Market Study On The Brick Field Industry of Greater Barisal Region of Bangladesh

April, 2016 Dhaka, Bangladesh

For

IDCOL Bangladesh

Submitted by

Innovision Consulting Private Limited Research | Technical Assistance | Project Management

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Acronyms

BSCIC Bangladesh Small & Cottage

Industries Corporation EPZ Export Processing Zone GoB Government of Bangladesh IDCOL Infrastructure Development

Company Limited LGRD Local Government and Rural

Development NGO Non-Government Organization PDB Power Dvelopment Board PWD Public Works Depart RH Roads and High Way UAABL Usa Agro and Auto Bricks Ltd.

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List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... 3 List of Figures ................................................................................................................... 3 1. Background of the Study:.......................................................................................... 4 2. Objectives of the Study: ............................................................................................ 4 3. Methodology of the Study: ........................................................................................ 4 4. Key Findings: ............................................................................................................. 5

4.1. Major Consumers of Clay Bricks ....................................................................... 5 4.2. Annual Demand of Clay Bricks and Brick Chips in the Targeted Area ............... 6 4.3. Demand Supply Gap for Bricks in the Target Area ............................................ 7 4.4. Price Comparison.............................................................................................. 8 4.5. On-going Development Projects that May Require Large Volume of Clay Bricks in Next 10 Years .......................................................................................................... 8 4.6. Brick Kiln Set-up Procedure and Technologies ............................................... 11 4.7. Potential Sources for Raw Materials ............................................................... 12 4.8. Project Specific Advantage/ Disadvantages .................................................... 13

5. Recommendations ................................................................................................... 14 6. Limitations of the Study .......................................................................................... 15 Annexure-1 (List of Respondents of the Survey) .......................................................... 17 Annexure-2 (Tools Used in the Survey) ......................................................................... 20

Checklist for Brick field Owner/ Manager .................................................................... 20 Checklist for Contractors/ Builders/ Mason: ................................................................ 24 Checklist for Conducting In-Depth Interview of the Government Officials ................... 26

List of Tables

Table 1 List of Major Customers of Clay Bricks ............................................................... 6 Table 2 By-District Projected Demand ............................................................................. 7 Table 3 Expected future development in next 10 years ................................................. 10 Table 4 Productivity comparison between All vs. Auto Kiln ............................................ 13

List of Figures

Figure 1 Average Production vs. Sales (in million) .......................................................... 6 Figure 2 Public vs. Private Sector Usage ........................................................................ 6 Figure 3 Price of different grades of bricks (for each 1000) ............................................. 8

Table of Content

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1. Background of the Study: The proposed Project involves setting up of an Automatic Brick Manufacturing Plant using Tunnel Kiln Technology with Coal Gasification System at Lebukhali, Dumki, Patuakhali by Usa Agro and Auto Bricks Ltd. (UAABL). The Project will be an automatic brick manufacturing unit based on energy efficient Tunnel Kiln technology with coal gasification system having daily production capacity of approximately 120,000 solid bricks or 372,000 facing bricks. The Project will use automation at various stages of production; i.e. raw material preparation, green brick making, stacking, drying and burning. Notably, the sponsors have already acquired a total land area of 8 acre at Lebukhali, Dumki valuing around BDT 160.00 million for establishment of the mentioned resident facilities. IDCOL Bangladesh is looking for financing the project. Before going for further investment a market study has been conducted so that the stakeholders may have a clear idea about different aspects of the market dynamics of projects peripheral regions. Innovision Consulting Pvt. Ltd. has been assigned by IDCOL authority as research partner to generate the insight about the market dynamics and invest worthiness of the project.

2. Objectives of the Study:

The study has been conducted to identify the demand and supply of clay bricks and its

chips at Patuakhali, Barisal, Barguna, Jhalakathi, & Pirozpur.

