3g lte & imt-advanced...
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3G LTE & IMT-Advanced ServiceHSN 2006
February 22-24, 2006
3G LTE & IMT3G LTE & IMT--Advanced ServiceAdvanced ServiceHSN 2006HSN 2006
February 22-24, 2006
Dr. Hyeon Woo Lee
Global Standards & Research SAMSUNG [email protected]
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 1/32
Contents
3G LTECurrent status Air interface technologies (focusing on 3GPP) Network architecture technologies (focusing on 3GPP)
IMT-Advanced Service
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 2/32
Contents
3G LTECurrent status Air interface technologies (focusing on 3GPP) Network architecture technologies (focusing on 3GPP)
IMT-Advanced Service
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 3/32
Mobile Communication Roadmap
Mobility
HighSpeed
LowSpeed
4 G4 G
802.11b
CDMA2000 EV-DO/DV
W-CDMA/HSDPA
2.4 GHzWLAN
802.11a/g
CDMA/GSM/TDMA
WPANHigh speed
WLAN
MediumSpeed
WiBro802.16e
Wi-Max5 GHz WLAN
Bluetooth
RFIDZigBeeMANet
1995 2000 2005
<100 Mbps~ 14.4 kbps <50 Mbps384 kbps144 kbps
AMPSETACSJTACSNMT PAN
Data Rates
2010+
1G( Analog )
2G( Digital )
3G( IMT2000 )
3G+
LTE in 3GPP/2
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 4/32
3GPP Roadmap
UTRAN Long-Term Evolution (LTE)
Workshop
(2004.11)
20012000 20032002 20052004 20072006 2008 2009 2010
Standard
Release99/4 Release 5 Release 6 Release 7
HSDPA EDCH
MBMSIMS
Release 99/4 system
Release 5/6 systemCommercial
LTE & SAE specifications- Improved packet service - Improved coverage- Reduced latency
Evolution system
PoC
WLAN I/W
UTRA-UTRAN Long Term Evolution Study Item (TSG-RAN): Air Interface
System Architecture Evolution Study Item (TSG-SA): Network Architecture
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 5/32
3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE)
Evolution targetMax. data rate: 100 Mbps (downlink), 50 Mbps (uplink) @ 20 MHzImproved system throughputReduced user plane latency: less than 5msReduced control plane latency: less than 100msSupport of scalable system bandwidth: 1.25/2.5/5/10/15/20 MHz
LTE Schedule
FeasibilityStudy
122005
Study Item
63 6 9 12 32006 2007
6 9 12 3
Work Item
CoreSpecification
Requirement Decision
RAN-CN functional split Decision
RAN Architecture, Multiple access scheme Decision
Channel Structure, Mobility details Decision
Study Item TR ApprovalStage 2 Completion
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 6/32
3GPP Evolution – Air Interface
Major decisions made in December 2005Not support uplink macro diversity combiningDL OFDMA, UL SC-FDMA
Current statusWhole LTE concept evaluation to begin from March 2006Discussion on UL/DL multiple access details for evaluation
- Channel structure- Scheduling & link adaptation- Power control- Hybrid ARQ- Interference coordination/mitigation- Random access procedure- Cell search- MIMO, Channel Coding
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 7/32
3GPP Evolution – Network Architecture
Main objectivesRAN & CN architecture evolution for new air interface Support of heterogeneous access networks
- Mobility between heterogeneous access networks.
