4th e-mobility stakeholder forum -...

#eMSF2016@eMobilityForum

4th E-MOBILITY STAKEHOLDER FORUM

BEGOÑA GALINDO

“Low energy passenger comfort systems

based on the joule and peltier effects”

About AIMPLAS

Agenda

o JOSPEL Fact Sheet – what is JOSPEL?

o Objectives

o JOSPEL Concept

o Expected results

o Partners Involved

o More information

Objectives

Increase engine efficiency

Reduce car weight

Improve battery efficiency

Improve energy consumption

JOSPEL

Ways of increasing distance range of an electric vehicle:

Objectives

Concept

Joule Heating (or resistive heating):▫ Process by which the passage of an electric current through a conductor

releases heat.

▫ The amount of heat release is proportional to the square of the current.

Electrodes

connection Voltage on

Concept Joule Heating (or resistive heating):

▫ Conductive sheets

Concept Joule Heating

Conductive sheets

Sheet calibration in the lab

Concept Joule Heating

Conductive fabrics

• Performances:• Fabrics area: 500 cm2 (DinA4) – 1000 cm2 (DinA3) different geometries.• Power range: 30 W (DinA4) – 60 W (DinA3)• Voltage: 12V, up to 48V• Temperature increase: ~50ºC (in less than two minutes)

Concept

Peltier cells technology:

▫ When an electric current flows through a circuit made from two

different metals, heat is given off at the upper junction and

absorbed at the lower.

▫ This occurs because the electrons flow from high to low density,

causing a cooling effect.

▫ The heat flow between the junctions was found to be proportional

to the electric current

Expected results

Partners


Thank you

www.jospel-project.eu

[email protected]



Merging eRoaming and Smart Charging? Our approach at Hubject

Hubject GmbH, Christian Hahn

The growing use of auxiliaries on-board of vehiclesdoes have a strong impact on energy consumption. Reducing this impact is crucial in saving energy, allowing EVs to perform better and to increase theirrange.

Moreover, IT tools can help implementing efficientsmart charging strategie

SCOPE OF THE SESSION

Hubject in a Nutshell

20 employees

8 nationalities and 14 fluent languages

More than 200 international partners

Partners in more than 16 countries all

over Europe

B2B focus

Scalable business model

International focus

Core market: Europe

Hubject was founded during the

Green eMotion project with the

clear vision, to enable

interoberability by enabling the

access to all charing stations in

EURoep for all customers

Founded in March 2012 by six

pioneering companies in the field

of eMobility based in Berlin

(EUREF-Campus)

Founding companies are: BMW

Group, Bosch, Daimler, EnBW, RWE

and Siemens

WHERE DID HUBJECT COME

FROM?

FACTS &

FIGURES:

BUSINESS

MODEL:

EASY ACCESS TO CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE EVERYWHERE

Easy and at every charge point regardless of the operator

Merchant

(or ATM)

Acquiring

bank

Merchants’

bank

Issuing bank

Customers’

bank

ELEKTROAUTO-

FAHRER

Cardholder

A BRIEF EVOLUTION OF eROAMING

SCALABILITYLOW HIGH

OFFLINE/ MANUAL DIGITAL/ REAL TIMEM2M COMMUNICATION

Single CPO Backend

„Inhouse-Roaming“

Whitelist or multi-

client CPO platform

Open integrated

eRoaming platform

Integrated IT- &

business framework

eROAMING APPROACH

Bilateral Whitelist

Roaming

Static POI & whitelist

exchange

METHODOLOGY

Bilateral Roaming

via Roaming

platform

Technical alignment,

whiltelists/ real-time

EUROPEAN EMOBILITY MARKET = HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEMS

European energy markets are working with different schemas all over Europe

Regulatory framework is also completely different (f.E. German B2C are able to choose their energy supplier freely, but they are not able to do in other countries)

The emobility sector as a convergence sector of different industries, also has no clear European technology and regulatory framework yet

Different emobility market models are in pilot phases or early productive stages

A rising number of EVs forces changes in short time, to reduce take outs and instability issues in electricity grids

Aggreg-

gator

Distributed system operator (DSO)

Charge

point

operator

(CPO)

Emobility

Service

provider

(EMP)

Energy

Supplier

(ES)

Complex market structure in every country

More complex structure in Europe

Some market roles have to rely on scales – so smart charging is also a question of numbers

