3rd presentation of the bib latex course

Introduction to LATEXSession #3

Oriol Borrega Pedro Tiago Martins

Universitat de Barcelona

February 4, 2013

Borrega & Martins (UB) Introduction to LATEX Session #3 February 4, 2013 1 / 29

Outline

1 A bit more on. . .. . . tables. . .. . . and sections.

2 ReferencesCross-referencesBibliography

3 Basic maths

A bit more on. . .

Outline

3 Basic maths

A bit more on. . . . . . tables. . .

What if I wanted to. . .

Col A Col B Col C Col D Col E

Row 1 A1 B1 C1 D1 E1

Row 2 A2-B2 C2 D2 E2

Row 3 A3-C3 D3 E3

Row 4 A4-D4 E4

Row 5 A5-E5

Table: A table with rows spanning over several columns

Easy peasy!

First, call the package in the preamble:

\usepackage{multicol}

Then, in the corresponding cell, specify the columns the cell mustspan over, its text alignment and vertical lines, and its content:

\multicolumn{3}{|c|}{Content of the cell}

Easy peasy!

First, call the package in the preamble:

\usepackage{multicol}

Then, in the corresponding cell, specify the columns the cell mustspan over, its text alignment and vertical lines, and its content:

\multicolumn{3}{|c|}{Content of the cell}

Ready!

First column Second column

First row MULTICOLUMN

Second row single column single column

\begin{table}[h]

\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}

\cline{2-3}

\multicolumn{1}{c|}{} & First column & Second column \\ \hline

First row & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{MULTICOLUMN} \\ \hline

Second row & single column & single column \\ \hline

\end{tabular}

\end{table}

Ready!

First column Second column

First row MULTICOLUMN

Second row single column single column

\begin{table}[h]

\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}

\cline{2-3}

\multicolumn{1}{c|}{} & First column & Second column \\ \hline

First row & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{MULTICOLUMN} \\ \hline

Second row & single column & single column \\ \hline

\end{tabular}

\end{table}

Text alignment within cells (and number of columns):\begin{tabular}{clr}Vertical lines: \begin{tabular}{|c|l|r|}Horizontal lines: \hline

Cells that span over several columns: \multicolumn{}{}{}Cells that span over several rows: \cline{}

Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4

Row A AboveRow B Below AboveRow C Below AboveRow D Below AboveRow E Below

Table: Today’s first exercise.

The solution

\begin{table}[h]

\centering

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}

\cline{2-5}

\multicolumn{1}{c|}{} & Column 1 & Column 2 & Column 3 & Column 4 \\ \hline

Row A & \multicolumn{4}{|l|}{Above} \\

\cline{1-2}

Row B & \multicolumn{1}{|r}{Below} & \multicolumn{3}{|l|}{Above} \\

\cline{1-1} \cline{3-3}

Row C & \multicolumn{2}{|r|}{Below}& \multicolumn{2}{|l|}{Above} \\

Row D & \multicolumn{3}{|r|}{Below}& \multicolumn{1}{l|}{Above} \\

Row E & \multicolumn{4}{|r|}{Below} \\ \hline

\end{tabular}

\caption{Today’s first exercise.}

\end{table}

A bit more on. . . . . . and sections.

Section: others

If we want sections to appear with a different name in the table ofcontents:

\section[Title for the ToC]{Real title of the section}

If we want sections not to appear in the table of contents:

\section*{Title of the section}

To include appendices (sections numbered in letters):

\appendix AT THE BEGINNING OF THEM ALL

To make an abstract:

\begin{abstract}

\end{abstract}

Section: others

\begin{abstract}

\end{abstract}

Section: others

\begin{abstract}

\end{abstract}

Section: others

\begin{abstract}

\end{abstract}

Section: others

To limit the depth of the table of contents:

\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} IN THE PREAMBLE

All possible levels and their depth:

-1 \part{title} NOT FOR ARTICLE

0 \chapter{title} NOT FOR ARTICLE

1 \section{title}

2 \subsection{title}

3 \subsubsection{title}

4 \paragraph{title}

Section: others

To limit the depth of the table of contents:

\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} IN THE PREAMBLE

All possible levels and their depth:

-1 \part{title} NOT FOR ARTICLE

0 \chapter{title} NOT FOR ARTICLE

1 \section{title}

2 \subsection{title}

3 \subsubsection{title}

4 \paragraph{title}

Yet another ‘copy what you see’ exercise. . .https://dl.dropbox.com/u/4636832/exercise2.rar

Download the file above. . .. . . and try to reproduce the file TocToc.pdf

References

Outline

3 Basic maths

References Cross-references

Label and refer

To refer to an element, first we must label it:

\label{sec:biology}

Once labeled, it can be refered to anywhere in the text:

\ref{sec:biology}

Or you can refer to the page the element is in:

\pageref{sec:biology}

Label and refer

\label{sec:biology}

\ref{sec:biology}

Label and refer

\label{sec:biology}

\ref{sec:biology}

What and how to label

You can label/reference almost anything: figures, tables, sections,items, equations,. . .

