54352173-de-cuong-thuc-tap

TRNG I HC BU CHNH VIN THNG

CNG

XY DNG H THNG THNG MI HNG DCH VTHC TP TT NGHIP

NM 2011

MC LCChng 1 M U 11 1.1 L do chn ti ................................................................................................11

2

Lun vn: Xy dng h thng Thng mi in t hng dch v

GVHD: Ng Huy Bin

1.2 Mc ch ............................................................................................................12 1.3 i tng ...........................................................................................................13 1.4 Phm vi nghin cu ............................................................................................13 Chng 2 TNG QUAN ...........................................................................................14 2.1 Tnh hnh TMT v phn mm hng dch v (SaaS) trn th gii v Vit Nam 14 2.1.1 Th gii ........................................................................................................14 2.1.2 Vit Nam.......................................................................................................16 2.2 Thun li v kh khn cho TMT Vit Nam .................................................17 2.2.1 Thun li:......................................................................................................17 2.2.2 Kh khn ......................................................................................................17 2.3 Hng tip cn....................................................................................................18 Chng 3 KIN THC NN TNG ........................................................................19 3.1 Thng mi in t (EC)....................................................................................19 3.1.1 nh ngha EC (*).........................................................................................19 3.1.1.1 E-Commerce........................................................................................19 3.1.1.2 E- Business...........................................................................................19 3.1.2 Mt s khi nim EC (**).............................................................................20 3.1.2.1 M hnh EC..........................................................................................20 3.1.2.2 Th trng in t (Electronic Market)................................................20 3.1.2.3 Sn giao dch........................................................................................20 3.1.2.4 Thanh ton in t ..............................................................................20 3.1.2.5 Trao i d liu in t ti chnh ........................................................20 3.1.2.6 Tin mt Internet (Internet Cash).........................................................20 3.1.2.7 Ti tin in t (Electronic Purseb).....................................................21 3.1.2.8 Giao dch ngn hng s ha (digital banking), giao dch chng khon s ha (digital securities trading)..........................................................................21 3.1.3 Khung hot ng ..........................................................................................22

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3.1.4 Cc thnh phn tham gia...............................................................................24 3.1.5 Phn loi EC.................................................................................................25 3.1.5.1 Phn loi theo m hnh thng mi .....................................................25 3.1.5.1.1 a ra gi ca bn cn .................................................................25 3.1.5.1.2 Tm gi tt nht.............................................................................25 3.1.5.1.3 Mi gii........................................................................................26 3.1.5.1.4 Chi nhnh tip th .........................................................................26 3.1.5.1.5 H thng ngh in t...............................................................26 3.1.5.1.6 Bn u gi trc tuyn..................................................................26 3.1.5.1.7 Sn xut theo yu cu khch hng v c nhn ha........................26 3.1.5.2 Phn loi theo bn cht ca giao dch ..................................................26 3.1.6 H thng EC..................................................................................................28 3.1.7 Thun li ca EC..........................................................................................28 3.1.7.1 i vi doanh nghip...........................................................................28 3.1.7.2 i vi ngi dng (u cui).............................................................29 3.1.7.3 i vi x hi .....................................................................................29 3.1.8 Hn ch ca EC ............................................................................................30 3.1.8.1 V mt cng ngh................................................................................30 3.1.8.2 Cc hn ch khc .................................................................................30 3.1.9 Mt s vn cn lu ................................................................................30 3.1.9.1 Bo mt trong EC.................................................................................30 3.1.9.1.1 Mt s vn bo mt .................................................................30 3.1.9.1.2 Qui trnh bo mt .........................................................................32 3.1.9.1.3 Mt s loi tn cng .....................................................................32 3.1.9.1.4 Chng li tn cng .......................................................................33 3.1.9.2 X l t ng ......................................................................................33 3.1.9.3 Thanh ton in t...............................................................................33

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3.1.9.3.1 Paypal...........................................................................................33 3.1.9.3.2 OnLink..........................................................................................34 3.1.9.3.3 PayNet..........................................................................................38 3.1.9.3.4 Google Checkout .........................................................................39 3.1.9.3.5 So snh gia Google Checkout v Paypal ....................................39 3.2 Phn mm hng dch v(Saas) .........................................................................41 3.2.1 V d m u - Google Docs........................................................................41 3.2.2 Th no l mt phn mm hng dch v?...................................................41 3.2.3 c trng ca phn mm hng dch v.......................................................42 3.2.4 Phn bit phn mm hng dch v vi cc hnh thc phn phi phn mm khc 43 3.2.5 Nhng thun li ca phn mm hng dch v............................................44 3.2.5.1 Chi ph trin khai thp, thi gian trin khai nhanh...............................44 3.2.5.2 Khng cn nhiu s h tr k thut......................................................44 3.2.5.3 Nng cp chng trnh m khng tn thm chi ph..............................44 3.2.5.4 Truy cp khng gii hn khng gian v thi gian................................44 3.2.6 So snh m hnh phn mm SaaS v phn mm truyn thng......................45 3.2.7 Kh khn ca phn mm SaaS......................................................................45 3.2.7.1 i vi ngi dng(doanh nghip, t chc, c nhn)..........................46 3.2.7.2 i vi nh cung cp dch v...............................................................46 3.2.7.3 Vn bo mt....................................................................................46 3.2.7.4 Vn bo m truy cp ng thi......................................................47 Chng 4 PHN TCH THIT K..........................................................................47 4.1 Yu cu thit k .................................................................................................48 4.2 Phng php thit k v mi trng pht trin...................................................48 4.2.1 M hnh 3 lp................................................................................................48 4.2.2 ch li ca m hnh 3 lp..............................................................................51

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4.2.3 Mi trng pht trin....................................................................................51 4.3 Thit k h thng................................................................................................52 4.3.1 S tng quan h thng .............................................................................52 4.3.2 Ngi dng v chc nng ca h thng........................................................54 4.3.2.1 Ngi dng h thng............................................................................54 4.3.2.1.1 Ngi dng trn h thng cha ......................................................54 4.3.2.1.2 Ngi dng trn h thng con ......................................................54 4.3.2.2 Chc nng h thng.............................................................................55 4.3.2.2.1 Yu cu chc nng:.......................................................................55 4.3.2.2.2 Yu cu phi chc nng: ................................................................55 4.3.3 Danh sch cc Actor.....................................................................................56 4.3.4 Use - case cho i tng SaaSAdmin ..........................................................57 4.3.4.1 Danh sch cc Use-case.......................................................................57 4.3.4.2 M t Use-case.....................................................................................60 4.3.5 Use case cho i tng SaaSCustomer .....................................................61 4.3.5.1 Danh sch cc Use-case ......................................................................61 4.3.5.2 M t cc Use-case ..............................................................................65 4.3.6 Use-case cho i tng ClientCustomer ......................................................67 4.3.6.1 Danh sch cc use-case........................................................................67 4.3.6.2 M t cc use-case...............................................................................67 4.4 Thit k database................................................................................................68 4.4.1 Lc c s d liu...................................................................................68 4.4.2 Danh sch cc bng c s d liu.................................................................70 4.5 Thit k x l .....................................................................................................72 4.5.1 Gii quyt vn ng dn ti website thnh vin k thut URL Friendly 72 4.5.2 S lp ......................................................................................................74

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GVHD: Ng Huy Bin

4.5.3 Lung x l...................................................................................................78 4.5.3.1 Flowchart cho i tng SaaSAdmin...................................................78 4.5.3.2 Flowchart cho i tng SaaSCustomer .............................................79 4.5.3.3 Flowchart cho i tng ClientCustomer............................................80 4.6 Thit k giao din ...............................................................................................81 4.6.1 Giao din ng dng SaaSSystem - ng dng cha .........................................81 4.6.1.1 Mn hnh trang ch (front-end)............................................................82 4.6.1.2 Mn hnh ng k................................................................................83 4.6.1.3 Mn hnh trang ch (back-end)............................................................84 4.6.2 Giao din ng dng SaaSCustomer - ng dng con .....................................85 4.6.2.1 Mn hnh trang ch (front-end)............................................................85 4.6.2.2 Mn hnh trang ch (backend)............................................................88 4.6.2.3 H thng menu (back-end)...................................................................89 Chng 5 KIM TRA H THNG.............................................................................89 5.1 Kin thc nn tng, mc tiu ca vic kim tra h thng....................................90 5.2 Cch thc kim tra .............................................................................................90 5.3 Mi trng v cng c gi nh..........................................................................91 5.4 Kt qu ...............................................................................................................91 5.4.1 Kim chng giao din (GUI Test).................................................................91 5.4.2 Kim chng chc nng.................................................................................92 Chng 6 CI T TRIN KHAI..........................................................................92 6.1 Mc tiu trin khai..............................................................................................92 6.2 Yu cu trin khai ..............................................................................................92 6.2.1 Yu cu v phn cng...................................................................................92 6.2.2 Yu cu v phn mm...................................................................................93 6.2.3 Yu cu v con ngi...................................................................................93 6.3 Chi ph trin khai................................................................................................94

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6.3.1 Chi ph phn cng.........................................................................................94 6.3.2 Chi ph phn mm.........................................................................................94 6.3.3 Chi ph o to & chuyn giao .....................................................................94 6.4 Cc bc trin khai.............................................................................................94 6.4.1 Tip nhn & phn tch yu cu trin khai......................................................94 6.4.2 Trin khai ng dng......................................................................................95 Chng 7 NHN XT - NH GI..........................................................................95 7.1 Kt qu t c.................................................................................................95 7.1.1 V mt l thuyt ...........................................................................................95 7.1.1.1 L thuyt v TMT.............................................................................95 7.1.1.2 L thuyt SaaS ....................................................................................96 7.1.2 V mt ng dng ..........................................................................................97 7.1.2.1 Giao din..............................................................................................97 7.1.2.2 Tnh nng ............................................................................................97 7.1.3 So snh kt qu t c vi cc h thng SaaS sn c VN .....................98 7.2 Hn ch lun vn ................................................................................................99 7.2.1 V mt l thuyt: ..........................................................................................99 7.2.2 V mt ng dng: .......................................................................................100 7.3 Hng pht trin ..............................................................................................100 7.3.1 V mt giao din.........................................................................................100 7.3.2 V tnh nng ...............................................................................................101 TI LIU THAM KHO .....................................................................................102 Sch, Ebooks..........................................................................................................102 Lun vn, lun n...................................................................................................103 Websites, Blog chuyn gia.....................................................................................103 PH LC..............................................................................................................105 Ph lc A. Giao din ng dng SaaSSystem ........................................................105

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Giao din ng dng SaaSSystem - ng dng cha...................................................105 Giao din ng dng SaaSCustomer v d v ng dng con ...............................110 Ph lc B. M t thuc tnh cc bng c s d liu...............................................125 Ph lc C. c t cc Use-case..............................................................................133 c t cc Use-case ca SaaSAdmin ....................................................................133 c t cc Use-case ca SaaSCustomer ................................................................135 c t cc Use-case ca i tng ClientCustomer...............................................144 Ph lc D. Cc phn mm h tr v b th vin s dng trong lun vn..............147 Ph lc F. Danh mc cc test case thc hin c............................................148 Ph lc G. Cu hnh IIS v tp tin Web.config......................................................162 7.4 Kin thc xy dng phn mm.........................................................................166 7.4.1 Qui trnh pht trin phn mm....................................................................166 7.4.2 Kin thc lp trnh .....................................................................................166 7.4.2.1 Lp trnh hng i tng.................................................................166 7.4.2.2 ch li ca lp trnh hng i tng ................................................166 7.4.2.3 Lp trnh vi m hnh 3 lp ..............................................................166 7.4.2.4 ch li ca m hnh 3 lp ..................................................................166 7.4.3 Kin thc phn tch - thit k .....................................................................166 7.4.3.1 Kin trc phn mm ..........................................................................166 7.4.3.2 Cc qui tc thit k d liu.................................................................166

Danh sch cc hnh

Danh sch bng biu Bng 1 Thng k t l ngi dng internet trn th gii (tnh n 31/12/2008)...........14

