5.6 – How Elements Form Compounds

Chemistry Unit Notes for Tuesday, November 8th, 2011

• Welcome to class!!• Today is Tuesday, November 8th, 2011.• Thank-you for being here!!• I will be blocking all internet access during

Questions and answers section of our class today. As soon as we go over the questions and answers; I’ll remove the block!!

• Very important information!!

Understanding Concepts on p.189

• 1a) How do metals form ionic compounds with non-metals? During the process, one element (metal) becomes positively charged and the other (nonmetal) becomes negatively charged. Opposites attract to each other.

• 1b) Describe the process with an example. The lithium (metal) and fluorine (nonmetal) will react this way. The lithium has one electron in its outer ring (orbit); would like to get rid of that electron. Without it; its outer ring (orbit) is full. All elements want / would love to have a full outer ring/orbit. The fluorine wants/REALLY WANTS ONE MORE ELECTRON. The lithium becomes positive after giving away its electron; fluorine becomes negative when it gets the extra electron.

• 2) Beryllium and fluorine react to form an ionic compound.

• A) Which element is the metal and which is the nonmetal? Beryllium is the metal and fluorine is the nonmetal.

• B)Draw Bohn diagrams of beryllium and fluorine.

• C) How many electrons must each element gain or lose to form stable ions? The beryllium must lose two electron in/off its outer ring/orbit and the fluorine must gain one in its outer ring.

• D) Draw sketches to show how this compound forms by transfer of electrons.

• E) Indicate the ionic charges on the ions. Beryllium is +2 and Fluorine is -1.

• F) What is the overall charge on the compound? The compound is neutral charge = 0.

• G) What is the chemical formula of the compound? BeF₂

• 3) Repeat question 2 for the compound formed by aluminum and fluorine.

• A) Which element is the metal and which is the nonmetal?

• B)Draw Bohn diagrams of aluminum and fluorine.

• C) How many electrons must each element gain or lose to form stable ions?

• D) Draw sketches to show how this compound forms by transfer of electrons.

• E) Indicate the ionic charges on the ions.

• F) What is the overall charge on the compound?

• G) What is the chemical formula of the compound?

• 4) What part of the atom is involved in making chemical bonds?