37919 08 ch08 308....this chapter is the last one that discusses civil 3d roadway design basics....

CHAPTER

8Cross-Sectionsand Volumes

INTRODUCTION

This chapter is the last one that discusses Civil 3D roadway design basics. Chapters 5, 6,and 7 covered creating the horizontal alignment, profiles, and corridor. This chapter cov-ers creating cross-sections that document the design. Cross-sections document the road-way assembly and the existing ground to the alignment’s right and left.

OBJECTIVES

This chapter focuses on the following topics:

• Roadway Cross-Section Settings

• Sample Line Groups

• Roadway Volumes Review

• Importing Cross-Sections

• Annotating Design Results

• Creating Section Sheets

• Creating Plan and Profile Sheets

• Assigning Pay Items

• Creating Pay Item Reports

OVERVIEWThe design itself is not necessarily the design process’s end. While a design solvesengineering issues, it must be reviewed, documented, and have calculated volumes(see Figure 8.1). The alignment and profile view documents the design’s horizontaland side views. The last view, cross-sections, completes the design documentation.This view looks from the design’s starting station toward the highest station with anoffset from left to right of the centerline. A left offset is always a negative value, and aright offset is always a positive value.

308

© 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Offset’s overall left-to-right distance is known as swath width, and it is wider than theRight-of-Way (ROW). ROW distances may vary along a road’s path, but the swathwidth stays the same. Swath width distance is an office standard or mandated value.

Civil 3D samples a corridor with sample line group. A corridor can have any numberof sample line groups documenting a corridor. By applying different styles and sam-pling different data, each group produces completely different-looking sections. Ifyou add new data to a corridor—for example, a pipe network—the sample linesneed to be resampled.

After you create sample lines, next you will create section views. To create sectionviews, you use one of three methods: individual, as a page(s), or all sections. A sectionview is a grid with basic annotation. Much like profile views, a section view can havebands. Even though it defines annotation for all grid axes and extra band annotation,it is the Section View style’s Display settings that control what is visible.

The process of creating a section view draws the grid, its annotation, and its sections(existing ground and the corridor). Other sampled sections may not be displayed, butare used for material and earthwork volumes (corridor shapes and Datum).

Section annotation comes from two different style groups: Section and General’sMultipurpose. The section styles annotate a sampled surface’s offsets and elevations,grade breaks, etc. These label types are not frequently used in section views. General’sMultipurpose styles use the corridor as their label data: grades/slopes; offsets; and ele-vations from the roadway assembly points, links, and shapes. These styles are the typ-ical sections view labels.

Unit 1Section’s settings and styles are the first unit’s focus. There are three style types thataffect sections: sample lines, section views, and sections. Each type has its own EditFeature Settings that contain values for each object type. These styles control layernames, sampling, annotation (spot and grade), and page layout.

Surface(s)

AlignmentsHorizontalRoadwayAlignment

ProfilesVerticalRoadwayAlignment

Roadway Volumes

CreateAssembly

Cross SectionsCorridor

FIGURE 8.1


Chap t e r 8 • Cro s s - S e c t i o n s and Vo l ume s 309

Unit 2The second unit’s focus is a sample line group and its sections.

Unit 3After sampling the corridor, the section commands create views that contain sampledsections. Unit 3 covers importing sections and their annotation. This unit also dis-cusses section view properties.

Unit 4Unit 4 reviews General’s Multipurpose styles and what they annotate within a sectionview.

Unit 5This unit focuses on earthwork calculations, material estimates for quantity takeoffs,and pay items.

UNIT 1: CROSS-SECTION SETTINGS AND STYLES

There are myriad settings and styles for sections and section views. Of the styles, sec-tion and section view styles are the most complex.

EDIT DRAWING SETTINGSThe Edit Drawing Settings dialog box affects basic object layers and their initial va-lues (see Figure 8.2). If a project contains more than one section sample line group, itis best to assign either a prefix or suffix to the base object layer name. This placessample lines, sections, and section views on their own layer.