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Bng 2 Thng k s lng ngi dng internet theo cc vng min trn th gii nm 2008 15

Danh sch cc thut ng s dng* B2C (Business to Consumer): l nhng giao dch trc tuyn gia cc doanh nghip v ngi tiu th ring bit. B2B (Business to Business): l cc giao dch gia cc doanh nghip vi nhau. B2E (business-to-employee): l trng hp con ca intrabusiness. Trong , cng ty cung cp dch v, thng tin hay sn phm n cc nhn vin. Back-end: l cng c qun l dnh cho cc nh qun tr website.Phn h thng ny ch c nhng nh qun tr website mi c ng nhp v s dng. Banner: l cc khung hnh th hin thng tin qung co hoc c ng. C2B (Consumer to Business): C2B l m hnh TMT trong mi c nhn s dng Internet bn sn phm hay dch v ti cc t chc, hay l cc t chc tm kim nhng ngi tiu dng v bn sn phm cho h. C2C (Consumer-to-Consumer): C2C l m hnh TMT trong ngi tiu th bn trc tip cho mt ngi tiu th khc. ClientCustomer: Tn t t khch hng u cui - l i tng khch hng ca website thnh vin (SaaSCustomer). CRM (Customer Relationship Management): qun tr mi quan h khch hng. DoS: Vit tt ca t Denial of Service - l kiu tn cng lm cho cc dch v mng b t lit v khng cn kh nng p ng c yu cu na. Loi tn cng ny nh hng n nhiu h thng, rt d thc hin v li kh bo v h thng khi b tn cng1. DDoS: Vit tt ca t Distributed Denial of Service y cng l phng php tn cng t chi dch v nhng khng ging nh DoS m gi l DDos (t chi dch v phn tn), ngha l cng mt lc nhiu my tnh s c huy ng gi gi tin n my ch ch, n mt lc no s lm my ch ch b qu ti v khng th hi p cc yu cu khc, dn n lm t lit h thng2.

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EDI: Vit tt ca t Electronic Data Interchange dch v trao i d liu in t tin thn ca thng mi in t hin nay. E-tailing: E-tailing l bn l trc tuyn, thng l B2C. E-Commerce: Thng mi in t. E-Gorvernment: Chnh ph in t. Chnh ph mua/cung cp hng ha, dch v hay thng tin t/n cc doanh nghip (G2B) hoc c nhn (G2C). E-Marketing: Tip th in t. E-Mobile: Cc giao dch hay hot ng c thc hin mi trng khng dy. E-Payment: Thanh ton in t. ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning): H thng chng trnh hoch nh ti nguyn doanh nghip. Front-end: l phn thy c bn ngoi ca website dnh cho khch ving thm. P2P (Peer-to-Peer): l cng ngh s dng kh nng ca mng my tnh n l chia s d liu v x l vi nhng my khc mt cch trc tip; c th c dng trong m hnh C2C, B2B, v B2C. PaaS: Vit tt ca t Platform as a Service cung cp nn tng xy dng ng dng. Cc nh pht trin PaaS mong mun cung cp mt nn tng cc nh lp trnh c th pht trin chng trnh ca h mt cch nhanh chng v d dng. SaaS: Vit tt ca t Software as a Service phn mm hng dch v - Theo nh ngha ca hng nghin cu ton cu IDC th SaaS l: "Phn mm hot ng trn web, c qun l bi nh cung cp v cho php ngi s dng truy cp t xa". V c bn cc thut ng SaaS v On-Demand Software c hiu nh nhau. SSO: Vit tt ca t Single Sign On ng nhp mt ln cho nhiu ng dng. Gi s bn c mt ti khon Gmail, sau khi bn ng nhp vo hp mail ca mnh th bn c th s dng Google Docs, Picasaweb Album m khng cn phi ng nhp li vo cc ng dng ny mt ln na v tt c cc ng dng trn u s dng d liu ngi dng chung.

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SaaSSystem: Tn t t h thng website SaaSSystem cho php thnh vin ng k trn . Sau khi ng k, thnh vin (SaaSCustomer) c mt website ring cho mnh. SaaSCustomer: Tn t t thnh vin ng k trn website SaaSSystem. ng thi ng vai tr l qun tr h thng i vi website h c cCh thch:

*

Mt s thut ng c tham kho t Gio trnh Thng Mi in t, tc gi L Th Nhn, ging vin khoa CNTT, trng H KHTN Tp HCM.1, 2

Lun vn Nghin cu mt s vn v bo mt- SVTH: Nguyn Duy Thng Nguyn Minh Thu GVHD: Th.S Mai Vn Cng, trang 117.

Chng 1 M U1.1 L do chn tiNgy nay Thng Mi in T (TMT) tr thnh mt cng c thng mi ph bin trn th gii v Vit Nam. VN, in hnh c cc trang: www.gophatdat.com, www.timnhanh.com, www.vietnamworks.com.vn, www.travel.com.vn ang c tnh hnh pht trin tt. Tuy nhin, hnh thnh nn nhng trang TMT kh ni ting l c mt qu trnh. Thi gian, tin bc v cng sc b ra khng t. Trong thi i thng tin bng n, cc doanh nghip dn thc c tc dng ca knh thng tin Internet. Cc c hi kinh doanh v hp tc lm n c th ny sinh t Internet. Trong khi , hin nay, mt doanh nghip trin khai c nh kinh doanh ca mnh trn mi trng mng Internet l mt vn khng h n gin. Vn

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chnh l chi ph, thi gian trin khai v bo tr h thng. Theo m hnh truyn thng, trin khai mt phn mm cn phi c cc giai on sau y: Doanh nghip xc nh yu cu h thng cn trin khai Thu mt cng ty t vn t vn v vn k thut Thu mt cng ty phn mm pht trin h thng Trin khai h thng Bo tr h thng Chnh v c qu nhiu giai on nn chi ph ca mt phn mm rt cao. Hn na thi gian pht trin phn mm ko di, c th ln n vi nm nu h thng ln. Sau khi h thng i vo hot ng doanh nghip phi tr tin thu nhn vin k thut, tin bn quyn phn mm duy tr h thng. y chnh l vn nan gii i vi doanh nghip, c bit l i vi cc doanh nghip va v nh.iu ny khin vic u t kinh doanh qua mi trng mng Internet ca nhiu doanh nghip Vit Nam gp nhiu kh khn. Mt cu hi t ra l: C gii php no gip doanh nghip v ngi dng c th tip cn vi TMT d dng hn, c th tip cn TMT vi chi ph thp nht, thi gian trin khai nhanh nht v duy tr, bo tr h thng d dng? i tm cu tr li cho cc cu hi trn cng chnh l l do chn ti Xy dng h thng TMT hng dch v.

1.2 Mc chTm hiu v lm r cc khi nim v TMT, phn mm hng dch v (SaaS), k thut lp trnh trn mi trng mng internet. Trn c s xy dng h thng TMT hng dch v vi cc mc ch sau: Cung cp mt gii php ton din v TMT cho ngi dng l doanh nghip, t chc hay c nhn. Vic cung cp gii php TMT ny phi tha cc tiu ch sau: C y cc tnh nng nh mt website TMT bnh thng. Chi ph trin khai thp. Thi gian trin khai nhanh.

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Chi ph duy tr, bo tr h thng thp. An ton, n nh v bo mt d liu.

1.3 i tngi tng m ti phc v chnh l cc doanh nghip va v nh, cc c nhn v ngi s dng mng internet. Vi i tng ngi dng l doanh nghip va v nh, lun vn s nghin cu v cung cp cho i tng ny gii php TMT ton din vi chi ph thp nht, thi gian trin khai nhanh nht v bo tr h thng d dng nht c th. Vi i tng l cc c nhn mun kinh doanh qua mi trng mng internet, h c th s dng kt qu lun vn vi t cch l mt doanh nghip hoc vi t cch l mt ngi dng mng. Vi i tng l ngi s dng mng internet, h c th l ngi dng u cui ca cc h thng TMT ca nhng doanh nghip trn hoc h n thun ch l tm kim thng tin phc v nhu cu ca mnh, kt qu ca lun vn cng cung cp cho h mt ni tp trung thng tin ca mt lnh vc no nh ta vn thg gi bng t cng ng h c th d dng trong vic tm kim thng tin.

1.4 Phm vi nghin cuTMT l mt lnh vc rng c v nghip v chuyn mn ln l thuyt ng dng. Doanh nghip mun hot ng trong lnh vc ny i hi phi c thi gian tip cn v hiu n. Vi mt khong thi gian c hn, ti ch gii hn nghin cu trong mt phm vi c th: Tm hiu l thuyt v TMT. Tm hiu l thuyt v phn mm hng dch v (Software as a Service). Trin khai th nghim mt h thng TMT theo m hnh phn mm hng dch v.

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Chng 2 TNG QUAN2.1 Tnh hnh TMT v phn mm hng dch v (SaaS) trn th gii v Vit Nam2.1.1 Th giiV tnh hnh TMT Theo thng k ca website www.internetworldstats.com th tng s ngi truy cp internet trn th gii tnh n ngy 31/12/2008 l 1.581.571.589 ngi chim 23.6% dn s ton cu. Chi tit bng thng k ngi dng internet trn th gii nh sau:Vng Dn s Ngi dng internet ( 31/12/2000)4.514.400 114.304.000 105.096.093 3.284.800 108,096,800 18,068,919 7,620,480

Ngi dng internet (s liu mi nht)54.171.500 650.361.843 390.141.073 45.861.346 246.822.936 173.619.140 20.593.751

% dn Tng so s vi nm 2000 (%)5,6 % 17,2 % 48,5 % 23,3 % 73,1 % 29,9 % 59,9 % 1.100,0 % 469,0 % 271,2 % 1.296,2 % 128,3 % 860,9 % 170,2 %

T l (%)

Chu Phi Chu Chu u Trung ng Bc M M Latinh Chu c

975.330.899 3.780.819.792 803.903.540 196.767.614 337.572.949 581.249.892 34.384.384

3,4 % 41,1 % 24,7 % 2,9 % 15,6 % 11,0 % 1,3 % 100,0 %

1.581.571.589 23,6 % 338,1 % Tng cng 6.710.029.070 360.985.492 Bng 1 Thng k t l ngi dng internet trn th gii (tnh n 31/12/2008)

Ngun: Internet World Stats Theo thng k bng trn ta thy Chu l khu vc c tng s ngi truy cp internet cao nht th gii l 650,4 triu ngi (41,1%), v tr tip theo l Chu u vi 390,1 triu ngi (24,7%) v Bc M 246,8 triu ngi (15,6%), cui cng thp nht l chu

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c vi ch 20,6 triu ngi (1,3%). Hnh v sau th hin ci nhn trc quan hn v bng s liu thng k trn:

Bng 2 Thng k s lng ngi dng internet theo cc vng min trn th gii nm 2008

Ngun: Internet World Stats Theo thng k ca hng nghin cu Forrester Research, doanh s bn hng trc tuyn trn ton th gii trong nm 2006 c t khong gn 2.500 t USD, vi tc tng trng trung bnh trn di 7% nm, v d kin trong nm 2007, t l tng trng s l 8%. Tm li: tnh hnh thng mi in t trn th gii ang ngy mt pht trin trong khu vc chu M ang c chiu hng gim li nhng ch cho cc nc ang pht trin c bit l khu vc chu , trong c Vit Nam. V tnh hnh phn mm hng dch v (SaaS) phn ny, chng ta khoan hy cp n phn mm SaaS l g, c ch li nh th no, c khc g vi phn mm truyn thng m hy hiu nm na: Phn mm hng dch v l phn mm cho php nhiu ngi cng s dng v c truy cp qua mi trng mng internet. Nhng c im v vai tr ca phn mm ny trong xu th ngy ny th no th chng ta s tm hiu k hn nhng chng sau.

