2015-16 - kvk, sonitpurkvksonitpur.nic.in/pdf/di 2015-16.pdf · 2017-06-06 · 7. rastriya krishi...

2015-16

KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA

AAU,NAPAM

SONITPUR

SONITPUR DISTRICT INVENTORY OF AGRICULTURE

District Inventory of Agriculture 2015-16

2 KVK,SONITPUR

SONITPUR DISTRICT

Inventory of Agriculture

2015-2016

Krishi Vigyan Kendra AAU, Sonitpur Napam, Tezpur

Pin-784028


3 KVK,SONITPUR

~~ Correct Citation ~~

Sonitpur District Inventory of Agriculture Krishi Vigyan Kendra,Sonitpur

~~ Published by ~~

Krishi Vigyan Kendra,Sonitpur

~~ Compiled by ~~

Ms. Sarmistha Borgohain

~~ Edited by ~~

Dr. P.C Deka

Mr. Anjan Krishna Sarmah

Dr.Bhrigu Kr Neog

Ms. Popy Bora

Mr.Himadri Shekhar Datta

Mr. Rituparna Pegu


~~Settings by ~~


~~ Contact ~~ Programme Coordinator Krishi Vigyan Kendra AAU,Napam,Sonitpur Email : [email protected] Mob: 9435521447 Phone :03712-267089

mailto:[email protected]


4 KVK,SONITPUR

Contents

Chapter-1 : District at a Glance

a. Climate

b. Topography

c. Forests

d. Water Resources

e. Demography

f. Culture and Education

g. Health care sector

h. Banking and allied sectors

i. Local bodies and rural development

Chapter-2 : Existing agriculture Scenario of the district

a. Crops

b. Livestock

c. Fisheries

Chapter-3 : Constraints in Agriculture Production

a. Crops

b. Livestock

c. Fisheries


5 KVK,SONITPUR

Chapter-4 : Institutional support for Agricultural development in the district

a. Crops

1. Department of Agriculture

2. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sonitpur

3. Agriculture Technology Management Agency(ATMA)

4. North Eastern Regional Institute of Water and Land

Management(NERIWALM)

5. Biswanath College of Agriculture(BNCA)

6. Lead Bank

7. Other Banking institutions

8. Farmers Clubs

b. Livestock

1. Department of Animal Husbandry

2. Department of Dairy Development

c. Fisheries

1. Department of Fisheries

Chapter-5 : Research and Development Organization relevant to District Agriculture

a. Crops

1. Regional Agricultural Research Station,North Lakhimpur

2. Horticultural Research Station,Kahikuchi


6 KVK,SONITPUR

3. Assam Agricultural University,Jorhat

4. Sugarcane Research Station, Buralikson, Dergaon

5. Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur

6. Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export

Development Authority, New Delhi

7. National Seeds Corporation,New Delhi

8. Small Farmers Agri Business Consotium,New Delhi

9. State Horticulture Mission,Assam

10. North Eastern Development Finance Corporation Ltd (NEDFi)

b. Livestock

1. College of Veterinary Science, AAU , Khanapara

2. Goat Research Station, Burnihat, Kamrup(M), Assam

3. Livestock Research Station, Mandira, Kamrup,Assam

4. College of Veterinary Science, AAU, North Lakhimpur

c. Fisheries

1. Central Inland Fisheries Research Insitute,Barrackpore 2. National Fisheries Development Board,Hyderabad

Chapter-6 : Plans and schemes for promotion of Agriculture

a. Crops

1. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development(NABARD)

2. Rubber Board

3. Spices Board

4. National Horticulture Board

5. Centrally sponsored schemes


7 KVK,SONITPUR

b. Livestock

1. Assam Agricultural Competitiveness Project

2. National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding

3. Coordinated Cattle Breeding Project

4. Schemes for Women

5. Dairy Development

6. Integrated Dairy Development Project

7. Rastriya Krishi Vikash Yojana (RKVY)

8. Milk Village Scheme

c. Fisheries

1. Assam Agricultural Competitiveness Project

2. State Plan

3. National Fisheries Development Board

Chapter-7 : Farm Machinery suitable to the District

1. Tractors

2. Power Tiller

3. Self propelled Paddy Transplanter

4. Reaper and Reaper binder

5. Bed Planter

6. Seed Dressing Drum

7. Maize Planter

8. Small combine Harvester

9. Rotary Weeder

10. Hydraulically operated Power Harrow


8 KVK,SONITPUR

Chapter-8 : Annexure

1. i. Telephone directory of important agriculture offices in Sonitpur district.

ii. Contact persons of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department in Sonitpur district.

iii. Contact persons of Fisheries department in Sonitpur district.

2. Average nutrient content of common manures and fertilizers 3. Preparation of safer pesticides for common use

List of figures: Fig 1 a: Location of Sonitpur district

Fig 1 b: Map of Tehasils/blocks of Sonitpur District

Fig 2 : Location of Panchayats(Block wise) of Sonitpur District

Fig 3 : Percent of land area under different categories in Sonitpur district Fig 4 : Cropped area under irrigation in Sonitpur District Fig 5: Sources of irrigation in Sonitpur District

List of tables

Table 1 : Climate of Sonitpur District

Table 2 : Details of forests in Sonitpur District

Table 3 : Population and literacy figures in Sonitpur District(2011)

Table 4 : (a) Name of Sub-Division of Sonitpur District

(b) Name of Revenue Circle of Sonitpur District

(c) Name of Mouza of Sonitpur District

(d) Name of Development Blocks of Sonitpur District


9 KVK,SONITPUR

Table 5 : Land Use pattern of Sonitpur district Table 6 : Soil type of the district Table 7 : Area,production and productivity of major crops of Sonitpur district Table 8 : Livestock production in Sonitpur district Table 9 : Factors affecting productivity of major crops of Sonitpur district Table 10 : Major offices for livestock development in Sonitpur district Table 11 : Schemes and plans under Crop/Livestock/Fisheries sector in Sonitpur District

-------------------------------


10 KVK,SONITPUR

Chapter- 1

District at a glance

Sonitpur is an administrative district of Assam. It was created in 1983 when it was

bifurcated from erstwhile Darrang district. It stands among the largest districts of Assam. In

terms of area Sonitpur is the second largest district of Assam after Karbi Anglong district. It is

spread over an area of 5324 km on the northern banks of Brahmaputra, the lifeline of Assam.

The population of Sonitpur district is 19, 24,110 as per 2011 Census. It is the third most

populous district of Assam, after Nagaon and Dhubri . The demography of Sonitpur district is

not entirely homogenous as several linguistic, religious and ethnic communities and groups live

in Sonitpur district.

It is also home to several natural beauty and wildlife hotspots with number of such

wildlife sanctuaries, national parks are situated in and around Sonitpur. The district

headquarters are located at Tezpur. The distance from State Capital (Dispur) is 198 km (via

Nagaon) and 181 km (via Mangaldoi).

The name Tezpur is derived from the Sanskrit words 'Teza' (meaning blood) and 'Pura'

(meaning town or city). Legend said that the original name of this place was 'Sonitpur' ("sonit"

in Sanskrit also means blood), the capital of asura king, Banasura, a devout of Shiva. Later his

daughter Usha had a Gandharva marriage with Aniruddha, the grandson of Lord Krishna, whom

she had abducted with the help of Chitralekha. On finding this Banasura imprisoned Aniruddha.

Subsequently, in the battle between Krishna's army and Banasura's army fought for the rescue

of Aniruddha, the grandson of Lord Krishna, according to legend, there was so much bloodshed

that the whole place was stained in red.This led to the name of the place becoming Tezpur. It is

the "seventh largest city" of Assam after Guwahati, Silchar, Dibrugarh, Jorhat, Nagaon and

Tinsukia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darrang_district

http://sonitpur.gov.in/karbianglong.nic.in

http://nagaon.nic.in/

http://dhubri.gov.in/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezpur

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispur

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asura

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banasura

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandharva_marriage

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aniruddha

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Krishna


11 KVK,SONITPUR

Fig 1 (a): Location of Sonitpur district

a) Climate :

Sonitpur District falls in the Sub-Tropical climatic region, and enjoys Monsoon type of

climate. Summers are hot and humid, with an average temperature of 29° C. The highest


12 KVK,SONITPUR

temperature is recorded just prior to the onset of Monsoon (around May-early June).

Summer rain is heavy, and is principally caused from late June to early September by the

moisture-laden South-West Monsoon, on striking the Himalayan foothills of the north. Such

rain is both a boon and a bane for the people. A boon, for it provides natural irrigation to the

fields; and a bane, as it causes the rivers to overflow their banks and cause floods. Autumns

are dry, and warm. It gets cooler as the months progress. Winters extend from the month of

October to February, and are cold and generally dry, with an average temperature of 16° C. It

gets quite chilling in late December and early January, on account of snowfall in the upper

reaches of Arunachal Pradesh. Springs are cool and pleasant, occurring in the months of late

March and April. Of course, during these months, flash rains and thunderstorms are at times

caused by cyclonic winds, known in local parlance as Bordoichila.

Table 1: The average rainfall, temperature and humidity of the district.

Month Rainfall (mm) Temperature 0C

Relative Humidity (%)

Maximum Minimum

Jan 21.1 24.1 10.0 79.2

Feb 22.4 25.8 12.3 72.0

March 52.3 29.7 16.0 64.8

April 147.6 30.3 19.5 73.7

May 290.4 31.0 22.0 78.2

June 354.7 32.1 24.4 75.3

July 375.9 32.2 24.8 84.4

Aug 322.2 32.7 24.9 83.6

Sep 237.9 31.9 24.1 85.2

Oct 116.2 30.8 21.1 82.0

Nov 24.0 28.4 15.6 78.4

Dec 14.0 25.1 11.2 79.9

b) Topography:

The topographical conditions of the district mainly deal with the soil types, slope and

relief, drainage, water bodies, vegetation and land use pattern. The alluvial soil is found in

different patches of the district. Slope and relief pattern of the district is almost even and


13 KVK,SONITPUR

could rather be said as plain topography. In most parts of the district the elevation varies

between 70 and 100 metres from mean sea level, and in some places contour line reaches

up to 480 metres. Sonitpur district has a number of big and small rivers flowing down from

the hilly terrains of Arunachal Pradesh. The rivers are bestowed with continuous flow of

water during non-rainy season. But, in the monsoon season some of the rivers experience

high water level which creates flood havoc in human inhabited areas. Numerous water

bodies are also distributed in every corner of the district. Different types of natural wetlands

and marshy lands are found in the district. Besides, most of the households have small ponds

in their campus, which are dug as fisheries.

c) Forests :

The jurisdiction of the Sonitpur West F.D.A. covers territorial jurisdiction of Sonitpur

West Forest Division, Tezpur which falls under Sonitpur District .This district is situated in

the central part of the state of Assam .This division covers approximately an area of 2100

Sq Km,out of which notified forests are 440.67 Sq Km.It has four functional Ranges namely,

Sadar Range with HQ at Tezpur, Centrel Range at Ameribari, Chariduar Range with HQ at

Chariduar and Dhekiajuli Range at Dhekiajuli.It is headed by one D.C.F who is assisted by

four nos of A.C.F.

Table 2: Details of forests in Sonitpur District

A brief description of the Divisions :-

1.Notified Forests with area :- 44,067 ha.

2. Ranges and Beats :-

Ranges Beat/Sub-Beat

Dhekiajuli Range Hugrajuli Beat

Batashipur Beat

Singri Sub-Beat


14 KVK,SONITPUR

Charduar Range Bhalukpong Sub-Beat

Gamani Sub-Beat

Central Range Gabharu Beat

Sadar Range Bhomoraguri Sub-Beat

Source : D.F.O., Sonitpur Division, Sonitpur

d) Water Resources :

The major rivers are Brahmaputra, Jiabharali, Gabharu,Borgang & Buroi. Brahmaputra River forms the south boundary of the district. A number of rivers which originate in the Himalayan foothills flow southwards and ultimately fall in Brahmaputra River.

