Administrator’s CornerStudies Show That the Tree Sale Can

Improve Your Quality of Life

What is that tree worth to you?

It is easy to quantify the value of trees grown and timbered in a managed wood lot. That lumber is used to build houses

and furniture, produce cellulose for plastics as well as a vast range of products that all have

a direct economic value. What about the trees planted in your yard or along urban streets? What are they worth?

There is extensive research documenting the environmental, social and economic benefi ts of trees and nature. The diverse range of benefi ts that trees contribute, known as the “total economic value (TEV)”, are very real; next spring plant some more trees. (Fast Facts produced by Walkable Communities, Inc; May, 2006 is shown below).• Trees Slow Storm Water Runoff: Trees absorb the fi rst

30% of most precipitation events through their leaf system, allowing evaporation back into the atmosphere. This moisture never hits the ground. Another percentage, up to 30%, of precipitation is absorbed back into the ground and taken in and held onto by the root structure, then absorbed and then transpired back to the air. One mature spruce either planted or growing wild, can intercept more than 1,000 gallons of water annually when fully grown. Underground water-holding aquifers are recharged with this slowing down of water runoff.

Something New at the Tree Sale

After 42 years, the Tree Seedling Sale is turning over a new leaf. This year the Tree Sale Committee has decided to branch out and will offer “Day of Sales”. Customers who

arrive and wish to add on to their order will have the chance to shop on Tree Sale Pick up Day, April 14, open from 8 am – 7 pm. In the past, we have sporadically offered extra plants and trees for sale, however, this year a designated “Day of Sales” stand will be established.

The “Day of Sales” stand will include some perennials, several seedlings choices, along with perennials not offered on the order form. Quantities are limited and varieties will differ throughout the day. Payment at the point of sale is expected. Please note all pre-orders due March 14, 2016 offer a savings to “Day of Sales”.

Each year, the Tree Sale Committee works to generate a creative list of species. We’re going out on a limb and adding two new species this year: American Beech and Nannyberry.• American Beech: This slow grower will provide a wide canopy

for future years. Beautiful bronze color will appear in fall. It is a versatile tree; happy in a space from a golf course or park to backyards and forest settings.

• Nannyberry: A member of the viburnum family; it’s durable and easy to grow. Will fi nd it as an understory shrub. The berries are edible and can be made into jams and jellies. Birds and wildlife will also enjoy the berries. The fl owers carry a fragrance as viburnums are known to do. The fall season will bring colorful fruit stalks and foliage.Thank you, we appreciate your order and look forward to working

together to keep green growing throughout Lancaster County.–Matt Kofroth and Sallie Gregory, Committee Co-chairs

continued on page 3

TREE SALE 2016

Conservation Crier Vol. 25, No. 1

Spring 2016

Newsletter of the LANCASTER COUNTY CONSERVATION DISTRICT

January 19, 2016 Secretaries Quigley (DEP), Redding (PDA) and Dunn (DCNR) unveiled Pennsylvania’s revamped strategy to meet state clean water goals and improve the Chesapeake Bay

Watershed health. Quigley reported that the EPA has made it clear that despite

progress, latest interim assessments show more work is needed in Pennsylvania in order to avoid greater federal enforcement and sanctions. Quigley added, ”We’re creating new partnerships between state offi cials, county conservation district staff, and farmers” to create a “culture of compliance” and the results will benefi t all of us. The Wolf administration’s plan centers around six elements: 1. Address pollutant reduction by meeting EPA’s goal of inspecting

10 % of farms in the watershed, ensuring development and use of manure management and agricultural erosion and sediment control plans, and enforcement for non-compliance.

2. Install high-impact, low-cost Best Management Practices (BMPs), and quantify undocumented BMPs in watersheds impaired by agriculture or stormwater.

3. Improve reporting, record keeping, and data systems to provide better and more accessible documentation.

4. Identify legislative, programmatic or regulatory changes to provide the additional tools and resources necessary to meet federal pollution reduction goals by 2025.

5. Establish a Chesapeake Bay Offi ce to coordinate the development, implementation and funding of the commonwealth’s Chesapeake Bay efforts.

6. Obtain additional resources for water quality improvement by planning a new round of “Growing Greener” funding devoted to local water quality and, ultimately, Bay compliance.

