3.3.2 TRAINING AND FACILITATION OF PRODUCERS IN THE

USE OF INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM AND PARTICIPATORY

GUARANTEE SYSTEM FOR MARKET ACCESS

Executed jointly by:

Biodiversity International

Participatory Guarantee System Certification Committee of NOAN

May, 2015

Introduction

The sensitization of producers on organic agriculture and value chain development was conducted in

the following communities: Ejioku, Eruwa, Ona-Ara, Oluyole, Akinale, Akure, Igbo ora, Imafon,

Alapere, Eyin-osun and Olorunsogo. Trips were made to these communities as scheduled by the Oyo

state Agricultural Development Programme, Biodiversity International and Association of Organic

practitioners in Nigeria (NOAN). To achieve the main objective of the activity, further training was

conducted to the Proposed ICS officers nominated per group visit. Already existing organic farmers

group were also participated in the training.

Minutes of training and facilitation of producers in the use of internal control system (ICS) and

participatory guarantee system (PGS) for market access held at OYSADEP Zonal Office on 29th

April, 2015 commenced with registration of farmers’ representatives from different local

government within Oyo, Ondo and Ogun states. A total of twenty-five farmers were in

attendance during the one day training.

Opening

The opening prayer was said by Mr. Aboderin Kolawole from Ido Local Government in Oyo

State.

Welcome address was presented by Zonal Manager of Oyo State Agricultural Developement

Programme (OYSADEP) Alhaji Oladapo where he enjoined the farmers to start the practice of

organic farming in small scale particularly on vegetables. According to him this forum provide

enlightenment to farmers to ensure the spread of the organic innovation system. In addition,

zonal manager encouraged the farmers’ representative from Ibadan zone in the forum to provide

ten farmers names from their locations in which they would serve as the contact farmer. The

same was repeated for farmers’ representatives from Akure and Ogun state. The local

government from Ibadan zone were Oluyole, Ona-Ara, Lagelu, Ido, Akinyele, Ibarapa East,

Ibarapa Central, Egbeda,

Section 1

Training on Organic crop production

The training of farmers on organic crop production was facilitated by the project manager on

ecological organic agriculture Mr. Oyewole Gbadamosi. The farmers present at forum were

asked to indicate there interest in organic crop production based on fallowed land available in

their location. Ten farmers provided their information during the forum including the crops

intended to cultivate. He further mentioned that the standard for organic crop production which

includes the detailed and appropriate training on organic crop production, land allocation such as

fallowed land on which organic crop production can be commenced immediately. For the

conventional land such land must go through conversion period and as such until the completion

of conversion phase produce from such land will not be regarded as organic produce or sold

organically. For the produce to be sold as organic the production system must meet organic

standards and such farm must be certified.

Pest and disease management in organic agriculture

ACTIVE INGREDIENTS MODE OF APPLICATION

USES

TARGET

PLANTS/

ANIMALS

PEST/

DISEASE

LOCAL

NAME

SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT

Moringa

Application of Moringa leaves

into a barren Land

Soil

fertility

Ewe

igbale/Zogale

FIELD PEST MANAGEMENT

Goat feaces

Goat feaces are sun-dried, burnt

into ashes & sprinkled over Okra

& Vegetables

Insectici

des/Pesti

cides

Okra

&Vegetables Igbe Ewure

Neem

Leave extracts are sprayed over

Crops

Insectici

des/Pesti

cides

Crops

&Vegetables Dongoyaro

Lemon grass

Leave extracts of lemon grass

are used to spray seeds of Maize

before planting, so as to prevent

attacks from birds & insect-pest.

Insectici

des/Pesti

cides Maize Birds Ewe Tea

Baobab Leaves or back extracts of

Baobab are used to spray

Insectici

des/Pesti

Crops

&Vegetables

farmland cides

Local black soap and water

Sprinkling the mixture of black

soap and water on crops on the

farmland

Pests and

insects

control

All types of

crops

All insects

and pests

Ose dudu anti

omi

Cocoa yam corms

Application of cocoa yam corms

extracts on the farmland

Pests and

insects

control

All types of

crops

All insects

and pests Gbogiran koko

Small spicy pepper

Sprinkling of small spicy pepper

over the crops on the farmland

Pests and

insects

control Maize

All insects

and pests Ata ijosi

Scarecrow

Establishment of scarecrow on

farmland, which must be

relocated on daily basis

Birds and

rodents

control

Rice and

Maize

Birds and

rodents

Net traps

Setting of net traps on farmland

and keeping the trapped birds in

the net to scare other birds away Birds

Rice and

Maize Birds

STORAGE PEST MANAGEMENT

Ficus esalspirata

The leaves of Ficus esalspirata

are used to barricade the seeds

stored in barns

Pests and

Insects

control All grains

All pests

and

insects Ewe epin

Dried pepper(not powdered

pepper)

