2111 2005 technology for 2 nd generation biofuels petter hieronymus heyerdahl
TRANSCRIPT
21112005
Technology for 2nd Generation Biofuels
Petter Hieronymus Heyerdahl
Tech
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GOAL:
TO CONVERT
WASTES AND DIFFICULT BIOMASS
INTO
BIOFUELS AND VALUABLE PRODUCTS
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Pyrolysis: Braking down (lysis) of a material by heat (pyro)
Biomass is heated to
300 - 600 ºCin the
absence of air in
a gas thightreaction
chamber.
Biomass input
Gases: CO, CO2, H2, CH4
LiquidsMicrowave
energyinput
Vola-tiles
Char / Carbonand inert solid material
C
on
dense
r
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Microwaves are radio waves
+- OH
H
Radio waves travel through biomass Molecules are put into motion – that is heat
Frequency: 2450 MHz
Wavelength: 12 cm.
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Heating by microwaves
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Motor
To distillasjonor
condensationFeedstock10 kg/h
C + inert
3 x 1.5 kW-generators
Main components of the microwave pyrolysis reactor
Quarts glass window
Purge gas inlet
5 m
Ø 250 mm
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Properties of the continuous MWP plant:
Totally closed system
No air or oxygen added: – minimum gas volumes generated – high calorific value on gases
Low thermal masses of the reactor give short start and shut down times
Precise temperature control:- Low carry over of pollutants- Facilitates better product control
Small plants can be profitable
Electric input 5 – 25 % of feedstock energy content
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MWP of aspen
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MWP of municipal solid waste
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Why MWP? Conclusion
Powerful tool in concentration of hazardous
components in biomass and waste streams
Waste reduction and in-process separation
Conversion of biomass and bio wastes for
bio fuels, energy and bio chemicals
Attractive tool in education and international
collaboration
Development of new technology – industrialisation