Between now and July 1, 2016 the Conservation District will be gearing up to address the new strategy.

New Goals for Chesapeake Bay Watershed

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Board of DirectorsKenneth Meck, ChairmanRobert Shearer, Vice ChairmanDaniel C. Heller, TreasurerHerb KreiderRoger RohrerRichard ShellenbergerJay SnyderSonia WascoCraig Lehman, County CommissionerDonald M. Robinson, Dir. Emeritus

Associate DirectorsDarrell BeckerFrank R. BurkhartLisa A. GraybealStuart W. HerrErnest M. Orr, Jr. Gregory StrausserRobert E. WagnerKent Weaver

District AdvisorsJohn BeilerJames E. HersheyMatthew J. MackDavid D. MillerKenneth M. RuttKathleen V. SchreiberDeb SeibertAlfred Wanner Jr. Matthew YoungCynthia Zawrotuk

StaffAdministrationChristopher Thompson, AdministratorGerald Heistand, Business ManagerPaula Harnish, Administrative SecretaryRoberta Hartz, Sec./ReceptionistErosion and Sedimentation Nate Kurtz, Department ManagerNevin Greiner, Resource ConservationistSamantha Gordon, Erosion Control TechEvan Martin, Erosion Control TechJenna Mitchell, Erosion Control TechSuzanne Kopp, E & S SecretaryAgricultureJeff Hill, Ag. Program ManagerKevin Seibert, Ag Compliance CoordinatorJames Saltsman, Ag Eng Tech SpecAdam Hartz, Ag Eng Tech Spec Kent Bitting, Professional EngineerKate Bresaw, Ag Conservation Tech Justin Furnia, Ag Conservation TechAndy Hake, Ag Conservation TechGreg Heigel, Ag Conservation TechJulie Kratz, Ag Conservation TechJenn Ledwich, Ag Conservation TechKeith Lutz, Ag Conservation TechKevin Lutz, Ag Conservation TechSteven Reiff, Ag Conservation TechDennis Eby, Plain Sect OutreachWatershed and Education Matthew Kofroth, Watershed SpecialistSallie Gregory, Education CoordinatorShelly Dehoff, Ag/Public Liaison

USDA Natural ResourcesConservation Service

Heather Grove, District ConservationistGary Ballina, Civil Engineering TechOmer Brubaker, Soil ConservationistWendy Coons, Soil Conservation TechDayanna Estades, Soil Conservationist Mark Myers, Soil ConservationistMelissa Piper-Nelson, Program AssistantAshley Spotts, Streambuffer Specialist-CBF

Lancaster Co.Conservation District

1383 Arcadia Rd., Room 200Lancaster, PA 17601

Phone: 717-299-5361Fax: 717-299-9459

www.lancasterconservation.org

Lancaster County Envirothons 2016 A Natural Challenge for Students

The Envirothon is an annual competition in which elementary, middle school, and high school teams compete for recognition by demonstrating their knowledge of environmental science and natural resource management. The teams, each consisting

of five students from participating schools, exercise their training and problem-solving skills in a competition centered on testing categories: soils/land use, aquatic ecology, forestry, wildlife and current environmental issues. High School teams have the added component of an Oral Presentation that allows the students to use critical thought to solve a complex environmental problem and present their solution to a panel of judges.

Study materials are provided at all levels. Teachers interested in registering their students in this unique academic competition may contact the Conservation District at 299-5361 x.5 by April 1, 2016. Visit www.lancasterconservation.org for more information.

Lancaster County Middle School Envirothon Tuesday, May 3, 2016

Grades 7 and 8

Lancaster County Junior Envirothon Wednesday, May 4, 2016

Grades 3, 4, 5, and 6

Lancaster County Senior High Envirothon Thursday, May 5, 2016

Grades 9 - 12

–Sallie Gregory, Education Coordinator

An outdoor novice or a seasoned adventurer, no matter - a rigorous summer field school filled with fresh air and learning awaits you. The Lancaster County Youth Conservation School will take place July 24-30 celebrating 38 years of education in

the great outdoors. Students ages 14-16, here’s your chance to be a part of it.The Lancaster County Conservation District along with Local Sportsmen’s Clubs proudly

offers a weeklong summer field school focusing on outdoor activities and conservation of our natural resources. Students reside at the school where tents and cots demonstrate low impact camping at the Northern Lancaster County Fish and Game Protection Association in West Cocalico Township.

