make-up

water in cooling tower.

iv. A duly lined lagoon of 30 days capacity shall be provided.

v. Online effluent quality monitoring system will be installed at the outlet of the unit for

measurement of the parameters flow, pH, COD, BOD and TSS etc. and transmission

of online data to Haryana State Pollution Control Board and CPCB will be done

10.1.4 Solid Waste Environment

i. Boiler ash collected and sold to brick manufacturers.

ii. The other solid wastes expected from the unit are containers, empty drums which are

returned to the product seller or sold to authorize buyers after detoxification.

10.1.5 Noise Environment






Various components of industrial operations will cause some amount of noise, which will

be controlled by proper maintenance and compact technology.

i. Time to time oiling and servicing of machineries will be done

ii. Acoustic enclosure for Turbine and D.G. sets would be used

iii. Green belt development (plantation of dense trees across the boundary) will help in

reducing noise levels in the plant as a result of attenuation of noise generated due to

plant operations, and transportation.

10.1.6 Odour Management

The main causes of odour at distilleries are as under:

i.Bad management of fermentation house;

ii.Long retention of fermented wash;

iii.Unattended drains;

The remedial measures will be taken such as Better house-keeping by regular steaming of

all fermentation equipments; Temperature will be kept under control during fermentation

to avoid in-activation/killing of yeast; Staling of fermented wash would also be avoided.

10.1.7 Green Belt Development

Green belt planning will be done with ecological perspectives for distillery plant of

Shahabad Ethanol plant taking into consideration the nature of pollutants, availability of

space and dominant wind directions. Recommendations given by expert committee on

plantation requirements in the premises of the plant would be fully implemented. This will

help in reducing the concentration of pollutants and will also be effective in attenuating

noise levels.

Shahabad Coop. Sugar Mills Limited has social obligation to recreate the environmental

status by providing thick green cover to suppress fugitive emission and provide aesthetic

beauty. Trees form the important part of the biosphere in the Eco-system.

It will be exercised as follows:

i. Green belt development in and around the project site will help in to attenuate the

pollution level.

ii. Out of the total plant area 33% land will be utilized for green belt development and

plantation will be done as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Norms.

iii. Native species will be given priority for Avenue plantation.






iv. The periphery will be devoted to generation of green belt area.

v. Species like Azadirechta indica, Bombax ceiba, Ceiba pentandra, Pongamia pinnata,

Syzygium cumini, Cassia siamea, Populus species, Terminalia arjuna will be planted.

10.1.8 Occupational Health and Safety

Production of ethanol involves storage handling and use of several chemicals. Some of

these chemicals are toxic and hazardous in nature. Information about these chemicals is

therefore important for the safety of the employees and the plant. Besides, the health status

of the employees is also important which may be affected due to exposure to these

chemicals. The exposures may be sudden and accidental or for a long period. In both of the

cases there will be different health effects. Therefore safety measures dealing with these

chemicals are of vital importance and will be followed judiciously.

1. In order to ensure good health of workers, regular health check-up of the plant

workers will be carried out.

2. Occupational health surveillance programme will be taken as a regular exercise for all

the employees and their records maintained.

3. Proper storage and handling precautions will be taken. The storage area will be cool,

dry and well ventilated away from any source of heat, flame or oxidizers.

4. Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) will be encouraged. Proper training on

use of PPEs, characteristics of the material handled and safety precautions to be

adopted will be given to the workers.

5. Fire safety measures will be incorporated within the factory premises. All the fire

extinguishing media such as water, dry chemicals, CO2, sand, dolomite, etc. will be

kept in vital locations.

6. Mock drills will be arranged for the worker to test the effectiveness of the training

program from time to time and the way to react in case of emergency.

7. Safety precautions will be displayed in the premises on the banners, boards etc.

8. Both On-site and Off-site emergency preparedness plan will be drawn.

10.2 Overall Recommendation and Implementation Schedule

10.2.1 Introduction

The mitigation measures suggested in earlier Chapters 4 are to be implemented so as to

reduce the impact on the environment due to proposed project. The implementation of






these recommendations could be done in phases so that, the most important mitigation

measures would be implemented first and the mitigation measures, which are less

important, could be implemented later.

Along with the implementation of these mitigation measures, monitoring schedule and

infrastructural requirements for environmental protection detailed in previous chapter are

important for environmental control measures.

10.3 Budget and Procurement Schedule

On regular basis, Environment Management Cell shall inspect the necessity and

vailability of the materials, technologies, services and maintenance works. The Cell shall

make appropriate budget for the purpose. Regular record review for any change in

financial requirement of environment management shall be done and appropriate

budgetary provisions shall be made. Along with other budgets, Budget for

environmental management shall be prepared and revised regularly as per requirement.

