22@ barcelona - economic activity analysis (june 2015)

22@ Barcelona22@ Barcelona

Economic activity analysisEconomic activity analysisy yy y

June 2015

22

1 METHODOLOGY

2 BUSINESS CONTEXT

3 WORKERS

4

5

BUSINESS ACTIVITY

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

6 ANNEX

33

1 CONTEXT1. METHODOLOGY1. METHODOLOGY1. METHODOLOGY1. METHODOLOGY

2 OBJECTIVES

3 INFORMATION SOURCES

4 MAP OF DISTRICT 22@

5 CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA

878‐206‐60 22@ BARCELONA. ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ANALYSIS

1 CONTEXT

METHODOLOGY11. CONTEXT

Barcelona City Council is promoting key economic sectors that are knowledge‐intensive, bringing high added value as a driving strategy behind the city’s growth model. These activities act as a magnet and a generator of jobs.

This commitment to transform traditional industrial areas into an innovation cluster is most obvious in the district called 22@.

The Council is well aware of the challenges that leading and managing this process brings. To do so, it is essential to have indicators to measure trends systematically in order to take appropriate strategic decisions.

In the following pages, GAPS will present a proposal that aims to collect and analyse available information on the overall economic activity of district 22@, with special attention to knowledge‐intensive sectors (@activity).

For GAPS, this project represents the 6th wave in a series of analyses that it has carried out on the business district, starting in 2007 and that have been repeated periodically in the years 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2012.

44


2 OBJECTIVES

METHODOLOGY12. OBJECTIVES

The main objectives that GAPS wants to cover are:

Broaden the business data available in official records by obtaining first hand 1 Broaden the business data available in official records by obtaining first-hand information by getting in touch with companies.

2 Diagnosis of the economic activity in 22@Barcelona in 2014.

3Identify and analyze the results of the district’s strategic sectors (knowledge intensive activities or ‘@activity’).

4Analysis of the evolution of business activity in 22@ by comparing current data with that of previous periods.

55


3 INFORMATION SOURCES

METHODOLOGY13. INFORMATION SOURCES

The data in this document is from two different methodologies: firstly, using and updating the 22@ Company Census, and secondly, including the results of a survey on a representative sample of companies located in 22@.

The development of the 22@ Company Census for the year 2014 used the following base information:

• 22@Barcelona Company Census for the year 2012.• Acquisition of commercial databases.

From these databases, the following tasks were carried out:• Adding additional contact information and/or activity detected in the survey

process of 2012. • Incorporation of information provided by municipal technicians during the data

cleaning processcleaning process.• Removing businesses that were no longer active during the period 2012‐2014.• Incorporation of new companies set up during the same period.• Cleaning final adjusted census sections that make up 22@.

C ti t d t ith th i id t d t t d i th l d d i th• Correction to data with those incidents detected in the early rounds during the process of telephone surveys.

Finally, we added an identification field for those companies that are knowledge‐intensive economic activities according to their CNAE 09 classification as defined in methodology

66

economic activities, according to their CNAE_09 classification as defined in methodology carried out by the European Commission Eurostat.


METHODOLOGY13 INFORMATION SOURCES3. INFORMATION SOURCES

Information obtained from a survey of a representative sample of all companies located in Barcelona’s 22‐@.

The selection of companies reflects the real distribution of businesses in the Business Census of the area, generated by using a company database acquired for the development of this project. In some cases, information was supplemented by interviews with industry experts and business leadersinterviews with industry experts and business leaders.

The Census has not included the self‐employed and sole traders.

Th d t i h t k i t t th f ll i t tifi tiThe data processing has taken into account the following stratification:

Data cleaning of the initial census of more than 9,500 companies. There are 8,223 firms in 22@, according to the 2015 Census. More than 900 companies have contributed via the survey additional information on their main activity number ofMore than 900 companies have contributed via the survey, additional information on their main activity, number of

employees and turnover. A specific note was made on large companies (> 100 employees) 400 companies were selected, according to representation criteria and these answered a wider questionnaire.

Companies that develop knowledge‐intensive activities have been considered, with a control population group.