Interested students should apply. There are many study topics to empower students, ensuring a sustained conservation legacy. Topics include water quality, forestry, canoeing, wildlife management, archery, survival, and firearm safety. Students will have the opportunity to meet professionals in various environmental and conservation related fields and discuss career options with them.

Students benefit from generous County Federated Sportmens Clubs and Community Organizations who provide 90% of the YCS tuition. Students are responsible for a $25 registration fee. To receive an application, contact the Conservation District at 299-5361 x.5 or click www.lancasterconservation.org by June 10.

–Sallie Gregory, Education Coordinator

Youth Conservation School – Applications AcceptedA Leader in Outdoor Learning

Disposing of uncovered animals on the ground to decompose or be

eaten by scavengers is notlegal nor professional.

Disposing of uncovered animals on the ground to decompose or be

Properly managing and disposing of dead farm animals, horses, and poultry is a basic legal responsibility for animal owners. Proper mortality

disposal protects the environment, and promotes good neighbor relations. Responsible parties must properly dispose of the carcass within 48 hours. Quicker disposal is recommended in hotter temperatures, and for highly visible locations. Livestock and poultry operations need a strategy for proper disposal of routine losses. The strategy should be chosen BEFORE losses occur. During catastrophic loss, disposal will be handled under the direction of the PA Department of Agriculture.

The PA Domestic Animal Law defi nes acceptable disposal methods, which primarily include:• mortality composting• rendering• incineration • burial

Livestock and Poultry Mortality Disposal Brochure Available SoonEach disposal method has pros and cons, and needs to be

weighed carefully. The PA Agricultural Ombudsman Program recently updated a brochure entitled “Livestock and Poultry Mortality Disposal in Pennsylvania”. The brochure provides a basic explanation of the PA Domestic Animal Law, disposal methods, site choice considerations, and websites with additional “how-to” instructions. The brochure can be obtained in small or large quantities by contacting the Ombudsman, Shelly Dehoff, at 717-880-0848 or shellydehoff@lancasterconservation.org.

–Shelly D ehoff, Ag/Public Liaison

roperly managing and disposing of dead farm basic legal basic legal

for animal owners. Proper mortality disposal protects the environment, and promotes good

Livestock Poultry MORTALITYDISPOSAL

&

in Pennsylvania

- 3 -

• Trees Clean the Soil: Phytoremediation is the term used for a tree’s ability to absorb dangerous chemicals and other pollutants that have entered the soil. Trees can either store harmful pollutants or actually change the pollutant into less harmful forms. Trees fi lter sewage and farm fi eld runoff, reduce the effects of animal wastes, clean roadside spills and clean water runoff into streams.

• Trees Produce Oxygen: Most people know that plants produce oxygen, but did you know, a mature leafy tree produces as much oxygen in a season as 10 people inhale in a year?

• Trees Control Noise Pollution: Trees muffl e urban noise almost as effectively as stone walls. Trees, planted at strategic points in a neighborhood or around a house, can abate noises from freeways and airports.

• Trees Are Carbon Sinks: A tree absorbs and locks away carbon dioxide in the wood, roots and leaves. A forest is a carbon storage area or a "sink" that can lock up as much carbon as it produces. This locking-up process "stores" carbon as wood and not as an available "greenhouse" gas. As a service to the county, the Lancaster County Conservation

District has hosted an annual tree seedling sale for the last 42 years. Each year we sell or donate more than 25,400 tree seedlings that are planted in back yards and the communities of Lancaster and surrounding counties. The cumulative effects of the District’s Tree Seedling Sale have helped us fulfi ll a component of our vision of “protecting and improving our environment”. The proceeds of the seedling sale continue valuable education programs relating to watersheds, wetlands, and conservation practices.