Application of dried pepper

inside stored seeds

Seeds

storage All grains

All insects

and pests Ata gbigbe

STORAGE TECHNIQUES

Air tight bags and wooden

stands

Storing powdered farm produces

inside Air tight bags and placed

on wooden stands

Storage

manage

ment

Powdered

plantains

Section II

Training on participatory guarantee system

The section on participatory guarantee system and third party certification was facilitated by a

key member of association of organic practitioner of Nigeria Mr. AyanfeOluwa. According to

him, third party system afford the farmers the opportunities to export their organic produce

outside country but due to financial outlay of the process it may be difficult for small scale

farmers to afford the cost of registration. Therefore PGS was introduced, PGS deals with small

scale farmer enterprise, allowed farmers within organic production system to form co-operatives

and full of guidelines. The guidelines include standard, buffer zone, inspection by pair group or

local group. PGS operates based on trust. It has pledge, seals and also provides room to

prosecute individual who faulted the process.

Recording Keeping in Ecological Organic Agriculture (EOA)

The information on record keeping in organic agriculture was facilitated by personnel of cocoa

biodiversity Mr. Sokefun and Mrs. Olokodana. Accoding to Mr. Sokefun, a record book

comprises of seed verification form, input use record, buffer crop usage, crop harvest record,

crop harvest and storage record, clean transport affidavit. Each record has information on

producers and year of production. He enjoined the farmers that this record book provides the

farmers opportunity for certification. Mrs. Olokodana encouraged the farmers to have a file to

document the receipt of their incoming product, outgoing and production. In considering

whether organic certification is right for your farm, record keeping requirements are often one of

the major obstacles for farmers who are already strapped for time. Many of those that actually

seek certification, however, can testify to the positive results of consistent documentation of farm

inputs, field activities, pest problems, harvest yields, market sales and other pertinent

information. Each growing season brings new challenges and is riddled with unpredictable

issues. With an extensive history of past decisions and their results, a farmer is better equipped to

avoid unnecessary risks and repeated failures in the field and in the market place. Your records

are an important tool that can help you understand what parts of your operation are the most

profitable.

At the peak of the growing season when every minute of daylight is precious, it can be

overwhelming to keep up with the office work and recordkeeping that comes with running a

farming business. For this reason, it is essential to spend some time during the slower part of the

year developing a recordkeeping plan so that the necessary tools are in place to streamline your

efforts.

Organic farmers are required to maintain records “ concerning the production, harvesting and

handling of agricultural products that are or that are intended to be sold, labeled, or represented

as “100 percent organic,’ ‘organic,’ or ‘made with organic.’”

1. Incoming Products

The first thing you need is a file folder (or box, or envelope etc) in a handy spot. In it you put

every receipt and every tag for everything you buy to use on the farm, including seeds, animals,

soil amendments, feed, vaccines, animal health care product, foliar feeds, everything. Every time

you buy an input that comes in a bag or a box, tear off the ingredient list, staple it to the receipt

and make sure there is a date on it before putting it in a file, if you do not have a receipt, write it

down on a sheet of paper with the date and amount spent.

2. Outgoing Products

You will need a second file, right next to the first, for receipts or records of every product that

leaves the farm, whether its organic or not. Your sales receipts need to show that eight were sold.

Crops grown in buffer zones have to be harvested, stored and sold separately from crops sold on

an organic or certified land and you will need the records to show that this was done.

3. Production Records

If you are selling both organic and non-organic corn, you’ll need records showing that the

organic crop wasn’t stored in bins that had been used for the non-organic crop. Which leads us to

another point: to make your records worth the paper they are written on, you need to put;

Numbers on storage bins

Have identification on each individual animal

And make a map for each field, including a marked buffer zone.

The only exception is poultry, which can be identified by flock, if every bird in it is being

managed the same. Sheep, goats, cattle and any other livestock to be used for meat or dairy need

individual identification, whether by ear tag, collar or photos for those animals with distinctive

enough markings.

Then you’ll need a paper record for each animal, flock, field, and storage bin that is to be

certified organic. A three ring binder with dividers will be handy for this.

A. Animal Records

Animal records should cover;

Parents,

Date of birth,

When organic management began,

Vaccinations, production records

Any health events like mastitis

And what treatment was used.

Individual animal identification and good records are standard for reputable livestock operations,

so this part really shouldn’t be an additional burden for the organic producer. Including growth

rates, information on how quickly breed back, and milk production records is not required for

organic certification but is an excellent idea. Those sources of records are essential to a good

breeding program, when selecting animals to cull, keep and buy. All these records also help you

track the economic viability of the different areas of your farm business, making it clear where

your profit is coming from, where you are losing money and so where to change, contract or

expand.

