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• Keywords: Soraism, Meiji, Confucianism, Post-Soraism
Kokugaku in the Meiji Restoration: Creating “Shint” from the Confusion of “Restoration” | BAE Kwan Mun In the transformative era spanning both the late Edo period and the beginning of the Meiji period,
the Kokugaku school led by Hirata Atsutane envisioned a revival of Shint and the imperial rule.
Nonetheless, this group of scholars lost dominance in the political stage due to the revolutionary out-
break of new government system right after they declared a “restoration.” Instead, scholars from Tsu-
wano area took the leading role in the modern administration for Shint and court rituals. This fact
demonstrates the frustration that the Hirata group went through. The narrative from Yoakemae[Before
the Dawn] written by Shimazaki Tson illustrates the same story. It seems clear that the restoration
envisioned by Kokugaku scholars was a complicated entanglement of opposing ideas including the Dec-
laration of Great Teaching and the controversy over rituals. Although it may be true that the influence
of Hirata group was limited and short-lasted, the fact that they established the foundation of national
Shint cannot be denied as their various ideas amalgamated into the modern Kokugaku studies.
• Keywords: Hirata Atsutane, Yano Harumichi, kuni Takamasa, Restoration Shint, State
Shint
How Tradition and Modernity Meet in the Body Politic?: Kaieda Nobuyoshi
and Lorenz von Stein’s Organicism | KIM Taejin Kaieda Nobuyoshi left a bizarre illustration of human body compared to the state while he attended
the lecture by Lorenz von Stein. However, it was somewhat different from the organicism explained
by Stein. In the previous study, Kaieda’s illustaration are estimated to have been influenced by the
Western medieval organicism, leading to a theoretical gap between Kaieda and Stein. But was this
really the case? A closer look suggests that there is considerable theoretical affinity between Kaieda’s
logic and traditional body politic metaphor in East Asia. However, this is not to say that Kaieda did
not quite get Stein’s logic, but rather he had appropriated Stein’s ideas with his understanding of the
traditional body politic. Not surprisingly, traditional world view inevitably influences the understanding
of new concept. It is why such a strange picture appeared. In that sense, the modernity in East Asia is
like a black box where the tradition and modernity mix.
• Keywords: Kaieda Nobuyoshi, Lorenz von Stein, body politic, modernity, organicism
About Meiji Art Association: Meiji Art and Japan’s ‘Modernity’ | OH Younjung The Meiji Art Association was founded by Western-style artists in 1889. Its major members studied
at the Kbu Bijutsu Gakk established by the Meiji government in 1876 for the education of
Western art. Here, the artists of the Meiji Art Association learned Western art which was superior
in realistic representation as a ‘technique’ required for the modernization of Japan. However, as the
artistic norm based on the modern Western categorization which distinguished art from technique
became universalised throughout art institutions including the Tokyo Art School and the Ministry of
4.