In this issue of the Conservation Crier you’ll fi nd our 2016 seedling selections. Additional Sources:22 Benefi ts of Urban Street TreesBy Dan Burden, Senior Urban DesignerGlatting Jackson and Walkable Communities, Inc; May, 2006http://northlandnemo.org/images/22Benefi tsofUrbanStreetTrees.pdf

–Chris Thompson, Administrator

continued from page 1Low Volume Road Project Applications Now Being Accepted

for Funding Program

Did you know that if you are a municipality that has one of the hundreds of Low Volume Roads in Lancaster County, you may be eligible to apply for current funding

the Conservation District has for Environmentally Sensitive Maintenance of these sometimes forgotten roads? A Low Volume Road being classifi ed as a road with less than 500 vehicles a day traveling on it. Funding for the Low Volume Road Program comes from Act 89 or the state’s Transportation Bill. The idea of the program is to provide funds to municipalities to do the same environmental sensitive maintenance concepts used in Dirt & Gravel Road Program for years on Low Volume Roads.

The funds are not intended to repave low volume roads but rather to provide maintenance, and solve drainage and runoff issues for these roads that are adjacent to or in close proximity to local water resources, stream, creeks, lakes, wetlands, etc. Currently, municipalities that have a Low Volume Road project they would like to apply for have until Monday, February 15th

to submit a one-page application into the Conservation District for consideration. Municipalities interested in learning more about either the Dirt & Gravel Road Program or the Low Volume Road Program should contact Matt Kofroth, Watershed Specialist, or Evan Martin, Erosion & Sedimentation Technician, from the Conservation District and inquire how to become eligible for funding. Check the Lancaster County Conservation District website; click the Dirt & Gravel Road tab to learn more about the Low Volume Road Program and all it offers.

–Matt Kofroth, Watershed Specialist

Recently completed Low Volume Road Project in Rapho To wnship on Pinkerton Rd.

- 4 -

Roughly 70% of land in the lower 48 states is privately owned. This places the health of our Nation’s environment and natural resources directly into the

hands of private farmers and landowners. The primary mission of the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) is to assist those farmers and landowners in making conservation improvements to their land that in turn protects our natural resources and ensures the long-term sustainability of American agriculture.

Conservation efforts don’t just have to be thought about on a large scale. As the Conservation District’s annual seedling sale approaches it’s a perfect time to think about the types of conservation improvements you can make on your land. “Tree-centric” conservation best management practices, or BMPs, can be installed just about anywhere, on any scale. Whether your property is a quarter of an acre or hundreds of acres, the benefits of planting trees and shrubs on your land are immeasurable.

Listed below are tree-related BMPs NRCS can provide assistance with establishing on your property. In addition, tree and shrub species offered through the Conservation District seedling sale have been recommended.

Hedgerow PlantingA hedgerow planting is a living fence of trees and shrubs

established in, across or around a field. Herbaceous vegetation, such as grasses and wildflowers, may also be incorporated into the outer edges of these plantings to enhance the overall benefits. This BMP can be used to delineate field boundaries, establish contours, provide wildlife food and cover or simply to improve the overall landscape. Depending on the selected location within the field, hedgerow plantings can also have significant effects on reducing soil erosion and sediment transport, infiltration of nutrients and pesticides, provide habitat to predators of pest insects potentially reducing the need for pesticide applications and provide pollinator habitat for beneficial insects.• RecommendedTree&ShrubSpeciesavailablethroughtheLCCD

Seedling Sale:Fraser Fir, Eastern White Pine, American Beech, Black Cherry, Red Oak, Sycamore, Tulip Poplar, American Plum, Nannyberry, Redbud, Red Osier Dogwood, Sassafras, White Flowering Dogwood, Winterberry, Elderberry, River Birch and Sugar Maple

“Tree-centric” Conservation Best Management PracticesWindbreak Establishment

A windbreak is a single or multiple linear row of trees and shrubs planted for the purpose of protecting buildings, animals, plants or people from the effects of wind, providing noise or visual screens, or improving air quality by reducing and intercepting particulate matter, chemicals or odor. This BMP differs from a hedgerow planting as the primary purpose is to control wind, noise or visual concerns, but depending on the selected location on the property, windbreaks may have similar benefits to hedgerow plantings such as reduced soil erosion, infiltration of nutrients and pesticides and enhancement of wildlife habitat. Proper planning and design of a windbreak is essential to ensure adequate function, especially in controlling wind impacts and improving air quality. Factors like location, maximum design length and height and number of rows must be considered in order to obtain the full benefits of the planting.• RecommendedTree&ShrubSpeciesavailablethroughtheLCCD