Following are the specific objectives based on which the study has been conducted:

I. Major consumers of clay bricks in public and private sectors with annual consumption;

II. Annual demand of clay bricks and brick chips by private sector and public sector in the target region;

III. Demand supply gap for bricks in the target area and how this gap is being met;

IV. Price comparison of different categories of bricks in the target region and trend analysis for brick price for the last 5-10 years;

V. Ongoing development projects that may require large volume of clay bricks in next 10 years;

VI. Number & location of brick kilns, their technology, capacity, size of workforce, coal & clay source, operational days in a year;

VII. Potential sources for raw materials (clay and coal) and pricing for the Project; VIII. Any site specific advantage/ disadvantages for this particular Project;

3. Methodology of the Study:

The study has been carried out mainly by using qualitative study. As research tools following tools have been used:

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i. In-depth Interview with owners/ managers of brick fields of Barisal Division (24 in total: 5 in Barisal, 5 in Patuakhali, 5 in Bhola, 3 in Barguna, 3 in Jhalokathi and 3 in Pirojpur)

ii. In-depth Interview with construction contractors of Barisal Davison (18 in total: 4 in; Barisal Patuakhali & Bhola, and 2 each in; Barguna, Jhalokathi & Pirojpur)

iii. In-depth Interview of builders/large scaled masons of Barisal Division (12 in total: 3 each in Barisal Patuakhali & Bhola, and 1 each in; Barguna, Jhalokathi & Pirojpur)

iv. Key Informant Interviews of different government officials and other relevant stakeholders.

v. Review of different relevant literature.

4. Key Findings:

4.1. Major Consumers of Clay Bricks

Major consumers of clay bricks can widely be classified into two categories: Private Sector Consumers and Public Sector bodies. Private Sector: The land owners have been reported as one of the major customer group of the greater Barisal region. They procure clay bricks due to the construction of household infrastructures. According to the survey findings the incidence of this sort of construction activities has been increased in last few years due to the reduced cost of rod and other relevant raw materials in the region as well as a positive socio-economic shift of the locality. It is evident that overall lifestyle and purchasing power have been improved of the locality of the region resulting many households are shifting from traditional non-brick-built house to brick-built house. Lots of infrastructure development activities are happening in the region particularly led by builders, contractors, educational institutions, NGOs, hospitals and various other commercial and residential entities. Major commercial entities as buyers of brick in the market are large groups of companies, market complex manufacturers, privately owned university buildings, banks and insurance companies etc. In Barisal District respondents have particularly mentioned about Opsonin Pharmaceuticals Ltd. as one of the major purchaser of clay bricks. Public Sector: Major buyers of brick in the region are mainly the government enlisted contractors. However they purchase bricks mainly on-behalf of different departments of government like LGRD, Roads and Highways, PWD, PDB, Union Parishod, Upazilla Porishod, City Corporations, Facility Schools & Colleges etc. For the maintenance of road transport network, Roads and Highways department needs around 1 million bricks per annum.

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Table 1 List of Major Customers of Clay Bricks

Private Sector Buyers Public Sector Buyers

Land Owners LGRD

Builders and Contractors Roads & Highway

Educational Institutes Upazilla Porishod

NGOs Union Porishod

Hospitals and Clinics PWD

Large Group of Companies City Corporation

Opsonin Pharmaceuticals Facility School/ College University

Private University Authorities PDB

4.2. Annual Demand of Clay Bricks and Brick Chips in the Targeted Area

Among the surveyed brick-fields last year the average production reported was 3.57 million bricks whereas their average sales were 3.27 million. Reported average sales are showing a gradually increasing trend over last 5 years indicating to the increasing demand of clay bricks in the targeted region.

Figure 1 Average Production vs. Sales (in million)

Total annual demand of bricks in the targeted area is around 40 Crores of unit. Among these around 19 crores are required for the governments projects and another 21 crores are going for private sector development.

Figure 2 Public vs. Private Sector Usage

3.21 3.22 3.21 2.86 2.78

3.27 3.09

2.84 2.68

2.43

2015 2014 2013 2012 2011

Annual

Production

48% 53%

Public Sector Usage

Private Sector Usage

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Demand of bricks is lower in Jhalokathi and Borguna. In these region on an average near about 5.2 crores bricks are needed in each region per annum. In Patuakhali, Pirojpur and Bhola the average demand reported is around 6.8 crores per district per annum. The highest annual demand reported is for Barisal district which is more than 8.2 crores.

Table 2 By-District Projected Demand

Name of District Annual Projected Demand (in Croes of unit)

Barisal 8.2

Bhola 6.8

Potuakhali 6.8

Pirojpur 6.8

Jhalokathi 5.2

Borguna 5.2

Near about 25%-30% of the required bricks are used for producing pickets.