In the Tezpur Sadar sub-division:

Pachnai , Belsiri, Gabharu (and its sub-tributary Sonai-Rupai),Bhorali (and its sub-tributaries Upper Dikorai and Bor Dikorai)

In the Biswanath Chariali sub-division:

Ghiladhari (serving as the sub-divisional boundary),Burhigang,Borgang,Bihali

In the Gohpur sub-division:

Buroi (serving as the sub-divisional boundary),Kharoi,Balijan,Morno

e) Demography:

As per census during 2011, Sonitpur had population of 1,924,110 of which male and female

were 983,904 and 940,206 respectively. In 2001 census, Sonitpur had a population of

1,665,125 of which males were 863,298 and remaining 801,827 were females. Sonitpur

District population constituted 6.17 percent of total Maharashtra population. In 2001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jiabharali&action=edit&redlink=1

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gabharu_river&action=edit&redlink=1

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Borgang_river&action=edit&redlink=1

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buroi&action=edit&redlink=1


15 KVK,SONITPUR

census, this figure for Sonitpur District was at 6.25 percent of Maharashtra population.

There was change of 15.55 percent in the population compared to population as per

2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Sonitpur District recorded increase of 18.11

percent to its population compared to 1991.

Table 3 : Population and literacy figures in Sonitpur (as per 2011 census)

Actual Population 1,924,110

Male 983,904

Female 940,206

Population Growth 15.55%

Area Sq. Km 5,204

Density/km2 370

Proportion to Assam Population 6.17%

Sex Ratio (Per 1000) 956

Child Sex Ratio (0-6 Age) 966

Average Literacy 67.34

Male Literacy 73.65

Female Literacy 60.73

Total Child Population (0-6 Age) 277,862

Male Population (0-6 Age) 141,353

Female Population (0-6 Age) 136,509


16 KVK,SONITPUR

Literates 1,108,572

Male Literates 620,525

Female Literates 488,047

Child Proportion (0-6 Age) 14.44%

Boys Proportion (0-6 Age) 14.37%

Girls Proportion (0-6 Age) 14.52%

f) Culture and education:

Sonitpur, like the rest of the nation, witnessed the amalgamation of different

cultures of different peoples at different times. Along with the natural evolution of the

indigenous Assamese culture, several cultural traits of different subsequent groups which

were assimilated in it added to its lustre and bounty. Tezpur can be described as the

cultural capital of Assam. Every landscape of Tezpur reflects its rich cultural heritage since

time immemorial.

Tezpur was a cradle to three doyens of Assamese Culture:

Rupkonwar Jyotiprasad Agarwala, Kalaguru Bishnu Prasad Rava,and Natasurya

Phani Sarma.

Apart from its rich cultural heritage, the district provides a better environment for

education. The district has 1769 junior basic school/primary schools, 478 senior basic

school/ middle schools, 266 high schools and 44 higher secondary schools, 13 colleges, 1 ITI

, 1 Central University and one medical college for better growth and development of

students.


17 KVK,SONITPUR

g) Health care sector :

The district has 1 mental hospital, 6 hospitals, 23 Primary Health Centre,

11 dispensaries and 294 sub-centres.

h) Banking and allied sectors :

There are many nationalized banks and private sector banks in the district.

Among the nationalized banks are the Central Bank of India, United Bank of India, Bank

of Baroda etc are available in the entire district. The UCO bank is the lead bank of

Sonitpur district and has 85 branhces. The district has 17 commercial banks, 1 rural bank

and 1 cooperative bank.

i) Local bodies and rural development:

Headquarter : Tezpur

Number of Sub-Divisions : 3

Number of Revenue Circles/ Tehsils : 7

Number of Mouza : 26

Number of Community Development(C.D.) Blocks : 14

Number of Police Stations : 11

No. of Anchalik Panchayats : 14

Name of Gaon Panchayats : 158

Number of Villages : 1615 (including 19 under BTAD)

Number of Towns : 5

Names of Towns : Tezpur, Dhekiajuli, Rangapara, Biswanath Chariali, Gohpur

Number of Municipality Board: 2

Number of Town Committees : 3

Number of Police District : 2 (Sonitpur Police District & Biswanth Police District)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BTAD&action=edit&redlink=1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezpur

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhekiajuli

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangapara

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biswanath_Chariali

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gohpur


18 KVK,SONITPUR

Table 4: (a) Name of Sub-Divisions :

Sl No. Name of the Sub-Division Headquater

1 Tezpur (Sadar) Tezpur

2 Biswanath Biswanath Chariali

3 Gohpur Gohpur

Fig 1 (b): Map of tehsils of Sonitpur District

Table 4: (b) Name of Revenue Circles/Tehsils :

Sl No. Name of Revenue Circles

1 Tezpur

2 Dhekiajuli

3 Chariduar

4 Naduar

5 Biswanath Chariali

6 Gohpur

7 Helem


19 KVK,SONITPUR

Table 4: (c) Name of Mouza :

Sl No. Name of Mouza

1 Mahabhairab

2 Bhairabpad

3 Haleswar

4 Bihaguri

5 Naharbari

6 Bargung

7 Borchala

8 Missamari

9 Garoimari

10 Balipara

11 Bahbari

12 Chariduar

13 Nagsankar

14 Murhadal

15 Sootea

16 Chilabandha

17 Barbhogia

18 Baghmara

19 Biswanath

20 Sakomatha

21 Behali

22 Gohpur

23 Kalongpur


20 KVK,SONITPUR

24 Brahmajan

25 Helem

26 Kalongpur

Fig 1 b: Location of Development Blocks

Table 3: (d) Name of Development Block

Sl No. Name of the Blocks

1 Dhekiajuli Development Block

2 Borchala Development Block

3 Gabharu Development Block

4 Bihaguri Development Block

5 Balipara Development Block

6 Rangapara Development Block

7 Naduar Development Block


21 KVK,SONITPUR

8 Sootea Development Block

9 Biswanath Development Block

10 Sokomatha Development Block

11 Behali Development Block

12 Baghmara Development Block

13 Chaiduar Development Block

14 Pub-Chaiduar Dev. Block.

Fig 2. Location of Panchayats of Sonitpur District(Block wise)

Amiyopur

Batasipur

Bamun Pukhuri

Bahbera

Bhotpara

Gorhmara

Garubondha

Chenimari

Maz Rowmari

Keherukhonda

Jia Ghabhoru

New Bhatachipur

Naharbari

Mizibari

Misamari

Thelemara

Sopai Rakhashmari

Panbari

Panchayats

Of

Dhekiajuli Block


22 KVK,SONITPUR

Dakhin Singri

Gupteswar

Dumdooma

Dhalaguri

Natun Pam

Palas basti

Niz Borchala

Natun Sirajuli

Sirajuli

Pirakata

Panchayats

Of

Barchala Block

Borbhagia Belsiri

Bhomoraguri

Panchmile

Mazgaon

Dolabari

Parbatia

Rajgarh

Panchayats

Of

Gabharu Block

Besseria

Ushapur


23 KVK,SONITPUR

Bandarmari

Borgaon

Bihaguri No. 2

Bihaguri No. 1 Pub Bargaon

Puthimari

Panchayats

Of

Bihaguri Block

Bahbari

Panchim Borgaon

Tumuki

Hatibari

Phulbari

Namanigaon

Naharani

Phulguri

Sonajuli

Panchayats

Of

Rangapara Block

Takurbari

Barjuli


24 KVK,SONITPUR

Bindukuri

Bhalukmari

Balipukhuri

Chariduar

Holeswar

Ghoramari

Dekargaon

Niz Goroimari

Mansiri

Lokra

Singritoli

Siloni

Samdhara

Rangajan

Gorhmara

Udmari

Panchayats

Of

Balipara Block

Balipara

Napam

Burigang

Lehugaon Kumalia

Garehagi

Phulguri

Panibhoral

Panchayats

Of

Biswanath Block

Suwaguri

Biswanath Gath


25 KVK,SONITPUR

Dakhin Murhadol

Pachim Murhadol Pachim Borbhagia

Madhya Chillabandha Pub Borbhagia

Pub Murhadol Panchayats

Of

Naduar Block

Uttar Borbhagia Dakhin Chillabandha

Uttar Murhadol Uttar Chillabandha

Pub Nagsankar

Sootea No 1 Sootea No 4

Sootea No 5

Panchayats

Of

Sootea Block

Sootea No 6

Madhya Nagsankar

Uttar Nagsankar Dakhin Nagsankar

Sootea No 3

Sootea No 2


26 KVK,SONITPUR

Bamunipathar

Kuwari Dhuli

Borpathar

Mukhargarh

Pavoi

Panchayats

Of

Sakomatha Block

Selaikhati

Balichang

Batiamari

Gangmouthan

Borgang

Bih Mari

Niz Behali

Rangagarh

Panchayats

Of

Behali Block

Serelia

Baralimara

Telangania


27 KVK,SONITPUR

Ginjia

Mizika Kharasimalu

Jorabari

Monabari

Rotowa

Panchayats

Of

Baghmara Block

Tinisuti

Borjarani

Balijan

Bakori Doloni

Amtola

Gamiri

Karibil

Jalukbari

Helem

Nalinibari

Krishnapur

Kekurijan

Tokowbari

Tetonbari

Satrang

Rangalial

Kalyanpur

Panchayats

Of

Chariduar Block

Amjarani

Missamari


28 KVK,SONITPUR

---------------------------------

Dubia

Dakhin Kalabari

Bortamuli

Ghagra

Lohitmukh

Kalabari

Gopalpur

Pub Kalabari

Pichala Suvansiri

Pachim Kalabari

Uttar Kalabari

Sonapur

Solengiguri

Rawnamukh

Kharoipuria

Panchayats

Of

Pub Chariduar Block

Alupara

Pub Dubia


29 KVK,SONITPUR

Chapter-2

Existing Agriculture scenario of the district

The economy of the Sonitpur District is based on Agriculture. It has its own pace, trend,

tradition and development process. Sonitpur is the trade center for Bomdilla, Tawang, Seppa

and Itanagar of Arunachal Pradesh. Tezpur, Dhekiajuli, Rangapara, Biswanath Chariali and

Gohpur are important trading centers in the district. Approximately 80 percent of the

population depends on agriculture and its allied activities for their livelihood.

a.Crops :

Both Rabi and Kharif cropping is done in the district. Paddy, jute, sugarcane, tea, pulses

and mustard are the major crops and potato, vegetables and fruits like litchi, coconuts, banana,

pineapples, oranges are major fruit crop of the district. Rice is the staple food. The farmers

mainly depend upon cultivation of winter paddy paddy (Sali paddy). Among the cash crops jute

and sugarcane are most important in the district. The three types of rice that are grown :Ahu

(Autumn rice), Sali (Winter), Boro (Summer). Among the oilseed crops mustard and rapeseed

is extensively grown in the district during rabi season. Linseed, sesame and nizer are other

oilseed crops grown by the farmers. Mustard is normally grown in conjunction with Ahu or

riparian Flats. Pulse is grown mainly in alluvial flat lands near the river Brahmaputra.

The following pulses are mainly produced–

Mati-mah, magu-mah, arahar, masur-mah, motor-mah, garo-mah, lesera-mah etc.

The details of land use pattern of the district is given in Table : 4

Table 5 : Land Use pattern of Sonitpur district

Classification of land Area (Ha)

Geographical Area 532400 ha

Forest area 147843 ha


30 KVK,SONITPUR

Barren and uncultivable land 21353 ha

Net sown area 165141 ha

Gross Cropped Area 265397 ha

Area cultivated once 71884 ha

Area cultivated twice or more 100256 ha

Area under Horticultural Crops 40154 ha

Cropping intensity 160 .70%

Cultivable waste land 227 ha

Total fallow land 5833 ha

Area affected due to siltation 514 ha

Cultivable area under Chars 30778 ha

Water logged area 461 ha

Chronically flood prone area 15687 ha

Fig 3: Percent of land area under different categories in Sonitpur district

Source: https://www.google.co.in/search?q=map+of+sonitpur+district


31 KVK,SONITPUR

Fig 4: Cropped area under irrigation of Sonitpur District

*Area in Hect.

Fig 5: Sources of irrigation of Sonitpur District

* Showing the data in numbers


32 KVK,SONITPUR

The soils of the district are classified and furnished below

Table 6: Soil Type of the district

Sl. No

Soil type Characteristics Area in ha

1

Low land with

lower elevation

(LL-LE)

Flat low land in old flood plain, away from

deeply submerged active flood plain, altitude 80-100

m above the mean sea level (MSL) Inceptisols of

medium deep to deep soils with sandy loam, clay

loam and clay textures. Soil reaction is acidic (pH 5.8

to 6.5), impeded drainage. Rice rapeseed, wheat jute

is mainly grown.