77


METHODOLOGY14 MAP OF DISTRICT 22@4. MAP OF DISTRICT 22@

Geographical boundaries of 22@

88

C. Wellington / Av. Meridiana / Pl. de las Glòries Catalanes / Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes / Rambla de Prim / Pl. de Llevant / C. del Taulat / Ronda del Litoral / (seafront)


METHODOLOGY14 MAP OF DISTRICT 22@4. MAP OF DISTRICT 22@

0801910042080191004308019100440801910048

0801910064080191006508019100660801910067

0801910090080191009108019100920801910093

0801910049080191005008019100510801910052

0801910068080191006908019100700801910071

0801910094080191009508019100960801910097

0801910053080191005408019100550801910056

0801910072080191007308019100740801910075

0801910098080191009908019101000801910101

0801910057080191005808019100590801910060

0801910076080191007708019100780801910079

0801910102080191010308019101040801910235

080191006108019100620801910063

080191008008019100810801910089

08019102360801910237

99

1010

1 NUMBER OF COMPANIES

2. BUSINESS CONTEXT2. BUSINESS CONTEXT2. BUSINESS CONTEXT2. BUSINESS CONTEXT

2 LANDING PERIODS

3 HEADQUARTERS

4 ECONOMIC SECTORS

5 KNOWLEDGE‐INTENSIVE ACTIVITIESACTIVITIES


METHODOLOGY15 CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA

Classification criteria of knowledge‐intensive economic activities

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES (1) SERVICES(2)

5. CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA

HIGH‐TECHNOLOGY: KNOWLEDGE‐INTENSIVE SERVICES

CCAE_2/3 CCAE Description CCAE_2 CCAE Description

21 Manufacture of pharmaceutical products 50 – 51 Maritime and air transport

26 Manufacture of computer and electronic products 58 – 60 Editing; film and video; radio and televisionp p g; ;

30.3 Manufacture of air and spacecraft 61 – 63 Telecommunications services, information technology; information services

MEDIUM‐HIGH‐TECHNOLOGY: 64 – 66 Financial and insurance activities

CCAE_2/3 CCAE Description 69 – 70 Legal and accounting activities; of headquarters and business consultancy

20 M f t f h i l d h i l d t 71 T h i l i f hit t d i i20 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products 71 Technical services of architecture and engineering

25.4 Manufacture of weapons and ammunition 72 Research and development

27 Manufacture of electrical equipment 73 – 74 Advertising and market research; Other professional, scientific and technical activities

28 Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. 75 Veterinary activities

29 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi‐trailers 78 Activities related to employment

30 Manufacture of other transport equipment 80 Investigation and security activities

32.5 Manufacture of medical and dental instruments and supplies 84 Public administration, defence and compulsory social security

85 Education

86 – 88 Healthcare and social services

90 ‐ 93 Arts, entertainment and recreation

(1) Aggregation of manufacturing industries defined by Eurostat in relation to their technological intensity.

1111

(1) Aggregation of manufacturing industries defined by Eurostat in relation to their technological intensity.(2) Aggregation of services defined by Eurostat as knowledge intensive.Source: European Commission Eurostat; NACE Rev. adaptation base CCAE second base.



BUSINESS CONTEXT21. NUMBER OF COMPANIES

The number of companies in 22@

8.2238.000

9.000

7.0647.329

5 000

6.000

7.000

8.000

3.437

2 000

3.000

4.000

5.000+12%

+4%

0

1.000

2.000

2000 2010 2012 20152000 2010 2012 2015

1212



BUSINESS CONTEXT2

The number of companies in 22@

1. NUMBER OF COMPANIES

‐ 612 companies that movedout of 22@

‐ 431 Companies wound up ‐ 1,937 new companies since ‐ 431 Companies wound up or no activity 2012.

‐ Net increase of 894 companies.

1313


2 LANDING PERIODS

BUSINESS CONTEXT2

When companeis in 22@ were set up (%):

2. LANDING PERIODS

41% of companies surveyed have set up in 22@ because of a change in41% of companies surveyed have set up in 22@ because of a change in

1,9

100%

up in 22@ because of a change in location.Base: 836 companies surveyed.

Of these, 65% come from another

up in 22@ because of a change in location.Base: 836 companies surveyed.

Of these, 65% come from another

61,5 After 2000 60%

80% Barcelona neighbourhood and 24% from the metropolitan area.Barcelona neighbourhood and 24% from the metropolitan area.