4.3. Demand Supply Gap for Bricks in the Target Area

Gap between supplies vs. demand has been observed across Potuakhali, Borguna, Jalokathi and Pirojpur. In Potuakhali which is the projects key target area overall supply of bricks is even less than 50% according to the interviewed respondents. They have mentioned about lack of brick fields in this particular region is the main reason behind this reported gap. The respondents of Patuakhali have mentioned that to meet the additional requirement of brick they source bricks from Koloshkathi Upzilla of Jhalokathi or Barisal Sadar with bearing extra cost of transportation which is ranged between BDT 700 to 1200 for each thousand. In Barguna lower number of brick fields has been identified as the main reason behind the gap. Respondents of this region have also mentioned about their sourcing from Koloshkathi with higher transport cost to fulfill their demand. Respondents of Jhalokathi have given a mixed opinion. In this region there are some gaps between demand and supply. To meet this gap there is a practice of forward buying of briks from the brick fields. In that case sometimes quality standard falls down. The major issue with the Pirojpurs supply is the quality of brick. Because of the sandy soil structure of this region bricks are not that strong here. So getting the grade-1 brick is a challenge for the purchasers of this region. People procure clay bricks from Bhola, Barisal or Khulna Districts brickfields with bearing extra transport cost which varies from BDT 2000 to 2500 per thousand units. On the other hand in Barisal and Bhola the supply condition of clay brick is better than other 4 districts of the Division. Customers of these districts are more or less happy with the supply though there are some issues with the quality of bricks. As par the user groups responses, sometimes the brick field authorities try to push the 2nd graded bricks in the name of 1st graded one. Another problem identified is the uneven size of bricks. In

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Bhola district the user groups of clay bricks have mentioned that the supply related issues were acute earlier but after the establishment of two auto-brick plants the situation has been quite better. Moreover, due to new DoE policy all the FCK (Fixed Chimney Kiln) will wind up business in the near future it is anticipated that this will result in a huge supply gap until new plants come into production.

4.4. Price Comparison

In last few years the price of bricks has been increased significantly for all categories. For an example the price of Grade-1(indicated with blue column in the following graph) bricks has took 25% increment over last 6 years. Across all the areas it was common finding is for the purpose of picket production customers purchase a particularly separate grade of bricks which are over burned. These bricks are also sold as like as other grades of bricks are sold. Following is the detail price comparison of by-category clay bricks from 2011 to 2016:

Figure 3 Price of different grades of bricks (for each 1000)

4.5. On-going Development Projects that May Require Large Volume of Clay Bricks in Next 10 Years

Developmental pace of the Greater Barisal Region is walking to its momentum. As an effect of the Padma Bridge development this certain region is now getting priority. Lots of large scale projects are queued up in both public and private sector. Some of the major on-going or upcoming projects are stated below: Private Sector:

i. In Barisal: a. Regional Office Set-up for Pran-RFL: in Barisal a regional office for Pran-

RFL Company is supposed to be set-up. This project will require around 2 to 2.5 crores of clay bricks.

ii. In Patuakhali: a. A privately developed EPZ is going to be established where around 3

crores of bricks will be required. b. M.P. Firoz Tobacco Company would be set-up.

6708 6890 6310 6112

5573 5381

5775 5819 5555 5318 4627

4236 4675 4704 4365 4014

3209 3055

6721 6895 6480 6123 5573 5359

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011

Grade-1

Grade-2

Grade-3

Picket

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iii. In Bhola: a. A farm for Kazi Farms Ltd. b. Lalmohon Cold Storage & Junaid Rice Mill might require around 2.4

million bricks. c. Zilla Porishod Market would require 1.5 million bricks. d. Ayesha Memorial Hospital would require 5 million bricks. e. Office set-up for SAP Bangladesh

iv. In Borguna:

a. A large scaled office set-up for Heed Bangladesh b. Office set-up for South Asian Partnership c. A large scaled ice-factory is going to be established in Kumarkhali, d. A big project of World Bank is going to be initiated where around 2 million

bricks would be required.

v. In Jhalokathi: a. A college and an orphanage are going to be built in the name of wife of

honorable minister Mr. Amir Hossain Amu. Public Sector:

i. Police Academy Building which will require around 10 crores of bricks.

ii. Lebukhali Cantonment and Lebukhali Bridge would require around 15 crores of

bricks.

iii. A Medical University is going to be established.

iv. Chief Judicial Court would be built where 5 crores bricks would be required.

v. A Nursing Dormitory may be established.

vi. University residential area would require 4 to 5 cores bricks.