24182

2

Medium land with

medium rainfall

(ML- MR)

Flat topography with 1-2% slop, mean altitude

105m above MSL.Inceptisols of medium deep to

deep soils with sandy loam to silty clay texture.Acidic

in reaction (pH 5.0-6.1). Fairly drained rice, rapeseed,

vegetables, pulses, jute are the main crops.

95395

3

Upland with

medium rainfall

(UL-MR)

Flat upland with good drainage, altitude-

108m above MSL.Old alluvium Alfisols, sufficiently

deep. Soils with medium to medium fine texture

(Sandy loam, Silty loam, Silty Clay and Clay) .Acidic to

strongly acidic soils with an average pH 5.0

29835

4

Riverine situation

with lower

elevation (RR-LE)

Riverine tract in the recent flood plain of

Brahmaputra and tributaries, altitude ranges from 34

to 87 m above MSL. Entisols formed as stratified new

alluvium by river silt deposit. Sandy loam to silty loam

with excessive drainage, soil reaction acidic to slightly

alkaline (pH 7.6- 8.4)

10896

5

Deep water

situation with

lower elevation

(DW-LE)

Basic type topography at lower topo-

sequence of the older alluvial flood plain, away from

the recent reverine flooding belt. Also includes

natural swamps and marshes. Altitude 95m above

MSL.Inceptisols and Entisols medium deep to deep

soils with sandy loam, clay loam and clay texture,

acidic (pH 5.4-6.2) soil reaction. Lack of drainage.

4821


33 KVK,SONITPUR

Table 7: Area, production and productivity of major crops of Sonitpur district

Sl. No Crop Area (ha) Production (MT) Productivity (Kg/Ha)

1.

Paddy

Summer 22500 113895 5062

Winter 124523 379546 3048

Autumn 12488 34879 2793

2. Sugarcane 2623 9302 37210

3. Potato 8862 71037 8016

4. Maize 1260 6640 5270

5. Wheat 205 250 1220

6. Black gram 4875 3510 720

7. Green Gram 2068 1514 732

8. Jute 2432 19456 1530

9. Rapeseed & Mustard 19643 12375 630

10. Banana 4371 78612 17985

11. Orange 342 4030 11785

12. Guava 170 3549 20880

13. Litchi 673 9610 14280

14. Coconut 1602 20970 107

15. Pineapple 771 13609 17652

16. Arecanut 5235 6598 177

17.

Vegetables

Kharif 3828 66894 17475

Rabi 12198 226602 18577

18. Assam Lemon 257 2003 7795

19. Potato 8440 102782 12178

20. Onion 523 2492 4765

21. Turmeric 1073 1041 970

22. Chillies 1087 636 585

b. Livestock

The livestock sector plays a vital role in the employment generation in the district. It provides a big

source of income to the people for their livelihood. The rural masses of the district are actively engaged

in livestock rearing for their daily needs. Piggery, goatery and poultry are the main livestocks in the

district.

The details of the livestock in the district are furnished in table 8.


34 KVK,SONITPUR

Table 8 : Livestock production in the district

Total livestock and poultry population in Sonitpur district:

a) Total livestock: 16,50,571 nos

b) Total poultry: 15,93,918 no

Category Population

Cattle : 942292 nos

a) Crossbred 34963 nos

b) Indigenous 907329 nos

Buffalo : 36106 nos

Sheep : 13449 nos

a) Exotic/ Crossbred 458 nos


Goats : 501799 nos

Pigs : 156574 nos

a) Exotic/ Crossbred 31835 nos


Total Poultry birds: 1580118 nos

Ducks : 326340 nos

a) Desi 316434 nos

b) Improved 9906 nos

Turkeys : 300 nos

Horses & ponies 263 nos

Donkeys 76 nos

Camel 12 nos

Dogs 37140 nos

Rabbit 323 nos

Elephant 13 nos

Horses & ponies 263 nos


35 KVK,SONITPUR

c.Fisheries Sonitpur district has numbers of rivers, swamps, ponds and other natural water bodies. As a

whole in Sonitpur district there are 206 numbers of fresh water wetland covering an area of 3651.00 ha.

People here are fond of fishes and they catch fishes for their food. Basically fishing here is a tradition

rather than commerce, as 90 % fish products are imported. In the district fishery is quite popular

commercial activity but it is also not developed to the desired level. River Brahmaputra and about

1000 no.of ponds provide huge scope of fish production.

---------------------------------------------------


36 KVK,SONITPUR

Chapter - 3

Constraints in Agricultural Production Climate is one of the major constraints in agricultural production. Due to the changes in climate,

there is non-availability of water for drinking and irrigation purposes. The uneven distribution of rainfall,

occurrence of flood and dry spells, lack of infrastructure ,very poor economic status of the farmer are

some factors for the low agricultural productivity. Apart from this, lack of knowledge regarding the

scientific management practices leads to poor yield of agricultural production.

a. Crops

i) The use of excessive inorganic fertilizers has made the soil lost its natural fertility.

ii) Neglecting the concept of mixed and multiple cropping systems by the farmers.

iii) Lack of knowledge on water management practices and methods of scientific cultivation of crops.

iv) Pests and diseases are also another constraint in the production.

v) Low knowledge on water harvesting technologies.

vi) Lack of proper marketing channels.

Crop-wise major production constraints are given in Table 8.

Table 9 : Factors affecting productivity of major crops of Sonitpur district

Sl No.

Crop Constraints

1 Paddy

Insufficient and imbalanced nutrition, use of low yielding local varieties, attack of stem borer,brown plant hopper, rice bug.

2 Banana Use of low yielding local varieties , diseases like rhizome rot ,bunchy top, sigatoka, panama wilt and pests like mealybug, rhizome weevil and pseudostem weevil

3 Vegetables Use of low yielding local varieties, pest and disease problems, lack of post harvest management techniques.


37 KVK,SONITPUR

b. Livestock

i) High cost of animal feeds and non availability of good quality fodders.

ii) Lack of knowledge of the farmers on scientific methods of rearing of cattle and

calves.

iii) Non availability of improved breeds of cattle at cheaper rates.

iv) Non availability of improved breeds of chicks.

c. Fisheries

i) Lack of knowledge on the cultivation of inland fish.

ii) Non availability of good quality fingerlings.

iii) Insecure of cultivation of fish in public ponds.

iv) Pollution of ponds is another constraint.

v) Lack of proper marketing channels.

---------------------------------------------


38 KVK,SONITPUR

Chapter - 4

Institutional Support for Agricultural development in the district Several institutions in the district plays a vital role for the development of agriculture. State

government departments, government undertaking and many NGOs have significant

contribution towards the overall agricultural development of the district.

a.Crops

1.Department of Agriculture,Sonitpur

The State Department of Agriculture plays a major role to cater the needs of the farming

community. The department has following offices in the district:

a) District Agricultural Office

This District Agricultural Office supervises and monitors the different activities

for the better agricultural development in the district. The Head of the office is

the District Agricultural Officer. Being the head, the District Agricultural Officer

exercises all the technical and administrative powers. He organises and impart

trainings along with the Assistant Director of Agriculture, Sub Divisional

Agriculture Officers, Agricultural Development Officers and VLEWs. He is overall

responsible for the high yielding varieties programme.

Address for communication

The District Agricultural Officer

Opp. DC Office

Sonitpur, Tezpur.


39 KVK,SONITPUR

2.Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Sonitpur

The Krishi Vigyan Kendra of Sonitpur District was started in 1981, under the

administrative control of Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Jorhat. The Kendra is situated

at Napam about 10 km away from the district headquarters, Tezpur.

a.Mandates

i. To conduct On Farm Testing trials for identifying technologies in terms of

location specific sustainable land use systems.

ii. To organise Front Line Demonstrations on various crops to generate

production data and feedback information in farmers’ fields.

iii. To organise trainings to update the extension personnel with emerging

advances in agricultural research on regular basis.

iv. To organise short and long term vocational training programmes in

agriculture and allied fields for the farmers and rural youth with emphasis

on learning by doing for higher farm production and generating self

employment opportunities to the youth.

v. To act as Knowledge Resource centre of the district.

vi. To provide quality planting materials and livestock strain in the district.

b) Programmes i. Training programmes

The KVK organises regular training programmes of various duration in agriculture

and allied fields for farmers, farm women and rural youth.

The major topics of the training programmes conducted at KVK are as follows:


40 KVK,SONITPUR

Discipline : Horticulture

Sl No. Topic

1 Propagation techniques in horticultural crops.

2 Protected cultivation (Green House, Shed Net).

3 Nursery raising

4 Organic vegetable cultivation.

5 Assam lemon cultivation.

6 Commercial floriculture.

7 Cultivation of pineapple, banana.

8 Cultivation of ginger and turmeric.

9 Food processing and value addition.

Discipline : Agronomy

Sl No Topic

1 Improved production technology of rice(Sali Rice/Boro rice/Ahu rice).

2 Production technology of jute as fibre crops.

3 Paddy cultivation in flood affected areas.

4 Production technology of toria.

5 Rain water harvesting.

6 Production and value addition of aromatic and glutinous rice.

7 System of rice intensification.

Discipline : Plant protection

Sl No Topic

1 Production of bio control agents and bio pesticides

2 Biological control of crop diseases.

3 Integrated pest and disease management of rice/field crops

4 Mushroom production.


41 KVK,SONITPUR

5 Pest and disease management in organic farming

6 Integrated pest and disease management in vegetables, oilseed and spices.

Discipline : Animal Husbandry

Sl No Topic

1 Scientific management practices for successful goat farming.

2 Piggery Management.

3 Cultivation practice for improved fodder crops.

4 Backyard poultry rearing.

5 Diseases of cattle and their control measures.

6 Feeding management of milch cows.

7 Livestock based Integrated Farming System.

8 Improved practices for livestock feeding.

Discipline : Soil Science

Sl No Topic

1 Acid soil management

2 Use of biofertilizers in crops

3 Nutrient management in organic farming

4 Soil Solaraization

5 Cultivation of summer oilseeds and pulses & soil fertility management

6 Nutrient management in Rabi Oilseeds and pulses

7 Different methods of composting

8 Soil pollution and its management

9 Green manuring -Production and use of organic inputs

10 Market potential of agro textile products.

ii. Front Line Demonstration

The Kendra organizes Front Line Demonstrations on newly released technologies in

horticultural, field crops, plant protection,animal sciences and home science. These

demonstrations are done under farmers’ field conditions to generate production data.


42 KVK,SONITPUR

iii. On Farm Testing

The Kendra also organise On Farm Testing programmes. On Farm Testing deals in

testing the new technologies developed at research centres in the fields of horticultural, crops,

plant protection, animal sciences and home science to ensure their suitability and sustainability

to specific locations and to suggest or modify or refine the technology in real farm situations

with the active participation of the farmers.

iv. Farm Advisory Services

The Kendra encourages the farmers in remote and distant locations to use

communication media to contact the centre to solve their immediate field problems.

vi. Farmers Study Tours

The Kendra organizes study tours for farmers to various agriculture and fields of

progressive farmers for ‘seeing and studying’.

vii. Farmer's visit to the Kendra

Farmers are encouraged to visit the Kendra personally for discussing and solving their

specific field problems and to get hands-on knowledge on the latest technologies available in

agriculture and allied fields.

viii. Exhibitions, Kisan Melas, Camps, etc.

The Krishi Vigyan Kendra regularly participates in various exhibitions, Kisan melas

organized by local and statutory bodies, depicting its various activities and providing on the

spot consultancies to the visitors. The Kendra’s stalls have bagged many awards. Farmers and

others visit the pavilions of the KVK and avail the facilities offered there.


