MULTIFUNCTIONAL GOVERNANCE AND WATER RIGHTS IN IRRIGATION

SYSTEMS

1. Utility providing water in timely and efficient manner to farmers

2. The basis for the agricultural economy3. Main part of the physical landscape

WHAT IS IRRIGATION?

SIZE OF THE SYSTEM MATTERS

OBJECTIVE MATTERS

IRRIGATION HYDROLOGY MATTERS

RELATION TO LARGER ENVIRONMENT MATTERS

POLITICAL CONTEXT MATTERS

WHAT IMPACTS GOVERNANCE

GOOD GOVERNANCE OR EFFECTIVE GOVERNANCE

“the process by which water resources are managed through the application of responsibility, participation, information availability, transparency, custom, and rule of law. It is the art of coordinating administrative actions and decision making between and among different jurisdictional levels

or

“ the process of achieiving fair objectives for water resource use and development – including the positioning of different stakes and interests’

PRINCIPLES• Having a mechanism for prioritization• Ability to deliver stated goals and be at least ‘problem

and action oriented’• Cooperation and engagement of active and informed

water users and potential polluters• Integration with other domains that effect water such

as land use management• Based on effective mechanisms: finances, functioning

legal system, evidence based monitoring, communication

EFFECTIVE WATER GOVERNANCE

•BALANCED AND PRIORITIZED NEEDS•BALANCED FUNCTIONS•SECURITY AND SUSTAINABILITY•INTEGRATED DIFFERENT WATER SOURCES

EFFECTIVE GOVERNANCE OF IRRIGATION SYSTEM

IWRM IN IRRIGATION

MULTIPLE WATERREOSURCES

MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS

ACHIEVE BALANCEDOBJECTIVES

LONG TERMAND BROAD

SUSTAINABILITY

WATER RESOURCE SYSTEM

TIME

MULTIFUNCTIONALITY

• Direct use of the water• Direct use of the infrastructure (dam, storage,

canal and embankments)• Effect on the hydrological environment

– Moisture/ dryness of top soil– Shallow groundwater– Recapture of excess surface water

• Effect on public health

MULTIFUNCTIONALITY OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

MULTIFUNCTIONALITY OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

1. Water for crops2. Controlling water table for agricultural production3. Domestic water supply4. Washing functions5. Livestock water supply6. Fisheries7. Industrial water supply (including brick killns)8. Energy generartion (hydel, water mills)9. Firefighting resources10. Water supply to other users

11. Increased property values of land near water fronts12. Leisure opportunities – water based recreationl13. Local navigation 14. Use of canal and drain bank for tree cultivation15. Defense lines16. Use of canal and drain banks for transportation (embankment roads)17. Effluent disposal

Direct use of water

Direct use of infrastructure

MULTIFUNCTIONALITY OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

18. Improving land accessibility19. Reduced damage to built up property by controlling soil moisture20. Improving soil chemistry21. Buffering water stock for drought periods (groundwater)22. Improved protection against floods23. Generating water for reuse24 Greenhouse gas emission25 Miceo climate26 Land comsidlation or reclamation27 Aquatic diversity

28. Incidence of water borne vector diseases (human, liivestock)29. Environmental sanitation and healthy/ clean environment

Hydrologicalenvironment

Public health

Canals and drains serve many functions and their management is essential for the livelihoods of all stakeholders in the area

Drinking water

Fishery

Industry

Agriculture

Groundwater recharge

Etc

Many stakeholders

• FUNCTIONS

• VALUES

• STAKEHOLDERS

FRAMEWORK

Waste transport

Farmers

Tail end re-use for irrigation

Agricultural drainage

Drains

Waterlogging & salinity

Landscape Functions Stakeholders Issues

Seawater intrusion at high tide

Municipalities

Tail end farmers

Drains

Lack of treatmentSugar mills

Drainage of excess rainwater

Fishing

Cattle drenching

Fishermen

Farmers

No access for animals provided causing damage to drains

All inhabitants and users of the area

Obstruction of natural drainage by combined effect of LBOD and high tide.

Waste transport

Farmers

Drinking water

Irrigation water

Canals

Shortage

Landscape Functions Stakeholders Issues

Pollution

Municipalities

All inhabitants

Canals

Lack of treatment is a danger to public health, agriculture, fisheries, nature

Insufficient supply at tail ends

Inequal distribution

Industries

DO THE SAME FOR GROUNDWATER

• STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT• TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT

• FINANCES AND ADMINISTRATION

LINK TO