vii. Shilpo Kola Building would require 5 million bricks.

viii. Around 2 crore bicks would be needed to establish the residential building of

Govt. Hatem Ali College.

ix. In Bhola there is a plan of establish a Textile Institute which may require around

2 crore bricks.

x. A medical college is supposed to be established in Bhola.

xi. Bhola Jazz Court.

xii. Road network from Bholas Lalmohon to Char Fashion would be developed and

around 5 million bricks would be needed for that.

xiii. Mukti Joddha Complex is going to be built in the Thana Circle of Lalmohon,

Bhola where around 0.3 million bricks would be required.

xiv. For develop LGRDs roads and Cyclone Center around 1 crore bricks will be

required.

xv. Coast Guard Office set-up may require around 4 million bricks.

xvi. A 300 MW Power Plant is going to be built which would require around 4 crore

bricks.

xvii. Residential buildings for the officials of Payra Deep Sea-port are to be

established where 6 crore bricks would be required.

xviii. Around 2 crores bricks would be required for the establishment of Kuakata

Parjatan Kendra.

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xix. Four lanes highway is being expected to be developed from Faridpur to Kuakata

within next five years which would require a vast amount of Grade-1 bricks and

brick chips.

Table 3 Expected future development in next 10 years

Project Description District

Projection of Required

Bricks Quantity

Private Sector

Regional Office Set-up for Pran-RFL Barisal 2.5 Croes

A privately developed EPZ Potuakhali 3 Crores

M.P. Firoz Tobacco Company Potuakhali

Commercial structures to accommodate tourists in Kuakata

Potuakhali

Kazi Farms Bhola

Lalmohon Cold Storage Bhola 2.4 Million

Junaid Rice Mill Bhola

Zilla Porishod Market Bhola 1.5 Crores

Ayesha Memorial Hospital Bhola 5 Million

SAP Bangladesh office set-up Bhola

Office set-up for Heed Bangladesh Borguna

Office set-up for South Asian Partnership Borguna

A large scaled ice-factory Borguna

A big project of World Bank Borguna 2 Million

A college and an orphanage in the name of wife of honorable minister Mr. Amir Hossain Amu

Jhalokathi

Public Sector

Police Academy Building Barisal 10 Crores

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Lebukhali Cantonment and Lebukhali Bridge Patuakhali 15 Crores

A Medical University Barisal

Chief Judicial Court Patuakhali 5 Crores

A Nursing Dormitory Barisal

University residential area Patuakhali 5 Crores

Shilpo Kola Building Patuakhali 5 Million

Residential building of Govt. Hatem Ali College Barisal 2 Crores

Textile Institute Bhola 2 Crores

A medical college Bhola

Bhola Jazz Court Bhola

Road network from Bholas Lalmohon to Char Fashion Bhola 5 Million

Mukti Joddha Complex Bhola 0.3 Million

LGRDs roads and Cyclone Center Bhola 1 Crores

Coast Guard Office Patuakhali 4 Million

A 300 MW Power Plant Patuakhali 4 Crores

Residential buildings for the officials of Payra Deep Sea-port

Patuakhali 2 Crores

Four lanes highway is being expected to be developed from Faridpur to Kuakata

4.6. Brick Kiln Set-up Procedure and Technologies

To set up a brick field first task is to take Location certificate from Directorate of Environment. Directorate of Environment does assess EAI (Environmental Impact Assessment) then give permission accordingly. Based on establishment cost brick field owner has to deposit environmental fee according to slots. As part of Government instruction Drum kiln is totally banned and mobile court is active there to monitor that. The registered brick fields in Barisal division is 306 (184 Zigzag, 2 Auto and 120 are 120feet kiln). The ministry is not permitting for new 120 feet brick field. Fuel source of Zigzag is coal instead of wood. Ministry are now motivating 120 feet brick field to convert into Zigzag. Two auto brick fields have been established in Bhola and their capacities ranges from

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50000-80000 bricks per day. Zigzag brick field can produce roughly 4 million in this region. During the survey many of the interviewed brick-field representatives have mentioned that they have already shifted their technology to Zigzag Kiln. And almost all of the remaining fields who are still operating through Fixed Chimney Kiln have mentioned they are going to be shifted to Zigzag from next years operation. However a few have shown unwillingness to shift their existing technology and also mentioned if it would be forced they would not run their operation since shifting technology is both time consuming and very costly. However as par the DoE data 306 brick fields are documented officially but this number varies from the number given by BSCIC which is 412.