Seedling Sale:American Arborvitae, Red Oak, Sycamore, Swamp White Oak, Redbud

Riparian Forest BufferA riparian forest buffer is an area of predominately trees and

shrubs located adjacent to and up slope from a water course or body. The establishment of trees and shrubs in these locations provide shade to maintain or lower water temperatures, improve habitat and food sources for both aquatic organisms and terrestrial wildlife, reduce and infiltrate sediment, nutrients and pesticides that exist in surface runoff and shallow ground water flow and restore riparian plant communities that were historically present in Pennsylvania. These buffers can be planted anywhere permanent or intermittent streams, lakes, ponds or wetlands exist. Similar to a hedgerow planting, herbaceous vegetation, such as grasses and wildflowers, may be added to the outer edges of these plantings, which mimics natural riparian conditions. A general rule of thumb in determining the overall width of the buffer is the wider the better.• RecommendedTree&ShrubSpeciesavailablethroughtheLCCD

Seedling Sale:Eastern White Pine, American Beech, Black Cherry, Red Oak, Sycamore, Swamp White Oak, Tulip Poplar, American Plum, Nannyberry, Redbud, Red Osier Dogwood, Sassafras, White

Flowering Dogwood, Winterberry, Elderberry, River Birch, Spicebush, Sugar Maple

For more information about these BMPs, as well as technical and financial assistance opportunities offered by NRCS, visit our Field Office in Room 200 of the Lancaster Farm & Home Center or call (717) 299-5361 extension 3.

–Heather Grove, NRCS District Conservationist

PE

AR

AP

PL

EPRISTINEPristineFirst introduced in 1994, this apple has a smooth, glossy skin with a high sugar content. This is an early scab-resistant variety, however somewhat fi re blight susceptible. A good eating apple, and good earlyseason keeper.

R EMLA 7H 4-5 ftBT Early Mid-seasonRT JulyC YellowO Semi-dwarf rootstock that is well

anchored and hardy

POTOMACPotomacPotomac is a result of a cross between D’Anjou & Moonglow pears. Small, sweet pear with moderately fi ne fl esh. Very similar in fl avor to D’Anjou. Released by USDA in 1993, this is the highest quality fi re blight resistant variety. Ripens two weeks after Bartlett.

R OHXF87H 4-5 ftRT Mid-SeptemberC Light green and glossyO Semi-dwarf rootstock with fi re blight

resistance. Grows to about 25 ft. if not pruned.

AC™ HARROW SWEETAC™ Harrow SweetDeveloped in Canada, this pear resembles Bartlett in appearance with a slight blush. Thin to avoid biennial bearing and smaller fruit size. Ripens 3 weeks after Bartlett. Good storage almost until Christmas!

R OHXF87H 4-5 ftRT Mid to Late SeptemberC Green-Yellow with blushO Semi-dwarf rootstock with fi re blight

resistance. Grows to about 25 ft. if not pruned.

DUKE BLUEBERRYDuke blueberry is an early-season variety and is extremely popular in the Mid-Atlantic region. It is high-yielding and hardy. The attractive fruit is medium to large, light blue, and slightly tart. Berries are very fi rm and retain their quality better than most other varieties. Duke grows upright to a height of 4-6 feet.

EMLA 7 size at Maturity

EMLA 7 size at Maturity

R = RootstockH = Height at PickupBT = Bloom Time

RT = Ripening TimeC = ColorO = Other

- 5 -

MACOUNMacounThis variety was developed at the New York State Agriculture Experiment Station in 1932, and is similar to McIntosh. Very sweet and juicy with white fl esh. Excellent for eating; good for sauce. Needs substantial thinning to maintain annual cropping.

R EMLA 7H 4-5 ftBT Mid to Late seasonRT End September-Begin OctoberC RedO Semi-dwarf rootstock that is well

anchored and hardy

Fruit Tree SelectionsCelebrating 66 Years of

Conservation Stewardship

Lancaster CountyConservation District

BLUEBERRY

Description ofA/S = Age/SizeG = Growing ConditionsC = Characteristics

AMERICAN ARBORVITAE(Thuja occidentalis)

A/S 3 yrs., 6"-12"

G Sun or partial shade. Adapted too many soil types, even wet soil.

C Pyramidal shape. 12'-14' tall & 3'-4' width. Can be used as a screen or windbreak.