The budget shall include provisions for:

a. Environmental Monitoring Program.

b. Operation and Maintenance of Environmental Technologies / Equipments.

c. Laboratory works for Environmental management activities.

d. Emergency Purchase of necessary material, equipments, tools, services.

e. Greenbelt development.

f. Social and Environmental Welfare and Awareness programs / training (CSR).

g. Annual Environmental Audit.

Budget for Environmental Management Plan

The total capital investment on environmental control measures is envisaged to be about

Rs 815 Lakhs out of a total project cost of Rs. 6170.00 Lakh. Details are given in

Table-10.2.

Table 10.2 EMP Cost Details

S.

No.

Particulars Initial Cost

(Lakhs)

Recurring

Cost (Lakhs)

1. Air Pollution Control (ESP) 200.00 25.00

2. Wastewater

Treatment

Mulitple Effect Evaporator 280.00 15.00

ETP and Others 160.00 12.00

3. Fire and Safety 80.00 5.00






4. Green Belt Development/Solid Waste

Disposal

5.00 5.00

5. Rain Water harvesting/Recharge 15.00 1.00

6. Mini Lab Setup 40.00 5.00

7. Occupational Health 50.00 5.00

Total 815.00 73.00

10.4 Waste Minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques

The proposed Molasses based distillery would be based on “Zero Liquid Discharge”

(ZLD), therefore there will be no effluent discharge out of plant premises.

Recycle/Reuse/Recover

Spent wash will be concentrated in MEE (Multiple Effect Evaporator), than the


designed boiler for incineration. Condensate will be treated in condensate polishing unit

and will used as make-up water in cooling tower.

Boiler ash collected and sold to brick manufacturers. The other solid wastes expected

from the unit are containers, empty drums which are returned to the product seller or

sold to authorize buyers after detoxification.

10.4.1 Energy Conservation/Natural Resource Conservation

LED will be used in whole plant premises, and hence energy will be conserved. Waster

after treatment in ETP will be reused.

10.5 Summary


monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and

operation to eliminate adverse environmental impacts or reduce them to acceptable

levels. Effective environmental management plan will be formed. Stack height would

be approx. 45 m for the boiler for gaseous emission confirming to the CPCB norms.

For D. G. Sets, stack height of 8 m above the roof level will be maintained. In order

to avoid fugitive emissions from different sources, dust collectors will be provided at

material transfer points. Spent wash will be concentrated in MEE (Multiple Effect

Evaporator), than the semisolid waste from MEE (Multiple Effect Evaporator) will be

sent in specially designed boiler for incineration. A duly lined lagoon of 30 days

capacity will be provided. Boiler ash collected and will be sold to brick






manufacturers. Green belt development (plantation of dense trees across the

boundary) will help in reducing noise levels in the plant as a result of attenuation of

noise generated due to plant operations, and transportation. Fire safety measures will

be incorporated within the factory premises. All the fire extinguishing media such as

water, dry chemicals, CO2, sand, dolomite, etc. will be kept in vital locations. LED

will be used in whole plant premises, and hence energy will be conserved. Waster

after treatment in ETP will be reused.






Chapter -11

Summary and Conclusion 11.1 Introduction

Shahabad coop. sugar mills is planning to set up a 60 KLD capacity molasses based

ethanol unit having 3.0 MW captive power plant at Village. Jandheri, Tehsil. Shahabad,


84326.4 m2. The plant will operate 330 days in a year and will produce ethanol. The power

will be generated with steam during the process. As per the EIA notification, 2006 this

project falls under Category ‘A’ and Project or Activity 5(g), hence require Environmental

Clearance.

11 .2 Project Description



Dist. Kurukshetra, Haryana. Total land requirement for the project is 84326.4 m2.

Fermentation and Distillation process will be used for production of ethyl alcohol. Water

requirement will be 950 KLD. The requirement of Power for the unit is 1780 KW. 110

persons will be engaged for this project. Adequate Environmental protection measures as

well as health related measures will be taken.

