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Listening

Listening skills significantly improveinterpersonal relationships to a great

extent mindfully and intentionally if a person

listens, he can be successful ininterpersonal interactions

We spend 53% - listening, 17%reading, speaking 16%, writing 14%

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What are the purposes andbenefits?

Learning

Relating

Influencing

helping

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The Listening Process

1. Receiving begins here message maybe both verbal and non-verbal

2, Understanding learning what the Txmeans

3. Remembering here memory becomesreconstructive not reproductive

4. Evaluating judging the messages insome ways

5. responding

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Difference between hearingand listening

Hearing physiological processlistening takes thought, intention,

effort, and even some training Listening is a choice a work-

intensive task when you listen, yourbrain is working

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Mindfulness and Listening

Being fully present in the momentkeeping your mind on the present,

and paying attention to the here andnow

Not distracted, no mind-wandering

Mindfulness first step towardsbecoming an effective listener not askill to be developed, but a choiceone has to make

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A cultural form ofcommunication

Listeninga reflection of ones culture orco-culture

Speech and language cultural differences

Nonverbal behavioral differences

Direct and indirect styles

Credibility

Feedback

Gender and Listening

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Types of listening

1. Content listening

2. comprehensive / Informational Listening

3. Discriminative listening

4 Critical listening

5. Empathic listening

6. Appreciative listening

7. Marginal listening 8. Projective listening

9. Pseudo Listening

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Content listening

Is essentially listening for information -is also known as called attentive /

active listening there is aparticipative contribution from the Rx there is rarely any kind ofmiscommunication here. questions

are asked - motivation for thespeaker also is a byproduct of thiscommunication

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Comprehensive /Informational Listening

Listening to gain knowledge orinformation obvious place

classroom One of the most common forms of

listening

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Discriminative listening

Can be used for the rightunderstanding of an oral report, plea

or complaint the Rx shoulddiscriminate between truth and errorthrough what is said and not said, realstate of things , overestimation or

underestimation, a transparentspeaker or one who misleads

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Critical Listening

A form of discriminative listening -Also called evaluative listening

Context free and applies to an Rx wholistens to any speaker.

Grasps the main focus of a speech, its

essential ideas, weighs and evaluates from the point of view of context,contribution, logic, relevance etc

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Empathic listening

Has psychological therapeutic value.

Also called sensitive listening

Rx is able the viewpoint of thespeaker

Meaning lies not in words here, but in

the same kind of perception But should avoid sentimental

identification sympathy andempathy, but not pity

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Appreciative listening

Has to do with listening to music or alecture that soothes the spirit-

Different kind of listening relaxedlistening

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Marginal Listening

information load hampers listeningresults in superficial

Reasons may be fatigue or boredom Better than passive listening in this

case small chinks of information are

listened to and assimilated

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Projective listening

Response of the Rx in a state ofrestful alertness.

Is a kind of selective listeningAssimilation from the Rxs limited

personal perspective

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Pseudo Listening

Refers to a state when one wants toappear as if he/she is listening, when

he/she is not A state when you make others think

youre interested, buying time for the

next moment, looking forvulnerabilities, or checking for thereactions of others

All signs of listening may be present

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Blocks to effective listening

Comparing focusing attention onourselves

Mind reading when you mind read, you donot trust what the other person says

Rehearsing ones own messages

Filtering - Some listen selectively listen to

only what interests them Prejudging a closed mind can hamper

listening

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Blocks to effective listening

Advising: searching your thoughts forthe best advice limits effective

listening Debating: when you are too quick to

point out mistakes

Being right: when you feel the need tobe right by whatever means it takes

yelling, distorting, dominating, makingexcuses, accusing, putdowns etc)

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Blocks to effective listening

Derailing you derail the speaker bychanging the topic

Placating: a prime example of pseudolistening being nice, supportive, andpleasant while not truly listening

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Blocks

Emotional Blocksmost have deafspots. Cannot listen to figures or to

descriptions of surgical procedures orhorror stories a deep-seated inabilityto endure going through somethingwhich we find painful causes us to

block it out of the mind

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Blocks

Emotional excitement may getexcited by the speakers use of certain

words connotative words in differentcultures may be responsible for thisfeeling angry in the name of genderbias, racial prejudice may affect the

listening process

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Barriers to EffectiveListening

1. Noise External and Internal

2. Information overload

3. Speech rate / Thought ratedifferential : processing time 600-800 words per minute Speaking time

125 words per minute 4. Motivation missing

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Improving listening skills

1. pay close and full attention to the speaker needs determination to concentratemind and body should be alert

2. use your eyes as well as ears whilelistening a spoken msg does not comeonly through words look for non-verbalsigns a) facial expressions, gestures andposture b) tone and pitch of voice and

speed of speakinghigh tone and pitchshow excitement, anger high speedshows nervousness or impatience c) what isleft unsaid: omissions show gaps in thespeakers knowledge

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Improving Listening skills

3. show the speaker that you are listeningthrough your posture, body language andeye contact must indicate interest and

attention cannot be acted a person withgood listening ability has a) a comfortableeye contact b) reflects appropriate feelingsthrough facial expressions c) attentive

posture d) tunes in to the speakers line ofthought e) uses empathetic questioningtechnique asks open-ended questions,seeking info and clarification

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Tips for good listening

Stop talking

Put the speaker at ease

Show a desire to learn Write down the main points and get

them checked for correctness

Do not create or tolerate distractions Be patient

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Tips for good listening

Keep your temper cool no matter howangrily the speaker speaks

Listen between the lines Concentrateon the unsaid words also from toneof voice, facial expressions, posturesand gestures

Ask questions at suitable moments toget a clear understanding

Keep an open mind

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Importance of silence incommunication

Humans have a need for self-expressionwhich causes us to be eager to speak andnarrate our ideas, experiences, and views

it requires training and self-discipline andself-control to listen silently

The silence we maintain while listening isnot empty silence must be filled with non-

verbal indications of listening and attention your response should be indicatedpositively

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Importance of Silence cont..

For total concentrationthe listeners mindmust also be silent if it is mentallyengaged in some other activity, argument or

judgement, it cannot catch all that thespeaker is saying.

Silence requires not only self-control to holdones tongue but also self-confidence and

maturity to silence ones mind. Controllingthe thoughts that go on in the mind noteasy- requires practice and disciplinemany successful managers practisemeditation to train their mind in the art of

silence