BLACK CHERRY(Prunus serotina)A/S 1 yr., 18"-24" G Full to partial sun. Avoid poorly drained

soil.C Fast growing & valuable timber tree with

multiple wildlife benefits. 50'-80' tall & 20'-50' spread.

CONCOLOR FIR(Abies concolor)

A/S 4 yrs., 8"-16"+

G Full sun & easily transplanted. Prefers a deep, well-drained soil with adequate moisture.

C Needles silvery blue-green, 2-3 inches long. Pyramidal shape, holding a dense, formal shape with age. 50'-75' tall & 20'-30' wide. Slow to medium growth rate.

RED OAK(Quercus rubra)A/S 2 yrs., 10"-24"+G Full sun & withstands urban conditions

best. Well-drained, acidic, sandy loam soils are best.

C Long-lived, fast growing tree. Up to 75' tall. Red leaves in fall. Timber and wildlife value.

EASTERN WHITE PINE(Pinus strobus)

A/S 3 yrs., 7"-14"

G Best in full sun although young trees tolerate light shade. Prefers moist, well-drained soils.

C Soft needles. 50'-80' tall & 30'-50' wide. Conical form young, losing a defined shape with age (open form). Fast growing.

SYCAMORE(Platanus occidentalis)A/S 1 yr., 12"-18”G Full sun preferred. Moist, deep, rich,

well-drained soils. Can tolerate moderate salt & drought conditions.

C Massive white branches, mosaic of colored bark. 75'-90' tall & 60'-70' wide. Leaves turn yellow-brown in autumn.

FRASER FIR(Abies fraseri)

A/S 3 yrs., 5"-9"

G Best growth if planted on a north or east hillside, well-drained soil.

C Great Christmas tree with soft needles that are shiny with silvery underside. Slower growing

SWAMP WHITE OAK(Quercus bicolor)A/S 1 yr., 12"-18"G It is tolerant of poorly drained sites and

frequently is found in mucky soils. Pre-fers full to partial sun

C A rapidly growing tree that flowers in spring. Turning golden in the fall. Has a rounded open form. Can grow to 50-60' tall and spread just as much.

AMERICAN BEECH(Fagus grandifolia)A/S 1 yr., 12"-18"G Prefers full sun and acidic, loamy, moist,

well-drained soils.C Wide spreading canopy provides great

shade in summer and beautiful bronze colors in fall. Compensates for its slow growth in longevity. 40' spread and 50'-70' tall.

TULIP POPLAR(Liriodendron tulipifera)A/S 2 yrs., 10"-28”G Prefers a deep, moist, fertile soil. Full sun

and slightly acidic soils are best.C Showy flowers resembling tulips.

Wildlife and timber value. Fast growing. 70’-90’ tall.

- 6 -

Tree Sale Items A/S = Age/SizeG = Growing ConditionsC = Characteristics

WHITE FLOWERING DOGWOOD (Cornus florida)

A/S 1 yr., 12"-18"

G Partial shade, average soil & moisture conditions.

C Showy white flowers in early spring. Red fruit eaten by birds. Crimson fall foliage. 25' tall & 25' spread

AMERICAN PLUM(Prunus Americana)

A/S 1 yr, 18"-24"

G Does best in moist, rich, well-drained loams. Can tolerate varying light levels.

C A thicket-forming shrub or small tree with short trunk, many branches, broad crown, showy large white flowers, and red plums. Fruit can be eaten or used in jellies. 20'-30' tall.

WINTERBERRY(Ilex verticillata)

A/S 1 yr., 12"-18"

G Full sun to partial shade; more sun means more fruit on females. Prefers moist, acidic soils.

C Oval to rounded form with dense branches. 6’-10’ tall. Small yellowish-white flowers in Spring. Females will develop orange fruit through winter months. (3 years old)

NANNYBERRY(Viburnum lentago)

A/S 1 yr., 12"-18"

G Favors rich, moist sites. Grows in both shade and sun. Very adaptable to many sites.

C Year round color. Showy white spring flowers to burgundy autumn leaves and dark blue berries in winter. Berries edible and ideal for jellies. 15'-25' tall

CANDYTUFT“Snowflake” & “Tahoe”

A/S Quart pot

G Easily grown in well-drained, alkaline soils in full sun.