FIGURE 8.2


310 Harn e s s i n g Au t oCAD Civ i l 3D 2011

EDIT FEATURE SETTINGSEach object type’s Edit Feature Settings dialog box assigns initial values to sampleline, section view, and section elements. These values affect styles and commandsthat are lower in their respective branches.

Sample LineSample Line’s Edit Feature Settings dialog box includes assigning object and labelstyles and defining their naming convention (see Figure 8.3).

Section ViewSection View’s Edit Feature Settings dialog box sets section view object styles, labelstyles, plotting styles, and the default Add Labels command styles (see Figure 8.4).The settings also assign the initial band style and label placement. Whether workingwith band or label sets, their names are an alias for a collection of styles.

A Section Label Set defines what section labels appear in the section view. GroupPlot Style defines how to organize the sections in a drawing. The last step is definingthe section view naming convention.

FIGURE 8.3



SECTIONSection’s Edit Feature Settings dialog box defines initial styles for a section and theirnaming convention (see Figure 8.5).

FIGURE 8.4

FIGURE 8.5



OBJECT STYLESEach sample line, section, or section view has an object style. The style defines itsshape and component layer names and display properties.

Sample LineSample line object styles assign layers and their properties to the sample line object(see Figure 8.6).

SECTION VIEWSection view object styles assign grid properties, title, basic annotation, and layers andtheir properties.

Graph PanelThis panel controls section’s vertical exaggeration. Traditionally, a vertical scale is a10:1 ratio (horizontal scale/vertical).

GridGrid defines its clipping parameters, station padding, and axes offset. Clipping removesone or both grids above their line work. Padding places one or more grid lines aroundthe sections, and axes offset pushes the axes outward from the grid (see Figure 8.7).

FIGURE 8.6



Title AnnotationTitle Annotation’s left side defines a section view’s title, size, location, text style, jus-tification, and if it has a border. Title Annotation’s right side defines axes titles, theircontent, and properties. See Figure 8.8.

FIGURE 8.7

FIGURE 8.8



Horizontal AxesHorizontal Axes defines a section view’s major and minor stationing annotation (seeFigure 8.9). A section view has vertical lines that demark and annotate horizontalsection offsets. The panel’s left side defines the major offset distance and its annota-tion for a grid’s top and bottom. The panel’s right side defines minor station intervaland its annotation. Major and minor settings are for size, text style, height, and otherproperties. The text icons display the Text Component Editor, thus giving access tothe offset label’s format (precision, sign, and so on).

Vertical AxesVertical Axes defines a section view’s elevation annotation. A Section view has hori-zontal lines that demark and annotate elevations. This panel’s controls are similar tothose on the Horizontal Axes panel, except they affect the annotation of a view’selevations.

DisplayEven though a view style has tick, label, and title definitions for each axis, the Displaypanel settings control what the style actually displays.

SECTIONA section style assigns the component’s layer names and properties (see Figure 8.10).

FIGURE 8.9



LABEL STYLESCivil 3D has label styles for sample lines, section views, and sections.

Sample LinesA sample line label style defines the sample line, its look, and any notations (generallya station value) (see Figure 8.11).

FIGURE 8.10

FIGURE 8.11



Section View Band SetSection views can have station annotation as a band above or below the grid (seeFigure 8.12). A band set is an alias that includes several individual styles. By chang-ing a section’s band set, a section view’s annotation may radically change.

In a section’s Properties dialog box, users can modify the section’s assigned labelstyles. This is done by clicking the Band Type drop-list arrow, selecting the desiredstyle, and adding it to the styles list.

If the section view has band sets above and below, assign them in a band set. Whenyou are creating a section view, the assignment of above and below band sets is notrecognized. The alternative is assigning the band sets to individual section views in adrawing.

Band Set StylesA band set style’s Band Details panel defines the title and it properties: text style,height, location, etc. (see Figure 8.13).

The panel’s right side defines each label type listed at the dialog box’s center. To view,create, or modify a label’s values, from the list label type, select a type and click theCompose Label… button. The Label Style Composer displays a selected label’s def-inition (see Figure 8.14).

The panel’s upper right defines if the label has any ticks and, if it does, their size.