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GVHD: Ng Huy Bin

Xu hng cung cp phn mm dng hng dch v ang ngy cng c ch trng v pht trin trn th gii. in hnh l mt s hng phn mm ni ting cho ra i nhiu ng dng dng SaaS nh Google vi Google Docs (mt dng ng dng thay th Excel v Word nhng chy qua mi trng mng), Google Apps, Gmail ...; Microsoft th c Online Office, Microsoft Dynamics CRM ...; SalesFoce th c website www.salesfoce.com mt website ni ting v cung cp cc ng dng SaaS; Amazon th ni ting vi website www.amazon.com; Ebay hng mua bn trc tip ln nht th gii hin nay- th ni ting vi website www.ebay.com c im chung cc website dng ny l u cung cp ng dng dng SaaS cho ngi s dng. C th l min ph hoc c th l thu ph nh k. Cc phn mm dng SaaS hin rt a dng: t phn mm ng dng phc v nhu cu i chng nh email, Word, Excel, Access n cc phn mm cao cp thuc cc lnh vc nh CRM, ERP... th SaaS u gp mt. ng dng dng SaaS c th cung cp min ph ti ngi dng nh Gmail, Google Docs... hoc c tnh ph vi ngi s dng nh Office Online, cc ng dng trong lnh vc CRM, ERP

2.1.2 Vit NamV tnh hnh TMT Cng vi xu hng pht trin thng mi in t trn th gii, thng mi in t Vit Nam ang c nhng bc chuyn mnh tch cc. Theo kho st mi nht ca Cc Thng mi in t v CNTT B cng thng, 45% doanh nghip trn c nc c website ring. Trong s , 35% doanh nghip c doanh thu trn 15% nh thng mi in t. Bn cnh , 88% doanh nghip chp nhn vic nhn n hng bng phng tin in t. V pha ngi tiu dng, cng c nhng tn hiu kh quan khi 65 % ngi tm hiu thng tin trn mng trc khi mua sm. Tuy nhin, a s website kinh doanh VN vn cn tn ti kh nhiu bt cp nh: ni dung c vn , thit k cha ph hp lm ri mt ngi xem, cp nht km, lng truy cp thp, tc chm... Theo ng Trn Hu Linh, Ph cc trng Cc thng mi in t v CNTT, B Cng thng, hn ch ln nht hin nay l thi quen mua hng ca ngi VN dn n t l ngi dng cc loi th ngn hng c kh nng thanh ton quc t, trc tuyn cha i tr. Bn cnh , loi hnh ny cng cn s h tr t cc chnh sch m rng ca ngn hng.

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Ngoi ra, ng cng nhn mnh nhn t trc mt thc y thng mi in t ti VN l cc trang web phi to ra m hnh mua bn c an ton cao, cc dch v theo sau phi chu o. y khng phi l hnh thc mua bn "cao siu" m phi to nn s thn thin v d dng cho ngi tiu dng. V phn mm hng dch v (SaaS) Theo kho st ca nhm thc hin, s lng phn mm hng dch v Vit Nam hin rt t so vi s lng phn mm truyn thng. iu cho thy, phn mm hng dch v Vit Nam mi ch trong giai on u. Mt vi website TMT VN cung cp phn mm theo hng dch v di dng cho php ngi dng ng k thnh vin v c mt website ring. in hnh l mt s trang nh: www.gophatdat.com, www.1001shoppings.com, www.vietmy.vn, www.dava.vn... Trong s nhng trang trn th trang www.gophatdat.com v trang www.dava.vn c m hnh phn mm hng dch v tng i r nt. Tuy nhin, cng nh nhng trang TMT truyn thng, a phn cc trang ny vn vng phi cc hn ch khch quan v ch quan nh nu trn. V th cc site ny pht trin v thnh cng mt cch ton din th vn cn phi c thi gian. Hng i pht trin phn mm TMT theo m hnh SaaS l mt la chn ph hp vi tnh hnh th gii v Vit Nam hin nay. hi r ti sao m hnh phn mm ny li ph hp vi tnh hnh Vit Nam v th gii trong tng lai, chng ta th phn tch mt s thun li v kh khn ca TMT v m hnh cung cp phn mm truyn thng Vit Nam c cu tr li thch ng nht.

2.2 Thun li v kh khn cho TMT Vit Nam2.2.1 Thun li:Nhng ng dng TMT ni chung ang nhn c nhng thun li nh sau: S ngi truy cp internet tng nhanh (hn 20 triu ngi/90 triu dn). Cc chnh sch u i ca nh nc v cng ngh thng tin. Thi quen mua hng qua mng ang c ngi tiu dng ch .

2.2.2 Kh khnKh khn c th gp phi khi trin khai 1 h thng phn mm TMT:

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-

Thi quen v lng tin ca ngi dng vo cc phn mm TMT cha cao. Cc ngn hng cn kh khn trong vic lin kt vi cc doanh nghip kinh doanh trc tuyn cho ra i cc sn phm thanh ton trc tuyn. Tnh bo mt thng tin cn km trn cc website TMT VN. Chi ph pht trin & bo tr mt website TMT VN vn cn cao. Thi gian pht mt ng dng TMT hon chnh kh lu. Chnh sch h tr khch hng sau khi mua sn phm hu nh khng c cc doanh nghip ch trng.

2.3 Hng tip cnTheo tm hiu ca nhm thc hin, cc ng dng dng SaaS c th chia lm 2 loi: 1. Cung cp nn tng xy dng ng dng (PaaS Platform as a Service) 2. Cung cp phn mm trn gi s dng (SaaS Software as a Service) Vi dng 1, i tng ngi dng m ng dng SaaS mun nhm ti l cc nh pht trin phn mm, cc cng ty phn mm hay cc lp trnh vin (developer). Mc tiu ca cc phn mm SaaS dng ny l cung cp nn tng chun h tr pht trin ng dng mt cch nhanh chng, d dng. u im ca ng dng SaaS dng ny l cung cp nn tng c bn pht trin ng dng, da trn nn tng , cc nh pht trin hay cc lp trnh vin c th ty bin cc ng dng nhm to ra mt sn phm va v phc v hu ch cho nhu cu ca khch hng ca h. Nhc im ca ng dng dng ny l i hi ngi s dng phi c am hiu k thut, c trnh tin hc nht nh mi c th s dng. Do vy, ng dng SaaS dng ny t ph bin trn thc t hin nay. Vi dng 2, i tng m cc ng dng SaaS mun nhm n l cc ngi s dng u cui, cc doanh nghip v cc c nhn mun s dng Internet lm mi trng kinh doanh.

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u im ca ng dng SaaS dng ny l khng i hi ngi dng phi c trnh tin hc cao, trin khai d dng v nhanh chng. Nhc im ca ng dng SaaS dng ny l ty bin ca ng dng khng cao. Ngi dng vn c th ty bin cho ng dng ca h, nhng c gii hn. Bi khng nh pht trin phn mm no c th vit ra mt phn mm m tha tt c cc yu cu ca tt c mi ngi. Da vo nhng phn tch v u v khuyt ca tng gii php v tnh hnh thc t ca TMT VN, chng em quyt nh chn hng tip cn l theo m hnh cung cp phn mm trn gi hng dch v (SaaS) v cc l do sau: 1. Ph hp vi nhu cu thc t hin nay Vit Nam. 2. C th kt hp gia m hnh SaaS v PaaS cho ra i mt ng dng hng dch v ton din v sau ny.

Chng 3 KIN THC NN TNG3.1 Thng mi in t (EC)3.1.1 nh ngha EC (*) 3.1.1.1 E-CommerceL khi nim ch qu trnh mua, bn, hay trao i cc sn phm, dch v, thng tin qua mng my tnh, c bit mng internet. Hu ht cc ng dng EC c thc hin thng qua mi trng mng internet. Tuy nhin, qu trnh mua bn ny c th thng qua mng WAN, LAN hay thm ch l my tnh n. Khi , vic mua bn hng ha gia mt my bn hng v mt th thng minh c th coi l mt EC.

3.1.1.2

E- Business

Hot ng thng mi s dng cc phng tin v cng ngh x l thng tin s ha Mua, bn, trao i hng ha/dch v/ thng tin.

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Dch v khch hng (customer service) Hp tc thit k v sn xut vi i tc (collaborative) o to t xa (e-learning) Giao dch in t ni b trong cng ty (intrabusiness)

3.1.2 Mt s khi nim EC (**) 3.1.2.1 M hnh ECL phng thc kinh doanh ca cng ty pht sinh li nhun cho cng ty. M hnh EC gii thch mt cng ty ng vai tr nh th no trong mt dy chuyn. Mt c im ca EC l c th to ra cc m hnh thng mi mi.

3.1.2.2

Th trng in t (Electronic Market)

Ngi bn v ngi mua gp nhau trc tuyn trao i hng ha, dch v, thng tin v tin t.

3.1.2.3

Sn giao dch

L mt loi c bit ca th trng in t. Gi c trong th trng c th qui nh v gi c c th thay i sao cho ph hp gia cung v cu.

3.1.2.4

Thanh ton in t

Thanh ton in t (Electronic payment) l vic thanh ton tin thng qua thng ip in t (Electronic Message) thay cho vic giao dch dng tin mt.V d: tr lng bng chuyn khon, tr tin mua hng bng th mua hng, th tn dng thc cht u l dng thanh ton in t.

3.1.2.5

Trao i d liu in t ti chnh

Financial Electronic Data Interchange gi tt l FEDI - chuyn phc v cho vic thanh ton in t gia cc cng ty giao dch in t vi nhau.

3.1.2.6

Tin mt Internet (Internet Cash)

L tin mt c mua t mt ni pht hnh (ngn hng hoc mt t chc tn dng no ), sau c chuyn i t do sang cc ng tin khc thng quan Internet, p dng cho phm vi mt nc cng nh gia cc quc gia vi nhau. Tt c u c

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thc hin bng k thut s ha. V th tin mt ny cn c tn gi l tin mt s ha (digital cash). Loi tin ny c cng ngh c th m bo c mi yu cu ca ngi bn v ngi mua theo lut quc t. Tin mt internet c ngi mua hng mua bng ng ni t, ri dng mng internet chuyn cho ngi bn hng. Thanh ton bng tin internet ang trn pht trin nhanh, n c u im ni bt sau: C th dng thanh ton nhng mn hng c gi tr nh, thm ch ngay c tin mua bo (v ph giao ch mua hng v chuyn tin rt thp khng ng k). Khng i hi phi c ngay mt qui ch c tha thun t trc, c th tin hnh gia 2 ngi hoc 2 cng ty bt k. Cc thanh ton l v danh. Tin mt nhn c m bo l tin tht, trnh c tin gi.

3.1.2.7

Ti tin in t (Electronic Purseb)

Cn gi l v tin in t l ni gi tin mt internet, ch yu th hin di dng th thng minh (Smart Card). Tin c tr cho bt k ai c c th . K thut ca ti tin in t tng t nh k thut p dng cho tin mt internet. Th thng minh nhn b ngoi nh th tn dng, ch khc l mt sau ca th, thay v di t th l mt chp my tnh in t c b nh lu tr tin c s ha. Tin ny ch c chi tr khi c th yu cu c xc nhn l ng.

3.1.2.8 Giao dch ngn hng s ha (digital banking), giao dch chng khon s ha (digital securities trading)Bao gm cc hnh thc sau: Thanh ton gia ngn hng vi khch hng qua in thoi, ti cc im bn l, cc kiot, giao dch c nhn ti cc gia nh, giao dch ti tr s khch hng, giao dch qua internet, chuyn tin in t, th tn dng, thng tin hi p... Thanh ton gia ngn hng vi cc i l thanh ton (nh hng, siu th...). Thanh ton ni b mt h thng ngn hng khc. Thanh ton gia h thng ngn hng ny vi h thng ngn hng khc.Ghi ch:

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(*), (**): Gio trnh Thng mi in t, L Th Nhn Ging vin Khoa CNTT, H KHTN

3.1.3 Khung hot ng

Hnh 3-1 Khung hot ng ca EC

C th tng tng khung hot ng ca EC ging nh mt ngi nh vi 3 phn c bn: 1. C s h tng EC (nn mng ngi nh): o (1): c s h tng c bn cho cc dch v kinh doanh thng thng, bao gm: vn bo mt, th thng minh, chng thc ngi dng v thanh ton in t. o (2): H tng v truyn v phn phi thng tin (EDI, email, chat...).