11.3 Description of the Environment


proposed project site. The ToR presentation for proposed project was held on 20th

January, 2015 and ToR was granted by MoEF&CC on 31st March, 2014. M/s Shahabad

Co-operative Sugar Mills Ltd. requested vide letter dated 30th

December, 2014 to

MoEF&CC regarding permission to start baseline monitoring from 1st October to 31

st

December 2014. During ToR Presentation Experts Committee Members accepted the

period from 1st October to 31

st December 2014 and desired that one month additional

data to be collected. As per EAC recommendation additional one month (1st January to

31st January 2015) data collection has been done. The baseline information on micro-

meteorology, ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality and floristic

descriptions are largely drawn from the data generated by M/s Vardan Enviro Lab,






Gurgaon (NABL Accredited Lab). Land use pattern shows that most of the land is

agriculture land. The study area represents almost flat alluvial plain without any

conspicuous topographical features. The area falls in the Upper Jamuna and Ghaggar

Basins and the principal ground water reservoir in the area is unconsolidated alluvial

deposits of Quaternary age. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the minimum

and maximum concentrations of PM10 for all the 06 AAQM stations were found to be

41.4 g/m3 and 69.2 g/m

3 respectively, while for PM2.5 it vary between 25.0 g/m

3 to

40.1 g/m3. The maximum and minimum concentrations of SO2 were found to be 14.7

g/m3 to 25.0 g/m

3 respectively. The maximum and minimum concentrations of NO2

were found to be 15.0 g/m3 to 28.0 g/m3 respectively. Maximum and minimum noise

levels recorded during the day time were from 54.10 Leq dB and 49.67 Leq dB

respectively and maximum and minimum level of noise during night time were 44.70 Leq

dB and 42.00 Leq dB respectively. Thus noise levels at all locations were observed to be

within the prescribed limits. The analysis results show that soil was basic in nature as pH

value ranges from 7.23 to 8.10 with water holding capacity of 36.78 to 42.80%. Analysis

results of ground water reveal the results: pH varies from 7.60 to 8.30, total hardness

varies from 156.0 to 416.0 mg/L, total dissolved solids varies from 302.00 to 532.50

mg/L. All the basic facilities like road and rail network, medical facilities, post and

telegraph, market, drinking water facilities and education facilities are available. The

project will also provide impetus to industrialization of the area and would be boon for

the district as it will not only result in employment opportunity but also infrastructure

development and overall growth of the area.

11.4 Anticipated Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures


activities each of which will have an impact on some or other environmental

parameters.

Construction Phase










marginal and for short term only. The green belt development will have positive

impacts. The impact on land use will be long term and permanent but will be on a

smaller scale. Construction of plant will lead to permanent change in land use pattern at

the site as a direct impact. The excavation material should be dumped in low lying

areas so as to reduce visual impact. Impacts of construction activities on air quality are

cause for concern mainly in the dry months due to dust particles generated from

leveling, grading, earthworks, and other construction related activities. The dust

generated is in the range of 2500-3000 µg/m3. By adopting mitigation measures the

emission level will be brought down and PM10 will be minimized below 100 µg/m3.

Effluents from the construction area mainly contain suspended solids while the sanitary

waste from the labour colonies contains suspended matter. Adequate arrangements for

proper drainage and disposal of wastewater and routing of the effluents from

construction area through sedimentation basins and provision of proper sanitary

facilities with treatment will eliminate these problems of water pollution. Moreover,

these impacts will be temporary in nature. The major sources of noise during the

construction phase are vehicular traffic, construction equipment like dozers, scrapers,

concrete mixers, cranes, generators, pumps, compressors, rock drills, pneumatic tools,

vibrators etc. The operation of these equipments will generate noise ranging between

70-90 dB (A). Mandatory use of personal protective equipment like ear plugs will be

ensured to mitigate any significant impact of such equipment on personnel operating

the machinery. During construction phase of the proposed project, labors will be

required and this requirement will meet from surrounding area. Hence, positive impact

will be on Socio economic environment.

Operation Phase


production starts. The primary impacts causing likely deterioration will be in Air,

Water, Noise and Land / Soil due to the gaseous emissions, vehicular movement, and

discharge of liquid effluent. During transportation of raw material finished product

there will be generation of dust emission from the road. In order to control the emission

level of 1500-2000 mg/m3 the ESP of (99.8%) will be installed which will be bring

down the emission level within permissible limit of 50 mg/m3. Total except for the






major and most harmful effluent (spent wash) from the analyzer column and fermenter

sludge, other effluents are quite small and do not need any specific treatment. Spent

wash will be concentrated in MEE (Multiple Effect Evaporator), then the semisolid

waste from MEE (Multiple Effect Evaporator) will be sent in specially designed boiler

for incineration. Annually about 13111.16 m3 water will be conserved by rain water

harvesting system and will be discharge in ground water through recharge pit. The

predicted resultant noise levels found near plant boundary vary between 50.18 to 50.20

dB (A), which is dependent on the baseline noise level and the predicted incremental

noise level. Noise level can be reduced by stopping leakages from various steam lines,

compressed air lines and other high pressure equipment. There is no discharge of waste

water onto land. The solid wastes will be segregated according to their properties,

packed, transported and stored in a separate impervious storage area demarcated for

them. The proposed project will generate the employment to local people. Solid waste

and Hazardous waste will be store separately. Hazardous waste will be send to TSDF

site.