43 KVK,SONITPUR

ix. Production and supply of planting materials, breeds of animals and other technological

inputs

The Kendra also produces and supplies various seeds and planting materials of rice,

spices, fruits and ornamentals. Improved breeds of poultry, goats, etc are also supplied to the

farmers.

x. Soil and Water testing:

The KVK has a soil and water testing laboratory to render services to the farmers

relating to the soil testing. During 2015-16, the KVK analysed 300 soil samples and distributed

253 soil health cards among the farmers.

xi. Other extension activities

The Kendra also organizes the following programmes:

a) Field days

b) Farmers day

c) Film shows

d) Celebration of important days

e) Publication of popular articles and newspaper publicity

f) Veterinary activities

g) Radio talks and television show

h) Mobile Advisory services


Programme Coordinator

Krishi Vigyan Kendra

Napam, Sonitpur -,Assam.

Phone: 03712-267089

e-mail: [email protected]



44 KVK,SONITPUR

3. Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA)

Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) is a registered society of key

stakeholders involved in agricultural activities for sustainable agricultural development in the

district. It aims at integrating research and extension activities and decentralizing day-to-day

management of the public Agricultural Technology System (ATS). ATMA is constituted by

drawing members from all research and extension units within the district such as Zonal

Research Stations or sub-stations, Krishi Vigyan Kendras and the key line Departments of

Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Fisheries, Sericulture, Agro industries, etc. The State

Agriculture Management Extension and Training Institute (SAMETI) is the agency formed at

the state level to provide human resources development support for the effective functioning

of the ATMA at district level. The Sonitpur District ATMA office is located in the office of the

District Agricultural Officer and the Deputy Commissioner is the chairman.

Objectives:

1. To strengthen research-extension-farmer linkages.

2. To provide an effective mechanism for co-ordination and management of activities of

different agencies involved in technology adaption/validation and dissemination at the district

level and below.

3. To increase the quality and type of technologies being disseminated.

4. To develop new partnerships with the private institutions including NGOs.

5. To coordinate efforts being made by various line departments, NGOs, farmer's organizations

and allied institutions to strengthen research extension-farmers linkages in the district and to

promote collaboration and coordination between various State funded technical departments.

6. To facilitate the empowerment of farmers/producers through assistance for mobilization,

organization into associations, cooperatives etc.

7. To facilitate market interventions for value addition to farm produce.


45 KVK,SONITPUR

4.North Eastern Regional Institute of Water and Land Management

(NERIWALM)

The North Eastern Regional Institute of Water and Land Management

(NERIWALM) is a registered society established on 23rd December, 1989 at Tezpur, Assam, India

under the aegis of North Eastern Council (NEC), Shillong, Ministry of Development of North

Eastern Region (DoNER), Government of India.

The main objectives of NERIWALM are:

a) With a view of promoting of advancement of science and acquisition of

scientific knowledge to provide instruction and training in all the branches of

science, both theoretical and applied and in Water and Land Management

for Irrigation and Agriculture.

b) To establish an institute for imparting instructions and training to farmers,

members of Water Users’ Association and conducting research in Water and

Land Management for Irrigation and Agriculture.

c) To prescribe courses for instruction and training in Water and Land

Management for Irrigation and Agriculture and hold examinations and grant

certificates, diplomas etc.

d) To provide consultancy service to the Government, Local bodies and other

organization in Water and Land Management for Irrigation and Agriculture.

e) To organize outreach activities like training and capacity building of farmers

or members and functionaries of Water Users’ Association with a view to

enhancing their technological and managerial capabilities and ensuring their

active and effective participation in the development and management of

water distribution network in their jurisdication.

f) To set up field centres at key locations to facilitate better coordination with

the North Eastern States and to support the outreach activities relating to

land and water management.


46 KVK,SONITPUR

g) To send within the country and abroad for specialized training in Water and

land Management for Irrigation and Agriculture, persons including members

of staff of the said Institute and bear and pay the costs of such training.

h) To network with NGOs/Private partmers/ with a view of carrying out

outreach activities relating to land and water management


The Director

NERIWALM, Dolabari

Tezpur,Assam

4. Biswanath College of Agriculture (BNCA)

The Biswanath College of Agriculture (BNCA) is an institution of higher education in

Agricultural sciences. The college is located at Biswanath Chariali in Sonitpur district of Assam.

BN College of Agriculture is affiliated to Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam.

The college participates in technical advice and support for organizing various

programmes related to agriculture.


BN College of Agriculture

Biswanath Chariali, Sonitpur, Assam

PIN -784176

Phone: 03715-223428, 03715-222130

6. Lead Bank

The Lead Bank Scheme provides leadership in initiating, streamlining and accelerating the

process of development of the respective district by enlisting the co-operation of other banks

and by maintaining continuous liaison with Government and quasi Government agencies. The

UCO bank functions as the lead bank in the district.

http://www.assams.info/


47 KVK,SONITPUR


Mercantile Building, Main Road, Sonitpur dist, Tezpur, Assam 784001

7. Other banking institutions

All nationalised banks and other financial sectors in the district have special schemes for the

promotion of agriculture and allied fields in the district.

8. Farmers clubs and voluntary organizations

There are several voluntary organizations and farmers groups very active in the district with the

aim of overall development of the farming community.

b. Livestock

1. District Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department

District Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department is one of the major departments with a

mandate to augment animal origin protein production in order to meet the challenge of protein

hunger faced globally. The Sonitpur Dist A.H. & Vety. Dept. is headed by the Dist. A.H. & Vety.

Officer with its HQ at Tezpur, Hatipilkhana. He is assisted by two Sub Divisional A.H. & Vety.

Officers, one at Tezpur and the other at Biswanath Chariali. Moreover, to look after different

projects like Artificial Insemination, fodder, Rural Dairy Extension etc. there is Officer In Charge,

ICDP at Mission Chariali, Tezpur. The Dept. has its glorious past history supporting the poor

livestock owners in different fields. Along with treatment, vaccination, extension works,

management of livestock etc. the Dept. also renders socio-economic assistance to the educated

unemployed youths in pursuing their livelihood thus strengthening the National and state

economy. The Dist. has a total of 54 no of officers at different capacities. At present, the district

has 101 numbers of Major offices for livestock development as follows-


48 KVK,SONITPUR

Table 10: Major offices for livestock development in Sonitpur District

Sl No. Name of the office Numbers

1 District Veterinary hospital 2

2 Veterinary Dispensaries 17

3 Veterinary sub centre 65

4 Block Veterinary Dispensaries 7

5 Key village centre 4

6 RAIC 3

7 R.P. Check post 1

8 BCPP Check post 2

Total 101


Office of The District A.H. & Veterinary Officer

N.T. Road, Hatipilkhana.Sonitpur

Tezpur. PIN-784001.Assam

2. Department of Dairy Development

The Dairy Development Department organises several programmes to enhance milk production

in the district. The department extends assistance to sustain and develop this primary

organization. The department offers assistance in developing infrastructure of the societies and

in purchasing modern milk testing equipment, milk cans, chemicals for milk testing and

sanitation,milk cooler,freezer, buildings for milk collection and office room etc.

c. Fisheries

1. Department of Fisheries

The Department of Fisheries is an important productive sector of the Government of Assam.

The State Fisheries Department has a mandate to increase fish and quality fish seed production,


49 KVK,SONITPUR

identify and promote research and studies on fisheries and allied areas, promote scientific fish

farming, provide extension services to fish farmers, fisherman and fishery entrepreneurs with a

vision to achieve self sufficiency in fish production through sustainable fisheries management

practices. The department implements all the development and management programmes

envisaged by the Government in the fisheries sector.


The District Fishery Officer

Hajarapar, Tezpur

Sonitpur.

--------------------------------------------


50 KVK,SONITPUR

Chapter – 5

Research and Development Organization relevant to district agriculture Several research and development organizations are engaged in the agricultural field with their

head quarters/offices located in and outside the district. Their primary objective is to carry out

research and developmental activities in crops relevant to the district. This helps all the farming

communities. Farmers can adopt and avail the technologies and schemes developed by

institutes under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research and State Agricultural Universities.

Crops

i. Regional Agricultural Research Station, North Lakhimpur

The RARS, Lakhimpur is one of the six regional stations of Assam Agricultural

University(AAU). It was established in the year 1980 for agricultural development

of North Bank Plains Zone comprising Darrang, Sonitpur, Lakhimpur and Dhemaji

district of Assam. The station is located on the Boisa-Garumuria Grazing Reserve

of Lakhimpur district at an altitude of 102m msl and 27019’N latitude and

94007’E longitude.

Objectives :

To generate technology through interdisciplinary research and to disseminate.

To increase the productivity of deep water rice(dwr) and other classes of rice and

sustainability by undertaking applied, basic, location specific and need based research of

rice ecosystem.

Improvement in the productivity of pulses, oilseed, jute and vegetables.

Improvement of soil health

Formation of suitable cropping system and efficient use of resources.


51 KVK,SONITPUR

Areas of Activities: The main mandate of the station are :

To formulate and conduct need based location specific and problem oriented research

on all major crops including rice.

To produce quality seeds of rice.

To collect, conserve, evaluate and utilize the plant genetic resources of the Zone for

improvement of crops and

To transfer technologies generated by AAU to farmers field.

ii. Horticultural Research Station (HRS),Kahikuchi

Horticultural Research Station (HRS) was established under Assam Agricultural University at

Kahikuchi, Guwahati for conducting basic and applied research on various horticultural crops.

Mandates

1. To undertake basic, strategic and applied research for generating technologies to

enhance productivity and utilization potential of horticultural crops.

2. To undertake transfer of technology on horticultural crops through consultancy,

outreach programmes and linkage with developmental agencies.

iii. Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Jorhat

The Assam Agricultural University is the primary and the principal authority of Assam state in

providing human resources, skills and technology, required for the sustainable development of

its agriculture, defined broadly encompassing all production activities based on land and

water, including crop production (agriculture), animal husbandry, forestry and fisheries through

conducting, interfacing and integrating education, research and extension in these spheres of

economic endeavour. It was established in 1969 under the Assam Agricultural University Act

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assam


52 KVK,SONITPUR

1968 January 2, 1969. The headquarter of the university is located at Borbheta, Jorhat in Jorhat

District.


The Director of Extension Education

Assam Agricultural University

Jorhat,Assam, India

Mobile : 0376-2340029

iv. Sugarcane Research Station, Buralikson, Dergaon

It is a commodity research station under AAU, Jorhat and was established at Dergaon near

Baruah Bamungaon. This station provide all the information regarding sugarcane cultivation to

the farming community of the North Eastern Station.

Address for Communication

Chief Scientist

Sugarcane Research Station


Buralikson-785618

Contact No. 09435246414

v. Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur

Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Tezpur had its humble beginning as "Field Laboratory", a

small research cell of the then DRL(M), Kanpur on 21 November, just after the irksome Chinese

aggression in October 1962. The initial charter of the laboratory was to provide

storage/outdoor exposure trials for developed products under the prevailing hot and humid

climate of North-eastern India. On subsequent development, the laboratory gained momentum

with independent research & development assignments for the benefit of troops deployed in


53 KVK,SONITPUR

this strategically important region. In October 1980, it became a full-fledged R&D laboratory

and was renamed as Defence Research Laboratory.

Vision:

Be a leader in developing technologies for human health, environment and agriculture for

North East Region.

Mission:

Develop technologies unique to local environment in the field of health and hygiene and

judicious utilization of local resources for the benefit of the region.

Address for Communication

The Director

Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO)

Defence Research Laboratory (DRL)

Post Bag No.2,

Tezpur (Assam) - 784 001

Tel: 03712-258508, 258836

Fax: 03712-258534

E-mail : [email protected]

vi. Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority

(APEDA), New Delhi

APEDA is an autonomous organization attached to the Ministry of Commerce of the

Government of India. The main function of Authority is to build links between Indian producers

and the global markets. APEDA undertakes the briefing of potential sources on government

policy and producers, along with providing referred services and suggesting suitable partners

for joint ventures besides arranging buyer-seller meets.



54 KVK,SONITPUR

Functions

1. Development of industries relating to the scheduled products for export by way of providing

financial assistance or otherwise for undertaking surveys and feasibility studies, participation in

enquiry capital through joint ventures and other reliefs and subsidy schemes.

2.Registration of persons as exporters of the scheduled products on payment of prescribed

fees.

3. Fixing of standards and specifications for the scheduled products for the purpose of exports.

4. Carrying out inspection of meat and meat products in slaughter houses, processing

plants, storage premises, conveyances or other places where such products are kept or

handled for the purpose of ensuring the quality of such products.