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o (3): H tng v truyn thng a phng tin v xut bn thng tin qua mng. o (4): Hng tng v mng (cc tng i, mng khng dy, mng internet...). o (5): H tng v giao din u cui (cc ng dng ca cc i tc kinh doanh v d liu ca chng. VD: Paypal cung cp cc hm API x l thanh ton trc tuyn). 2. H tr cho EC (ging nh phn tng ngi nh): Cc tc nhn sau ng vai tr rt quan trng trong hot ng ca EC: o Con ngi (ngi mua, ngi bn, trung gian...). o Lut l (cc lut ban hnh, cc qui nh, ngh nh ca nh nc, ca th gii...) o Tip th v qung co: nghin cu tip th, qung co v pht hnh ni dung qua web. o Dch v ph tr: hu cn, thanh ton, h qun tr ni dung v cc h thng bo mt. o i tc kinh doanh: c ng, hi vin, sn giao dch, siu th 3. Cc ng dng EC (ging nh nc ca ngi nh): cc ng dng trong lnh vc EC c phn chia trn nhiu lnh vc: o Tip th trc tip (Direct Marketing) o Tm vic (Search Jobs) o Ngn hng trc tuyn (Online Banking) o Chnh ph in t (E-government) o Qun l thu-mua (E-purchasing) o B2B Exchanges o C-Commerce

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o M-Commerce o u gi (Auctions) o Du lch (Travel) o Xut bn trc tuyn (Online Publishing) o Dch v chm sc khch hng

3.1.4 Cc thnh phn tham giaHnh v sau m t cc thnh phn tham gia trong EC:

Hnh 3-2 Cc thnh phn tham gia h thng EC

Ngun: L Th Nhn, Gio Trnh Thng Mi in t, Phng xut bn Khoa Hc T Nhin, 2006 Cc c quan ti chnh s tham gia vo qu trnh thanh ton in t.

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Chnh ph s tham gia vi vai tr iu tit v ban hnh cc qui nh, ngh nh lin quan. C quan hnh chnh: tip nhn v x l cc vn v php l. X nghip & cng ty: ni trc tip sn xut ra cc mt hng. Nh phn phi ng vi tr vn chuyn hng ha ti cc i l tiu th v ngi dng. Th gii kinh doanh thc t: ng vai tr nh mt i trng vi th gii kinh doanh o. Cho php ngi mua v ngi bn trong EC c th i chiu so snh cc gi tr thc ca mt hng sn phm, dch v vi nhau. Ca hng o th trng in t: l ni din ra cc hot ng mua bn trong EC. Cc hot ng ny u thng qua mi trng mng thc hin.

3.1.5 Phn loi EC 3.1.5.1 Phn loi theo m hnh thng miTrong phn ny, nhm thc hin xin trch dn mt s khi nim t Gio trnh Thng mi in t ca L Th Nhn ging vin khoa CNTT, H KHTN Tp H Ch Minh nh sau: 3.1.5.1.1 a ra gi ca bn cn M hnh kinh doanh ny cho php ngi mua a ra gi m ngi ng chi tr cho mt mt hng hay dch v no . V d in hnh cho m hnh hot ng ny l website www.priceline.com. Website ny tip nhn cc yu cu ca khch hng v so snh chng vi nhng dch v m cc nh cung cp c c vi gi ph hp vi yu cu . Ngi dng c th dng website www.priceline.com xc nh gi tr hng ha. 3.1.5.1.2 Tm gi tt nht Trong m hnh ny th khch hng cn xc nh r nhu cu ca mnh. Sau , cng ty s xc nh gi thp nht ca dch v v mt hng cn. Trang http://hotwire.com s dng m hnh ny: khch hng ghi li thng tin h cn, http://hotwire.com s i chiu cc thng tin ny vi thng tin trong c s d liu xc nh gi thp nht v gi cho khch hng. Khch hng c 30 pht quyt nh chp nhn hoc hy b yu cu.

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3.1.5.1.3 Mi gii Trong m hnh ny, nh cung cp dch v s dng cch thc mi t ng ngh khch hng mua hng. Cc gi bn c a ra v chnh sa, xem xt mt cch t ng. Khch hng khng cn nhp vo bt c thng tin g. Trang www.getthere.com chuyn cung cp cc dch v v mt hng du lch l mt v d. 3.1.5.1.4 Chi nhnh tip th y l mt t chc m ngi tip th (cc doanh nghip, cc t chc, hoc cc c nhn) hp tc vi cng ty chuyn khch hng n website ca cng ty mua mt hng hay dch v. Chi nhnh tip th c nhn t 3-15% hoa hng trn gi tr mt hng t mua. V d cho m hnh ny l http://amazon.com hay http://cattoys.com. 3.1.5.1.5 H thng ngh in t Phn ln ngi mua d l c nhn hay tp th lun lun mua hng ha thng qua h thng ngh. Hin nay, vic ngh c th thc hin trc tuyn gip tit kim thi gian v tin bc. 3.1.5.1.6 Bn u gi trc tuyn Ngoi trang ebay.com trang bn u gi ln nht th gii th cn c hng trm website thc hin bn u gi trc tuyn nh amazon.com, yahoo.com 3.1.5.1.7 Sn xut theo yu cu khch hng v c nhn ha y khng phi l mt m hnh mi trong EC. im ch ca m hnh ny l kh nng ch to hng ha theo yu cu khch hng nhng chi ph khng cao hn so vi hng ha sn xut hng lot l my. V d cng ty Dell hot ng sn xut theo m hnh ny.

3.1.5.2

Phn loi theo bn cht ca giao dch

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Hnh 3-3 Mi lin h gia cc loi hnh kinh doanh trong EC

Theo s trn ta thy, ba i tng tham gia vo qu trnh kinh doanh trong EC: khch hng (consumer), chnh ph (gorvernment) v nh kinh doanh (business) u c nhng loi hnh giao dch ni b trong mi loi i tng . VD: khc hng th c m hnh kinh doanh ni b l C2C, nh kinh doanh th c m hnh kinh doanh ni b l B2B, chnh ph th c m hnh kinh doanh ni b l G2G. Bn cnh , gia cc m hnh ni b th c nhng m hnh kinh doanh th hnh s lin h gia cc i tng vi nhau (mi i tng c mt m hnh kinh doanh (th hin mi quan h) vi i tng cn li). Chng hn, mi quan h th hin gia khch hng v nh kinh doanh l m hnh B2C, gia nh kinh doanh v chnh ph th c G2B, gia chnh ph v khch hng th c G2C.

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3.1.6 H thng EC

Hnh 3-4 H thng EC

Ngun: Electronic Commerce 2006, Efaim Turban. Nhn h thng EC trn c th nhn thy vai tr quan trng ca m hnh kinh doanh B2B. T hp B2B, b phn SCM (Supply Chain Management Qun l chui cung ng), b phn kinh doanh & bn hng, b phn tip th (Marketing) v b phn CRM (Customer Relatetionship Management Qun l mi quan h khch hng) to nn b khung cho ERP Qun l ngun nhn lc cho doanh nghip.

3.1.7 Thun li ca EC 3.1.7.1 i vi doanh nghip M rng th trng ni a v quc t Tng sc cnh tranh, lm bnh ng qu trnh cnh tranh gia nhng doanh nghip Gim chi ph lu tr, tm kim, phn phi, x l thng tin (trn giy)

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Ci thin qui trnh v t chc: o M hnh kinh doanh mi em li nhiu li nhun o Dy chuyn cung ng o Mi quan h vi khch hng M rng thi gian giao dch (24/7/365), khng gii hn khng gian v thi gian Cc doanh nghip tng tc vi nhau kp thi

3.1.7.2

i vi ngi dng (u cui)o C th truy cp ng dng mi lc mi ni o Lin lc, trao i thng tin lin lc v kinh nghim vi nhng nh tiu th khc

S thun tin:

Nhanh chng c c nhng thng tin cn thit v sn phm C nhiu chn la v gi c o Chn la v so snh nhiu hng ha t nhiu nh cung cp o Mua c cc hng ha hay dch v rt r

3.1.7.3

i vi x hi

Gim s i li Tng tiu chun cuc sng Mt s sn phm c th n c vi nhng ngi vng nng thn v cc nc ngho Nhng dch v cng nh chm sc sc khe, gio dc cng ng c phn b rng ri vi chi ph thp

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3.1.8 Hn ch ca EC 3.1.8.1 V mt cng ngh Cc chun v cht lng, bo mt, tin cy vn ang cn trong qu trnh pht trin. Bng thng (bandwidth) cha rng, c bit l m-commerce. Cc cng c pht trin phn mm EC cha n nh. Kh tch hp mng Internet v phn mm EC vo cc h thng c. Cn c nhng web server c th (tn nhiu tin). Vic truy cp Internet cn kh mc vi 1 s khch hng.

3.1.8.2

Cc hn ch khc

Chi ph pht trin EC cao (in-house). Lut v cc chnh sch cha r rng: o Kh thuyt phc khch hng v bo mt thng tin c nhn o Khch hng cha tin tng cc giao dch khng c chng t, giao dch khng gp g trc tip Khch hng thch nhn thy sn phm trc tip. Li, gian ln trong EC ngy mt nhiu.

3.1.9 Mt s vn cn lu 3.1.9.1 Bo mt trong EC

3.1.9.1.1 Mt s vn bo mt Khi tham gia vo thng mi in t ngha l h thng c kt ni vo mng ton cu. Do , h thng c th b tn cng bt c khi no nu khng c mt c ch bo mt cht ch.

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Ngoi ra thng tin c truyn trn internet rt kh kim sot v d tn cng t bn ngoi. V vy, cn c gii php bo mt m bo an ton thng tin trong qu trnh truyn d liu. Ngoi nhng vn bo mt c bn cho mt ng dng web nh chng la o trc tuyn (Phising), th rc (spam email)... th cc ng dng EC cn phi quan tm n cc vn bo mt sau: Authentication Chng thc ngi dng S y quyn thng qua mt m, th thng minh, ch k Authorization Chng thc quyn s dng Auditing Theo di hot ng Confidentiality (Privacy) Gi b mt ni dung thng tin o M ha thng tin trc khi truyn i qua Internet Integrity Ton vn thng tin Availability Kh nng sn sng p ng Nonrepudiation Khng th t chi trch nhim o S dng ch k in t

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3.1.9.1.2 Qui trnh bo mt

Hnh 3-5 Qui trnh bo mt trn mt h thng website thng thng

Ngun: Electronic Commerce 2006, Efaim Turban. Trn y l mt qui trnh bo mt c bn i vi mt ng dng trn website. Ty tnh cht tng loi ng dng m c nhng m hnh bo mt phc tp v bo mt hn. Nhn chung mt qui trnh bo mt c bn c nhng bc nh sau: 1. Bo mt gia my client v mi trng mng internet: chng thc ngi dng. 2. Bo mt trn mi trng mng internet: m ha d liu. 3. Bo mt pha server: chng thc ngi dng h thng, chng thc quyn hn. 4. Bo mt trn c s d liu: tnh ring t, tnh ton vn d liu. 3.1.9.1.3 Mt s loi tn cng Khng s dng chuyn mn o Li dng sc p, tm l nh la ngi dng v lm tn hi n mng my tnh. o Hnh thc: gi in thoi, gi mail, pht tn links. S dng chuyn mn o Cc phn mm, kin thc h thng, s thnh tho ca ngi tn cng.

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o Hnh thc: DoS, DDoS. Virus, worm, trojan horse. 3.1.9.1.4 Chng li tn cng

3.1.9.2

X l t ng

Cn phi ch n khu x l t ng cc thao tc lp i lp li tit kim thi gian v chi ph. Cn phn chia cng vic cn x l t ng thnh cc giai on x l sao cho ph hp. Cc giai on cn phi c lp, tun t v d dng trao i d liu gia cc giai on.