Current statusRAN Architecture
- Ciphering at anchor decided- Location of ARQ and RRC: either in Node B or Anchor (TBD)
Interworking with legacy 3G network (under discussion)- Direct connection with GPRS based 3G PS core; vs- IP based interworking (independent evolution of access
system)
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 8/32
3GPP2 Evolution Schedule
Phase 2
2007
1. Multi-Carrier EV-DO (CDMA)2. BW ≤ 20MHz (up to :15FAs)3. Peak data rate(3Mbps x N)
- FL: 45Mbps / RL: 30Mbps4. Publication : Feb, 2006
1. OFDM, MIMO, CDMA with FDE2. BW : ≤ 20MHz (1.25~)3. Peak data rate (20MHz)
- 100Mbps / 50Mbps4. Publication : April, 2007
2006
Phase 2 Framework Decision (2006-6)
Baseline Completion
Phase 2 Publication
Phase 1 Evolution Phase 2 Evolution
Phase 1 Publication
Phase 1
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 9/32
Framework proposal for Phase 2
Characteristics Pros & Cons
StrictlyBackward
Compatible(SBC)
Co-existing Legacy AT and new AT
FL: OFDMA and CDMA multiplexed in time slot
RL: CDMA or Hybrid OFDM-CDMA
- Smooth Migration from legacy system
- Performance loss due to backward compatibility
LooselyBackward
Compatible(LBC)
Legacy AT and new AT in separate carrier
Maximize reuse of existing upper layer
FL: OFDM / RL: OFDM-CDMA
- Optimized for broadband system
- Minimum backward compatibility
1. Lucent-Nortel-Samsung Proposal• Two modes (loosely and strictly backward compatible)• FDD (TDD TBD)
2. Nokia Proposal• Non-backward compatible OFDM FL (no RL details yet)• FDD
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 10/32
Contents
3G LTECurrent statusAir interface technologies (focusing on 3GPP) Network architecture technologies (focusing on 3GPP)
IMT-Advanced Service
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 11/32
OFDMA-based Downlink (1)
BenefitsImproved link performance and spectral efficiencyEasier to employ spatial multiplexing (MIMO) Frequency domain scheduling and link adaptation providespossibility for improved spectral efficiencyImproved coverage and spectral efficiency for broadcast servicesthrough straightforward soft radio-link combiningFully scalable bandwidth modes to suit varying spectrum allocationsModerate receiver complexity for high bandwidth channel
DrawbacksIncreased Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) not problem in Node B
up to 20 MHz
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 12/32
OFDMA-based Downlink (2)
Frame and sub-frame configurationSub-frame duration corresponds to the minimum downlink TTI. Concatenation of multiple sub-frames into longer TTIs is FFS
- Improved support for lower data rates and QoS optimization- Increased complexity
one frame = 10 ms
a sub-frame = 0.5ms
…
… …
20 sub-frames
7 or 6 OFDM symbols
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 13/32
OFDMA-based Downlink (3)
Transmission BW 1.25 MHz 2.5 MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz
Sub-frame duration 0.5 ms
Sub-carrier spacing 15 kHz
Sampling frequency 1.92 MHz(1/2 × 3.84 MHz) 3.84 MHz 7.68 MHz
(2 × 3.84 MHz)15.36 MHz(4 × 3.84 MHz)
23.04 MHz(6 × 3.84 MHz)
30.72 MHz(8 × 3.84 MHz)
FFT size 128 256 512 1024 1536 2048
Number of occupied sub-carriers†, †† 76 151 301 601 901 1201
Number of OFDM symbols per sub frame (Short/Long CP) 7/6
Short (4.69/9) × 6,(5.21/10) × 1*
(4.69/18) × 6,(5.21/20) × 1
(4.69/36) × 6,(5.21/40) × 4
(4.75/72) × 6,(5.21/80) × 1
(4.73/108) × 6,(5.21/120) × 1
(4.75/144) × 6,(5.21/160) ×1
Long (16.67/32) (16.67/64) (16.67/128) (16.67/256) (16.67/384) (16.67/512)
CP length (μs/samples)
†Includes DC sub-carrier which contains no data†† This is the assumption for the baseline proposal.