Even though the Display panel contains all possible label components and ticks, theDisplay panel settings determine what is actually displayed.

FIGURE 8.12



FIGURE 8.13

FIGURE 8.14



Section DataThese styles have six possible functions: major and minor increment, centerline, sam-ple line vertices, grade breaks, and incremental distance. The properties used by theselabels include distance from centerline, offset from centerline, and elevations fromSection1 (generally Existing) or Section2 (proposed). The style types include majorstation offset, EG elevation, and FG elevations.

Section SegmentThese styles annotate section segment lengths, slopes, elevations, offset sides, etc.

Section View — Spot Label StylesThese styles label selected points within a section view. The Add Labels dialog boxlists these styles and places them in a drawing, and are discussed in Unit 4 of thischapter.

Section Label StylesSection label styles annotate section offset and elevation, grade break elevations, andsegment values (length, grade, etc.). These styles are not roadway section annotation.Corridor section annotation comes from theMultipurpose code set styles. These are apart of the Unit 4 discussion of section annotation.

Section Label SetsA section label set is an alias for a collection of several individual styles (see Figure 8.15).Changing the section label style’s list may completely change a section’s annotation.

Label sets use a combination of the following label type styles: Major andMinor Off-sets, Grade Breaks, and Segments.

Major and Minor OffsetsMajor and Minor Offset styles label a section’s offset and elevation at a major andminor increment.

FIGURE 8.15



Grade BreakGrade Break styles label a grade break’s offset, grade, and length.

SegmentSegment styles label a section’s segment length and grade.

COMMAND SETTINGSSample lines, section view, and sections commands contain critical values that deter-mine swath widths, section spacing, and default ranges, default styles, etc.

Create Sample LinesThe Ribbon’s Home tab, Profile & Section View panel’s, Sample Lines command set-tings affect how the corridor is sampled (see Figure 8.16). The Default Swath Widthssection defines a sample line’s maximum left and right offset. The Sampling Incre-ments section defines if the sampling is incremental, and, if incremental, the samplinginterval for tangents, curves, and spirals segments. Additional Sample Controls sectionsettings determine which additional sample lines to create: beginning and ending align-ment stations, horizontal geometry points, and critical superelevation stations.

The Miscellaneous section Lock to Station setting, when true, tells the sample linesto update if the alignment changes.

After creating a sample line group, Prospector displays all sample line data under thealignment. This list includes the surface names, corridors, and pipe networks that area part of the section’s data.

FIGURE 8.16



Section View — Create Section ViewCreate Section View or Create Multiple Section View command settings are thesame (see Figure 8.17). The Default Styles section assigns section view, band sets,section labels styles, section view group plot, and default Add Labels styles. TheDefault Name Format section defines the section views naming convention.

SUMMARY

• The section view is the most complex Civil 3D object.

• A section samples surface, corridor stations, and/or pipe networks along an align-ment’s path.

• If you are designing pipe networks, it is best to design them before you createsample lines.

• A section view is a grid with sections within it.

• A section view has annotation on all four axes, plus it has bands that appear at itstop and bottom.

• When you create a section view, the command assigns the section label stylesand/or sets.

UNIT 2: CREATE SAMPLE LINES

Sample lines are the link between a corridor and a section view and its sections. It iseasiest to first define all corridor content before you create sample lines. For example,if you are creating sample lines and then you add a piping network, the sample linegroup must be resampled with the pipe network data.

FIGURE 8.17



CREATE SAMPLE LINESThe process starts by identifying which roadway elements to sample (see Figure 8.18).The Create Sample Line Group dialog box reports the sample line group name format(upper left), the current sample line style, label style, and layer (upper right), and thealignment in the middle left.

The dialog box’s lower half lists all elements available for sampling along the namedalignment. There are four types of section data: surface(s), corridors, corridorsurface(s), and pipe network(s). Each data type has a unique icon. The dialog boxidentifies each potential data source, if sampled, and uses the style, layer, and updat-ing mode listed to the source’s right. At this point, it is best to set the styles for eachdata type.