3.1.9.3

Thanh ton in t

Trong thng mi in t, vn thanh ton l rt quan trng. Do , cn phi c phng thc thanh ton ph hp, hiu qu, khch hng tin cy v hi lng vo phng thc thanh ton. ng thi cn phi bo mt ti a cc thng tin thanh ton ca khch hng. Hnh thc thanh ton cng ty thuc vo i tng thanh ton: hnh thc thanh ton gia c nhn c nhn s khc hnh thc thanh ton gia cng ty cng ty. Nhm th tin hnh tm hiu th mt s cch thc thanh ton in t s dng thanh ton trn website ca h: 3.1.9.3.1 Paypal Paypal l mt cng c thanh ton ph bin trn th gii hin nay. u im ln nht ca Paypal l n gin cho pha nh pht trin. Ch cn thm mt form theo qui c ca Paypal vo mn hnh thanh ton ca bn th mi chuyn coi nh xong. Khuyt im ln nht ca Paypal l cha h tr thanh ton nhiu loi tin trong c tin Vit, cha h tr thanh ton cho cc ti khon Vit Nam Cc bc c bn khi thanh ton bng Paypal: Bc 1: ng k ti khon trn Paypal. Mi ti khon c mt email i km. Bc 2: Login vo Paypal

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Bc 3: Nhp thng tin ti khon trn webiste mua hng, thng tin n hng s c chuyn qua trang paypal Bc 4: Chn nt nhn [Buy Now] thc hin thanh ton 3.1.9.3.2 OnLink OnLink l mt gii php thanh ton trc tuyn mi ra i ti Vit Nam vi mc tiu tr thnh Cng thanh ton in t c lng giao dch nhiu, cht lng v uy tn nht Vit Nam

Hnh 3- 6 Gii php thanh ton trc tuyn OnLink

M hnh gii php thanh ton trc tuyn ca OnLink:

Hnh 3-7 M hnh OnLink

Qui trnh thanh ton ca OnLink:

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Hnh 3-8 Qui trnh thanh ton ca OnLink

i tc chin lc trong vn k thut ca OnLink chnh l PaymenAsia

Hnh 3- 9 PaymentAsia

Mt cng ty hng u v lnh vc thanh ton in t ti Hng Kng. i tc ca PaymentAsia l nhng nh cung cp cc gii php thanh ton in t ni ting trn th gii: WorldPay (www.worldpay.com): cung cp gii php thanh ton trc tuyn trn ton th gii nh: M, Anh, c, Hng Kng, Singapore, c, Ty Ban Nha ePayLink (www.epaylink.com): cung cp gii php thanh ton trc tuyn gi cnh tranh trong khu vc Chu Thi Bnh Dng. Thawte (www.thawte.com): cung cp mt trong nhng gii php bo mt d liu trn internet hng u th gii. CompuSource (www.compusource.net): cng ty gii php thng mi in t hng u Trung Quc.

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CommuniLink (www.communilink.net): mt trong nhng cng ty hng u v gii php tn min, cho thu server, mail server Trung Quc. PaymentAsia ang h tr, cung cp gii php, phn mm cho OnLink trin khai h thng cng thanh ton in t cho th trng Vit Nam. Cc c tnh ni bt ca sn phm cng thanh ton ca PaymentAsia: Phn mm sn sng kt ni chp nhn cc loi th quc t nh: Visa, Mastercard, JCB, AMEX p dng cc gii php bo mt ca Visa (Verified by Visa) v Mastercard (SecureCode). p dng cc chnh sch v bo mt theo chun quc t trong giao dch thng mi in t trong cc quy trnh x l v truyn ti d liu: o 128 bit SSL ti tng mng (network). o 1024sbit RSA, 168sbit TriplesDES ti tng ng dng (application). Cc gi tr cng thm: tr tin nh k, qun l cc n hng t qua email, in thoi, fax H tr cc platform nh: Linux, Solaris, Windows n gin ha vic thit lp kt ni, khng cn phi nng cp phn cng, thi gian trin khai k thut cho cc merchant khng qu 1 tun. S dng chng trnh Administrator Tool gip merchant c th qun l d dng cc giao dch v thng k doanh s theo thi gian thc. Gip cc merchant m rng vic kinh doanh trn ton cu. H thng nh gi ri ro Fraud Away gip cc merchant nh gi, gim ti thiu cc ri ro khi kinh doanh thng mi in t.

Cc i tc khc ca OnLink:

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Hnh 3-10 i tc ca OnLink

Verisign: Cung cp gii php m ha, bo m tnh ton vn d liu trong giao dch thng mi in t ca OnLink theo cc tiu chun cao nht trn th gii hin nay. Cc gii php m ha, SSL Certificate c s dng ti OnLink do VeriSign xc thc. IBM: Cung cp v h tr k thut cho cc gii php v server, lu tr, backup d liu, dch v o ha cho trung tm tch hp d liu (datacenter) ca OnLink. Sun Microsystems: Cung cp v h tr k thut cc gii php v h thng my ch chuyn dng dnh cho c s d liu da trn nn b vi x l SPARC ni ting ca Sun Microsystems v h iu hnh Sun Solaris. Cisco: H thng h tng mng, tng la (firewall) ca OnLink c s dng hu ht ca Cisco m bo h thng hot ng lin tc vi n nh cao. WatchGuard: H thng tng la ca WatchGuard hot ng phi hp vi h thng tng la ca Cisco nhm cung cp kh nng bo mt tt nht cho cc giao dch thng mi in t khi qua cng thanh ton OnLink (OnLink Payment Gateway). APC: Cung cp gii php v h thng qun l ngun in, h thng lnh cho trung tm tch hp d liu ca OnLink. Cc ngn hng lin kt vi OnLink:

Hnh 3-11 Cc ngn hng lin kt vi OnLink

Cc khch hng ca OnLink:

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Hnh 3-12 Khch hng ang trin khai ca OnLink

3.1.9.3.3 PayNet Cng thanh ton trc tuyn PayNet cung cp h thng ti khon trc tuyn cho php cc ch ti khon c th t hng trc tuyn, yu cu thanh ton, chuyn khon, np tin, rt tin, vn tin, sao k, qun l giao dch, theo di lch s giao dch, n hng. Vic ng k tham gia cng ny c th thc hin qua mng hoc ti cc i l ca Paynet.

Hnh 3- 13 http://netcash.paynet.vn

Cc ti khon c th np tin bng cch mua th netCASH tr trc do Paynet pht hnh, np trc tip ti hn 2.000 i l ca Paynet hoc c th chuyn tin t ti khon ngn hng sang ti khon trn cng thanh ton ny. Ton b s tin np vo ti khon

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trn cng ny c qun l v lu k ti ngn hng trc khi chuyn cho ngi bn nhm bo v quyn li c bn mua v bn bn. 3.1.9.3.4 Google Checkout

Hnh 3- 14 Thanh ton n gin vi Google Checkout

Qui trnh thanh ton vi Google Checkout rt n gin: Bc 1: Tm kim sn phm thng qua Google Search Bc 2: Thm sn phm vo gi hng Bc 3: Thanh ton vi Google Checkout Mt s khch hng ca Google Checkout:

Hnh 3-15 Mt s khch hng ca Google Checkout

3.1.9.3.5 So snh gia Google Checkout v Paypal Google Checkout thc hin bng so snh sau vi i th ca h l Paypal:

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Tiu ch Khch hng

Paypal

Google Checkout

eBay v hng ngn nh bn Hng trm nh bn l bao l gm Buy.com Credit card, Debit card, hoc Bank account Credit hoc debit card

H tr thanh ton cc loi th Tnh quc t

55 quc gia v 6 loi tin t Hin ti ch c M v ch (EU, CA, pound, US, yen, s dng USD Australian) Khng C

n email ca bn t pha khch hng

Thanh ton dng peer-to- C peer Bo mt

Khng

SSL, k thut tng t dng SSL, p dng k thut trong ngn hng tng t ca ngn hng 100% cc giao dch c gi tr trn 50$ c bo v 100% cc giao dch c hiu lc giao dch trong vng 60 ngy c bo v 2% doanh thu cng vi 20 cent/giao dch Sn phm hp php, hng ha dnh cho ngi lp, cc sn phm truyn thng c bn quyn Khng

Chng gian ln

Ph s dng trn h thng ca bn Hng ha no c php thanh ton

1.9 n 2.9% doanh thu cng vi 30 cent/giao dch Sn phm hp php, hng ha dnh cho ngi ln, cc sn phm truyn thng c bn quyn C

Ph vn chuyn

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S lng ngi dng

Trn 100 triu

Trn 100 triu

3.2 Phn mm hng dch v(Saas)3.2.1 V d m u - Google DocsGoogle c th mnh v lnh vc ny. C th thy nhiu ng dng dng phn mm SaaS ca Google nh Google Docs, Google Apps, Gmail... Vi nhng ng dng ny ca Google, ngi s dng c th s dng min ph. Khi nhu cu pht trin ln th ngi s dng c th tr ph Google p ng nhu cu . V d: Hin ti Google c ng dng Google Apps for Education dnh cho lnh vc o to. Vi phn mm ny, cc t chc gio dc trn th gii c th nh Google lm nhiu th: t website, tin tc, email, vn bn. c bit l h c th s dng email vi ui email l tn min mnh c dng nh: [email protected]. Chng hn, bn hin gi ang s hu tn min: thptchonthanh.com.vn, sau khi ng k s dng dch v Google Apps for Education vi Google th bn hon ton c th to v s dng ti khon email min ph dng: [email protected] vi s lng email min ph ti 2000 account. Nu trng bn c nhiu hn 2000 account th bn vn c th to thm email account vi s lng ty . Tuy nhin, lc ny Google i hi bn phi ng mt khon ph nht nh. Th nhng, khon ph ny th nh v khng ng k vi mt t chc nh mt trng hc trn.

3.2.2 Th no l mt phn mm hng dch v?Cng ngh thng tin ngy cng ng vai tr quan trng trong x hi. T cc doanh nghip, cc n v , t chc n cc c nhn ring l u cn s dng phn mm phc v cho hot ng ca mnh. Tuy nhin trin khai mt phn mm l c mt vn i vi ngi dng. Vn chnh l chi ph v thi gian trin khai phn mm. Theo m hnh truyn thng, trin khai mt phn mm cn phi c cc giai on sau y:

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Xc nh yu cu h thng cn trin khai Thu mt cng ty t vn t vn v vn k thut Thu mt cng ty phn mm pht trin h thng Trin khai h thng Bo tr h thng Chnh v c qu nhiu giai on nn chi ph ca mt phn mm rt cao. Hn na thi gian pht trin phn mm ko di, c th ln n vi nm nu h thng ln. Sau khi h thng i vo hot ng doanh nghip phi tr tin thu nhn vin k thut, tin bn quyn phn mm duy tr h thng. y chnh l vn nan gii i vi doanh nghip, c bit l i vi cc doanh nghip va v nh.iu ny khin vic u t vo Cng ngh thng tin ca cc doanh nghip cn nhiu hn ch. Xu hng ca ngnh Cng ngh thng tin ngy nay l a tt c ln mi trng web nhm tm cch gim thiu chi ph u t vo phn mm cho ngi s dng. SaaS l mt hnh thc nh vy. SaaS l vit tt ca t Software as a Services, SaaS l mt khi nim v mt hnh thc phn phi phn mm mi. Vi hnh thc ny ngi dng khng phi tn nhiu thi gian v chi ph u t cho vic pht trin phn mm nh m hnh truyn thng na. Tt c c sn trn my ch ca nh cung cp dch v, ngi dng ch cn ng k vi nh cung cp l c th s dng c ngay m khng cn i hi v phn cng, phn mm i km, cng khng cn ci t trn my tnh ca mnh, my tnh ca ngi dng ch cn mt trnh duyt web kt ni ti ng dng trn server nh cung cp. (Software-asa-Service; A Comprehensive Look at the Total Cost of Ownership of Software Applications, September 2006) Thng thng cc phn mm Saas c p dng ch yu trong cc lnh vc nh: qun tr quan h khch hng(CRM), thng mi in t, ti chnh,

SaaS A revolutionary approach for building web applications

3.2.3 c trng ca phn mm hng dch vS dng qua mi trng mng, khng cn ci t trn my tnh ca khch hng(SaaS Software as a Service, Erica Brasher-Sims 5/22/2008)

Phm mm v d liu c lu tr trn my ch ca nh cung cp dch v.