4.7. Potential Sources for Raw Materials

For manufacturing clay brick two types of raw materials are mainly used: clay and fuel: Source of Clay:

Currently brick-fields are collecting clay from three different sources:

i. From the excavated ponds in the near-by area.

ii. From the boatmen selling clay from unstable islands on the rivers and canals of the region.

iii. From the silt from riverside.

Clay price varies from BDT6 to BDT8 per cm3. However the brick field owners are anticipating an increasing cost of clay collection in near future since Department of Environment (DoE) is imposing ban on collecting clay from agricultural lands and other sources of top soil. In that case collecting broken islands part would be the most potential clay source in the studied region. Source of Fuel: Traditionally both wood and coal were used to be utilized as fuel for burning clay into brick. But due to the evolved and shifted technology use of wood has touching its toe level. In few of the fixed chimney kilns wood is being used to fire up the woven and rest of the processes is done by burning coal but in zigzag technology wood is not at all used. So in most cases coal is the only fuel used. Local coals are of the most superior quality but due to the scarcity of local coal brick fields are not getting priority in terms of distribution of this superior quality fuel and they have to depend on the imported sources. Earlier brick kiln were run depending on Indian coal. But Indian coal is of very inferior quality in terms of heat generating efficiency and it was not used to be marketed in a professional manner in the market.

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In comparison with Indian one, coals from Indonesia and South Africa are of superior quality are being marketed through proper channels and marketing mechanism is well established. Brick fields of the targeted area are sourcing coals mainly from Sylhet and Mongla with the cost of BDT 7000 to BDT 8000 per ton.

4.8. Project Specific Advantage/ Disadvantages

Since Barisal region is now getting priority on infrastructure development the region targeted is by-default in an advantageous position though this region has some disadvantages too. Advantages:

i. Due to the planned development of connectivity of the Barisal region with the other parts of the country as a result of Padma Bridge, this region is getting a huge priority by both public and private sector. Lots of infrastructures are going to be established in recent future which would require a huge amount of good quality bricks.

ii. The selected site (Dumki, Patuakhali) has very good connectivity through water ways not only with the Barisal regions but also with most of the parts of the country specially Dhaka and Khulna. The project would be able to utilize the cost advantage in case of transporting raw material and finished goods (bricks) to different parts of Barisal, Khulna and Dhaka region using the low-cost water ways.

iii. In auto kiln technology run brick producers require less number of human labors. The average human labor required for other kiln based factories is 130 where in the auto kiln factories this size is around 80. So by establishing auto brick kiln the project might enjoy fewer hassles on socio-economic issues caused by human labor engagement.

iv. It is evident from the production vs. sales data of two existing auto brick kiln that the productivity of this type of kiln is much higher than the traditional technology driven kilns. Where the average production of this region is around 3.5 million the average 7.5 million which is more than twice.

Table 4 Productivity comparison between All vs. Auto Kiln

Avg. Annual Production 2015 2014 2013

Avg. of all Kiln 3.58 3.57 3.18

Avg. of Auto Kiln 7.65 6.93 4.10

v. In this region there is a presence of a lot of unstable islands which are fragile by nature. Lots of boatmen collect the soil broken from the island and sell it to the brick fields. DoE does not have any allegation on using the soil from these

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sources and are not classified either as top soil or agricultural soil. So sourcing clay is comparatively less challenging in this particular region.

vi. In Patuakhali region number of brick fields is very limited and demand is increasingly high. Respondents of the survey have mentioned about high scarcity of quality bricks in this region which can be considered as an opportunity. Moreover this is pretty much expected that the demand for bricks would be very high in near future since a lot of big projects are being planned particularly in Patuakhali and the adjacent areas.

vii. Government is creating immense pressure on the brick field owners to shift their operation in more eco-friendly process. Shifting technology is very costly and time consuming. For the most of the players it would be very difficult to accommodate this increasing cost and time and eventually have to end up by shutting down the operation. This down-sizing competition can be a huge opportunity for the project.

viii. Auto bricks are usually superior in quality. Because of its uniformity in size and shape, during construction using auto bricks can create optimization in the cost of other construction materials (eg. Cement, sand, concrete etc.). On the other hand using bricks processed through traditional technologies increase the waste ratio of bricks due to miss-matched size-shape. Because of the uniformity of auto bricks the wall produced by using this type of bricks gets optimized strength and 1000 auto-processed bricks suffice the need of 1200 traditionally processed bricks1.