36,6

Before 20 00

Ns/Nc

20 4%24,5%

29,2%25,9%

40%

20,4%

0%

20%

Between 2000 and2002




1414

Base: 836 replies Base: 514 replies


3 HEADQUARTERS

BUSINESS CONTEXT23. HEADQUARTERS

Location of headquarters (%):Location in 22@ (%):

85,1

93,4

77,280

100

2,9

77,2

Another neighbourhood of Barcelona

22@

40

60

1,1

15,8

Catalonia

Metropolitan Area of Barcelona

14,9

6,6

22,820

1,9

0,4

EU

Spain

0Headquarters Branch/office

2010 2012 2015

0,7

0 20 40 60 80 100

Outside EU

1515

Base: 835 replies


4 ECONOMIC SECTORS

BUSINESS CONTEXT24. ECONOMIC SECTORS

1,4 1,8 0,7 0,5 0,8100%

22@ companies’ economic activity sector

80%

75,680,1 84,5 87,1 87,7

40%

60%

Others

Services

Manufacturing

20%

40%

22,918,1 14,8 12,5 11,5

0%2001 2005 2010 2012 2015

1616

Base: 8,101 companies with CCAE registration


5 KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE ACTIVITIES

BUSINESS CONTEXT25. KNOWLEDGE‐INTENSIVE ACTIVITIES

Knowledge‐intensive activity, 2015

DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVITIES IN 22@ ACCORDING TO INTENSITY. 2015

32,32%12,42%

Knowledge‐intensiveactivities

Activities notintensive in

High‐intensity activities 32,3%High‐tech manufacturing 0,5%Medium‐high technology manufacturing 1,9%Knowledge‐intensive services 30,0%Lo intensit acti ities 55 3%

55,26%

intensive inknowledge

Not classified

Low‐intensity activities 55,3%Lower‐middle manufacturing technology 2,3%Low‐tech manufacturing 6,8%Services not intensive in knowledge 46,1%Not classified 12 4%Not classified 12,4%

Population: 8,223 companies

1717

Base: 8,101 companies and CCAE information



BUSINESS CONTEXT2

Trends in knowledge‐intensive activities

5. KNOWLEDGE‐INTENSIVE ACTIVITIES

1818

Population: 8,223 companiesBase: 8,101 companies and CCAE information



BUSINESS CONTEXT2

Distribution of high‐intensity activities in 22@


HIGH‐INTENSITY ACTIVITIES 22@. 2015HIGH‐INTENSITY ACTIVITIES (Base CCAE_09) 32.3%High‐technology manufacturers 0.5%Manufacture of pharmaceutical products (21) 0.1%

Information and communications 9%Editing, film, video, radio and television and sound.Manufacture of pharmaceutical products (21) 0.1%

Manufacture of computer and electronic products (26) 0.4%Manufacture of air and spacecraft (303) 0.0%Medium‐high‐technology manufacturers: 1.9%Manufacture of chemicals (20) 0.5%

f f ( )

Telecommunications, information technology, information services.

Manufacture of weapons and ammunition (254) 0.0%Manufacture of machinery, electrical equipment and transport material (27 to 30) 1.2%

Manufacture of medical and dental instruments and supplies (325) 0.2%Knowledge‐intensive services 30.0%

Professional, scientific and technical activities: 13.4%

Maritime and air transport (50 a 51) 0.0%Information and communications (58 to 63) 9.0%Financial and insurance activities (64 to 66) 2.2%Professional, scientific and technical activities (69 to 75) 13.4%Activities related to employment (78) 0 2%

technical activities: 13.4%Law and accounting, consulting, architecture and engineering.R&D, advertising, market research, design photography translationActivities related to employment (78) 0.2%

Investigation and security activities (80) 0.3%Education (85) 1.2%Healthcare and social services (86 to 88) 1.4%Arts, entertainment and recreation activities (90 to 93) 2.3%

design, photography, translation.Veterinary services.