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Thay v phi tr tin mt ln s hu phn mm vnh vin th khch hng c th tr ph nh s dng phn mm.( Software-as-a-Service; A Comprehensive Look at the Total Cost of Ownership of Software Applications, September 2006) Cc tnh nng ci tin c thc hin bi nh cung cp phn mm v ngi s dng hon ton khng phi tr thm ph cho nhng ci tin ny. Tt c nhng vn khc nh bo mt, duy tr h thng, nng cp tnh nng u do pha nh cung cp phn mm SaaS thc hin.( Software-as-a-Service; A Comprehensive Look at the Total Cost of Ownership of Software Applications, September 2006) Kin trc pht trin mt ln cho nhiu ngi dng (Single-instance, multi-tenant architecture): cc nh pht trin phn mm ch pht trin mt ng dng dng chung cho tt c ngi dng. (SaaS A revolutionary approach for building web applications, Wednesday, January 23, 2008)Do phn mm hng dch v ch c p dng ch yu trong cc lnh v phn mm c quy trnh nghip v r rang, mang tnh i chng nh qun tr quan h khch hng(CMR), thng mi in t(eCommerce), ti chnh (Finance),. (SaaS and BI - June 2008,Overview of OnDemand BI and Its Key Characteristics by Diby Malakar Published: June 1, 2008)

-

-

Khi nh cung cp cp nht tnh nng phn mm, ngi dng khng cn download v cp nht m vn nhn thy s cp nht .( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_as_a_service)

3.2.4 Phn bit phn mm hng dch v vi cc hnh thc phn phi phn mm khcC 4 hnh thc mt cng ty phn mm phn phi sn phm n khch hng o Cung cp dng m ngun m (Open Source): phn mm c cung cp min ph hoc c mt t ph ty theo nh cung cp, c th km theo l m ngun ngi dng c th tham gia pht trin phn mm. o Cung cp theo bn quyn (License software): ngi dng phi tr tin c s hu phn mm. y l cch phn phi phn mm ph bin hin nay. o Cung cp di dng phn mm cho thu(Leased Software) o Cung cp di dng phn mm hng dch v( Software As a Service): o ngi s dng ch cn ng k vi nh cung cp v s dng, khng cn phi ci t phn mm trn my tnh ca mnh.

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o S dng thng qua mi trng mng. Vi 3 hnh thc phn phi u(Open Source, License software, Leased Software) c mt c im chung l phn mm chy c th phn mm phi c ci t trn my tnh ca ngi dng, tt c d liu u c lu tr trn my tnh ca ngi dng, nhng vi hnh thc th 4(Saas) th khng cn ci t phn mm trn my tnh ca ngi dng, phn mm v d liu c lu tr trn my ch ca nh cung cp. Ngi dng ch cn c trnh duyt web l s dng c phn mm.

3.2.5 Nhng thun li ca phn mm hng dch v 3.2.5.1 Chi ph trin khai thp, thi gian trin khai nhanhChi ph khi to thp. Ty thuc v tnh nng yu cu v s lng ngi dng m c cch tnh ph khc nhau.y chnh l li im d thy nht ca ng dng SaaS. Thay v bn phi b mt ni tin ra mua c mt h thng khng l ch s dng v tnh nng ca chng th gi y bn c th tit kim chi ph kiu . Bn cng khng phi tn nhiu cho vic trin khai, chi cn mt thao tc ng k n gin vi nh cung cp dch v l bn c ngay phn mm s dng.

3.2.5.2

Khng cn nhiu s h tr k thut

Thay v bn phi b tin thu nhn vin k thut duy tr h thng ca mnh th by gi cc nh cung cp ng dng SaaS lm thay bn tt c. Hu nh bn khng phi ng chm g n vn k thut. Chnh v th chi ph thu nhn vin k thut gim ng k.

3.2.5.3

Nng cp chng trnh m khng tn thm chi ph

Thng thng nhng nh cung cp ng dng SaaS lun tin hnh m rng tnh nng ng dng ca h. V th, khch hng cng c hng li t vic ny m khng phi tr thm mt ng chi ph no c.

3.2.5.4

Truy cp khng gii hn khng gian v thi gian

Bn c th truy cp ng dng SaaS bt c u, bt c ni min l ni c kt ni internet. y cng l mt li im khng h nh ca cc ng dng SaaS. Chnh kh nng ny mang li cho nhng ng dng SaaS c nhiu c hi trong tng lai.

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3.2.6 So snh m hnh phn mm SaaS v phn mm truyn thng

Hnh 3-16. M hnh hot ng ca ng dng SaaS

Da trn m hnh ca SaaS, ta c th thy r u im ca SaaS i vi cc m hnh phn mm truyn thng chnh l vic SaaS c th chy thng qua mi trng mng internet v a ngi dng. Chnh v th nn SaaS c nhiu li th hn so vi cc phn mm truyn thng trc y: Gim thiu chi ph trin khai ng dng Gim thiu chi ph bo tr, nng cp h thng. H thng s ch cn nng cp mt ln trn my ch ca ng dng v theo , ngi dng s c s dng min ph nhng tnh nng mi nng cp ca h thng. Chia s thng tin tc th ( real-time) gia nhng doanh nghip trong cng mt cng ng. Tng li nhun cho c pha nh cung cp v pha ngi dng s dng dch v.

3.2.7 Kh khn ca phn mm SaaSi km vi nhng thun li l nhng kh khn khng nh khi p dng m hnh phn mm ny:

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3.2.7.1

i vi ngi dng(doanh nghip, t chc, c nhn)

V phn mm chy thng qua mi trng mng internet nn ng truyn ng dng phi bo m yu cu k thut cao v dn n chi ph cao cho phn c s vt cht. Tt c mi thng tin ca khch hng u c lu tr trn server ca nh cung cp dch v, do vic bo m an ton thng tin l mt vn ln. Phn mm SaaS kh p ng v y quy trnh nghip v ca tng khch hng c th. Do khch hng kh ty bin ng dng theo ring ca mnh.

3.2.7.2

i vi nh cung cp dch v

Vn bo mt thng tin cho nhng ng dng SaaS l quan tm hng u. V th, tm kim c mt gii php bo mt ph hp l mt vn kh khn. Do h thng phc v a ngi dng nn yu cu nh cung cp phi lun i mi, nng cp h thng nhm p ng yu cu ca khch hng.

3.2.7.3

Vn bo mt

Nh ni trn, vn bo mt trong ng dng TMT ni chung v TMT theo m hnh SaaS ni ring lun c t ln hng u. Vn bo mt thng tin lin quan trc tip n lng tin ca ngi tiu dng, ca khch hng tim nng. m bo v bo mt cng chng t c kh nng ca nh cung cp vi khch hng ca mnh. Nhn chung vic m bo cho ng dng web ni chung c nhng kha cnh sau: 1. Ngi dng: ngi dng u cui ca website. Phi c c ch xc nh ngi dng u cui l ai trc khi cho php h thao tc trn nhng vng thng tin nhy cm. Vn chng thc ngi dng phi lun c trong cc ng dng TMT. 2. Nh pht trin. Cc nh pht trin cng l mt nhn t quan trng trong vic bo mt ng dng. H cn tm hiu nhng kin thc c bn v bo mt, v cc cch tn cng v phng chng tn cng. C vy, ng dng do h xy dng nn mi m bo v kh nng bo mt thng tin.

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3. C s vt cht. Server lu tr ng dng cng l mt lu quan trng. C mt s ng dng bo mt tt nhng t trn server c cu hnh bo mt km th cng tr thnh nn nhn ca hacker. 4. Chnh sch php l ca nh nc, c quan c ch quyn. Cn phi c chnh sch php l thch hp rn e nhng k ph hoi.

3.2.7.4

Vn bo m truy cp ng thi

c tnh ca phn mm SaaS l a ngi dng tc ng dng c nhiu ngi dng truy cp mt lc. V vy phi c c ch m bo truy vn ca ngi dng s c p ng kp thi v nhanh chng. Thng th yu cu v kh nng truy cp ng thi lin quan phn nhiu n thit b phn cng c th l server lu tr ng dng trn mng. Nu server yu th kh nng ng dng b treo vo mt thi im no l rt c th xy ra. K n phi k n phng php thit k v pht trin ng dng. Cc cng ngh v phng php pht trin c ti u hay cha, vic pht trin ng dng c thng qua mt qui trnh kim tra cht ch v cht lng no hay khng? Nu lm tt vn ny th kh nng cho ra i mt sn phm TMT theo m hnh SaaS phc v a truy cp ngi dng cng lc l hon ton c th p ng.

Chng 4 PHN TCH THIT KDa trn yu cu bi ton v bng tnh nng, chng ny s cung cp ti liu phn tch thit k h thng chi tit hn. Mc tiu ca chng ny: M hnh tng quan h thng M t li h thng vi vai tr l ngi pht trin ng dng a ra cu trc database & lc c s d liu M t cc thuc tnh ca cc bng c s d liu a danh sch Actor & danh sch Use-case M t cc Use-case

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a ra thit k lp x l & lung x l ca chng trnh

4.1 Yu cu thit kThit k mt h thng SaaSSystem tha nhng yu cu sau: 1. Thit k mt h thng TMT cho php nhiu ngi dng cng truy cp v s dng qua mng. 2. H thng thit k phi c y tnh nng ca mt h thng TMT c bn. 3. H thng c xy dng phi p ng kh nng truy cp nhanh, n nh v chu li cao. 4. H thng phi c bo mt thng tin cao. 5. H thng phi bo m s d dng trong cp nht v bo tr h thng. 6. H thng phi c thit k v xy dng trn nn tng cng ngh tin tin, c kh nng nng cp m rng v sau m khng nh hng n chng trnh hin ti.

4.2 Phng php thit k v mi trng pht trinDa trn yu cu thit k c bn trn, nhm a ra phng php thit k v mi trng pht trin nh sau:

4.2.1 M hnh 3 lpH thng c pht trin theo m hnh 3 lp (3-layers). M hnh 3 lp l m hnh pht trin phn mm c p dng ph bin hin nay. Kin trc ca m hnh 3 lp nh sau:

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Hnh 4-17 Tng quan m hnh 3 lp

M hnh 3 lp s c chia thnh 3 lp (lp y c hiu theo ngha l layer ch khng phi l class) x l tng ng nh sau: (1): Lp giao din ( Presentation Layer): y chnh l lp nm trn cng, nhim v ca lp ny ch l x l v giao din, hin th giao din cho ngi dng, nhn cc thng tin t giao din v chuyn giao cho lp x l nghip v. Lp ny ch c php giao tip vi lp x l nghip v (2), khng c php giao tip vi lp x l c s d liu (3) (2): Lp x l nghip v (Business Layer): lm nhim v x l logic cho cc i tng do lp giao din gi xung, hoc chuyn i d liu th ly t lp x l c s d liu (3) thnh d liu c y ngha. V d: trong c s d liu c trng [Sex] kiu chui l [0-Male], [1- Female]. Lc ny d liu th ly t lp x l d liu s l

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gi tr 0 hoc 1. Nhng phi quan nim rng cc i tng c x l lp giao din khng bit c [Sex] l 0 hoc 1 m gi tr ng phi l [Male] hoc [Female]. Khi d liu th t lp x l d liu s c tng logic chuyn thnh [Male] hoc [Female].y chnh l d liu mang y ngha ca i tng.C th xem lp x l nghip v l cu ni gia lp x l d liu v lp x l giao din. (3) Lp x l d liu (Data Access Layer): y l lp lm nhim v giao tip trc tip vi c s d liu nh thc hin cc cu truy vn: thm, xa, sa, ly d liu tr v. M ngun ca chng trnh c t chc nh hnh minh ha sau y:

Nu nh x sang m hnh 3 lp th ta c tng ng: D n BussinessLogic thuc lp x l nghip v. D n Database thuc tng x l d liu. D n SaasService v SaasSystem thuc tng x l giao din.