Disadvantages:

i. In the selected region seasonality has been observed in case of infrastructure development works. Usually construction activities remain shut-down particularly during monsoon. Demand for clay bricks usually remains at its expected level for seven months of the year from November to May which indicates that the factory may not be operated at its fullest capacity in rest five months bearing its overhead costs.

ii. Availability of labor force is getting scarce day by day and thus the cost is getting higher.

iii. The weather condition of this region is not stable and it is one of the natural disaster prone regions of the country.

iv. Already two automated brick factory have been established in Bhola which may create a challenge against utilizing the competitive advantages of the planned project.

5. Recommendations

i. Considering the market dynamics of the region the project should design its operational blue print in a way where it can be operate in its full capacity for 7

1 Auto Bricks Ponner Biponon Shomeekkha Protibedon published by BSCIC

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months in a year from November to May. There should be a mechanism to cover up the overhead costs of the non-operating days.

ii. Since during the wet seasons clay-soil is not available in regular quantity it is recommended to source the required clay for these wet seasons during the dry seasons.

iii. Since a lot of public and private sector projects are going to be executed in the targeted operational region, a strong plan of action should be designed. Building relationships with the local and national level contractors, builders and other relevant stakeholders related with the construction activities may work as a key success factor behind the projects profitability.

iv. Since both government and general people of the country are becoming very environmentally concerned day by day the projects greenness in terms of overall operation should be very strongly designed and maintained.

v. It is recommended to use the water-ways for the transportation of raw materials as well as the finished products to crate cost advantage and avoid the hassles of road-transports.

vi. Features of auto-bricks particularly cost advantage and the waste reduction capability should be branded properly and also should be communicated strongly to the target customer groups. A proper branding and marketing mechanism should be developed to convince the stakeholders.

vii. From the study, a common response was found about a seasonal price increase during September-October immediate after monsoon. This incidence is caused due to scarcity of bricks vs. high demand in the market. Since auto-brick kiln technology is capable for producing in a regular quantity across all seasons it can be utilized as competitive advantage in this season where brick scarcity leads to higher return on sales.

viii. To reduce the cost of fuel it is recommended that the project should use high quality coals as fuel. Coal quality has a specific impact on carbon emission which results in both the eco-friendliness and high productivity with usage of less quantity. Considering the supreme quality of local coal, the project authority should communicate with the concerned authority of GoB and try to avail coal from this local source. It may create a strong competitive advantage over other competitors in the region.

6. Limitations of the Study

i. It has been decided to exclude the non-compliance brick fields (those which are

not enlisted legally) since representatives of these factories are difficult to be communicated. Considering this issue some gap between actual vs. reported values may exist.

ii. If authentic sample frame were available, it was possible to present more accurate estimation.

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iii. Because of UP election, in some cases we need to visit some brick fields multiple

times that eliminated the possibility of capturing data from more brick fields within survey timeline.

iv. In few cases respondents considered the enumerators as inspectors of different regulatory bodies (eg. DoE, NBR etc.). Hence, enumerators had faced difficulties to interview them. However, we are assuming that this notion might reflect on some responses but not a great extent.

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Annexure-1 (List of Respondents of the Survey) List of Respondents:

Name of the Organization

Name of Respondent Position of

Respondent Upozila District Contact

Brick Fields

M/S Joint Brick Md. Masud Hawlader Manager Dumki Upozila

Potuakhali 01990068220

KML Brick A. Rahim Manager Sadar Potuakhali 01715586230

Baojid Brick Kutub Uddin Baozid Owner Sadar Potuakhali 01816946241

M/S Jafor Traders Md. Jafor Iqbal Owner Sadar Borguna 01775566612

A.B.M Brick Md. Saidur Rahman Shahin

Manager Sadar Borguna 01711083893

Mita Brick Md. Sorif Manager Sadar Bhola 01711394964

M/S Monir Brick Md. Moniruzzaman (monir)

Owner Bogolkathi Jhalokathi 01711317666

A.R.S Brick Pijus Manager Sadar Jhalokathi 01712119612

Advance Auto Brick

Md. Fokhrul Islam Manager Sadar Bhola 01715040788

Priyo Automatic Bricks Ltd.