1919



BUSINESS CONTEXT2

Distribution of low‐intensity activities in 22@


LOW‐INTENSITY ACTIVITIES IN 22@. 2015LOW‐INTENSITY ACTIVITIES (Base CCAE_09) 55.3%

Lower‐middle technology manufacturing 2.3%Reproduction of recorded media (182) 0.1%Manufacture of coke and oil refining (19) 0.0%Manufacture of rubber and plastic non metallic mineral products and metallurgy (22Manufacture of rubber and plastic, non‐metallic mineral products and metallurgy (22 to 24) Metal products, except machinery and equipment (25)

1.9%

Shipbuilding (301) 0.1%Repairing and installing machinery and equipment (33) 0.2%Low‐tech manufacturing 6.8%Food, textile, wood, paper and printing (10 to 18) 5.8%Manufacture of furniture (31) several manufacturing industries (32) 0.9%Waste (38 to 39) 0.1%Services not knowledge‐intensive 46.1%Retail wholesale and repair of motor vehicles (45 to 47) 22 8%Retail, wholesale and repair of motor vehicles (45 to 47) 22.8%Land transport and pipelines (49) 1.7%Storage and postal (52 to 53) 1.6%Hospitality (55 to 56) 6.1%Real estate activities (68) 8.9%Activities for rent (77) Travel agencies and tour operators (79) Services to buildings and landscape activities (81) Activities auxiliary administrative office (82)

3.3%

Other services (94 to 96) 1.7%Not classified activities EUROSTAT 12.4%

Construction (41 to 43) 11.6%

2020

( )Mining and quarrying (05 to 09) Energy and water (35 to 37) 0.6%Agriculture, livestock and fishing (01 to 03) 0.2%

2121

1 TOTAL OF BUSINESSES

3. WORKERS3. WORKERS3. WORKERS3. WORKERS

2 VOLUME OF WORKERS

3 PROFILE OF WORKERS


1 TOTAL OF BUSINESSES

WORKERS31. TOTAL OF BUSINESSES

22@ companies, according to size of company (%):

Represents 58%

0,7

From 50 to 199 employees

200 and more employeesof workers in

22@. (42% in 2010)

12,9

1,8

10 to 49 employees

p y

Represents 14% of workers in the

Represents 28% of workers in the 22@. (36% in 2010)

84,6

0 20 40 60 80 100

1 to 9 employees

22@. (22% in 2010)

2010 2015

2222

Base : Information on 7,337 companies located in 22@. Base: 812 surveys to companies located in 22@.


2 VOLUME OF WORKERS

WORKERS32. VOLUME OF WORKERS

Estimated number of workers in 22@

‐6% +10%

2323


3 PROFILE OF WORKERS

WORKERS33. PROFILE OF WORKERS

Women represent on average 35.5% Women represent on average 35.5% p gof all workers in 22@.

p gof all workers in 22@.

Workers with university degrees represent on average 32.2% of all workers in 22@

Workers with university degrees represent on average 32.2% of all workers in 22@workers in [email protected] in 22@.

Foreign workers represent on average 11% of all workers in 22@. 2 out of 3 firms do not have any of these.

Foreign workers represent on average 11% of all workers in 22@. 2 out of 3 firms do not have any of these.

2424

Base: 836 replies

2525

1 TURNOVER

4. 4. BUSINESS ACTIVITYBUSINESS ACTIVITY4. 4. BUSINESS ACTIVITYBUSINESS ACTIVITY

2 STRATEGIC CLUSTERS

3 EXPORTS

R D ACTIVITY4

5

R+D ACTIVITY

2.0 ENVIRONMENT

6 INNOVATION

7 BRAND IMAGE


1 TURNOVER

BUSINESS ACTIVITY41. TURNOVER

Estimation of the turnover of companies in 22@(Millions of Euros)

+2%

2626



BUSINESS ACTIVITY42. STRATEGIC CLUSTERS

Companies with their main business activity in a sector cluster (%):

YesNo

Yes40,4%

59,6%

0,0%

0,0%

4 out of 10 companies surveyed believe that their main activity is part of a proposed sector cluster. Unlike in 2012, retail has been included as a business sector cluster.Additionally, 2.3% of companies surveyed believe that their secondary activity is also part of a sector cluster.