5.Improving of packaging of the scheduled products.

6.Improving of marketing of the scheduled products outside India.

7. Promotion of export oriented production and development of the Scheduled products.

8.Collection of statistics from the owners of factories or establishments engaged in the

production, processing, packaging, marketing or export of the scheduled products or from such

other persons as may be prescribed on any matter relating to the scheduled products and

publication of the statistics so collected or of any portions thereof or extracts there from.

9. Training in various aspects of the industries connected with the scheduled products.


Assistant General Manager

Agricultural and Processed Food

Products Export Development Authority

3rd Floor G.S. Road, Opp. Old Post Office Jain Complex, Guwahati-781005

Tel/Fax:- +91- 0361-2599010

Moblie: 98640-28908

Residence:- +91- 0361-2633390

Email- [email protected]

Website: www.apeda.com





55 KVK,SONITPUR

vii. National Seeds Corporation,New Delhi

NSC was the first public sector seed production organization, established in 1963, and remained

virtually the only agency for around 13 years. Its role extended to several developmental

programmes including training, quality control and extension activities in seeds. It undertakes

production, processing and marketing of agricultural seeds. Its product range includes cereals,

pulses, oilseed, fodder, fibre and vegetable crops. It also maintains a consultancy wing to

render services in all the facets of seed development.

Services

1.Seed production.

2.Certification.

3. Seed quality control.

4. Seed processing, handling and packaging.

5.Seed marketing.

6.Information communication and public relations.

7. Sales promotion and advertising for seeds.

8.Project formulation and project management.

9.Training in all aspects of seed science.


Area Manager

National Seeds Corpn Ltd. Six Mile, Punjabari Road

Guwahati-781037 (Assam)

Phone :0361-2332896

FAX : 0361-2332552


Website: www.indiaseeds.com


http://www.indiaseeds.com/


56 KVK,SONITPUR

viii. Small Farmers Agri-Business Consortium, New Delhi

The Consortium has been set up to catalyse agro-industrial growth and assist in undertaking

employment generation programmes and promote the growth and diversification of

agriculture and agro-based industries by organising technology transfer through training and

extension, by sponsoring specific research projects and technology demonstration.


Assam Small Farmers' Agri-Business Consortium

Agriculture Campus, Khanapara

Guwahati, Assam,Pin -781022

Tel. + 091 (0361) 2333560

Email : [email protected]@yahoo.

ix. State Horticulture Mission,Assam

The State Horticulture Mission,Assam is a registered society set up to implement the National

Horticulture Mission programme, a centrally sponsored scheme. This scheme envisages an end

to end development of the horticulture sector covering production, post harvest management,

processing and marketing.

Objectives 1. To provide holistic growth of the horticulture sector through an area based regionally

differentiated strategies which include research,technology promotion, extension, post

harvest management, processing and marketing.

2. To enhance horticulture production, improve nutritional security and income support to

farm households.

3. To establish convergence and synergy among multiple on-going and planned programmes

for horticulture development.

4. To promote, develop and disseminate technologies, through a seamless blend of


57 KVK,SONITPUR

traditional wisdom and modern scientific knowledge.

5. To create opportunities for employment generation for skilled and unskilled persons,

especially unemployed youth.

Address for communication (Director (Hort.) & FP, Government of Assam,

Krishi Bhawan, Khanapara,

Dispur, Guwahati-781022 ,Assam

Tel : 0361-2334115,0361-2332796 (fax)

Email: directorhortassam@ yahoo.co.in

x. North Eastern Development Finance Corporation Ltd (NEDFi)

NEDFi is a Public Limited Company registered under the Companies Act 1956 on 9th August,

1995. It is notified as a Public Financial Institution under Section 4A of the said Act and was

registered as an NBFC in 2002 with RBI. The shareholders of the Corporation are IDBI, SBI, LICI,

SIDBI, ICICI, IFCI, SUUTI, GIC and its subsidiaries. The management of NEDFi has been entrusted

upon the Board of Directors comprising representatives from shareholder institutions, DoNER,

State Governments and eminent persons from the NE Region and outside having wide

experience in industry, economics, finance and management.

NEDFi provides financial assistance to micro, small, medium and large enterprises for

setting up industrial, infrastructure and agri-allied projects in the North Eastern Region of India

and also Microfinance through MFI/NGOs.


North Eastern Development Finance Corporation Ltd

NEDFi House

G.S.Road,Dispur,Guwahati,Assam

PIN-781006


58 KVK,SONITPUR

Ph :+91-361-222-2200

Fax :+91-361-223-7733/7734

Mail : [email protected]

b. Livestock 1. College of Veterinary Science,AAU Khanapara

The university was established with the following objectives:

1. Provide quality education, research, extension and management in veterinary sciences

incorporating the latest technological advancements in bio technology and information

technology in livestock enterprises.

2. Start courses in wildlife management, short term diploma courses for farmers, educated

unemployed youth and prospective entrepreneurs.

3. Offer consultancy services, help preparation of projects, develop new business models and

expand public participation in the management of government and other farms.

4. The University is intended to play a pivotal role to coordinate various agencies, departments,

units and institutions engaged in animal husbandry and related areas.


Director of Research(Vety)


Khanapara, Guwahati-781022

Phone :0361-2364941

2.Goat Research Station, Burnihat, Kamrup(M), Assam

Goat Research Station under The Directorate of Research (Vety) of Assam Agricultural

University located at Burnihat, 25 km from Guwahati, Assam transforms living standards of

people with goat farming. Due to its good economic prospects, goat rearing under intensive



59 KVK,SONITPUR

and semi-intensive system for commercial production has been gaining momentum for the past

couple of years. High demand for goat and its products with potential of good economic returns

have been deriving many progressive farmers, businessmen, professionals, ex-servicemen and

educated youths to take up the goat enterprise on a commercial scale. The emerging

favourable market conditions and easy accessibility to improved goat technologies are also

catching the attention of entrepreneurs. A number of commercial goat farms have been

established in different regions of the country.

Objectives :

To enhance and sustain goat productivity in respect of meat, milk and fibre through

Research, Extension and HRD support.

To undertake basic and applied research in all disciplines of goat production and

product utilization, to impart trainings, to transfer technologies and provide consultancy

services for improving quantity and quality of meat, milk and fibre production from goat

and to develop goat products processing technologies.


Chief Scientist,

Goat Research Station,

Assam Agricultural University,

Burnihat, Kamrup (M), Assam – 793101

Email – [email protected]

3. Livestock Research Station, Mandira, Kamrup,Assam

Livestock Research Station is entrusted the responsibility of establishing a crossbred dairy herd

which can thrive and produce good amount of milk. Research has also been taken up to study

various aspects of management, production, reproduction, nutrition, adaptation and economics

of milk and animal production.

Objectives:

To study different management problems of crossbred animals.


60 KVK,SONITPUR

To provide reliable basic data necessary for planning large scale cattle development

programme.

To develop package of practices for management, health, nutrition & reproduction of

cattle.


Livestock Research Station

Mandira, Kamrup,Assam

4. College of Veterinary Science,AAU, North Lakhimpur

Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science was established in 1988.Lakhimpur College of

Veterinary Science is an institution of higher education in Veterinary sciences. The college is

located at North Lakhimpur in Lakhimpur district of Assam. Lakhimpur College of Veterinary

Science is affiliated to Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam.


Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science

Azad, North Lakhimpur, Lakhimpur, Assam

PIN – 787001

c. Fisheries 1. Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore

The Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute(CIFRI) is the oldest premiem research institute in

the field of inland fisheries research and training in India.The main objectives of the institute

were to conduct investigations for a proper appraisal of inland fisheries resources of the

country and to evolve suitable methods for their conservation and optimum utilization.

http://www.assams.info/topic/lakhimpur/

http://www.assams.info/


61 KVK,SONITPUR

Address for communication The Officer-in-Charge

NER centre of CIFRI

Housefed Complex,Dispur,Guwahati-781006

Phone : 0361-2224893/2228486

2. National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB)

NFDB under ministry of agriculture, government of India provides assistance for intensive

aquaculture in ponds and tanks, fisheries development in reservoirs, coastal aquaculture,

seaweed cultivation, infrastructure development for fish harbours and landing centres, fish

dressing centres and solar drying of fish, strengthening of domestic markets and promotion of

deep sea fishing.

Address for Communication: National Fisheries Development Board

Maitri Bhavan

Huda Commercial Complex, Ameerpet

Hyderabad-500 038, Andhra Pradesh

Phone: 040-23737256/23731128

Fax: 040-23737208

e-mail: [email protected]

Website: www.nfdb.ap.nic.in

---------------------------------------------

http://www.nfdb.ap.nic.in/


62 KVK,SONITPUR

Chapter- 6

Plans and schemes for promotion of Agriculture There are several organizations which takes the initiative for promotion of agriculture through

development and implementations of specific plans and schemes.

Some important plans and schemes of various institutions are briefly described below.

a. Crops

1. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) Plans

a. Village Adoption and Development Plan

The basic aim of this plan is to develop the backward villages. The plan is to develop the

infrastructure facilities of the village and in other fields such as education, health, drinking

water, power, roads, credit, information and market.

b. Pilot Project for Integrated Development of Backward Blocks (PPID)

The objective of the PPID is comprehensive development of the selected backward blocks in an

integrated manner which would include economic development, infrastructure development

and other aspects of human development i.e., education, health, drinking water supply, etc.

through the collective involvement of all agencies working at grass root level viz. Local

panchayats, banks, NGOs, people’s organisations and other development agencies. The

schemes and activities include:

1. Watershed development.

2. Non-Farm Sector programmes.

3. Micro finance.

4. Farmers' groups under Self Help Groups.

5. Infrastructure development under Rural Infrastructure Development Fund.

6. Capacity building of banks, government departments, NGOs and community based

organizations.


63 KVK,SONITPUR

7.Coordination with Government Departments for social development, i.e. education, health,

women and child development, etc.

8. Implementation of development programmes of the State Government, contribute to the

project.

c. Bamboo Farming NABARD has accorded special status for development of bamboo farming in consonance with

the action plan prepared by National Mission on Bamboo Technology and Trade Development

for upgrading the bamboo economy. NABARD aims at developing bamboo farming, processing

and marketing as a mainstream activity by changing ‘forestry mindset’ into ‘farm mindset’.

d. Promotion of Medicinal and Aromatic Crops (MACs) Promotion of cultivation of medicinal, aromatic and herbal crops has been accorded special

status by NABARD in accordance with the policy of Government of India. NABARD has initiated

measures to promote the cultivation of medicinal and aromatic crops (MACs).

e. Bio-Fuels To promote the production of the eco-friendly, renewable energy crops, NABARD encourages

Jatropha cultivation, on wastelands in forest and non forest areas, through institutional credit.

The scheme envisages bringing one lakh ha wasteland annually under Jatropha plantation.

f. Micro Credit Innovations -Kisan Credit Card NABARD formulated a Model Kisan Credit Card Scheme in consultation with major banks. As a

pioneering credit delivery innovation, Kisan Credit Card Scheme aims at provision of adequate

and timely support from the banking system to the farmers for their cultivation needs including

purchase of inputs in a flexible and cost effective manner. Beneficiaries covered under the

scheme are issued with a credit card and a pass book or a credit card cum pass book

incorporating the name, address, particulars of land holding, borrowing limit, validity period, a


64 KVK,SONITPUR

passport size photograph of holder etc which may serve both as an identity card and facilitate

recording of transactions on an ongoing basis.

g. Crop Insurance NABARD also financed the formation of the Agriculture Insurance Company of India Ltd. (AICI)

for providing economic security to the farming community by securing them against crop

losses due to reasons beyond their control.

h. Swaranjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) Government of India introduced the Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) in 1999 by

restructuring various Self-employment programmes viz. IRDP, TRYSEM, SITRA, DWCRA etc. It

envisages formation of SHGs by 'Swarozgaries' and financing them by bank in different stages.