After you identify sample elements and click OK, the Sample Line Tools toolbar isdisplayed. The Sample Line Tools toolbar creates sample lines, views their content,and deletes individual sample lines (see Figure 8.19). Users can define sample lines bystations, by selecting drawing points, by selecting existing polylines, by a stationrange, or from the corridor sections. When you define sample lines, you can use acombination of sampling methods (for example, by station range and by selectingpoints along the centerline of the corridor). After you create sample lines, the toolbarreverts to defining sample lines by stations.

At the toolbar’s center is the current sample line group (SLG), at its lower left is thecurrent definition method, and at the lower right is the current alignment. Creatingsample line methods are in an icon stack on the toolbar’s middle right.

The toolbar has editing tools and tools to delete existing groups, create new groups,and review a sample line’s values.

FIGURE 8.18



The By Station method uses a station jig to identify a station and then prompts forthe left and right swath width. When you use By range of stations… or From corri-dor stations, the methods display the Create Sample Lines – By Station Range dialogbox (see Figure 8.20). This dialog box sets right and left swath width and the sam-pling increments.

If you are creating sample lines where existing sample lines are duplicated, a warning di-alog box opens and has options to resolve the sample line duplication (see Figure 8.21).You can resolve duplicates by adding them as new, overwriting old sample line data,or ignoring new sample line data. You can also use the duplicates to append to thecurrent sample line group or you can delete the existing list and replace it with theduplicate data.

FIGURE 8.20

FIGURE 8.19



The Sample Line Tools toolbar has a cell-based viewer that displays a section’s prop-erties (see Figure 8.22). To view a section’s Sample Line properties editor, click theSelect/Edit Sample Line icon, and select a sample line. At the Editor’s bottom arebuttons that display the section’s previous or next vertex’s information (Center, Left 1,and Right 1).

FIGURE 8.21

FIGURE 8.22



EDITING AND REVIEWING SAMPLE LINESReviewing and editing sample lines occurs in the Sample Line Tools toolbar. Thetoolbar’s SampleLine Entity view icon displays the Edit Sample Line dialog box.The Ribbon’s Modify, Section panel’s Edit Sample lines command displays the Sam-ple Line Tools toolbar and presents the Edit Sample Line dialog box.

SAMPLE LINE GROUP PROPERTIESEach Sample Line Group has a multi-tabbed Properties dialog box. The Informationtab sets the group’s name. The Sections tab lists all sample lines, and Edit GroupLabels modifies the sample line group’s labeling. The Sections tab lists the sampledcorridor components. The panel lists the objects sampled when creating the samplelines (see Figure 8.23). If you want to calculate quantities, this list must include sur-faces and/or a corridor for the material lists defined in the Material List tab. Materiallists are the focus of this chapter’s Unit 5. Clicking the Sample more sources… but-ton displays the Section Sources dialog box (see Figure 8.24). Section Sources addsand removes components from section sampling. After you change the componentslist and click OK, Section Sources resamples the sections.

The Section Views tab lists all sections that are using the sample line group’s data. Asmentioned before, the Material List tab contains the definitions for quantities.

FIGURE 8.23



SAMPLE LINE PROPERTIESThe Sample Line Properties dialog box’s tabs lists data (name, alignment, number, andstation), sampled components, and views using the section’s data (see Figures 8.25 and8.26). In Prospector’s Preview, select a sample line and press the right mouse button todisplay a shortcut menu with a Properties… pick. The menu also includes zooming toand deleting the selected sample line (see Figure 8.27).

FIGURE 8.24

FIGURE 8.25



FIGURE 8.26

FIGURE 8.27



SUMMARY

• Sample lines sample what exists along an alignment.

• It is best to have all data present before you create the sample lines.

• If you add data to a corridor, you must resample the sample lines.

• Define sample lines first by station range, by corridor sections, by selecting mul-tiple points, by existing polylines, and by points, and then specify their left andright offsets.

• Sample line’s properties list individual section vertices, the sample line’s station,and what section views use its data.

• A sample line lists its sections and their styles.

• Corridor sections use styles from the General, Multipurpose style list.