Somewhat more carriers may be possible to occupy in case of the wider bandwidth*: {(x1/y1) x n1, (x2/y2) x n2} means (x1/y1) for n1 OFDM symbols and (x2/y2) for n2 OFDM symbols
Numerology for evaluation
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 14/32
OFDMA-based Downlink (4)
Modulation scheme: QPSK, 16QAM, 64 QAMDownlink Data multiplexing
Support both localized (block-wise) and distributed transmissionLocalized transmission
- Beneficial for frequency selective scheduling
Distributed transmission- Beneficial for high mobile speed and broadcasting of common
information
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 15/32
OFDMA-based Downlink (5)
Reference signal (pilot) structureBaseline assumption: the second reference symbols always existTo be evaluated if the second reference symbols are needed
R1 : First reference symbol
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D R2 D D D D D R2 D D D D D R2 D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
0.5 ms
Frequency domain
R2 : Second reference symbol D : Data
D R1 D D D D D R1 D D D D D R1 D D D D D
D
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 16/32
OFDMA-based Downlink (6)
Channel coding and physical channel mappingHSDPA interleaver vs. circular buffer (as in cdma2000)Chunk-dependent modulation (baseline for evaluation) vs. chunk-independent modulation
Multiple transmit antenna techniquesMIMO: up to 4 × 4
- Spatial division multiplexing for a single user- Spatial division multiple access (SDMA) between multiple users
Open loop transmit diversityMacro Diversity
For unicast, the followings are being considered- Fast cell selection being considered- Downlink macro diversity for the cells of the same Node B
Soft combining for multi-cell broadcast signal- Need sufficient degree of inter-Node-B synchronization, at least
among a sub-set of Node B’s.
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 17/32
OFDMA-based Downlink (7)
HARQ: IR including Chase combiningPower Control
Being investigated for physical/L2-control signalling channel, at least for tracking path loss and shadowing
Inter-cell interference mitigation Processing/coding gain in combination with cell-specific scrambling Receiver technologies suppressing inter-cell interferenceInter-cell-interference co-ordination/avoidance
UE measurements Channel quality of each resource block Adjustable time/frequency granularity of the CQI reportingInter-frequency and inter-RAT handover measurements periods
- To be created by the scheduler (no compressed mode)
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 18/32
SC-FDMA based Uplink (1)
Single-carrier transmission to reduce the PAPRTransmitter structure for SC-FDMA
Support of both localized and distributed transmissionLocalized transmission for frequency domain schedulingDistributed transmission to get frequency diversity gain
DFT Sub-carrier Mapping
CP insertion
Size-NTX Size-NFFT
Coded symbol rate= R
NTX symbols
IFFT
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 19/32
SC-FDMA based Uplink (2)
Sub-frame structureShort block for pilot or data symbol and long block for data symbolMinimum TTI is equal to the uplink sub-frame duration
- Concatenation of multiple sub-frames into longer uplink TTIsbeing considered
CP LB#1 CPCP SB#1
1 sub-frame = 0.5 msec
LB#6CP LB #2 CP LB #3 CP LB #4 CP LB #5 CP SB #2
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 20/32
SC-FDMA based Uplink (3)
Numerology for evaluation
SpectrumAllocation
(MHz)
Sub-frameDuration
(ms)
Long block size(μs/#of occupied
subcarriers /samples*2)
Short block size(μs/#of occupied
subcarriers /samples)
CP duration(μs/samples *1)
20 0.5 66.67/1200/2048 33.33/600/1024 (4.13/127) × 7,(4.39/135) × 1*
15 0.5 66.67/900/1536 33.33/450/768 (4.12/95) × 7,(4.47/103) × 1*
10 0.5 66.67/600/1024 33.33/300/512 (4.1/63) × 7,(4.62/71) × 1*
5 0.5 66.67/300/512 33.33/150/256 (4.04/31) × 7,(5.08/39) × 1*
2.5 0.5 66.67/150/256 33.33/75/128 (3.91/15) × 7,(5.99/23) × 1*
1.25 0.5 66.67/75/128 33.33/38/64 (3.65/7) × 7,(7.81/15) × 1*1
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 21/32
SC-FDMA based Uplink (4)
Modulation Scheme: QPSK, 16QAMUplink reference signal (pilot) structure being considered
Distributed (left) and localized (right) reference-signal structure
Reference-signal orthogonality in frequency domain (left) and “code” domain (right) respectively.