Md. Nurul Islam Manager Daulot Khan Bhola

Bhola 01709505050

M/S Four Star Brick

Md. Mijanur Rahman Sikder

Manager Jhalokathi Jhalokathi 01556408882

A. Ali Brick Md. Jolil Sarder Manager Sadar Barisal 01712943743

A.G.M Brick Md. Balayet Hossain Owner Barishal Bondor thana

Barisal 01711931702

Kobir Brick Ind. Md. Kobir Hawlader Manager Sadar Pirojpur 01711341956

M/S M.S.B Brick Sobuj Khan Manager Sadar Pirojpur 01711308476

Sun Brick Md. Shahidul Alom Manager Sadar Pirojpur 01713962003

M/S M.M. Enterprice

Md. Golam Mostofa Owner Sadar Borguna 01718435804

M/S S.S.B.M Corporation

Upin Chandra Datta Manager Sadar Potuakhali 01713822002

M/S Fahim Brick Alhaz Md. A. Hai Owner Sadar Potuakhali 01712134374

M/S Janata Brick Md. Murad Hossain Manager Sadar Bhola 01711663106

M/S Friends Corporation

Abdur Rahman Manager Sadar Bhola 01611070217

M/S M.R.B Traders

Md. Kobir Mollah Manager Bakergonj Barisal 01712081644

Luna Brick Ruhidas Pall Manager Shaheber Hat

Barisal 01711388669

M/S Fiha Brick Md. Mamun Shikder Manager Bakergonj Barisal 01712038053

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Contractors

M/S Pial Enterprise Md. Shakir Ali Khan Contractor Kawkhali Pirojpur 01718976087

M/S Sheikh Enterprise Md. Mostofa Sheikh Contractor Sadar Pirojpur 01198028637

Postal Contraction Goiri Songkor Shaha Contractor Kotoali thana Barisal 01716558067

M/S Maman Enterprise

Md. Mahabubur Rahman (Based) Contractor

Lal mohon Vola Bhola 01712426544

M/S Samsuddin Ahammod

Md. Samsuddin Ahammed Contractor Sadar Bhola 01718501485

M/S. Shanto Enterprise Morshed Alom Contractor Sadar Bhola 01740982645

M/S Sobir Brick Md. Sobir Hossain Contractor Sadar Jhalokathi 01712153989

Mir Josim Uddin Enterprise

Alhaz Mir Alfaj Uddin (josim) Contractor Sadar Barisal 01711344839

M/S Md. Ali Bagha Md. Ali Bagha Contractor Sadar Barisal 01711108258

M/S Khan Enterprise Md. Faijul Alom Khan Contractor Sadar Jhalokathi 01737330234

M/S Bojlur Rahman Traders Md. Bojlur Rahman Contractor Sadar Barisal 01718137080

M/S Islam Traders Alhaz Ajhar Ali Mridha Contractor Dumki Potuakhali 01770566655

M/S Anik Enterprise Md. Fajlul Haque Contractor

Lal mohon Vola Bhola 01716530991

M/S Rafikul Islam Traders Md. Rafikul Islam Contractor Dumki Potuakhali 01712800744

M/S Abdul Hossain Enterprise Md. Abdul Hossain Contractor Dumki Potuakhali 01711237714

M/S Motin Enterprise Gazi Moriur Rahman Contractor Sadar Potuakhali 01718286921

M/S Sajid Enterprise Md. Shohidul Islam Contractor Dumki Potuakhali 01788912268

M/S Sikder & Sons Md. Mahfuj Al Nasim Contractor Sadar Borguna 01737465786

M/S Janani Enterprise Md. Shahidul Islam Contractor Sadar Borguna 01724014958

Builders and Masons

Sekender Ali Hawlader Head Mistri Sadar Jhalokathi 01780253851

Md. Musur Ali Head Mistri Sadar Pirojpur 01924156705

Md. Akbor Ali Head Mistri Sadar Barisal 01737187916

Md. Habibur Rahman Head Mistri Sadar Barisal 01731956792

Md. Jamal Head Mistri

Lal mohon Vola Bhola 01771333744

Md. Helal Uddin Head Mistri Sadar Bhola 01721485883

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Md. Badol Mia Head Mistri Sadar Barisal 01985828898