UNIT 3: CREATING ROAD SECTIONS

The last step in documenting a roadway design is to create the section views. Com-mands import sections one at a time, all at once (as an array), or as organized sectionpages.

Section views contain section offset and elevation data. Sections contain within themall of their data and can be relocated anywhere in the drawing without affecting theirdata. To create section sheets, you must take care when planning and experimentingwith settings that affect their creation.

Civil 3D has two section view creation methods. The first is creating the views in adrawing’s model space. All that is needed is to create a border for the sections and plotthem. The second method publishes the section views to model space, but uses a lay-out to create each page of sections. This process takes two steps; first plotting the sec-tions to the drawing’s model space and then using a Create Section Sheets command.The section sheets are layouts in the current drawing. If you are creating severalsheets, you may want to create them is a drawing that is only for cross-sections.

CREATE SECTION VIEWCreate Section View displays the Create Section View wizard. The General panel setsthe alignment, section and its station, sample line group, the section view name, thesection view style, and its layer (see Figure 8.28).



The Offset Range panel sets the sampled offset or a user-specified value for the sec-tion view.

The Elevation Range panel sets the sampled elevation range or a user-specified rangefor the section view.

Section Display Options list the section’s components with drafting, styles, and label-ing options (see Figure 8.29). You may have to change settings that do not carryoverfrom previous commands.

FIGURE 8.28

FIGURE 8.29



Data Bands assigns the data band type and its location (see Figure 8.30).

Section View Tables assign tables associated with material lists. This will be the focusfor this chapter’s Unit 5.

CREATE MULTIPLE VIEWSCreate Multiple Views uses the same interface as Create Section View, but haschanges to the first panel. These changes include the station range and assigning agroup plotting style (see Figure 8.31).

FIGURE 8.30

FIGURE 8.31



GROUP PLOT STYLESWhen plotting more than one section, a group plotting is necessary. A group plot’sstyles define section view sheets or arrays.

Plot by PageA page style defines a sheet for sections.

Array PanelArray defines the section’s distribution (rows or columns), number of sections (perrow/column), and the rows/columns spacing between the sections (see Figure 8.32).The spacing distance (on the left) is the number of grid lines between views. A sheetstyle defines the grid size.

The panel’s lower left sets the array’s beginning point (such as the Lower Left corner),section justification (Centerline), and if section cells are Uniform Per Row, Column(variable width), or All (same width for all). Uniform per row or column means thesections in the column or row have the same number of horizontal or vertical cells.Uniform for all means all sections have the same number of horizontal and verticalcells based upon the page’s widest and tallest section.

Plot Area PanelPlot Area defines the major and minor grid spacing for the page (see Figure 8.33).

FIGURE 8.32



SHEET SIZE STYLEA sheet size style sets a section sheet’s plotting area (see Figure 8.34). The sheet sizesand margins should reflect the plotter’s specifications.

The margins define space around the sheet’s edge, thus allowing a border to be any-where on the sheet. The panel’s left side defines a horizontal and vertical spacing gridfor the sheet’s printable area. The grid acts as a section location “snap.” Group plotstyles use these values to determine a section’s horizontal and vertical spacinglocation.

When you are setting a sheet size and the page layout is set to Default (Model), themodel space page setupmust be set to the same sheet size. For example, if you set thesheet size to D (24�36), make sure the model space tab plot setup is for a D sizesheet. The same is true if using Default (Layout). The paper space layout must matchthe size that existed prior to creating the section views.

FIGURE 8.33



Plot AllPlot All plots all sections in an array defined by the Array tab’s settings (see Figure 8.35).

FIGURE 8.34

FIGURE 8.35



SECTION VIEW BAND SETWhen you create section views, a traditional section band labels only offsets. A Sec-tion View Band set may also include EG (existing) and FG (top of corridor) surfaceelevations. If you are using surface elevations, they must be assigned in the CreateSection View or Create Multiple Section View commands. The Data Bands panelmakes the assignments (see Figure 8.30).

ERASING EXISTING SECTION VIEWSIf you are erasing and you want to re-create the existing section views, the sample linegroupmust be resampled. Resampling is a Section LineGroups’ property. A better strat-egy is to save the drawing, import the sections and if not correct, undo the section import.