2727

Base: 812 replies



BUSINESS ACTIVITY4

Main activity cluster (%):

2. STRATEGIC CLUSTERS

6,3

7,8

Design / Culture / Media

Information and communications technology (ICT) / Mobile

3,0

4,1

Logistics and freight

Tourism

1,5

1,6

Bi t h l bi di i d di l t h l

Agrifoods

Logistics and freight

0,2

1,1Energy and environment / Electric Vehicle

Biotechnology, biomedicine and medical technology

59 6

14,9

0,2

Retail

Higher education and research

2828

59,6

0 20 40 60 80 100

No part of any cluster sector

2015 2012

Base: 812 replies


3 EXPORTS

BUSINESS ACTIVITY4

Companies according to export activity (%)

3. EXPORTS

Type of internationalization process (%)

100

Companies according to export activity (%)

1,7Ns / Nc

Type of internationalization process (%)

74,8 75,1 72,6

60

80

16,5

8,7

Commercial operations abroad

Production operations abroad

23,5 24,9 27,4

20

40

40,9

50,4

Sporadic exports

Consolidated exports

0

20

Exporters Not exporters On average 38% of exporting

0 20 40 60 80 100Base: 136 multiple responses from 115 companies.

Base: 836 replies.

2010 2012 2015O a e age 38% o e po t gcompanies' revenues come fromsales abroad. Base: 89 replies

2929


3 EXPORTS

BUSINESS ACTIVITY4

Main export destinations (%)

3. EXPORTS

Rest of Europe 18.1%

i

EuropeanUnion 70 7% Asia

18.1%

North America25%

Union 70.7%

Africa10.3%

SouthAmerica37.1%

3030

Base: 211 multiple replies from 116 companies.

Others2.6%


4 R+D ACTIVITY

BUSINESS ACTIVITY4

Companies that have R&D activities (%)

4. R+D ACTIVITY

80

100

60

40

19,420

Base: 837 replies..

0Yes R+D

Only 40% of companies that develop R&D activities have given information about their turnover or personnel dedication. The

3131

y p p g pmedian sales volume associated is 10%. The median dedication to R&D is equivalent to one person/year. Base: 65 replies.


4 R+D ACTIVITY

BUSINESS ACTIVITY44. R+D ACTIVITY

Situation of the company in terms of R&D (%):

100,0

60,660,0

80,0

27,7 28,7

40,0

,

6,3

20,0

0,0Performs basic

researchPerforms applied

researchExperimentaldevelopment

Ns / Na

3232

Base: 116 multiple replies from 94 companies.


5 2 0 ENVIRONMENT

BUSINESS ACTIVITY45. 2.0 ENVIRONMENT

A corporate website and use of social media and e‐commerce are used by

th h lf f th iCompanies that regularly use the following tools (%)

more than half of the companies surveyed with knowledge‐intensive activities.

28 1

2,2

Telework ‐ Distance Work

Ns / Na

.

.

39 7

33,2

28,1

Intranet internalweb work

Mobile applications

Telework Distance Work

55 7

42,4

39,7

Purchase / sale online

Applications in the cloud ‐ Cloud computing

Intranet, internal web work

65,4

55,7

C b i

Social networks (twitter, facebook, linkedin ...)

Purchase / sale online

76,5

0,0 20,0 40,0 60,0 80,0 100,0

Corporate website

3333

Base: 1,270 multiple replies from 370 companies.


6 INNOVATION

BUSINESS ACTIVITY4

Type of innovation carried out (%):

6. INNOVATION

In the last year...Type of innovation expected (%):

In the next years...

100,0

Type of innovation carried out (%):

34% of companies surveyed have done some kind of innovation in the

100,0

Type of innovation expected (%):

27% of companies surveyed expect to do some kind of innovation in the

60,0

80,0done some kind of innovation in the last year. Base: 366 multiple replies from 723 companies..

60,0

80,0do some kind of innovation in the years to come. Base: 310 multiple replies from 727 companies.

40,0 40,0

18,8 17,2

9,05,7

20,0 16,1 14,7

6,6 5,2

20,0

0,0Product technology

innovationProcess technology

innovationOrganizationalinnovation

Marketing Innovation0,0

Product technologyinnovation

Process technologyinnovation

Organizationalinnovation

Marketing Innovation

3434

3535

1 22@ BRAND IMAGE

5. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT5. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT5. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT5. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

2 LAST THREE YEARS

OUTLOOK FOR THE NEXT YEARS3


BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT5 1. BRAND IMAGE

What word do you identify 22@ with? :

BRAND IMAGE

37% of respondents believe that the 22@ brand adds value to their company.

3636

Base: 370 replies.


BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT52 LAST THREE YEARS

In the last three years...