Mi i tng qun l trong h thng s c nh x trong d n BussinessObject thnh 3 i tng theo quy tc sau: ObjectName, ObjectNameCondition, ObjectNameResult. V d: i tng danh mc sn phm (Category) s c nh x tng ng thnh 3 i tng l: Category, CategoryCondition, CategoryResult. Cc i tng ny ln lt c nh ngha trong 3 tp tin tng ng l Category.cs, CategoryCondition.cs, CategoryResult.cs. Tng t s c cc i tng User, UserConditon, UserResult Trong : ObjectName: i tng chuyn nhn thng tin. Cc thuc tnh ca i tng ny ny s c nh x theo quy tc 1-1 t bng d liu trong c s d liu ra. i tng ny ch dng cho vic thm, cp nht d liu vo c s d liu.

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ObjectCondition: i tng tm kim. Thng thng i tng ObjectCondition s c t thuc tnh hn so vi i tng ObjectName (v khng phi thuc tnh no ca i tng cng dng lm tiu ch tm kim). ObjectResult: i tng tr v. Thng thng i tng ObjectResult s c nhiu thuc tnh hn so vi i tng ObjectName. (v khi tr v th c th c nhiu thuc tnh khc nh thuc tnh tnh ton, thuc tnh suy ra, thuc tnh lin h, tham chiu )

4.2.2 ch li ca m hnh 3 lpVic p dng m hnh 3 lp c nhng ch li sau: M ngun sng sa, mch lc, r rng. iu ny to thun li cho vic tip cn v kim sot m ngun chng trnh. D bo tr, nng cp, m rng v sau. S dng li m ngun i vi cc d n c cng mc ch. D kim li chng trnh.

4.2.3 Mi trng pht trinPhn mm hng dch v hot ng qua mng internet v s tp trung tt c d liu khch hng trn server ca nh cung cp, do vn tc x l v an ton, bo mt d liu phi c t ln hng u. La chn mi trng pht trin thch hp bo m gii quyt tt nht vn trn ng thi gip nh pht trin d dng trong vic pht trin m rng ng dng sau ny cng l mt vn quan trng. Mi trng c nhm la chn l: H iu hnh Window Server 2003/XP Ngn ng lp trnh ASP.NET(C#) l ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng ph bin trn nn .NET hin nay. C s d liu: SQL Server 2000 l c s d liu n nh, tc x l nhanh, h tr giao tc, stored procedure, function v trigger gip tng tc x l v an ton d liu hn.

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Mi trng pht trin: Visual Studio 2005 vi cc cng c lp trnh giao din ko th - cho php pht trin ng dng nhanh chng hn.

4.3 Thit k h thng4.3.1 S tng quan h thngS tng quan v h thng SaaSSystem c m t nh hnh v bn di:

Hnh 4-18 Tng quan h thng SaaSSytem vi 3 loi i tng ngi dng chnh

Trong :

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(1): Server lu tru thng tin ca h thng bao gm c s d liu v m ngun ng dng. Cc ti nguyn lin quan ca ngi dng trong qu trnh s dng u c lu tr trn server ny. Nh vy y chnh l im khc bit ca ng dng SaaS so vi cc loi ng dng khc. Vi cc ng dng thng mi in t thng thng, bn phi c mt server ring cho website ca bn nu l website c lu lng thng tin ln. Cn khng bn cng phi thu mt gi hosting ca mt nh cung cp no . V nh vy, cc ng dng ca cc website thng mi truyn thng thng c lu tr ti cc server khc nhau. Ngc li vi iu ny, cc website thnh vin ca h thng SaaSSystem s lu tr trn cng mt server. Cch lu tr ny va tit kim c chi ph va d dng trong vn nng cp bo tr. Bn ch cn nng cp phn mm ca mnh trn server th cc ng dng website ca khch hng s c nng cp ng lot theo . (2): ng dng SaaSSystem. ng dng ny c chc nng cho php ngi dng ng k v sau s c mt website cho ring mnh vi dng ng dn: www.yourdomain/username. Bn hon ton c th ng k mt domain khc tr v ng dn trn trong trng hp bn mun khch hng ca bn d dng truy cp ti website ca bn hn. (3): i tng khch hng ca h thng SaaSSystem trong ti liu ny c cp di tn gi SaaSCustomer. y l i tng va ng vai tr l khch hng ca h thng SaaSSystem li va ng vai tr l ngi qun tr h thng ca website ca chnh h. (4): H thng cc website thnh vin. Mi website ny u c khch hng ring, sn phm ring, danh mc sn phm ring v mt s thng tin c nhn khc. V c bn cc giao din ca cc website thnh vin ny l ging nhau v b cc. (y cng l mt im cn ci tin trong hng pht trin v sau ca ng dng) (5): i tng khch hng u cui (m trong ti liu ny c cp ti di tn gi ClientCustomer). i tng khch hng ny s trc tip giao dch, mua bn vi SaaSCustomer.

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4.3.2 Ngi dng v chc nng ca h thng 4.3.2.1 Ngi dng h thngV l thuyt, h thng cho php phn cp ngi dng trong tng phn h ngi dng (cc cp ngi dng: qun tr h thng, nhp liu, iu hnh vin, khch hng). Tuy nhin, n gin trong x l, trong ng dng ch mnh ha v a ra 3 loi ngi dng tng ng trong 2 phn h nh sau: 4.3.2.1.1 Ngi dng trn h thng cha Gm 2 loi i tng ngi dng nh sau: 1. Qun tr h thng (SaaSAdmin): qun tr h thng SaaSSystem. Thc hin thm/xa/sa thng tin khch hng, cu hnh h thng. 2. Khch hng (SaaSCustomer): l ngi dng ng k ti khon trn h thng SaaSSystem. Khi ngi dng ng k ti khon thnh cng, th ngi dng s c mt website ring ca mnh vi ng dn nh sau: http://yourdomain/username/. Mi website ring ny s c y cc tnh nng c bn ca mt website TMT nh: h thng danh mc sn phm, thng tin sn phm, gi hng, t hng, thanh ton, lin h... Sau khi ng k thnh cng, ngi dng c th thc hin qun tr cho h thng ca mnh nh: to danh mc sn phm, thm/xa/sa sn phm cho mt danh mc, xem n hng, xem danh sch khch hng, xem thng k doanh s, cu hnh h thng... 4.3.2.1.2 Ngi dng trn h thng con 1. Qun tr h thng (chnh l SaaSCustomer trn): khi ngi dng ng nhp vi ti khon ca mnh trn h thng cha th s c php chnh sa thng tin ca mnh, xem danh mc sn phm, danh sch n hng v danh sch khch hng ca mnh. 2. Khch hng (ClientCustomer): i tng ngi dng u cui. y chnh l khch hng mua bn sn phm trn mt h thng con. Vi i tng khch hng ny, khi ng k ti khon trn h thng webiste con, khch hng c th mua hng, t hng v chnh sa thng tin ti khon ca mnh.

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4.3.2.2

Chc nng h thng

4.3.2.2.1 Yu cu chc nng: Sau khi ng k thnh vin thnh cng trn h thng SaaSSystem, thnh vin s c mt website thng mi in t vi y cc tnh nng sau: Qun l ngi dng Qun l ng k/ng nhp Qun l danh mc Qun l sn phm Qun l ha n Qun l thanh ton Qun l tin tc Qun menu Qun l banner Thay i thng tin Cu hnh h thng 4.3.2.2.2 Yu cu phi chc nng: Bn cnh nhng yu cu chc nng trn, h thng cn phi bo m nhng yu cu phi chc nng sau: H thng phi bo m tc truy cp nhanh, n nh v bo m truy cp cng lc nhiu ngi. Bo mt thng tin lu tr Tnh thm m, tnh hiu qu cao v nht qun trong giao din.

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4.3.3 Danh sch cc Actor n gin trong qu trnh x l nhng vn th hin uc t tng ca mt chng trnh SaaS, h thng hin thi c 3 Actor STT 1 Tn Actor SaaSAdmin M t Qun tr h thng SaaSSystem. C th thm, xa, sa ti khan SaaSCustomer v cp nht thng tin cu hnh h thng. L khch hng ca h thng SaaSSystem nhng ng thi cng ng vai tr qun tr h thng cho chnh h thng ca h. Vi vai tr ca mnh, SaaSCustomer c th thm, xa ti khon ClientSaaSCustomer v cu hnh mt s gi tr cho h thng ca mnh.

2

SaaSCustomer

3

ClientSaaSCustomer L khch hng ca mi h thng ca ngi dng SaaSCustomer trn. ng vai l ngi dng u cui ca h thng. Cc h thng khc Cc h thng s dng Web services ca SaaSSystem.

4

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4.3.4 Use - case cho i tng SaaSAdmin 4.3.4.1 Danh sch cc Use-case

Hnh 4-19 S tng quan cc use-case ca i tng SaaSAdmin

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Xem thng tin khch hng

uses Kch hot tai khoan khach hang uses

extends

uses

extends

ng nhp uses B kch hot ti khon khch hng extends

uses Ngi dng h thng

extends

inherits

Xa khch hng

Qun tr h thng

Hnh 4-20 Chi tit use-case Qun l khch hng

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Thm ngi dng

uses

Xem thng tin ngi dng

extends

uses uses

extends Cp nht thng tin ngi dng extends uses ng nhp

uses

extends

uses Qun tr h thng

Xa ngi dng

uses

Phn quyn s dng cho ngi dng

Hnh 4-21 Chi tit use-case Qun l ngi dng

Qun tr h thng sau khi ng nhp h thng s c lm nhng thao tc sau trn phn h Qun l ngi dng: 1. Thm mi ngi dng 2. Cp nht thng tin ngi dng 3. Xa ngi dng 4. Phn quyn cho ngi dng Tt c cc thao tc ny c thc hin sau khi thao tc ng nhp h thng.

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4.3.4.2STT 1

M t Use-case ngha/Ghi ch Kim tra v xc thc ngi dng trn h thng SaaSSystem. ng nhp ny l ng nhp backend h thng, ch c i tng SaaSAdmin v SaaSCustomer mi c quyn ng nhp ny. Thot ra khi mn hnh qun tr h thng. Cho php ngi dng tm li c mt khu trong trng hp h khng nh mt khu. Mt khu mi s c gi qua email khi ngi dng ng k. Cho php ngi dng thay i mt khu hin ti ca mnh. Cho php i tng ngi dng l SaaSAdmin hoc SaaSCustomer c th thay i mt s thng s cu hnh h thng ca h. VD: SaaSAdmin c th thay i s ngy tng ng vi tng loi ng k: Demo, 3 thng, 6 thng... SaaSCustomer c th thay i: email h thng, ngy gi s dng... Cho php thm, xa, sa cc phng thc thanh ton. Trong chng trnh, n gin, th cc phng thc thanh ton tm thi c nh. Qun l khch hng (SaaSCustomer): thm, xa mt ti khon khch hng.

Tn Use-case ng nhp

2 3

ng xut Phc hi mt khu

Thay i mt khu Cu hnh h thng

Qun l phng thc thanh tan Qun l khch hng

Qun l nhm ngi dng Ngi dng trn tng h thng s c phn chi thnh cc nhm ngi dng. n gin trong x l, chng trnh hin ti c nh 3 nhm ngi dng (tng ng 3 actor ca h thng: SaaSAdmin, SaaSCustomer, ClientSaaSCustomer). Qun tr h thng hin ti ch c th sa thng tin tn ca cc nhm ny.

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Qun l ngi dng h thng Phn quyn

Qun l ngui dng trn h thng SaaSSystem. Chia s quyn qun tr h thng Chng trnh lm phn quyn trn nhm ngi dng.