It is a holistic scheme covering all aspects of self-employment such as organisation of the poor

into Self Help Groups, training, credit, technology, infrastructure and marketing. The scheme is

funded by the Centre and the States in the ratio of 75:25 and is being implemented by

Commercial Banks, Regional Rural Banks and Co-operative Banks. DRDAs, NGOs, Technical

Institutions etc. in the district are involved in the process of planning, implementation and

monitoring of the scheme.

i. Financing Purchase of Land for Agricultural Purposes The agricultural policy of the Government of India envisages substantial credit flow to increase

agricultural production and productivity. Banks provide term finance to farmers for

development purposes and short term loans for production purposes. There is also a need to

finance farmers for purchasing land to expand activities and make existing small and marginal

units economically viable. This would enable farmers to diversify their present activities and

take up allied activities.


65 KVK,SONITPUR

j. Scheme for setting up of Agri-clinic and Agribusiness centres With the diversification and modernisation of agricultural practices, there is a need to augment

support and extension services for agriculture. For this purpose, a scheme for setting up agri-

clinics and agribusiness centres by agriculture graduates has been launched by Government of

India with the support of NABARD. These centres will provide a package of input facilities,

consultancy and other services. They will strengthen transfer of technology and extension

services and also provide self employment opportunities to technically trained persons.

k.Self Employment Scheme For Ex-servicemen (SEMFEX) The scheme is in operation since 15 January 1988. It has been specially designed to provide a

comprehensive package of credit for encouraging ex-servicemen, disabled service personnel,

war widows and widows of exservicemen to undertake agricultural and allied activities or to

set up non-farm units in rural areas to earn their livelihood for leading a dignified life.

SEMFEX has two sub-schemes as under: i. Farm Sector Loans under this sector cover development of agriculture and allied activities such as minor

irrigation, farm mechanisation including power tillers, nurseries, dairies, poultry, fisheries,

plantation, horticulture, forestry, wasteland development etc.

ii. Non-Farm Sector This includes financial assistance for setting up in rural areas, units of tiny, cottage, village or

small scale industries relating to a wide spectrum of approved industrial and service activities.

With a view to increasing production and productivity in agriculture, NABARD also considers

sanction of high-tech / innovative schemes which involve use and adoption of modern

methods of science and technology.


66 KVK,SONITPUR

l. Scheme for "Capacity Building for Adoption of Technology (CAT)" Technological upgradation and innovation have been the hall mark of Indian agriculture.

NABARD has been in the forefront in facilitating and adoption of new technology by

farmers/entrepreneurs through various institutions/ agencies like banks, corporates, NGOs,

SHG and Farmers' Clubs. With a view to widen the horizon of new agro-technology, it was felt

that traditional farmers may be motivated to adopt new technology by exposing them to

innovative projects being implemented by various agencies in different parts of the country.

Accordingly, it has been decided that NABARD would extend 100% support towards the cost of

such exposure visit of the farmers to enable them to adopt new technology.

Address for communication General Manager

P.O.Box No 1,Opposite Assam Secretariat

G.S.Road,Dispur,

Guwahati-781001,Assam

Phone : 0361-2238006

Email : [email protected]

Website: www.nabard.org

2.Rubber Board There is a well structured field establishment set up under the Rubber Production Department

which renders free advisory and extension services to rubber growers on all aspects of rubber

cultivation, production, processing and marketing and simultaneously attends to

implementation of various development schemes as well. Field Offices located at all important

rubber growing centres play important roles in extension activities.

1. Rubber Plantation Development Scheme Phase IV

2. Rubber Plantation Development Scheme - Phase V

http://www.nabard.org/


67 KVK,SONITPUR

3. Rubber Plantation Development Scheme - Phase VI.

4. Rubber Plantation Development Scheme in North East

5. Schemes for Assisting Planting and Upkeep

6. Scheme for popularising use of Low Volume Sprayers

7. Scheme for Improving Tapping

8. Schemes for Assisting Rubber Growers’ Cooperatives

9. Scheme for Promoting Rubber Producers Societies (RPSs)

10. Schemes for Assisting Companies in the RPS Sector

11. Schemes for Assisting Large Growers

12. Schemes of General Nature


Rubber Board Zonal Office - Guwahati Zone

Joint Rubber Production Commissioner

House fed Complex, Central Block II (first floor)

Beltola-Basistha Road,Dispur-781 006

Guwahati,Assam,India

Phone: 0361 – 2220416

Fax: 0361 – 2228147

E-mail: [email protected]

Website: www. rubberboard.org.in

3. Spices Board Promotional programmes i. Production Development Schemes

a. Small cardamom

b. Large cardamom



68 KVK,SONITPUR

c. Development of exotic and high value spices

d.Organic farming of spices

e.Integrated pest management

f. Development of spices in North East

g.Post harvest improvements in spices

h.Extension advisory service

ii. Post harvest improvement of spices schemes a. Scheme for improved cardamom curing devices for small cardamom (Description/ Working

procedure).

b.Subsidy for constructing drying yards.

c. Supply of polythene sheets and bamboo mats at subsidized cost.

d.Procurement of pepper threshers at subsidized cost.

e.Availability of solar driers for chilies.


Deputy Director (Development)

Spice Board

Six Mile,350

Near Punjab National Bank,Tulshi Path

Guwahati-781022

Phone: 0361-2339776

e-mail:[email protected]

Website: www.indianspices.com

4. National Horticulture Board a) Development of Commercial Horticulture through Production and Post-Harvest Management Objectives

http://www.indianspices.com/


69 KVK,SONITPUR

1. To develop high quality horticultural farms in identified belts and make such areas vibrant

with horticultural activity which in turn will act as hubs for developing commercial horticulture

by adopting high-tech horticulture techniques.

2. To develop post-harvest management infrastructure.

3. To improve linkages between horticulture producers and marketers.

4. To create integrated network for marketing of horticulture produce.

5. To increase producer’s share in consumer price.

b) Capital Investment Subsidy for Construction / Modernization Expansion of Cold Storage and Storages for Horticulture Produce Objectives

1. To promote setting up of cold storages/storages in the country for reducing post harvest

losses.

2. Creation of 12 lakh tonnes and modernization/rehabilitation of 8 lakh tonnes of cold

storages and addition of 4.5 lakh tonnes onion storages.

c) Technology Development and Transfer for Promotion of Horticulture i. Objectives

Popularization of new technologies/tools/techniques for commercialization/ adoption.

Introduction of new concepts to improve farming systems.

Upgradation of skills by exchange of technical know-how.

Consolidating research efforts for specific problems.

Identification/collection, rapid multiplication & popularization of indigenous crops and

other flora of horticultural importance with emphasis on domestic and export

promotion.


70 KVK,SONITPUR

Familiarization and exposure towards the newer scientific concepts/ temper and

research & development from hitherto unknown, unexplored and traditional status of

farming and post harvest management on to the modern lines.

Address for communication National Horticulture Board

Chhibber House, 4th Floor, Dispur

Guwahati-781 005

Tele/Fax :0361-2343719, 2340695


Website: www.nhb.gov.in

5. Centrally sponsored schemes i) National Food Security Mission (NFSM)

National Food Security Mission has been launched as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme funded by

Central Government. It envisages to focus on districts which have high potential but relatively

low level of productivity performance at present.


Joint Secretary

National Food Security Mission

Dept. of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture

Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi - 110 001

Phone: 011-23381176

e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Website: www.nfsm.gov.in


http://www.nhb.gov.in/

http://www.nfsm.gov.in/


71 KVK,SONITPUR

ii) Save grain Campaign Save Grain Campaign under the direct supervision and control of Department of Public

Distribution, Ministry of Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution is propagating the knowledge

of scientific storage of food grains amongst farmers including farm women through its 17 field

offices situated in different parts of the country viz. Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhubaneshwar,

Bhopal Calcutta, Chennai Chandigarh Ghaziabad, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Lucknow,

Patna, Pune, Raipur, Thiruvananthapuram, and Varanasi. The main objectives of the SGC is to

educate, motivate and persuade the farmers and others to adopt measures at farm level to

minimise the food grain losses through training, demonstration and publicity. The ultimate aim

of the above programme is to help in the reduction of avoidable losses to food grains in

storage, as to make available more food grains for human consumption.

iii. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) Concerned by the slow growth in agriculture and allied sectors, the National Development

Council resolved to launch the special Additional Central Assistance Scheme RKVY. The main

objective of the scheme is to achieve 4% annual growth in agricultural sector during the XIth

Plan by ensuring holistic development of agriculture and allied sectors. The basic features of

this scheme are :

1. Incentives to States so as to increase public investment in agriculture and allied sectors.

2. Provide flexibility and autonomy to the state in the process of planning and executing

schemes.

3.Ensure preparation of schemes based on agro climatic conditions,availability of technology

and natural resources.

4. Ensure that local needs crops priorities are better reflected in the schemes.

5. Reduce yield gap in important crops, through focussed interventions.

6.Maximise retums to farmers.

7. Bring about quantifiable changes in production and productivity.


72 KVK,SONITPUR

iv. Seed village Scheme

Despite implementation of the organized seed programme since the mid 60s, the seed

replacement rate has only reached the level of 15% 85% of the seeds used are farm saved.

It is, therefore, necessary to improve the stock of farm saved seeds for enhancing crop

production/productivity. For this, seed production, seed distribution and other connected

aspects will have to be improved and strengthened at the farmers’ level. To upgrade the

quality of farmer-saved seed which is about 80-85% of the total seed used for crop

production programme, it is proposed to provide financial assistance for distribution of

foundation/certified seed at 50% cost of the seed of crops for production of certified

/quality seeds only and to provide training on seed production and technology to the

farmers.

The seed produced in these seed villages will have to be preserved/stored till the next

sowing season. In order to encourage farmers to develop storage capacity of appropriate

quality, assistance will be given to farmers for making/procuring of Pusa Bin/Mud bin/Bin

made from paper pulp for storing of seed produced by the farmers on their farms.

Implementing Agencies :

The implementing agencies will be State Departments of Agriculture, State Agriculture

Universities, Krishi Vigyan Kendras, State Seeds Corporation, National Seeds Corporation,

State Farms Corporation of India (SFCI), State Seeds Certification Agencies, Department of

Seed Certification. One implementing agency will be identified for the area/locality and is to be

authorized by the State Government.

v. Horticulture Mission for North East and Himalayan states In order to improve livelihood opportunities and to bring prosperity to the North Eastern

Region (NER) including Sikkim, Government of India launched a Technology Mission for North

East for integrated Development of Horticulture in 2001-02. Considering the potential of

Horticulture for socio-economic development of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and

Uttarakhand, Technology Mission was extended to these States from 2003-04. With effect from


73 KVK,SONITPUR

2014-15, HMNEH scheme has been subsumed under Mission for Integrated Development of

Horticulture (MIDH). HMNEH is based on the “end-to-end approach” taking into account the

entire gamut of horticulture development, with all backward and forward linkages, in a holistic

manner.

The objectives of the Mission are:

To improve the production and productivity of horticulture crops by harnessing the

potential of the region.

Special emphasis on “Low Volume, High Value, Less Perishable Horticulture Crops”.

A horticulture based farming system to be developed, thereby providing viable and

ample opportunities for employment, especially for women, besides improving

productivity of land.

b. Livestock The various schemes being implemented by the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department

supported by Assam Livestock Development Agency (ALDA), ARIASP, AACP, ASCAD, NERDDL

and State Plans are discussed below briefly:

1.Assam Agricultural Competitiveness Project (AACP)

Though Assam has enormous potential for livestock and poultry farming, lack of knowledge and

interest are some of the factors that prevent the youths to avail opportunity in joining this

entrepreneurship. To create awareness on scientific rearing and management of Crossbred

Cattle through A.I. (Artificial Insemination), the department has organized various programmes

like holding of free Animal Health Camps and Calf Rallies etc., under AACP (Assam Livestock

Development Agency-ALDA which is a component of AACP).

2.National Project for cattle and Buffalo Breeding [NPCBB] This is a centrally sponsored scheme. The State Implementation unit of NPCBB was established

in the name of Assam Livestock Development agency in the year 2004. Under NPCBB, Assam


74 KVK,SONITPUR

Livestock Development Agency (ALDA) renovated the semen station and restructured it as per

the advice of the Central Monitoring Unit. ALDA also brought 14 new purebred Jersey Bull

Calves of high pedigree as per MSP norms from Sunaveda Central Government Jersey Bull

Rearing Farm in Orissa. Currently the station is producing annually around 1.50 lakh - 2.00 lakh

frozen semen doses.