B. Field Records

Field records, like animal records, should record everything that happens to that field. This

includes;

The amounts,

Dates and types of soil amendments applied;

Planting dates and plow-down dates for green manures;

what crops were planted at what rates on what dates

And how much was harvested and when.

If you also record rainfall, jot notes on the weather, what pests were problematic this year,

what parts of the field are poor and so on, you’ll build an invaluable record of what works

and what doesn’t under what conditions on your farm.

4. The Daily Diary

Keeping a daily diary of farm activities is one of the simplest methods for keeping track of

everything. If you jot just a few lines each evening about what you did that day, a daily dairy

also gives precision to your record keeping and is a valuable resource when planning for the next

season.

Good to Know Tips

Here are a few helpful tips drawn from organic farmers, inspectors and certifying agents:

1. Write down what you do each day on the farm.

Block off 5-10 minutes each evening to recount the specific tasks you and your staff

accomplished - either in a journal, planner or large desk calendar. You don’t have to make long

or excessively detailed entries; just enough so that you can look back and understand your

observations and tasks.

Some things you should consider noting:

field preparations,

planting,

cultivating,

irrigating,

pest/weed scouting and damage,

pesticide application,

harvesting,

equipment/vehicle cleaning,

weather conditions and

rainfall.

This is easy to do when the day is fresh in your mind. Putting it off for several days or weeks

means that you will inevitably forget many important details.

2. Develop record keeping sheets that are specific to your farm.

In addition or in place of a journal of your daily general notes, some find it useful to have

separate Excel spreadsheets (or printed sheets) with various record keeping objectives. Many

good templates already exist and can be tweaked to make them even more relevant to your

farm’s systems.

If you prefer printed copies, place these sheets on clipboards in protected areas around the farm

where you need them the most. Hang one by your produce scale to record yields as well as

quantities of products that go to and return from market. If you make your own compost, keep

one with your pile thermometer. Write in pencil in case of water damage.

3. Compile your daily notes and sheets into a master file regularly.

Your master file can be organized in many ways, for example: by field; crop or growing season.

I find it most helpful to keep all information for a given field together. Having soil test results,

application of inputs, crop maps and yields, and locally problematic pest and weed information

all in one place can be useful in making management decision for the coming season.

4. Save all invoices, product labels, seed packets and other farm-related documents.

Dedicate a file folder to each of these categories to have on hand for your annual inspection and

for your reference. Get in the habit of putting these items away each time you finish using them -

before they get consumed by your desk.

Appendix

Attendance for EOA Pillar 3, Activities 3.2.2

Seminar at Oyo State Agricultural Development Programme Zonal Office,

Moor Plantation, Apata Ibadan

S/N

NAME

ORGANIZATION/FARMERS GROUP

1

ABODERIN KOLAWOLE

OMI-ADIO MULTIPURPOSE

2

R. A AYO

AGBELOBA MULTIPURPOSE FARMERS

3

TAJUDEEN SALAMI

OLOUNJE LAGBA MULTIPURPOSE FARMERS

4

SHOLOLA ADEYEMI

EGBEDA

5

ATILADE AJIBADE

ONA ARA

6

MUTIAT AKINLEYE

AKINALE FARMERS GROUP

7

ODUKOYA OLUYINKA

DASYOOH LTD

8

PASTOR F.O ADEBIYI

EHIN OSUN FARMERS GROUP

9

DEACON O. M OGUNDIJO

ALASELA FARMERS GROUP

10

ABDULSALAM RASAQ

AKINYELE AJUMOSE VEGETABLE FARMERS

11

AMOO OLATUNJI

IDERE IGBOORA

12

AGBOOLA GABRIEL

AJUMOSE MODEL VEGETABLE VILLAGE

AJEJAN AKINYELE

13

OPADOJA SAMSON

ERUWA FARM SETTLEMENT

14

ALH. S. A IMAM

OYSADEP FARMERS

15

R. A ADEGBOLA ERE- AGBE

GBOLA AGRO ALLIED MEDIA

16

ADEPOJU DAMILARE

GBOLA AGRO ALLIED MEDIA

17

AYANFEOLUWA OLUFEMI E

NOAN/FCA

18

DR (MRS.) ADEWOYIN O. B

FEDERAL COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE,

AKURE

19

RICH ADEYEMI

ORGANIC PLANE/ FEDERAL COLLEGE OF

AGRIC, AKURE

20

ADEWOLE JAMIU

AKINYELE LOCAL GOVT

21

AGBEJULE AYODEJI

U.I ORGANIC FARM

22

AKIYOSOYE EUNICE OLAYEMI

LAGELU

23

ALABI AFOLAKEMI

GARDEN ARISE

24

DOROTHY OLOKODANA

BIODIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL

25

ARIWOOLA SEMIYU

ASEJERE AYETE

26

AKIN SOKEFUN

BIODIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL

Appendix I

Pictures from the seminar