CREATE SECTION SHEETSTo create section sheets you must first create section views using the plot all sectionview style. After creating the section views, you run the Create Section Sheets com-mand. The sections are layouts defined from an external template file. The templatefile contains the border for a section sheet. The process is similar to creating plan,profile, or plan and profile sheets from a view frame group. The view frame groupdefines the scale and border used to create each layout. You must set the annotationscale to the scale of the final section sheets.

After creating the section views, you use from the Output tab, Plan Production panel,the Create Section Sheets command. When starting the command, the routine scansthe drawing for sections and displays all possible sections to plot. See Figure 8.36.

The sheet set numbering can be set to integrate into an existing sheet set or the sectionsheets can be their own sheet set. The sheet set can be located anywhere you have access.

FIGURE 8.36



SUMMARY

• Create Multiple Section Views imports section views and sections in an array orpage format.

• When you create sections using a sheet size, the page setup for model or paperspace must be set to the specified sheet style’s size.

• The Create Section View command creates one section view at a time.

• Section View Properties’ Sections panel assigns, removes, or changes a section’slabel styles.

UNIT 4: MULTIPURPOSE CODE STYLES

Section view and section label styles focus annotation on surfaces. Corridor assemblyannotation comes fromGeneral’s Multipurpose Style, Code sets and their styles. Thecode styles reference subassembly points, links, and shape properties for their labeldata. Even though an assembly has more than one curb, there is only one code forback-of-curb, flange, and so on. Code set label style assignments create labels for allcode occurrences.

CODE SET STYLESCode Set Style –All Codes has all possible point, link, and shape assembly codes (seeFigure 8.37). Each entry has a description, style, label style, and render material. TheStyle columns define how the subassembly’s points, links, and shapes are displayed.The Label Style column assigns each entry a label style. If you assign a label style to anentry, the label appears in the drawing.

FIGURE 8.37



CODE LABEL STYLECode label styles affect point, link, or shape objects. The style’s Layout panel focuseson the object type and its properties.

Marker Label StylesMarker label styles annotate a subassembly’s point code offset and elevation of (seeFigure 8.38).

Link Label StylesLink label style annotates a subassembly’s link slope or grade (see Figure 8.39).

FIGURE 8.38

FIGURE 8.39



Shape Label StylesShape label style annotates a subassembly’s shape (see Figure 8.40).

PROJECTING OBJECTS TO SECTION VIEWSSee the discussion on projecting objects to profile and section views in this textbook’sChapter 6, Unit 5.

SUMMARY

• Section view and section styles do not label the corridor components.

• Code set styles label assembly markers, links, and shapes.

• Adding a label to the code set updates sections using the set.

UNIT 5: QUANTITY TAKEOFFS AND REPORTS

This last unit covers calculating corridor and subassemblies quantities: earthworksand materials. A volume surface or a quick comparison of the Existing Ground andRosewood – Datum calculates roadway earthwork volumes. However, a third calcu-lation method creates section material lists for formatted earthwork and materials vol-ume reports.

Before you calculate a volume, you must define the takeoff criteria. This is done in theSettings, Takeoff Criteria branch. There can be multiple material lists for earthworkor material volumes.

Section volumes use one of three calculation methods; Average End, Prismoidal,and Composite. The Average End method is best when each succeeding section is

FIGURE 8.40



similar in shape. Prismodial is best when succeeding sections have more terrain change.Bothmethods have better volume results when the sample lines are more frequent. Thelast method, Composite, is best in complex terrain situations. The reason for this is themethod uses actual surface data, not sectional changes. This method can only be usedfor earthworks or cut and fill volume calculations and not material volumes.

Also important to section volume calculations are gaps. A gap is where the volumecalculation does not apply, for example, a bridge. There are no earthwork volumes inthe sections representing the bridge. Therefore, the bridge is a gap in the volume cal-culation. The Sample Line Group Properties’Material list panel manages the gap listsfor each volume entry, including material volumes (pavement, sidewalk, granular, etc.).