3.Coordinated Cattle Breeding Project [CCBP]

The main component of the Veterinary Department is Cattle Breeding. India, although shares

more than 20 percent of the World’s Cattle population, contributes only 15 percent of the live

stock products due to poor productivity from the non-descript cattle breed. The basic aim of

launching the CCBP is to select future proven bull through the process of SIRE EVALUATION in

order to enhance the milk production economically as well as to reduce the gap between

demand and supply of milk.

4.National Project on Rinderpest Eradication [NPRE]:

The department has successfully completed all the three phases of the NPRE programme in the

state as per the guidelines of Govt. of India. Surveillance programme are being conducted

under NPRE for total eradication of Rinderpest and Bovine Contagious pluro Pneumonia. The

Institute of Veterinary Biologicals, Khanapara is producing and procuring vaccines against

economically important diseases of animals and birds to fulfill the need of the State. During

2008-09 and 2009-10, 33.28 lakh doses of different types of vaccines have been distributed to

the field under the aid of ASCAD.

5.Schemes for Women

Considering the specific needs and for development of economic conditions of womenfolk the

Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Department has formulated strategies to involve them in

livestock and poultry development programmes. Women SHGs will be given preference for

selection of beneficiaries and special employment oriented schemes for women individually or

through SHG’s in the areas of Poultry & Duckery, Cattle, Piggery and Goatery. Schemes of


75 KVK,SONITPUR

Special training programme will also be provided to the women beneficiaries for capacity

building.

6.Dairy Development

The Dairy Development in Assam was initiated in the latter part of the Second Five Year Plan

period with the basic concept of procurement, processing and distribution of milk and aiming at

economic upliftment of rural milk producers as well as to generate employment opportunities

among the farming communities and to help urban consumers to get quality milk at a

reasonable price.

7.Rastriya Krishi Vikash Yojana (RKVY)

Under the RKVY an amount of `330.00 lakh has been received from the Govt. of India through

the Nodal Agency i.e., Agriculture Department during the year 2008-09.The objective of the

project is to enhance milk production in the state through induction of 1000 no of Milch cattle

to the selected 500 beneficiaries in the 9 project districts namely Kamrup, Barpeta, Darrang,

Sonitpur, Morigaon, Nagaon, Golaghat, Jorhat and Cachar district. The capacity building to rear

high yielding milch catt le with fodder development has also been completed under the

scheme. During the year 2009-10, it is planned to induct 2000 no milch cattle to the selected

1000 beneficiaries in 21 project districts under the scheme.

9.Milk Village Scheme (State Plan)

This is a State Plan Scheme meant for distribution of cross bred cattle among the people of

selected villages on a cluster basis in different sub-divisions of the State. Cattle along with calf

and other inputs like cattle insurance, cowshed, medicine, feed and fodder are provided to the

beneficiaries. An amount of 242.00 lakh is proposed to assist 311 beneficiaries during 2010-11.

The assistance include two cross breed jersey cows along with calf, cattle shed, insurance,

medicine and fodder, training etc under the scheme.


76 KVK,SONITPUR

Employment Generation Scheme for Local Dairy Unit (State Plan) Under this

programme the rural NGOs, Dairy Co-operative Societies (DCSs) and Self Help Groups will be

imparted training for rearing high yielding milch animal, preparing indigenous dairy products

etc. The main thrust of this scheme would be to create gainful employment /engagement as

well as to provide remunerative price to the milk produced in the rural areas having less or no

scope for marketing the milk. The programme covers the following :

• Training of NGOs, DCSs and SHGs – Rearing of High Yielding milch cattle, collection of quality

milk, hygienic preparation of milk products and its preservation and marketing;

• Provide 24 nos of high yielding milch cattle to each group;

• Provide infrastructure for rearing cattle;

• Provide infrastructure for preparation of the indigenous dairy products. Margin money @50

percent of the total capital cost of the scheme i.e., `7.92 lakh to each group;

c. Fisheries

1. Assam Agricultural Competitiveness Project (AACP)

The Department of Fisheries, Assam over 8 years from 1995-96 took up poverty alleviation

through piscicultural activities and infrastructure development under the World Bank assisted

‘Assam Rural Infrastructure and Agricultural Services Project’ with provision of Rs. 28.37 Crore.

This was a multi-component project with successfully implementation of beneficiary oriented

aspects like farmers’ pond, community tank and integrated fisheries. Fish production level in

the ponds & tanks enhanced almost three-fold. It has to be noted that there have been

immense intangible benefits that have accrued from the project, namely acceptance of fishery

as economic activity among non-traditional fishers, acceptance of scientific practices,

replication of fish culture model among nearby farmers (multiplier effect) and synergy with

local communities to develop on a group principle

To ensure continuing success to these developments, Department of Fisheries needs

to undertake a follow-on thrust with the objective to: - Improve Assam's fish industry in an

integrated & systematic manner to increase competitiveness among poor & marginal


77 KVK,SONITPUR

communities / farmers dependent on fish for primary or secondary income as an effort to

alleviate poverty with thrust on production. With a view on this objective Fishery Department

Assam, would take up, yet again, a multi-pronged approach for developing the sector with the

project Assam Agricultural Competitiveness Project with support of the World Bank. To ensure

comprehensive development the components / sub-components of the project presently

targeted are: -

Capacity Building & Institutional Development

Fish Seed Production and Distribution

Fish Production (Farmers Pond & Community Tank)

Integrated Fish Farming

Development of Beel Fisheries

Demonstration Projects (Air breathing fishes)

Pilot Projects

Studies

Market Development (Reflected in other costab, component design under

development)

2.State Plan

a.MUKHYAMANTRIR MATSYA BIKASH ASONI

A. Construction of New Ponds (Gen) – Community/SHG (Mukhya Mantrir Amar Pukhuri

Asoni)

Eligibility Criteria

a) Water spread area: Min - 0.5 ha; Max - 2 ha

b) Target beneficiary: Community with minimum 10 members

c) There should not be any dispute among the members

d) Proposed/identified area should be common property resource or Govt. Khas

land / community or Institution own land

e) Single ownership land (patta holder) is not eligible.

f) If the Community/SHG/Group has taken the area on lease, it should not be less than 7


78 KVK,SONITPUR

years commencing from not earlier than 1st January of the implementing year

B. Construction of New Ponds (Gen) - Individual (Mukhyamantrir 'Matsyajyoti' Asoni)


a) Water spread area: Min - 0.25 ha; Max – 0.4 ha

b) Target beneficiary: Individual interested in fish farming

c) In case of Individual scheme ownership of the land must belong to the beneficiary. If

the ownership of the land belongs to other family member/s, he should obtain no objection

certificate duly authenticated from the owner and countersigned by the President of Gaon

Panchayat/ Govt. appointed Gaonburha.

d) DFDO or his designated officers should ensure ownership of the land for development

and copies of land records has to be maintained in the O/O the DFDO for verification

1. Women Empowerment programme (Gen):

Construction of New Ponds - Women SHG (Mukhyamantrir Mahila Sambriddhi Yojona -

'Lakhimi)


a) Water spread area: Min - 0.5 ha; Max - 2 ha

b) Target beneficiary: Exclusively Women SHG with Fishery as main activity with

minimum 8 members

c) There should not be any dispute among the members

d) Proposed/identified area should be common property resource

e) Single ownership land (patta holder) is not eligible.

f) If the SHG has taken the area on lease, it should not be less than 7 years commencing

from not earlier than 1st January of the implementing year

3.The National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB)

NDFB is mandated to play a critical role in this direction. An amount of Rs.457.62 crores has

been earmarked for development of intensive aquaculture in ponds and the proposed activities

are expected to generate 3 substantial investments resulting in an annual additional production


79 KVK,SONITPUR

of 26.5 lakh tonnes of fish. The present guidelines on intensive aquaculture in ponds and tanks

cover a wide gamut of activities ranging from fish seed and table fish production to human

resource development. The objectives of the guidelines are to bring in more clarity and

objectivity, thus facilitating the implementing agencies in preparation and submission of

suitable proposals in tune with the criterion evolved by the NFDB for providing assistance for

development of intensive aquaculture in the country.


National Fisheries Development Board

Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries

Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India

"Fish Building" Pillar No:235, PVNR Expressway

SVPNPA Post,Hyderabad-500052.

Tel: + 91 - 040 - 24000201/177/24015553

Table 11: Schemes and plans Under Crop/ Fisheries /Livestock sector in Sonitpur District

Crop Sl. No Schemes

i. RKVY

ii. RKVY(Horti)

iii. HMNEH

iv. NFSM-Rice

v. NFSM-Pulse

vi. State Plan-Hort

vii. State Plan-IIP(Increasing Irrigation on Potential

viii. DISASTER Management

ix. National mission for Oilseed & Oilpalm

x. Mukhya Mantrir Momai Tamuli Borboruah Krishak Bondhu

Achani(Mission Double Crop) under NAEP.


80 KVK,SONITPUR

Fisheries Scheme

Fisheries Sl. No Scheme

i. Fish and fish seed farming

ii. Mukhya Mantrir Matsya Mitra Asoni

iii. Development of Fresh water Aquaculture Through FFDA.

iv. Reclamation of Derelict water bodies.

v. National Welfare fund for fishermen.

vi. Development of beel and open water fisheries(SCSP)

vii. Rural Infrastructure Development Fund

viii. Assam Agricultural Competitiveness Project(AACP)

ix. RKVY

x. National Fisheries Development Board.

Livestock AH & Veterinary.

Livestock

AH &

Veterinary

Sl No

i. Rural Infrastructure Development Fund(RIDF)

ii. State Plan for Fodder Production

iii. Grassland Development Project(GLDP)

iv. Fodder Seed Distribution Program(under RKVY)

v. Assistance to State for Control of Animal Diseases(ASCAD)

vi. National Project on Cattle- Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB)

vii. Assam Agricultural Competitiveness Project (AACP)

viii. Additional Central Assistance (ACA), for enhancing milk

production in Sonitpur district.

ix. Bovine Contagious Pneumonia Project (BCPP)

x. National Project on Rinderpest Eradication (NPRE)

xi. Integrated Dairy Development Project (IDDP)- Phase -I

xii. Livestock Insurance Scheme.

xiii. Co-ordinated Cattle Breeding Project (CCBP)


81 KVK,SONITPUR

Chapter-7

Farm machinery suitable to the District

1. Tractor Tractor is a self propelled power unit having wheels or tracks for operating agricultural

implements and machines including trailers. Tractor engine is used as a prime mover for active

tools and stationary farm machinery through power-take off (pto) or belt pulley.

CLASSIFICATION OF TRACTORS : Tractors can be classified into three classes on the basis of

structural-design:

(i) Wheel tractor: Tractors, having three of four pneumatic wheels are called wheel tractors.

Four wheel tractors are most popular everywhere.

(ii) Crawler tractor: This is also called track type tractor or chain type tractor. In such tractors,

there is endless chain or track in place of pneumatic wheels.

(iii) Walking tractor (Power tiller): Power tiller is a walking type tractor. This tractor is usually

fitted with two wheels only.


82 KVK,SONITPUR

2.Power tiller

It is a prime mover in which the direction of travel and its control for field operation is

performed by the operator walking behind it. It is also known as hand tractor or walking type

tractor. Power tiller was first introduced in India in the year 1963. Power tiller may be called a

single axle walking type tractor, though a riding seat is provided in certain designs. Average size

of holding in India is about 2.5 hectares. There are 89% of total land holdings of less than six

hectares. Under such conditions, power tiller may be useful as a power unit. Components of

power tiller: A power tiller consists of the following main parts: (1) Engine (2) Transmission

gears (3) Clutch (4) Brakes (5) Rotary unit. All the power tillers are fitted with an I. C. engine. At

present, most of the power tillers are fitted with diesel engine. The makes like Kubota,

Mitsubishi, and Sarachi have used diesel engine in India.

3.Self-propelled paddy transplanter

It is a single wheel driven and fitted with diesel engine. The machine is riding type and it

transplants seedlings from mat type nursery in eight rows in a single pass. The drive wheel

receives power from the engine through V -belt, cone clutch and gearbox. A propeller shaft

from the gear box provides power to the transplanting mechanism mounted over the float.


