VWS WestgarthServices DepartmentOrbital House - 3 Redwood Crescent - East Kilbride � Scotland, G74 5PR

+ 44 1355 588024

VWS Brazil LtdaServices DepartmentRua Lauro Muller, 116. Sala 3802. Botafogo. RJ � Brasil

+55 (21) 2004-1428

Veolia Water Oil & Gas AngolaServices DepartmentViana Park, Pavilhao No1 Quarteirão 9, Estrada do Calumbo, Polo Industrial de Viana � Angola

+244 222 711 799

Vithane™

A nutrient can be defined as any element that is utilized by microorganisms for energy generation and cellular growth. The exact mixture of nutrients required for optimal growth varies between species of microorganism. Of course some elements (macronutrients) such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, phosphorus and sulphur are essential to all organisms and are usually present in abundance in most wastewaters. However there is often a shortage of other minerals and trace elements (micronutrients).

> Many metals are involved in important enzymatic activities and play an important role in the removal efficiency of the biomass. These metals are required in very small quantities but they are crucial for proper methanogenic activity. Not all wastewaters

contain sufficient amounts of these specific metals and therefore trace element addition is common for industrial anaerobic treatment systems. Typical industries that require trace element addition are chemical and paper.

> Biothane provides a nutrient solution containing all necessary micronutrients which is called Vithane. This micronutrient solution is often mixed together with Iron, which is an essential nutrient for anaerobic bacteria. For this reason Biothane can also offer pre-mixed nutrient solutions of FeCl3 and Vithane.

> Wastewaters produced by the chemical industry typically do not contain any micronutrients and also lack some macronutrients. Therefore Biothane has developed a special mixture (Vithane Complete) for the chemical industry. Vithane Complete contains all the necessary nutrients to promote granular formation and to achieve optimal performance. A key advantage of Vithane Complete is that all micronutrients are provided in a single solution, which reduces the handling requirement. Vithane Complete is discharged directly to a storage tank thereby eliminating any potential hazardous situations.

Some examples of elementsused for our Vithane products.

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We can offer the following products:

> Vithane – Basic The standard Biothane trace element solution. The main precursor for our other mixtures.

> Vithane – FeCl3 mixture Iron Chloride pre-mixed with Vithane.

> Vithane Complete A complex mixture with among others, Vithane, FeCl3, MgSO4, etc. Developed for wastewaters with very low concentrations of nutrients (e.g. Chemical).

> S-Vithane Vithane developed for Sulfothane application.

> Custom made product For uncommon wastewaters.

References

Industry Country

Chemical Poland

Starch France

Dairy The Netherlands

Chemical Portugal

Paper Poland

Food - Candy Switzerland

Beer Czech Republic

Paper Norway

BiothaneTanthofdreef 21, 2623 EW Delft, The NetherlandsTel: +31 (0)15 2700111Biothane@veolia.com • www.biothane.com

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