It has been concluded that the proposed project has no major adverse impact on

surrounding environment.

11.5 Analysis of Alternative Site

No alternate site has been proposed for our 60 KLD capacity molasses based ethanol plant

having 3.0 MW Captive Power Plant in conformity with Steam plant capacity at Village-

Jandheri, Tehsil-Shahabad, Dist.-Kurukshetra, Haryana.

11.6 Environmental Monitoring Programme

For the proposed project post monitoring program has been prepared. Sampling stations

will be selected on the basis of CPCB guidelines. Monitoring of environmental samples

shall be done as per the guidelines provided by MoEF&CC, CPCB and HSPCB. The

method followed shall be recommended / standard method approved / recommended by

MoEF&CC and CPCB.

An environment management cell will be formed. Adequate fund will be allocated for

Environmental Protection Measures and CSR Activities.






11.7 Additional Studies


Panchkula on 19th


Kurukshetra (Haryana). The Public consultation advertisement has been published in

Dainik Jagran Newspaper on dated 17th

April, 2015. The public hearing held smoothly and

ended with a vote of thanks to the chairperson as well as to all villagers.




qualified safety manager. Activities requiring assessment of risk due to occurrence of most

probable instances of hazard and accident are both onsite and off-site. Emergency planning

is just one aspect of safety and cannot be considered in isolation from the proposed 60

KLD capacity molasses based ethanol unit and hence before starting to prepare the plan,

works management will ensure that the necessary standards, appropriate to safety

legislation, are in place. Personal protective equipment is used mainly for three reasons; to

protect personnel from a hazard while performing rescue/accident control operations, to do

maintenance and repair work under hazardous conditions, and for escape purposes. Safety

awareness among workers by conserving various training programmes and Seminars,

competition, slogans etc. will be done.

11.8 Project Benefits

The management will recruit the semi-skilled, unskilled workers from the nearby

villagers. The project activity and the management will definitely support the local

Panchayat and provide other form of assistance for the development of public amenities

in this region. The company management will contribute to the local schools,

dispensaries for the welfare of the villagers. Green belt development/plantation will be

taken around the plant premises. Rain water harvesting/recharge will also be done to

improve ground water level.

11.9 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis

Total Project cost is 6170.00 Lakhs. The financial feasibility and profitability projections

shows that cash back period for proposed project is 10 year. From the above financial

analysis it is clear that the ethanol plant is financial and technically viable.






11.10 Environment Management Plan


monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and

operation to eliminate adverse environmental impacts or reduce them to acceptable

levels. Effective environmental management plan will be formed. Stack height would

be approx. 45 m for the boiler for gaseous emission confirming to the CPCB norms.

For D. G. Sets, stack height of 8 m above the roof level will be maintained. In order

to avoid fugitive emissions from different sources, dust collectors will be provided at

material transfer points. Spent wash will be concentrated in MEE (Multiple Effect

Evaporator), than the semisolid waste from MEE (Multiple Effect Evaporator) will be

sent in specially designed boiler for incineration. A duly lined lagoon of 30 days

capacity will be provided. Boiler ash collected and will be sold to brick manufacturers.

Green belt development (plantation of dense trees across the boundary) will help in

reducing noise levels in the plant as a result of attenuation of noise generated due

to plant operations, and transportation. Fire safety measures will be incorporated

within the factory premises. All the fire extinguishing media such as water, dry

chemicals, CO2, sand, dolomite, etc. will be kept in vital locations. LED will be used

in whole plant premises, and hence energy will be conserved. Waster after treatment

in ETP will be reused.






Chapter -12

Disclosure of Consultants Engaged

12.1 Disclosure of Consultants Engaged

Vardan EnviroNet is a “NABET approved EIA Consultant” certificate no.

NABET/EIA/1316/IA001, having its registered office at D-142, Sushant Lok III, Golf

Course Extension Road, Sector 57, Gurgaon 122001.






EIA Coordinator: Mr. SK Sharma

Team Member: Mr. R.S Yadav & Mr. Mukesh Kapila

Functional Area Experts:

S. No Functional

Area Name of Expert/s

Signature

1. AP Mr.S.K.Sharma

2. WP Mr.S.K.Sharma

3. SHW Mr.S.K.Sharma

4. SE Mr. Madhusudan

Hanumant

5. EB Mr. H.S. Matharu

6. HG Mr.R.S Yadav

7. GEO Mr.R.S Yadav

8. AQ Mr.Asif Hussain

9. NV Mr. Asif Hussain

10. LU Mr.Joshua Anand

11. RH Mr. Kuldeepak Ahuja

12. SC Mr.S.K.Sharma

60 kld molasses based ethanol plant with 3.0 mw...

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