83 KVK,SONITPUR

The float facilitates the transplanter to slide over the puddle surface. The tray containing mat

type nursery for rows is moved sideways by a scroll shaft mechanism, which converts rotary

motion received from the engine through belt-pulley, gear and universal joint shaft into linear

motion of a rod connected to the seedling tray having provision to reverse the direction of

movement of tray after it reaches the extreme position at one end. Fixed fork with knock out

lever type planting fingers (cranking type) are moved by a four bar linkage to give the designed

locus to the tip of the planting finger.

4. Reaper and Reaper binder

The reaper-binder, or binder, was a farm implement that improved upon the reaper. In

addition to cutting the small-grain crop, it would also tie the stems into small bundles,

or sheaves. These sheaves were then 'shocked' into conical stooks, resembling small tipis, to

allow the grain to dry for several days before being threshed. Early binders were horse-drawn

and powered by a bull wheel. Later models were tractor-drawn. The implement had a reel and

a sickle bar, like a modern grain head for a combine harvester, or combine. The cut stems

would fall onto a canvas, which conveyed the crop to the binding mechanism. This mechanism

bundled the stems of grain and tied a piece of twine around the bundle. Once tied, it was

discharged from the back of the binder. With the replacement of the threshing machine by

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaper

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sheaf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stook

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipi

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threshing

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mower

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combine_harvester

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canvas

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threshing_machine


84 KVK,SONITPUR

the combine harvester, the binder became almost obsolete. Some grain crops such as oats are

now cut and formed into windrows with a swather. With other grain crops such as wheat, the

grain is now mostly cut and threshed by a combine in a single operation, while the binder is still

in use at small fields or outskirts of mountain areas.

5. Bed Planter The bed planter consists of a frame, planting hoppers, fertilizer box, furrow openers, bed

shaper. and power transmitting wheel. The frame is made of mild steel sections. The furrow

openers are ridger type and have mouldboard and share point. The wingspan of the

mouldboard can be adjusted. The share is made of medium carbon steel or alloy steel,

hardened and tempered to suitable hardness. The machine makes two beds. Machine can sow

two or three rows of wheat on each bed. Machine has seed metering unit of vertical disc type.

The draft requirement of the machine is reduced due to roller type bed shaper.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combine_harvester

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oat

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swather

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheat


85 KVK,SONITPUR

6. Seed Dressing Drum

These drums are widely used for treating and dressing the seeds, making them resistant to pets

and insects before sowing. Manufactured from galvanized iron sheet, this type of drum is

mounted on an strong built of angle iron frame.Available in different capacities, this Manually

Operated Seed Dressing Drum is offered at cost effective prices.

Features

Designed with a sliding gate for easy loading and unloading of seeds and chemicals

Durable handle for rotating the drum manually

Rust proof finish

7. Maize Planter

A seed drill refers to a planting device that is driven by a tractor. Usually a seed drill has a tube

containing seeds. The coulter cut the soil open and seeds in the tube falling into the soil, then a

rake covering the soil directly. The corn planter integrates all the function, besides, it can also

finish fertilizing process simultaneously. It applies to seed and fertilize corn, soybean, and other

suitable plant without ploughing. This kind of corn seeding machine is applicable in plains and

hilly areas with high flexibility. The specially designed grain drill can complete the work of


86 KVK,SONITPUR

loosing soil, digging, applying fertilizer, seeding, covering oil in one operation. With adjustable

seeding capacity, seeding row space and working width, corn planter has showed extraordinary

performance among the corn planters.

8.Small combine Harvester

Walking-type small combine harvester, a kind of multi-functional combine harvester, is mainly

suitable for small scale rice and wheat harvesting. It combines reaping, threshing, stripping,

winnowing and packing into a single process. It relieves the farmers from heavy grain crops

harvesting work.

Characters of Small Combine Harvester

* Applicable for mountainous area, hilly land, paddy field, terraced field and mud field, where

the general combine harvester cannot enter in.

* Light weight ensures flexible steering.

*Automatic, self-propelled harvester driven by diesel engine, suitable for small scale rice and

wheat harvesting.

* Special wheel for paddy field, the depth of mud can reach to 30cm.

* The height of picking up can be adjusted casually.


87 KVK,SONITPUR

9.Rotary Weeder

Rotary weeder are devices used for removing the weeds, stirring and pulverizing the soil and for

loosening the soil after the crop has begun to grow. The blades present in this weeder rotate

efficiently for cutting and mulching of soil. This weeder is self propelled.

10.Hydraulically operated Power Harrow

Hydraulic Harrow is designed to work in tougher operating conditions. It is used in larger open

fields for superficial ploughing, shattering of clods, burial of organic substances, breaking the

roots and preparation of soil for sowing. Well designed hydraulic mechanism & tyre mechanism


88 KVK,SONITPUR

are both reliable and durable, which enables it to control depth of cut and facilitate

transportation.

---------------------------------------------


89 KVK,SONITPUR

Annexure

1. Telephone directory of important agriculture/related office in Sonitpur District

i.Contact persons of Agriculture Department of Sonitpur district

Sl. No

Name

Contact No.

1. Sri Karuna Kanta Nath, DAO, Sonitpur

9435181580

2 Sri Swapan Sarma,Asstt. Director of Agril

9435490677

3 Dr. Minoti Saikia,Asstt. Director of Agril

9864988488

4

Sri Bharat Rajbonshi,SDAO 9435380279

5

Sri Shyamal Swargiary,SDAO 9577528342

6

Azim Ahmed,Sr. ADO 9864082442

7

Sri Premeswar Nath,ADO 9435068499

ii.Contact Persons of Animal Husbandry Department in Sonitpur District

Sl. No

Name of Office

Name of officer / Designation

Contact No

1 District Veterinary Office Tezpur,Sonitpur, Assam

Dr Anup Kr Das DVO

9435136398

2 District Veterinary Office Tezpur,Sonitpur, Assam

Dr Binoy Kr Barman SDVO

9435081851

3 Fodder Development Officer Tezpur,Sonitpur, Assam

Dr Dilip Sarmah

9435180294


90 KVK,SONITPUR

4 District Diagnostic Laboratory, Near Eid Gah Field, Tezpur ,Sonitpur.

Dr Prasanta Kr Das ARO(i/c)

8876718938

5 District Diagnostic Laboratory, Near Eid Gah Field, Tezpur ,Sonitpur.

Dr Gayatri Das V.O

7578014424

6 State Veterinary Dispensary,RAIC Bhutpara.

Dr Kakoli Basumatary V.O

9401057456

iii.Contact Persons of Fisheries Department In Sonitpur district

Sl No.

Officers

Designation

Phone numbers

1 Mr. Tapan Gogoi DFDO 9954220839

2 Mr. Trithanath Hazarika SDFDO 7896679760

3 Mr. Himanshu Prakash Das FEO 9954040482

4 Md Ibuddin Ahmed FEO 8876806175

5 Mr. Pradip Kr Das FEO 9435766522

6 Mr. Mukut Baruah FEO 9854593303

7 Mr. Pulakananda Talukdar FEO 9954080815

8 Mr. Dimeshwar Chaliha FEO 9508719745

9 Mr. Nilanjana Das FEO 9435001845

10 Mr. Prafulla Bhuyan FEO 9864423588

2.Average nutrient content of common manures and fertilizers Material Nutrient content (%)

N P2O5 K2O

Ammonium sulphate 20.5 - -

Ammonium sulphate nitrate

26.0 - -

Ammonium nitrate 33.5 -- -

Calcium ammonium nitrate

20.5/25.0 - -

Urea 46.0 - -

Superphosphate (single)

- 18.0 -

Muriate of potash - - 50/60

FYM 1.0 0.5 1.0

Compost 0.5 0.4 0.8

Vermicompost 1.5 0.4 1.8


91 KVK,SONITPUR

Cowdung 1.0 0.5 1.0

3.Preparation of safer pesticides for common use a. Insecticides

1. Kerosene emulsion

This is a contact insecticide useful against many sucking insects. For preparing this, slice 500 g

of ordinary bar soap and dissolve in 4.5 litres of water by boiling. Cool and add 9 litres of

kerosene under violent agitation till the oil is fully emulsified. The stock solution may be diluted

with 15-20 times of water before spraying.

2. Tobacco decoction

This is very effective for controlling aphids and other soft-bodied insects infesting vegetable

crops. Tobacco decoction can be prepared by steeping 500 g of tobacco waste in 4.5 litres of

water for 24 hours. Dissolve 120 g of ordinary bar soap separately in another vessel. The soap

solution is added to tobacco decoction under violent agitation. Dilute this stock solution 6-7

times before spraying.

3.Neem kernel suspension (NKS) This is very effective as a repellent/deterrent against locusts, grasshoppers and other chewing

insects particularly lepidopterans. The kernel should be ground into a coarse powder. The

effective concentration of NKS ranges from 0.1 to 0.3%. For obtaining 0.1% concentration, 1g of

powered neem seed is required per litre of water. The required quantity of the coarse powder

should be put in a small muslin cloth bag and dipped in water for about 12 hours. Thereafter,


92 KVK,SONITPUR

squeeze the cloth bag repeatedly so that the out-flowing fluid turns light brownish. The NKS is

now ready to be sprayed as such on crops.

4.Neem oil + garlic emulsion (2%)

To prepare 10 litres of 2% neem oil + garlic emulsion, 200 ml neem oil, 200 g garlic and 50 g

ordinary bar soap are required. Slice the bar soap and dissolve in 500 ml lukewarm water.

Grind 200 g of garlic and take the extract in 300 ml water. Pour the 500 ml soap solution in 200

ml neem oil slowly and stir vigorously to get a good emulsion. Mix the garlic extract in the

neem oil + soap emulsion. Dilute this one litre stock solution by adding 9 litres of water to get

10 litres of 2% neem oil + garlic emulsion.

b. Preparation of common fungicides 1.Bordeaux mixture (1%) Dissolve 1 kg of powdered copper sulphate crystals in 50 litres of water. In another 50 litres of

water, prepare milk of lime with 1 kg of quick lime. Pour the copper sulphate solution into the

milk of lime slowly stirring the mixture all the while. Test the mixture before use for the

presence of free copper, which is harmful to the plants, by dipping a polished knife in it. If the

blade shows a reddish colour due to the deposits of copper, add more lime till the blade is not

stained on dipping. Always use wooden, earthen or copper vessels for the preparation of

Bordeaux mixture. In order to confer sticking qualities to Bordeaux mixture, rosin washing soda

mixture, may be added. The addition of the sticker is particularly recommended for sprayings

conducted during rainy season. For preparing the mixture, 10 litres of water out of 100 litres

required for preparing Bordeaux mixture may be kept apart. Boil 10 litres of water, preferably

in an earthen pot and add 500 g of good quality washing soda (sodium carbonate). Boil again

until the solution becomes slightly dark in colour. Add 1 kg of powdered rosin (arpoos) in the

boiling washing soda solution. Reduce the flame for avoiding frothing, foaming and spilling

over. Boil the solution for 5-10 minutes till black bubbles appear. Cool the solution until the

temperature reaches below 45ºC. The cooled mixture (10 litres) is then added slowly to the

prepared Bordeaux mixture (90 litres) under vigorous stirring.


93 KVK,SONITPUR

2. Bordeaux paste Dissolve 100 g of copper sulphate and 100 g of quick lime each in 500 ml of water separately.

Mix together to make one litre of the paste.

3. Chestnut compound Weigh 60 g copper sulphate and 330 g of ammonium carbonate. These two are well powdered

and thoroughly mixed. The dry mixture is stored in an airtight glass container for 24 hours

before use. About 25 g of this mixture is dissolved in a little hot water and solution is made up

to 8 litres with cold water and used for soil drenching.

4.Asafoetida-Turmeric mixture This preparation can be used for controlling bacterial wilt of solanaceous vegetables like

tomato.This should be applied as soil drench for three times after 15,30 and 45 days of

transplanting the vegetables.The mixture can be prepared in the following way.

1.Both Asafoetida and turmeric should be ground into powdery form.

2. 1.5 gram asafoetida and 5 gram turmeric powder should be dissolved in a little amount of

water.

3. Finally the volume of the mixture is to be made upto 10 litres by pouring required quantity of

water into it.

4.The mixture is now ready for soil drenching.

---------------------------------------------

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