C Large clusters of white flowers on evergreen leaves that bloom from mid to late spring. 8”-10” tall

REDBUD(Cercis canadensis)

A/S 1 yr., 12"-18"

G Full sun to light shade. Likes moist, well-drained soils. Avoid permanently wet soils.

C Shape is rounded to broad & flat-topped. 20'-30' tall & 25'-35' wide. Lavender colored buds in early spring.

DIANTHUS“Star Series”

A/S Quart pot

G Plants require good drainage and full sun.

C A mound of grassy grey-green foliage, with an early summer display of fragment magenta-pink single flowers, 6”-8” tall.

RED OSIER DOGWOOD(Cornus sericea)

A/S 1 yr., 18"-24"

G Full sun to light shade. Quite adaptable to many soils, but likes moisture..

C Deep red stems & white flowers. 6'-10' tall. Many wildlife benefits. Easily grown.

- 7 -

ECHINACEA“Pow Wow Wildberry”

A/S Quart pot

G Prefers full sun to partial shade in normal clay soils.

C Blooms in early summer to early fall with a deep rose-purple color. Long bloom time and 2’ tall plants.

SASSAFRAS(Sassafras albidum)

A/S 1 yr., 12"-18"

G Does well in full sun to light shade in moist, loamy, well-drained soils

C Leaves 3"-7" long. Enchanting fall colors of deep orange, purple and yellow. Aromatic yellow flowers in spring, fol-lowed by round blue fruit. 30'-60' high & 25'-40' wide

SEDUM“Seiboldii”

A/S Quart pot

G Average to poor soils that are well drained and in full to light shade.

C Low spreading with blue-green leaves that form rounded mound, sending out horizontal branches from the central crown. Bright pink, star shaped flowers in fall. 6"-10" tall

GEUM“Cooky” & “Borisii”

A/S Quart pot

G Does best in full sun and moist but well drained soils.

C Single, orange-scarlet blooms up to 12” tall on top of shiny green-leafed foliage. Blooms from late spring through early summer

HOSTA“Albo Marginata”

A/S Quart pot

G Best in moist, well-drained, highly organic soils with full to partial sun.

C Medium green leaves with wavy, white margins and gray-green streaks at junction of margin and center. Pale lavender flower blooms in midsummer. 18" tall

LEWSIA “Cotyledon Mix”

A/S Quart pot

G Best in cool rock garden setting, with excellent drainage.

C Tight rosettes of fleshy, evergreen leaves smothered in flowers of pink, purple, yellow, red, orange, salmon, and white from late spring through midsummer. 6"-8" tall

MONARDA“Bee Balm”

A/S Quart pot

G Prefer full sun & moist yet well-drained soils.

C 1'-3' tall plants with pink/lavender colored flowers. Blooms all summer. Planted along beds or borders to attract hummingbirds & pollinating insects.

Description of Tree Sale ItemsA/S = Age/SizeG = Growing ConditionsC = Characteristics

MYRTLE(Vinca minor)A/S 50 plants per flatG Partial sun to full shade. Performs best in

well-drained soils. Plant 1’ x 1’ spacing.C Short evergreen perennial groundcover.

Grows to 6" tall & 3' diameter. Small blue-purple flowers.

LIRIOPE “BIG BLUE”(Liriope muscari)A/S 18 4" plants per flat G Tolerates deep shade to full sun. Well drained

to moderately drained soils are preferred.C Grass like foliage 3/8"-1/2" wide. Grows by

clumping out from the main plant. Flowers late summer, with lavender flower spikes. In fall, black berries appear on spikes.

ELDERBERRY(Sambucus canadensis)A/S Containerized Pot 3"x3"x9" G Prefers moist soils and full sun.C A fast grower it can reach heights of 12 ft.

tall. Produces attractive white flowers and black/purple berries all season long. Ber-ries are great for wildlife, jams and jellies.

RIVER BIRCH(Betula nigra)A/S Containerized Pot 3"x3"x9"G Tolerates heavy, poorly drained soils but

widely adapted to varying soils. Full sunC Reddish brown exfoliating bark provides

ornamental value. Often grows along streams. 50'-70' tall with medium to fast growth rate.

SPICEBUSH(Lindera benzoin)A/S Containerized Pot 3"x3"x9"G Fast-growing shrub, useful in moist, shady

places. More sun yields better form and more berries.