MATERIALSWhen calculating subassembly material volumes, the focus is on subassembly shapes(Pave1, Pave2, Subbase, Base, Curb, etc.) (see Figure 8.41).

EARTHWORKSEarthworks is a quantity takeoff criteria and is a comparison of two surfaces’ elevationdifferences: a base and comparison surface. Civil 3D uses this information, first, tohatch cut and fill areas (see Figure 8.42) and second, to calculate volumes. Readingthe cut and fill criteria definition may be confusing. The above and below is not aposition reference, but rather is an area reference, that is, the area below EG and thearea above Datum define the cut area.

FIGURE 8.41



CUT AND FILLCut and fill defines respective areas for each section, and this data is used for hatchingthese areas in roadway sections.

QUANTITY TAKEOFFAfter defining criteria sets, you next assign corridor components to the criteria values.There are two places to define the material list: Sample Group Properties and fromthe Ribbon’s Modify, Sample Line panel, Compute Materials command. When youuse Sample Line’s command, a Select a Sample Line Group dialog box opens. Aftersetting the correct alignment and sample line group, when you click OK, the Com-pute Materials dialog box opens (see Figure 8.43). This dialog box defines one mate-rial list at a time. Sample Group Properties defines any number of material lists.

FIGURE 8.42

FIGURE 8.43



When defining the material list in Sample Line Group Properties dialog box, you addnew criteria and its materials here. At the dialog box’s lower right, clicking Importanother criteria opens a Select Quantity Takeoff Criteria dialog box to set the newcriteria (see Figure 8.44). After you select the Criteria, the Compute Materials dialogbox opens (see Figure 8.45). Compute Materials sets the initial material list and itsassigned components. The list is set and cannot be modified until you click OK andadd the new material list to the Compute Materials dialog box. Once added, at Com-pute Materials’ top left, click Add new material to add a material. The new materialmust be renamed and assigned a corridor component. You add a component at thedialog box’s top center. If this is a surface assignment, change the Data type to Sur-face, and from the Select surface drop-list, select the new surface and click the plussign, (þ). If it is a Corridor Shape, change the Data type to Corridor Shape, andfrom the Select corridor shape drop-list, select the appropriate corridor shape (seeFigure 8.46).

FIGURE 8.44



FIGURE 8.45

FIGURE 8.46



QUANTITY REPORTSAfter defining material lists, next you create a report. The most important step in thereport process is having a correctly defined material list.

MASS HAUL DIAGRAMA mass haul diagram is a chart that diagrams the status of cut/fill materials and a de-sign’s overall balance. A mass haul diagram has free haulage parameters (from pointsof balance) and borrow and dump parameters. Borrow adds available fill material andDump subtracts from the fill material.

PAY ITEM REPORTSObjects with pay item assignments are available for reports using the item’s values.There are two types of pay item reports; summary and detailed. A summary reportlists the pay item ID, its description, total quantity, and unit of measure for each payitem. A detailed report contains a line of information for each selected object.

• A pay item report’s scope is a drawing, sheet, or selected objects.

• A summary report does not calculate values for corridor codes.

• A detailed (itemized) report calculates Corridor codes assignments.

• If the pay item relates to an alignment, the report can be limited by alignmentstation values.

SECTION REPORTSThe Section Reports create reports for subassembly points, links, and surfaces. TheFeature Line Reports creates a report for each selected corridor feature line, for exam-ple the datum feature line for each subassembly.

The Slope Stake Report also focuses on assembly links. The report lists point codes,offsets, elevations, grades, and cut and fill slopes. See Figure 8.47.

FIGURE 8.47



SUMMARY

• Quantity takeoff criteria define the base and comparison surfaces.

• Quantity takeoff criteria use assembly shapes to calculate material volumes.

• A materials list links a quantity takeoff criteria entry subassembly shape orsurface.

• Materials list are the basis of volume-calculation tables and reports.

This ends the section view and section chapter. A section is the roadway design cross-section view. It is an important part of design evaluation and documentation.



37919 08 ch08 308....this chapter is the last one that discusses civil 3d roadway design basics....

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