4.3.5 Use case cho i tng SaaSCustomer 4.3.5.1 Danh sch cc Use-case

Hnh 4-22 Danh sch use-case cho i tng SaaSCustomer

Cc chc nng chnh ca i tng ngi dng SaaSCustomer trn h thng: 1. ng xut/ng nhp h thng 2. Phc hi mt khu: mt khu b mt hoc qun s c h thng gi li qua email.

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3. Thay i thng tin c nhn: thay i mt s thng tin c nhn ngi dng. 4. Qun l danh mc sn phm/dch v: thm, xa, sa danh mc. 5. Qun l danh sch sn phm/dch v: thm, xa, sa sn phm, dch v. 6. Qun l n hng: xem danh sch n hng, chi tit n hng, doanh thu. 7. Qun l banner: thm mi banner (tri, phi, trn, di), xa v cp nht banner. 8. Qun l tin tc: to tin mi, cp nht v xa tin. 9. Qun l menu: thm menu, xa v sa thng tin menu. 10. Cu hnh h thng: cu hnh mt s thng tin h thng: email h thng, Tn website, banner, logo

Hnh 4-23 Qun l khch hng

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Hnh 4-24 Qun l sn phm

Hnh 4-25 Qun l danh mc sn phm

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Hnh 4-26 Qun l n hng

Hnh 4-27 Qun l banner

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Hnh 4-28 Qun l tin tc

Hnh 4-29 Qun l menu

4.3.5.2STT 1

M t cc Use-case ngha/Ghi ch ng k mt ngi dng (SaaSCustomer) ti h thng SaaSSystem

Tn Use-case ng k

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2

ng nhp

Kim tra v xc thc ngi dng trn h thng SaaSSystem. ng nhp ny l ng nhp backend h thng, ch c i tng SaaSAdmin v SaaSCustomer mi c quyn ng nhp ny. Thot ra khi mn hnh qun tr h thng. Cho php ngi dng tm li c mt khu trong trng hp h khng nh mt khu. Mt khu mi s c gi qua email khi ngi dng ng k. Cho php ngi dng thay i mt khu hin ti ca mnh. Cho php SaaSCustomer c th thay i giao din p dng cho website ca mnh. Cc mu giao din ny c c nh sn bi SaaSAdmin Qun l danh sch khch hng (ClientCustomer), kch hot hay ngng kch hot khch hng s dng website. Cho php SaaSCustomer c th thm ty danh mc sn phm. Hin ti h thng mi h tr 2 cp danh mc. Cho php thm sn phm bt k vo danh mc bt k. Khi cn, ngui dng c th xa, sa sn phm. C th chn sn phm lin quan khi hin th sn phm no . Cho php chn phng thc thanh ton i vi h thng ca mnh. Cc phng thc thanh ton ny c qun l bi SaaSAdmin. Cho php SaaSCustomer c th cu hnh mt s

3 4

ng xut Phc hi mt khu

5

Thay i mt khu

6

Chn giao din

7

Qun l khch hng

8

Qun l danh mc sn phm

9

Qun l sn phm

10

Chn phng thc thanh ton

11

Cu hnh h thng

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thng tin v h thng: tn website, logo v cc thng tin khc.

4.3.6 Use-case cho i tng ClientCustomer 4.3.6.1 Danh sch cc use-case

Hnh 4-30 Danh sch use-case cho i tong ClientCustomer

4.3.6.2STT 1

M t cc use-case ngha/Ghi ch ng k mt ngi dng (ClientCustomer) trn website thnh vin (SaaSCustomer)

Tn Use-case ng k

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2 3 4

ng nhp ng xut Phc hi mt khu

Kim tra v xc thc ngi dng trn website thnh vin. Thot ra khi phin lm vic trn website thnh vin. Cho php ngi dng tm li c mt khu trong trng hp h khng nh mt khu. Mt khu mi s c gi qua email khi ngi dng ng k. Cho php ngi dng thay i mt khu hin ti ca mnh. Cho php tm kim sn phm theo nhiu tiu ch khc nhau. Xem thng tin chi tit v mt mt hng no nh gi c, thng s k thut, s lng hin ti trong kho, s ln xem, cc nhn xt, nh gi... Thm, xa, sa thng tin gi hng Thc hin t hng v thanh ton ha n Xem tin tc cp nht trn site

5 6 7

Thay i mt khu Tm kim sn phm Xem thng tin sn phm

8 9 10

Qun l gi hng Qun l t hng Xem tin tc

4.4 Thit k database4.4.1 Lc c s d liuDa vo cc yu cu chc nng ca h thng, nhm thc hin phn tch v a ra lc c s d liu nh bn di y:

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Hnh 4-31 Lc c s d liu

Cc i tng ngi dng trn h thng (SaaSAdmin, SaaSCustomer, ClientCustomer ) u lu chung thng tin trn bng d liu User. Cc i tng ny c phn bit

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vi nhau bi GroupId m nhm ngi dng. Trn l thuyt, qun tr h thng c th to ra cc nhm ngi dng v phn quyn cho nhm ngi dng . Tuy nhin n gin, hin ti nhm thc hin s c nh 3 nhm ngi dng: SaaSAdmin qun tr h thng cha (SaaSSystem), SaaSCustomer qun tr h thng con v ClientCustomer khch hng h thng con ng vai tr ngi dng u cui.

4.4.2 Danh sch cc bng c s d liuSTT Tn bng Phn h sn phm danh mc sn phm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Category Products ProductsType Order OrderDetail Customer Payment BankCard Phn h ngi dng 9 10 CutomerUserBankCard UserGroup Lu thng tin s dng th ngn hng ca ngui dng (khch hng u cui) Lu thng tin nhm ngi dng. n gin, hin ti chng trnh c nh 3 nhm ngi dng: SaaSAdmin, SaaSCustomer, ClientCustomer. Lu thng tin chung v ngui dng trn cc h thng: SaaSSystem v cc website ca SaaSUser Lu tr danh mc hng ha, sn phm, dch v Lu tr thng tin sn phm Lu thng tin loi sn phm nh sn phm khuyn mi, sn phm mi, sn phm bnh thng. Lu tr thng tin t hng Lu tr chi tit thng tin t hng Lu tr thng tin khch hng Lu tr thng tin cc phng thc thanh tan Lu thng tin ti khan ngn hng ca khch hng ngha

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User

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Phn quyn ngi dng 12 13 14 15 16 GroupUserFunction Function Module Screen FunctionInScreen Cho bit nhm no uc quyn dng chc nng g Lu thng tin chc nng ca chng trnh Thng tin cc phn h h thng Lu thng tin v cc mn hnh. Mt module c th c nhiu mn hnh lm vic Lu thng tin tnh nng trong mt mn hnh. VD: Trong mn hnh sn phm c cc tnh nng sau: Cp nht sn phm, Thm mi sn phm, Xa sn phm. Lu thng tin v giao din ca ngi dng (SaaSCustomer) Loi ng k bao gm: demo, 3 thng, 6 thng, 1 nm.

17 18

Template TypeRegister

Phn h khc: banner qung co, tin tc, menu 19 Banners Lu thng tin banner qung co ca ngi dng. Mi SaaSCustomer s qun l phn banner ca mnh ring Lu thng tin tin tc. Mi SaaSCustomer s qun l phn banner ca mnh ring. Hin ti, n gin, chng trnh gi gn phn tin tc lm 4 dng (khng chia danh mc tin): top, right, left, bottom. Lu thng tin menu. Hin ti c 4 dng menu: top, left, right, bottom. Lu cc thng s cu hnh cho tng thnh vin h thng cha (SaaSCustomer) nh logo, banner, email

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Content

21 22

Menu Config

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4.5 Thit k x l4.5.1 Gii quyt vn ng dn ti website thnh vin k thut URL FriendlyYu cu c bn ca h thng SaasSystem l phi bo m cc website thnh vin( website m khch hng c c sau khi ng k) hot ng c lp nhau, mi website s c giao din ring, danh mc ring, sn phm ring, khch hng ring. ng thi ngi dng trn h thng SaasSystem vn c th qun l c thng tin ca tt c cc webiste thnh vin. ng dn ca website thnh vin phi tun theo nguyn tc sau: http://SaasSystemDomain/username/. Trong SaasSystemDomain chnh l domain ca h thng SaasSystem, username chnh l username ca ngi dng ng k trn SaasSystem, dng phn bit gia cc website thnh vin vi nhau C 2 cch tip cn gii quyt vn ny Cch 1: Qun l theo th mc. Khi mt khch hng ng k 1 ti khon trn h thng SaasSystem th h thng SaaSSystem s pht sinh m ngun cho khch hng ny vo mt th mc, c ngha l mi trang thnh vin s c 1 th mc ring. Khi truy cp ti website thnh vin no ta ch cn g ng ng dn n th mc ca website thnh vin l c. V d: nu ng nhp vi user name l customer1 th SaasSystem s to 1 th mc l customer1 trn server, truy cp ti webiste thnh vin ny ta ch cn g: http://SaasSystemDomain/customer1/ Cch 2: S dng k thut URL Friendly. Dng k thut ny nh x tn ngi dng v ng dn n website ngi dng . Vi cch lm ny, kt qu s l kt qu ca cch 1. Tuy nhin s khng c th mc ngi dng no c to ring. K thut URL Friendly gip ta thay th mt ng dn dng: http://SaasSystemDomain?user=customer1 thnh ng dn dng: http://SaasSystemDomain/customer1. Nu lm theo cch 1 s c mt s kh khn sau y:

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Nu s lng webiste thnh vin nhiu th cch mt khng kh thi. L do: s lng th mc to ra trong mt th mc con l gii hn. V con s ny s t n gii hn khi s thnh vin tng theo ngy thng.

Vn qun l th mc ngi dng s gp nhiu kh khn do s lng th mc con trong th mc gc qu nhiu. Tuy nhin cch 1 cng c u im ca n: chnh l vic phn chia c lp nh vy th khi mt ng dng ca website thnh vin no b s c s t gy nh hng ti cc website thnh vin khc. Nhm chn cch 2 thc hin. Nu lm theo cch 2 th khng cn phi quan tm n nhng kh khn gp phi do cch 1 gy ra trn.

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4.5.2 S lp

Hnh 4-32 Tng quan v cc lp trong h thng SaaSSystem

Theo s trn, h thng s gm c 3 i tng ngi dng sau: SaasAdmin l i tng c vai tr qun tr h thng SaasSystem.

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SaasCustomer l khch hng ca h thng SaasSystem, mi khch hng s c mt website thnh vin tng ng vi ti khon ng k trn h thng SaasSystem. ClientCustomer ng vai tr l khch hng trn tng website thnh vin c th. Mi website thnh vin c th s c nhng i tng sau( tham kho s m t c th hnh 4-17, 4-18): o Danh mc sn phm(Category) o Sn phm( Product) o Danh mc n hng( Order) o Khch hng (ClientCustomer) o Menu o Tin tc(Content) o Loi ng k trn h thng SaasSystem(TypeRegister) o Banner qung co(Banner) o Thng tin cu hnh(Config) o Thng tin truy cp( Statistics)

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Hnh 4-33 S lp cho phn h Sn phm - Danh mc sn phm

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Hnh 4-34 S lp cho phn h cu hnh h thng trn tng website thnh vin.

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Hnh 4-35 S lp cho phn h Phn quyn ngi dng.

H thng phn quyn da trn nhm ngi dng(GroupUser) ch khng da trn tng ngi dng c th. Ngi dng thuc nhm no th k tha tt c cc quyn trong nhm , mi nhm ngi dng s c nhng quyn khc nhau. n v phn quyn l tng chc nng c th( Function), v du: Thm danh mc, Xa danh mc...Mi mn hnh (Screen) s c nhiu chc nng (function), mi module c cha nhiu mn hnh khc nhau.

4.5.3 Lung x l 4.5.3.1 Flowchart cho i tng SaaSAdmin

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Hnh 4- 36 Flowchart cho i tng SaaSAdmin

4.5.3.2

Flowchart cho i tng SaaSCustomer

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Hnh 4-37 Flowchart cho i tng SaaSCustomer

4.5.3.3

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