Where do I put the label?

sections Anywhere within the section (it is recommended toplace the label just after the \section{} command).

figures Just after the \caption{} (or within it).tables Just after the \caption{} (or within it).items Either after the \item label or after the item’s text. By

default, this only works in enumerations.

As labels grow in number, they might get messy.

Advice: use semantically meaningful labels.

chap:name chapter

sec:name section

fig:name figure

tab:name table

itm:keyword item

Table: The usual method of labelling in LATEX

Let’s try all this on the file exercise2.tex

First:1 Create an abstract at the beginning.2 Change the title of section 4 in the ToC to Interbreeding.3 Make section 5 disappear from the ToC.4 Make The sapiens ascent an appendix.

Then, build references to:1 Image 22 A table.3 A section4 A subsection.5 An item of a list.6 The page containing image 1.

References Bibliography

Bibliography: the basics

Bibliography is best managed with BibTeX, a sepparate extension toLaTeX.

References are stored in a .bib file.

The file is linked at the end of the main .tex file.

The style of the references is declared with the link to thebibliography.

The Bibliography .bib file

It is a database with all the references you wish to use in a specifiedformat.

Each type of publication needs some specific fields, and may haveadditional information.

A piece of advice: put all your references in a single file, and use it forany paper/thesis/abstract/whatever you are writting at the moment.

Hands on

@article{gibbons2011,

author = {Ann Gibbons},

title = {Who were the Denisovans?},

journal = {Science},

number = {333},

pages = {1084-87},

year = {2011}

Types of publications

compulsory optional@article author, title, journal, year volume, number, pages,

month, note

@book author/editor, title, publisher,year

address, edition, volume,number, series, month, note

@inproceedings author, title, booktitle, year editor, volume, number, se-ries, pages, address, month,organization, publisher, note

@inbook author/editor, title, chapterand/or pages, publisher, year

volume, number, series, type,address, edition, month, note

@phdthesis author, title, year, school address, month, keywords,note

@misc — auhor, title, howpublished,month, year, note

Table: Quick reference chart for types of publications and their fields.

And citing, actually

In text references are called using the label of the publication:

\cite{label}

\nocite{label}

The bibliography is displayed by calling the bib file at the end of thedocument:

\bibliography{exercise2}

\bibliographystyle{apalike}

\end{document}

And citing, actually

In text references are called using the label of the publication:

\cite{label}

\nocite{label}

The bibliography is displayed by calling the bib file at the end of thedocument:

\bibliography{exercise2}

\bibliographystyle{apalike}

\end{document}

Try it on the file exercise2.tex

1 Add Gibbons’ reference to the end of the last paragraph of section 4.

2 Add Gould’s reference to his citation at the beginning of thedocument.

3 Add Skoglund’s reference in the footnote

4 Change your bibliography style from apalike to plain

Bibliography styles

You can find online examples of bibliography styles

herehereand here

What if I like the author(year) format?

\usepackage{natbib} IN THE PREAMBLE, as always

\begin{document}

... \citet{label} ...

... \citep{label} ...

... \citep[e.g.,][]{label} ...

... \citep[see][p.103]{label} ...

... \citep[hereafter SJG, 89]{label} ...

\end{document}

Basic maths

Outline

3 Basic maths

Basic maths

Writing maths is easier than understanding maths

The maths environment allows for the use of lots of symbols:

Greek letters: α, β, ψ, ω, Σ, Θ, ΞArrows: →, , ↙, ⇔Logic: ∀, ∃, ∈, ⊆Maths:

√root, ÷, ≤, ≈

∑ni=0 i

3 =∫∞0

e−x2

dx =√π2

It is delimited by $ . . . $ (inline) or $$ . . . $$ (displayed)

To use it properly, call the amsmath packages in the preamble:

\usepackage{amsmath}

\usepackage{amsfonts}

\usepackage{amssymb}

Basic maths

√root, ÷, ≤, ≈

∑ni=0 i

3 =∫∞0

e−x2

dx =√π2

Basic maths

√root, ÷, ≤, ≈

∑ni=0 i

3 =∫∞0

e−x2

dx =√π2

Basic maths

A couple of examples...

(∀x)A(x)↔ ¬(∃x)B(x)

$(\forall x)A(x) \leftrightarrow \neg(\exists x)B(x)$

T[past] ↔ ∅ {√Hit}

$T_{[past]} \leftrightarrow \emptyset \ \_\_\{\sqrt{\textsc{Hit}}\}$

Basic maths

A couple of examples...

(∀x)A(x)↔ ¬(∃x)B(x)

$(\forall x)A(x) \leftrightarrow \neg(\exists x)B(x)$

T[past] ↔ ∅ {√Hit}

$T_{[past]} \leftrightarrow \emptyset \ \_\_\{\sqrt{\textsc{Hit}}\}$

Basic maths

Lists of symbols

Online, short reference guide.

PDF, comprehensive symbol list.

3rd presentation of the bib latex course

Documents

tex session

row c multicolumn

row d multicolumn

row b multicolumn

row e multicolumn

columnsecond column

hline cells

mul column