3-D Password Scheme

For more secure authentication

Authentication

Authentication is a process of validating who are you to whom you claimed to be

Human authentication techniques are as follows:

1. Knowledge Base (What you know)2. Token Based(what you have)

3. Biometrics(what you are)

4. Recognition Based(What you recognise)

Common Authentication Techniques used in computer world1. Textual Passwords(Recall Based)-:Recall

what you have created before.

2. Graphical Passwords: (Recall Based+Recognition Based)

Biometric schemes (fingerprints,voice recognition etc)

Drawbacks

Textual Password:◦ Textual Passwords should be easy to

remember at the same time hard to guess◦ Full password space for 8 characters

consisting of both numbers and characters is 2 X 10¹⁴

◦ From an research 25% of the passwords out of 15,000 users can guessed correctly by using brute force dictionary

Drawbacks

Graphical Password◦ Graphical passwords can be easily

recorded as these schemes take a long time.

◦ One main drawback of applying biometric is its intrusiveness upon a users personnel characteristics.

◦ They require special scanning device to authenticate the user which is not acceptable for remote and internet users.

3D PASSWORD SCHEME

The 3D Password scheme is a new authentication scheme that combine

RECOGNITION + RECALL +TOKENS +BIOMETRICIn one authentication system

The 3D password presents a virtual environment containing various virtual objects.

The user walks through the environment and interacts with the objects

The 3d Password is simply the combination and sequence of user interactions that occur in the 3D environment

3D Password selectionVirtual objects can be any object we

encounter in real life:A computer on which the user can typeA fingerprint reader that requires users fingerprintA paper or white board on which user can typeA Automated teller(ATM) machine that requires a tokenA light that can be switched on/offA television or radioA car that can be drivenA graphical password scheme

For EXAMPLE: Let us assume the user enters a virtual

office then performs the following action: (10,24,91) Action=Open office door (10,24,91) Action=Close office door (4,34,18) Action=Tpeine,”C” (4,34,18) Action=Typing,”O” (4,34,18)Action=Typing,”N” (10,24,80)Action=Pick up the pen (1,18,80)Action=Draw point=(330,130)

3D Passwords Differentiators Flexibility:3D Passwords allows Multifactor

authentication biometric , textual passwords can be embedded in 3D password technology.

Strength: This scenario provides almost unlimited passwords possibility.

Ease to Memorize: can be remembered in the form of short story.

Respect of Privacy: Organizers can select authentication schemes that respect users privacy.

3D Password Application AreasCritical ServersNuclear and military FacilitiesAirplanes and JetFightersATMs,Desktop and Laptop Logins, Web

Authentication

Attacks and CountermeasuresBrute Force Attack: The attack is very difficult

because1. Time required to login may vary form 20s to 2 min

therefore it is very time consuming.2. Cost of Attack: A 3D Virtual environment may contain

biometric object ,the attacker has to forge all biometric information.

Well Studied Attack: Attacker tries to get the most probable distribution of 3D Password. This is difficult because attacker has to perform customized attack fo different virtual environment .

Shoulder Surfing Attacks: Attacker uses camera to record the users 3D passwords.This attack is more succesful

Timing Attack: The Attacker observes how long it takes the legitimate user to perform correct log in using 3D Password.which gives an indication of 3-D Passwords length.This attack cannot be succesful since it gives the attacker mere hints.

QUERIES ??...