2. LAST THREE YEARS

Your company’s business performance has been... (%):

2012 2015

38%

2015

37%22%

3%

Increasing Stable Decreasing NS/NA

The perception that business performance has been improving over the past three years is on the up, growing from 12% in 2012 to 37% today; for the next year, the forecast is up to 61% The main risk fa tor remains ‘ eak demand’ hile the fa tor ‘ ompetition’ is no

Base: 370 responses to a comprehensive questionnaire

3737

61%. The main risk factor remains ‘weak demand’, while the factor ‘competition’ is now more important than ‘financing’.


BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT52 LAST THREE YEARS

Ri k f t t b i (%)

In the last three years...

2. LAST THREE YEARS

Risk factors to your business are (%):

Base: 370 replies

3838


BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT53 OUTLOOK FOR THE NEXT YEAR

Outlook for the next year…

3. OUTLOOK FOR THE NEXT YEAR

...The business performance of your company will (%):

2012

61%

34%

3%

2%2%Increase Remain stable Decrease Ns/Na

3939

Base: 370 replies.



Outlook for the next year ...


The price level of your products / services will (%):2012

The number of people employed in your company will (%):

59% 2012

35%

2%4%

4040

Increase Remain stable Decrease Ns/NaBase: 370 replies



Outlook for the next year ...


Investments in general will:2012

53%

37%

5%5%

Increase Remain stable Decrease Ns/Na

4141

Base: 370 resplies



Outlook for the next year...


Turnover abroad will : 2012

1%2%

65%

Increase

Remain stable

21%

11% Decrease

Ns/Na

No export sales

4242

Base: 370 replies


5 BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT3 OUTLOOK FOR THE NEXT YEAR

In one year's time ...


Overall, the general economic trend in Barcelona will (%):

72%Improve

20%

Stay the same

Get worse

Ns / Nc

4%

4% 3 out of 4 companies interviewed4% 3 out of 4 companies interviewed forecast an economic improvement in the city.

4343

Base: 370 replies

4444

1 TECHNICAL INFORMATION

6. ANNEX6. ANNEX6. ANNEX6. ANNEX

2SURVEY


1 TECHNICAL INFORMATION

ANNEX6

h ll h ll

1. TECHNICAL INFORMATION

Focus on the major companies in 22@Barcelona

Special attention was given to companies with more than 100 workers, with the aim of obtaining information from as many of these as possible given their relative weight

Telephone calls to 22@ companies

To achieve objectives, we used the following methodological procedure:

as many of these as possible, given their relative weight across the entire business district.

Besides Gaps’ extraordinary job collecting data from these large companies, it is critical to have the direct

Telephone calls to a sample of registered companies to detect changes, new companies and those wound up.Up to five telephone calls on different days and different times If effective participation was not achieved it was g p ,

collaboration of municipal officials in order to ensure maximum participation.

times. If effective participation was not achieved it was classified as ‘rejected’ or ‘unreachable’.’

Brief form was completed for each company (CATI survey) to validate and broaden information available on the registers. In the case of knowledge‐intensive companies and/or technology‐intensive companies the following information was sought: company name, address, cluster, web and e‐mail, the number of workers in 22@, turnover, R&D carried out origin of majority of share capital yearR&D carried out, origin of majority of share capital, year when set up in 22@ or when founded.

4545


TECHNICAL INFORMATION

ANNEX6

h d f hd l

TECHNICAL INFORMATION

Method of the interview:Computer‐assisted telephone interviews (CATI) wereadministered at the workplace of the interviewees with astructured questionnaire.

Study population:Companies registered in district 22@ in Barcelona.

Sample size and sampling error:

Quality control:Control of fieldwork has been 100% of interviews, by wayof an "in situ" follow‐up by those in charge of the technical

400 valid telephone interviews.Margins of error for the overall results was ± 4.88% for aconfidence level of 95.5% where p = q = 50 and k = 2.

of an in situ follow‐up by those in charge of the technicaland quality aspects at Gaps.

Sampling procedure:The sample has been built according to a simple randomdesign.The companies interviewed were selected according tothe criteria of being a knowledge intensive economicthe criteria of being a knowledge‐intensive economicactivity. Large businesses were treated apart because oftheirs number of employees and turnover.

4646


6 ANNEX2 SURVEY2. SURVEY

4747



4848



4949



5050

Còrsega, 391, entl. 2a ‐ 08037 Barcelona Tel. 93 208 25 90www.gaps.cat

22@ barcelona - economic activity analysis (june 2015)

Economy & Finance