Frequency-domain staggering of the reference signals of SB2, relative to SB1
Reference signal #1 Reference signal #2 Reference signal #3 765 111098 141312
3028282726252423151413 1716 1918 2120 2212111098
765 111098 141312
DC subcarrier
Long Block
Short Block 1
Short Block 2
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 22/32
SC-FDMA based Uplink (5)
Multiplexing of L1/L2 control signaling and dataTDM is preferred by many companies due to concern on possible PAPR increaseFDM to prevent the link budget problem is FFS
Random access procedureTiming synchronizationNetwork access
SDMA support (e.g. virtual MIMO)PAPR-reducing modulation
E.g., π/4-QPSK, π/2-BPSK
SchedulingScheduling-based transmission for normal dataContention-based transmission at least for random access and scheduling request
Even symbols Odd symbols
π/4-QPSK π/2-BPSK
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 23/32
SC-FDMA based Uplink (6)
Power controlTransmission power control to compensate for at least path loss and shadowing Benefits and possible means for compensating also for fast (multi-path) fading to be investigated
HARQIR including Chase combiningSynchronous HARQ assumed, adaptive asynchronous HARQ is FFS
Uplink timing controlAlign uplink transmissions from multiple users within the cyclic prefix
Inter-cell interference mitigation Co-ordination/avoidance i.e. by fractional re-use of time/frequency resourcesInter-cell-interference randomization via scramblingFrequency domain spreading
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 24/32
Contents
3G LTECurrent status Air interface technologies (focusing on 3GPP) Network architecture technologies (focusing on 3GPP)
IMT-Advanced Service
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 25/32
【GTP routing】GGSN is needed in any case.
Enhanced Routing Based on IP Technology
IP based routing enables reduction of RTT delayExample proposal being discussed
S3G RNC??
GGSN
RNC
GTP routing IP routing
UE
AR (Router)
NodeB
3G RAN Architecture
【Optimum routing】Transmission via minimum route is possible.
New RAN Architecture?
More suitable for broadband
and ubiquitous
packet access
SGSN
NodeB
UEUE UE
NodeBNodeB
UEUE
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 26/32
Intelligent Node B with More Functionalities
Having more functionalities in Node B simplifies network architectureExample proposal being discussed
ALL IP NW
S3G Node B
IP
MAC/RRC
PHY
All basic functionfor operation
Ethernet
Radio NW
Multi-cellRRM/RRC
Inter-RATcontrol
In later stage, some upper layer functions can be added to improve system performance.
PHY
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 27/32
Restructuring of Network Elements
User plane and control plane separationOptimized routing and handling of user plane and control plane throughout the system (interfaces, network elements)Example proposal being considered
- Keep C-plane functions (e.g. mobility control) in RNC- “Direct U-plane” between “Intelligent Node B” and SGSN
Convergence of control nodesSimplified network architecture helps reduce latencyExample proposal being considered
- Merge RNC and SGSN into single node
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 28/32
Contents
3G LTECurrent status Air interface technologies (focusing on 3GPP) Network architecture technologies (focusing on 3GPP)
IMT-Advanced Service
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 29/32
Key features of IMT-Advanced
Key features of IMT-AdvancedConvergence among other mobile/wireless systems
- Provide seamless connection- Various Services & QoS satisfying users’ demand
What is different from 3G- Data rate: 100Mbps for high mobility, 1Gbps for low mobility- Provision of Similar degree of QoS to wireline communication
service- Global Roaming- Handover between Heterogeneous access networks - All IP network
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 30/32
Expected IMT-Advanced Service
Ubiquitous Network
HOMEOFFICE
TELEMATICS COMMERCE
HEALTH
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 31/32
Heterogeneous N/Ws for IMT-Advanced service
All IP N/W
3G/ WiBro/4G
Mobile
Hot Spot
WLAN/ Wi-MAX
Nomadic
AccessGatewaySoft Switch
Wireline
Ad-hoc N/W
MANet
OPEN API
Application Server
Sensor N/W
Samsung Electronics. Co. Ltd. 32/32
IMT-Advanced architecture
Thank you !Thank you [email protected]