Harmonization is not as easy as it looks – who is taken the lead (Energy Industry, eMobilityindustry …)

DIFFERENT ROLES IN EMOBILITYbased on the German market, but the same applies for other markets

Roaming

Platform

Meter Operator Meter Data

Manager

REALIZATION OF CHARGING PLANS SUPPORTS SMART CHARGING

Possibilities with ISO15118-1:

Automatic authentication (Plug ‘n Charge) with certificate handling; EIM

Controlling charging process

Controlling of a DC off-board charger

(Re-) Scheduling of a charge profile according to user’s need, grid capacity, and power availability

Providing sales tariff(s)

Provide electronic signed meter receipt

Integrated information security

Energy feedback (future edition 2)

Communication based on PLC (HomePlug Green PHY) or wireless

Aufbau und Betrieb ROOT CA

Bestandteil des aktuellen Lösungsportfolios von Hubject

Aggregator:

Hubject als Clearing House zwischen OEM, CPO und MO

Abgleich von Provisioning Zertifikat zu Contract-Zertifikat

Betrieb Sub CA durch Hubject:

Hubject als Zertifikatsvergabestelle für: OEMs, MOs & CPOs (insb. als Enabling-Technologie)

Zertifizierung und Rezertifizierung von Sub CAs

Bestandteil des aktuellen Lösungsportfolios von Hubject

2a

1

0

0

OCSP Server:

Aufbau und Betrieb eines Online OCSP Servers2b

Provisioning Service:

Aufbau und Betrieb eines Provisioning Service

für die Existenz mehrere Root CAs

!3 Provisioning Service

OCSP Server

Operation Sub CA and

creating certificates

Aggregator/ ClearingHouse

Certification of Sub-CAs

Establishing Root CA

COMBINING MICROSERVICES FOR SMART CHARGING USECASES

Max. Power

Charging

Dynamic Pricing

Predictive Charge

point Usage

Charging Plans

(ISO15118)

Electricity

roaming @ CP

Capacity

Offering

State of charge/

battery

Service

Service

offerAccept

Service

Service

offer

Accept

Service

DSO EMPCPO

Service

offer

Accept

Service

Service

offer

Accept

Service

Service

offer

Accept

Service

Service

offer

Service

offer

Accept

Service

Service

offer

Accept

Service


Thank you

[email protected]



EV Smart charging & enhancing energy management

Users and stakeholders design: co-creation is the key


OR HOW TO

Approach to real zero emissions vehicles ANDOPTIMISE electric grid and charging infrastructure


1. Reduce car energy consumption

• Car dessign (weight, size, dynamics, regeneration…)

[ kWh/100 km]• Reduction of periferics energy

consumption (aircon, lights…)

OEMs & TIER RANGE COMPETITION http://www.technologicvehicles.com/

• Less car use (rebound effect) • Driving style• Route planning considering energy• Peripherics usage• PHEVs behaviour in urban areas

USERS COACHING & ITC

Car efficiency

Users behaviour

http://www.google.es/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiCgu2OsvHMAhWEOxoKHYhoDxoQjRwIBw&url=http://www.motorlia.com/mitsubishi-outlander-2-0-phev-4x4_234.html&psig=AFQjCNH1cL-Ac257f6DmW_Z2wEdlLsGFkQ&ust=1464133940905648



2. Cleaner and more efficient charging

Stakeholders collaboration

Smart charging infraestructure • Mechanisms for load shifting(adjusting power to grid needs)

• Reservation and information• Intelligent load balancing for

multiplug stations• Bidirectional charging interface and

metersTECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE

• Attractive /dynamic tariffs for lowdemand charging

• Users behaviour• Increase renewable energy share• Car-infraestructure-operator

communications: reservation, information, operation

• Regulations


http://www.technologicvehicles.com/

Car efficiency

Users behaviour Stakeholders collaboration

Smart charging infraestructure



Our methodology

Some examples:

• Electric Vehicle Intelligent Charging innovationproject

• LIVE Platform for the promotion of sustainablemobility in Barcelona and Catalonia region

EVIC project:

• Control of the electric grid loading and EV use through energy demand management.

• Geographical distribution of EV fleets and their updated power needs.