Md. Abdul Jobbar Shikder Head Mistri Dumki Potuakhali 01724855042

Abdur Sattar hawlader Head Mistri Dumki Potuakhali 01739644428

Kala chan Bollov Head Mistri Dumki Potuakhali 01770613859

Md. Badol Head Mistri Sadar Borguna 01749369233

M. Monir Traders Md. Riaz Uddin Head Mistri Lal mohon Vola Bhola 01923593642

Other Relevant Stakeholders

Department of Environment, Barisal Division Mr. Shukumar Director Barisal 01711607546

Roads and Highway, Barisal Md. Khaled Shahed

Executive Engineer Barisal 01730782784

Brick Field Owner Association, Barisal

Mr. Asaduzzaman Khosru President Barisal 0171113815

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Annexure-2 (Tools Used in the Survey)

Checklist for Brick field Owner/ Manager

1. What are the available brick categories found in this area ?

2. How much clay brick and brick chips do you produce in a year ?

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Chips

3. What is the demand trend of clay bricks and its chips in this region - ( )?

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Chips

4. Who are the major consumers of clay bricks in and private sectors with annual consumption ( )?

Major consumers

Annual consumption

Public sector

Private sector

21

5. Is there any demand supply gap for bricks in this area? - / ?

6. How is this gap being met currently ?

7. What is the picture of the brick industry of this region ?

Brick Grade

Annual Demand in this region

Total production in this area (from all the producer)

( )

Is there any seasonality trend (Peak and Off-peak)

? ( - )

How many months the brick-fields can be operated

yearly

What are the challenges with brick

production

Grade-A

Grade-B

Grade-C

Brick Chips

8. Volume of brick sales per year ?

Year Sales in volume of bricks (Unit) Remarks

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

2010

9. Price comparison ?

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Chips

22

10. How many brick kilns are there in this district ?

Name of Brick Kline

Location Technology Capacity both storage and production

Size of workforce

clay source

Fuel Type

Source of fuel

Operational days per year

11. Is there any ongoing development construction project that may require large volume of clay bricks

in next 10 years? ? ?

12. What are the current sources for raw materials (clay and fuel) and pricing for the Project? ( ) ? ?

13. What are the Potential sources for raw materials (clay and fuel) and pricing for the Project? ( ) ? ?

14. Do you suggest any site specific advantage/ disadvantages for automatic brick field? / ?

15. DoE is not giving permission to Fixed Chimney Kilns (FCK) anymore. What is their future plan in

this regard? Windup business? Establish new project? ?

16. Are you going to run this project in the next season? YES / NO. ?

23

17. If YES; how will you manage permission?

18. Is this brick field in your own land or lease land? ?

1 2 3

24

Checklist for Contractors/ Builders/ Mason:

1. Business experience in years :

2. What are the major projects you have so far completed in recent years ?

Name of Project Required Brick Quantity

3. What are the available brick categories found in this area ?

4. What is the supply condition of clay bricks and its chips in this region - ?

5. Is there any demand supply gap for bricks in this area? - / ?

6. How is this gap being met currently ?

7. How many bricks required by you annually and expected demand in the targeted areas ?

Your annual demand for clay brick

Total demand of clay brick inn this region

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

8. Who are the major consumers of clay bricks in and private sectors with annual consumption ( )?

Major consumers Annual consumption

Public sector

Private sector

9. Price comparison ?

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Chips

25

10. Do you have any idea about the upcoming big public and private sector related infrastructural development projects (where bricks will be needed) in this region? What would be the demand as

par your estimation ? ?

11. Are you satisfied with the quality of bricks produced in the local fields? ?

5 4 3 2 1

12. Would you prefer high qaulity bricks over regualr low quality bricks? ?

5 4 3 2 1

13. Will you use high quality auto bricks if easily available in the area. ?

5 4 3 2 1

14. If the FCK fields are forced to shutdown by the DoE then what will be possible alternatives of

getting bricks in the area? ( ) ?

15. If you are to buy bricks from other district, how much will be added as carrying cost?

16. Do you follow any season for construction? ? ?

17. Will it be helpful if bricks are available all year round at reasonable price instead of only during the

dry season? ?

5 4 3 2 1

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Checklist for Conducting In-Depth Interview of the Government Officials

1. Does your organization purchase brick for any projects (both directly and through contractors)?

2. If yes what is the average annual demand of bricks for your organization?

3. Do you have any preference about supplier of brick? Why?

4. Is there any preference based on grade of brick?

5. Do you have any idea about the future demand of brick in this region? Does your organization have

any major upcoming projects within next 10 years where bricks would be required?