C Single or few-stemmed shrub, 6'-12' tall, with glossy leaves and slender light green branches. Dense clusters of tiny, pale yellow flowers. Golden-yellow leaves in fall.

SUGAR MAPLE (Acer saccharum)A/S Containerized Pot 3"x3"x9"G Prefers rich soil, good drainage and can

tolerate shade.C Valued timber tree with wildlife value.

Elliptical crown with dark green leaves turning yellow, orange or red in fall. 60'-75' tall & 40'-50' wide

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There are few things more gratifying than fi nding sanctuary under the shade of a hundred-year old oak tree on a scorching summer day. Yet, in many urban

communities, it can be a challenge to fi nd a tree of that stature, let alone any tree at all. Why are trees so vitally important to an urban ecosystem? Trees provide numerous economic and environmental benefi ts, including: offering habitat for wildlife, improving air, soil, and water quality, and providing fl ood and temperature control. Fortunately, cities across the nation are beginning to realize the value of trees in urban communities and have started incorporating the use of trees into urban design.

Lancaster County has seen a signifi cant increase in residential and commercial growth over the last several years. With this increase in new development and redevelopment projects, comes a correlated increase in the construction of impervious surfaces, such as buildings, roadways, and parking lots. Unlike natural landscape, these impervious surfaces absorb heat and prevent the infi ltration of rainwater, which results in stormwater runoff. The temperature impacts of runoff can have signifi cantly negative effects on the aquatic habitat in the receiving stream. Stormwater management programs require the minimization and mitigation of thermal impacts through the use of various Best Management Practices (BMPs). Many BMPs, including vegetated swales, riparian buffers, rain gardens, infi ltration basins and landscaping around detention basins can reduce the temperature impacts of stormwater prior to it entering nearby streams.

In urban settings, it can be a challenge to incorporate these BMPs into the stormwater design due to the limitations of space. However, planting a few trees and other vegetation along city streets or in parking lot islands in shopping centers, can make a considerable difference in minimizing thermal impacts of stormwater runoff in urban communities.

Above is an example of an urban planning strategy from Lancaster City’s Green Infrastructure Plan, which incorporates trees and other vegetation for addressing thermal impacts on stormwater. Take note of your local community. Is there an impervious space that would benefi t from a tree?

–Samantha Gordon, Erosion Control Technician

Figure 5-29: Stormwater planters used along a downtown street. Space should be allocated for people to get in and out of their vehicles and access the sidewalk.

SOU

RCE:

KEV

IN R

OBE

RT P

ERRY

- C

ITY

OF

PORT

LAN

D

53I M P L E M E N T I N G G R E E N I N F R A S T R U C T U R E I N N O R T H E R N K E N T U C K Y C O M M U N I T I E S

Figure 5-29: Stormwater planters used along a downtown street. Space should be allocated for people to get in and out of their vehicles and access the sidewalk.

SOU

RCE:

KEV

IN R

OBE

RT P

ERRY

- C

ITY

OF

PORT

LAN

D

Figure 5-28: Stormwater Planters With On-Street Parking-Plan View

IMPLEMENTATION

SOU

RCE:

NEV

UE

NG

AN

ASS

OC

IATE

S

it flows into the existing catch basin. An advantage of using planters in downtown areas is that they treat a given amount of water in tighter spaces because of their vertical walls. In addition, they add greenery and make the streetscape more appealing.

Figure 5-27: RETROFIT OPPORTUNITY: Same commercial street retrofitted with a series of stormwater planters.

OPPORTUNITY

SOU

RCE:

NEV

UE

NG

AN

ASS

OC

IATE

S

Figure 5-26: EXISTING: A commercial street in

5.2

52 S T O R M W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T H A N D B O O K

TYPICAL STREET

Lancaster County Conservation District1383 Arcadia Rd Rm 200Lancaster PA 17601-3149

NONPROFIT ORG.U S POSTAGE

PAIdLANCASTER PAPERMIT NO 409

IN THIS ISSUE:2016 TREE SEEdLING ORdER FORM

Thermal Impacts of Trees on Stormwater in Urban CommunitiesCITY OF LANCASTER GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE PLAN

IMAGE SOURCE, EPA 2010