• Maxim profit and minimum energetic impact

• New bussiness models associated

• Partners:

• Financed by:

EVIC project:

Project structure:

EVIC project:

Users requirements

1. Private EV user2. EV fleet manager3. Charging Operator4. Communications

manager

EVIC project:

Visualisation

LIVE Platform:

Excelent Public Administration

12

Disruptive technology Common public/privateinterests

Need for collaboration of all actors of the value chain

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PLATFORM (PPP)

Competitive green industry

Informed andparticipative citizens/users

LIVE Platform:

13

What is LIVE?

LIVE Platform is a public-private platform open to all those organisations related withsustainable and electric mobility with the common objective of developing cooperativeprojects, policies, new bussiness models and a knowledge network.

Objectives

1. Foster strategic and cooperative electromobility projects in Barcelona and Catalonia region.

2. Coordination between different governmental initiatives.

3. Support private sector transition to green economy, new bussinessmodels and job generation.

Director Members

oCollaborator Members

LIVE Platform: PLANNED ACTION 2016

Improvement of EV driving experience through ITS

• Analisis of EV users experience or “customer journey”

• Identify pain points.

• Open challenge to support digital services ideas development

Supported by SEAT


Thank you

www.edenwaygroup.com

[email protected]

@EdenwayGroup



ENHANCING ENERGY MANAGEMENT

IN AN E-BUSJuhani Laurikko – VTT, Finland

Agenda

o Comparing Topologies for ICE and e-Busses

o Energy Balance of an e-Bus

o How to Save Energy?

o The Impact of HVAC

o Advanced Auxiliary Management

o Summary

Topology of Busses

On the outside, both ICE-driven and electric bussescan be quite similar, but…

ICE-BUS E-BUS

Topology of an ICE Bus

Auxiliaries are run by 24V or direct mechanical drive by the ICE

Heating is applied by waste heat from the ICE

TRANS-MISSION

DIESEL ENGINE

CHASSIS EL

WHEELS

WHEELS

BUS CHASSIS

CANBUS

AUX1

GPS

CO

MP

R1

PU

MP

ALTERNATOR

AUX224V

BATTERY

HEATEXH

DRIVERINTERFACE

AC COMPR2

Topology of an eBus (Basic)

All chassis auxiliaries are run by 24V electricity

Rolling resistance; 14,9 %

Air drag; 4,4 %

Inverter, electric motor and

driveline; 10,6 %Air compressor; 3,3 %

Steering pump; 1.8 %

Mechanical brakes; 1,9 %

24V auxiliaries; 0.7 %

Battery losses (on cycle); 3,5 %

Charger losses; 6,3 %

Battery losses (on charging); 1,7 %

Other charging losses (temp.

contr., BMS, etc.); 6,6 %

Distribution of Total Grid Energy (12.5 kWh)Braunschweig cycle, 12 400 kg

Data from a non-commercial, light-weight prototype bus


Air drag; 4,4 %

Inverter, electric motor and

driveline; 10,6 %Air compressor; 3,3 %

Steering pump; 1.8 %

Mechanical brakes; 1,9 %

24V auxiliaries; 0.7 %




Other charging losses (temp.

contr., BMS, etc.); 6,6 %

Distribution of Total Grid Energy (12.5 kWh)Braunschweig cycle, 12 400 kg


34%

16% 11%

29%

Improving Energy Efficiency (1)

Increase system & component efficiency of:

Mechanical driveline

Power electronics

Charger(s)

BMS

Improving Energy Efficiency (2)

Decrease driving energy needs: Decrease vehicle mass (lightweight chassis)

Decrease rolling resistance (tyres & bearings)

Decrease on-board auxiliary energy needs Decrease need to use mechanical brakes by maximising

regenerative braking

Decrease chassis auxiliary energy need & use, with intelligent management systems

Topology of an eBus (Advanced)

Auxiliaries are run by 24V electricity or with high voltage

All auxiliaries are run individually, according to the current need

Challenging Weather Conditions

Challenging Weather Conditions

http://www.google.fi/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=PQZnJdoqVgXXDM&tbnid=lauC_cZy-o8qqM:&ved=0CAgQjRw&url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/tuliterat_lumilingot_kaipaavat_tuntuvaa_tuunausta/5061398&ei=3eifU4LNFonJPNrngIAE&psig=AFQjCNHZlchVzffGfe3Qc5G5aC7I1xGkcQ&ust=1403075165507424

http://www.google.fi/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=PQZnJdoqVgXXDM&tbnid=lauC_cZy-o8qqM:&ved=0CAgQjRw&url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/tuliterat_lumilingot_kaipaavat_tuntuvaa_tuunausta/5061398&ei=3eifU4LNFonJPNrngIAE&psig=AFQjCNHZlchVzffGfe3Qc5G5aC7I1xGkcQ&ust=1403075165507424

We Need Lots of HVAC!

