3 - gas turbine overview 8.09

GT Overview Page 1Rev. August 2009

Gas Turbine OverviewGas Turbine Overview


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August 4, 2009

Terminal ObjectiveTerminal ObjectiveEXPLAIN the basic operation of a GE Combustion Turbine.

Enabling ObjectivesEnabling Objectives1. List the current combustion turbine models

manufactured by GE for electric generation2. Understand the difference between

Aeroderivitives and Frames3. Describe the relationship between the

compressor, the combustor, the turbine and the Speedtronic Mark VI.

Objectives


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August 4, 2009

A Brief History of Gas Turbines

Hero of Alexandria invented the first documented steam engine called the aeolipile. Spewing steam forced the device to spin.

Heros Steam Engine

Braytons Engine

In 1872 George Brayton developed a steam engine that worked on the same thermodynamic principals as our modern combustion turbines. His machine used a piston to compress the fluid and a piston to extract the energy. It worked barely well enough to gain a patent.

It wasnt until World War II that technology and materials driven by military aviation made our present machines possible The Combustion turbine!

The Combustion turbine


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August 4, 2009

Gas Turbine Cycle1. Continuously draws fresh air (Air Inlet)2. Compresses fresh air to high pressure (Compressor)3. Increases energy by adding and burning fuel (Combustion Chamber)4. Converts that energy to mechanical energy (Turbine)5. Releases cooled low pressure gas to the atmosphere (Exhaust System)

Exhaust

Air Inlet

Compressor

Combustor

Turbine


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August 4, 2009


Components of a Gas Turbine Air inlet Compressor Combustion

system Turbine Exhaust Support systems

Click Play button to begin the animation.


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August 4, 2009

7/9 F Gas TurbineBellmouth

Compressor Rotor

Combustion Turbine Rotor

Combustion Cans

Exhaust

#1 Bearing

#2 Bearing


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August 4, 2009

Click Play button to begin the animation.

Gas Path Flow

1. Air inlet2. Compressor3. Annular space around combustion

chambers4. Spaces between outer combustion

casings and combustion liners5. Combustion chambers6. Transition pieces at the aft end of

the combustion chamber liners7. First stage turbine nozzles and

buckets 8. Second stage turbine nozzles and

buckets 9. Third stage turbine nozzles and

buckets 10. Exhaust 11. Atmosphere

. . . . . . . . .


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August 4, 2009

Now Its Your Turn . . .Who first made an engine that works on the same

thermodynamic principals as a modern gas turbine?

Put the following in physical order: Combustion Chamber, Exhaust Frame , Turbine, #1 Bearing, Compressor, #2

Bearing

Where do the fuel and air mix?


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August 4, 2009


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August 4, 2009

AeroderivativesAeroderivatives


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August 4, 2009

LM6000 SPRINT Gas Turbine Generator SetLM6000 SPRINT Gas Turbine Generator Set From the CF6-80C2 Engine Up to 50 MW Simple Cycle Only Up to 42% Efficiency Spray Intercooling (Sprint) Up to 30 / 1 Comp. Ratio

In B747, 767, A300, In B747, 767, A300, A310, A330, MD11A310, A330, MD11


13 /GE /

August 4, 2009

LM2000 / LM2500 Gas LM2000 / LM2500 Gas TurbineTurbine From the TF39/CF6-6 Engine Marine & Military Direct Drive 18 - 30 MW Simple Cycle Only 36% Efficiency Up to 22 / 1 Comp. Ratio 3,050 to 6,400 rpm. For mechanical drive Used at 6,100 rpm to drive an

electric generator through a reduction gear

LM2500+LM2500+30MW Direct Drive

LM2500 STIG LM2500 STIG (Steam Injected From HRSG)

LM2500LM250025MW

LM2000LM200018MW

In CIn C--5, DC5, DC--1010


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August 4, 2009

LM1600 Gas TurbineLM1600 Gas Turbine From the F404 Engine marine applications Cogeneration STIG Derived from the F404 fighter 13 17 MW

In FIn F--117, F/A117, F/A--1818


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August 4, 2009

LMS100LMS100 Aeroderivative Gas TurbineAeroderivative Gas Turbine combines the CF6-80C2 aircraft engines

high-pressure compressor and CF6-80E high-pressure turbine with the MS6001FA low-pressure compressor

100 MW of blocks of power 10-minute starts 44-50% SC Eff. 55% CC Eff. LP and HP Compressors 42 / 1 comp Ratio

Click for Video


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August 4, 2009

Heavy Duty (Frame) TurbinesHeavy Duty (Frame) Turbines


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August 4, 2009

H SystemH System Combined Combined Cycle Gas TurbineCycle Gas Turbine

520 MW Combined Cycle 60% Efficiency Closed Loop Turbine Blade Cooling Single Crystal 1

stStage

Allows Higher Firing Temperature Single Shaft 60 Minute Startup Time


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August 4, 2009

F Class Cycle Gas TurbineF Class Cycle Gas Turbine The FA gas turbines area scaled

from the 7FA. 18 Stage Compressors 3 Stage Turbine

MS6101FA+e MS7001FA+e MS9001FA+e50 / 60 Hz 60 Hz 50 Hz

Scale Factor 0.69 1.00 1.20Speed (RPM) 5231 3600 3000Output (MW) 75.9 171.7 255.6Efficiency (SC) 35.0% 36.2% 36.9%Exh Flow kg/sec 204 432 624# Combustors 6 14 18


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August 4, 2009

Corrosion Resistant Coating

Tip Cooling HolesThermal Barrier &Corrosion Resistant Coating

Similar Cooling Technology with More Film

Improved TBC

Single-Crystal

Higher Firing Temp

3D Aero

Applies H Class Technology

Original 7F Current 7FA 7 FB

Evolutionary Progress


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August 4, 2009

Model RecognitionModel Recognition

7FA 60 Hz 3600 RPM 14 Combustors

9FA 50 Hz 3000 RPM 18 Combustors

6FA 50 or 60 Hz 5231 RPM 6 Combustors


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August 4, 2009


E

F

Three arms Three Journal Bearings

Two arms Two Journal Bearings

Designed for Simple Cycle Exhaust Generator is on the Exhaust end

Designed for Combined Cycle Front Generator is on the Front or compressor end


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August 4, 2009


Combustion Cans almost Parallel

Combustion Cans are at a Cant

7E 10 Cans

9E 14 Cans

6F 6 Cans

7F 14 Cans

9F 18 Cans

E

F


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August 4, 2009

Now Its Your Turn . . .

What is the name (designation) of the latest integrated gas turbine control system?

How many combustion chambers does a 7FA gas turbine have?


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August 4, 2009

Now Its Your Turn . . .What is meant by the term Aeroderivative?

How could you distinguish a 7FA from a 7EA gas Turbine?

What do the 6FA, 7FA and 9FA gas turbines all have in common

What speeds to the 7FA and 9FA gas turbines spin (or electrical frequency)?


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August 4, 2009

3 - gas turbine overview 8.09

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