HVAC (10 kW); 32,2 %

Rolling resistance; 18,2 %Air drag; 5,4 %

Inverter, electric motor and driveline;

12,9 %

Air compressor; 4,1 %

Steering pump; 2,2 %

Mechanical brakes; 2.3 %

24V auxiliaries; 0,8 %




Other charging losses (temp. contr., BMS,

etc.); 8,0 %

Distribution of Total Grid Energy (18 kWh)Braunschweig cycle, 12 400 kg


Adding a 10 kWHVAC device, adds powerconsumptionby 44%

HVAC (10 kW); 32,2 %

Rolling resistance; 18,2 %Air drag; 5,4 %


12,9 %









etc.); 8,0 %



23%

32%

13%

22%

9%

HVAC (15 kW); 41,6 %


Air drag; 4,6 %


11,1 %









etc.); 6,9 %



Adding a 15 kWHVAC device, adds powerconsumptionby 68%

HVAC (15 kW); 41,6 %


Air drag; 4,6 %


11,1 %









etc.); 6,9 %



20%

42%

11%

19%

8%

Decrease HVAC Energy Needs

Decrease HVAC needs by:

Using heat pump technology to enhance HVAC

Improving system efficiency of HVAC

Decreasing radiation influx by shades/tinting

Increasing air circulation in cabin

Decreasing air exhange while boarding/alighting(”air scarf” or cabin-type of bus stops with HVAC)

Improved low

floor isolation Improved temperature

distribution & air

circulation, human

experience of climate

Less glass

surface versus

good visibility

and appealing

exterior

Integrated

thermal energy

storages or

heat sinks

Controlled

door opening

vs. easy

access

Improved

door sealing

Optimised control

for auxiliaries,

including full

electrification

Improved efficiency

of HVAC devices

Auxiliaries, design & control

Thermal management, active

Thermal management, passive

Insulated and/or

tinted windows

Photovoltaic

panels on roof

https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/air-conditioner-bus-shelter-prefab-bus_577903173.html

Bus stop with HVAC

Advanced AUX Management

Auxiliaries are controlled with a dedicated AUX ECU

AUX ECU can have ”forward looking” type of logic

Second HVAC unit run directly from the regenerative powerto avoid battery in/out -losses

BATTERY eMOTORPOWER

ELECTRONICS

BMS

AUX2

AUX 1

CHASSIS EL

WHEELS

WHEELS

CANBUS

HVAC

AUX ECU

GPS

DRIVERINTERFACE

BUS CHASSIS

PUMP

COMPR

HVAC

TRANSFORM

DC/ACINVERTER

22

eBus Data & GPS

Intelligent, Adaptable control of

Auxiliaries on an eBus

Aux ECU

On-boardAuxiliaries

Running of the on-boardauxiliaries is controlled byAux ECU

Data is usedfrom buschasssis and aux status to decide runningstrategy, but…

23

eBus Data & GPS

Back-Office Server Digital Route Map

Real-timeTraffic situation

Aux ECU

A back-officeserver is usedto collect real-time data fromeBus en-routeposition, routecharacteristics, real-time traffic



24

eBus Data & GPS



Aux ECU

On-boardAuxiliaries

A back-officeserver calculatesthe optimisedrunning status for each auxsystem or itscomponent

Feeds Aux ECU with this info in real-time via data link



25

eBus Data & GPS



Aux ECU

On-boardAuxiliaries

Strategy is based on bothmomentaryand predictiveinformation, as the systemprovides alsoinfo about the ”foreseeablefuture”



SMART ENERGY MANAGEMENT IS ESSENTIAL FOR e-BUSSES!

o Limited battery capacity (or high price & weight) is a great challenge to e-bus autonomy & energy balance

o Addressing all energy consuming systems is necessary

o Improvements can come either by using more efficient systems, or by …

o Decrease the need to use energy, and especially by …

o Employing an intelligent energy management system


Thank you

[email protected]

4th e-mobility stakeholder forum -...

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