2014 humanities exam
TRANSCRIPT
2014 Humanities Exam Mid-‐year revision
DATE OF EXAM: THURSDAY 5TH JUNE
STRUCTURE OF EXAM MARKS
WORLD WAR TWO 40
RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS 16
POPULAR CULTURE 14
TOTAL MARKS
8:30 AM – 10:15PM
1.5 HOURS WRITING
15 MINS READING
WW2: An overview of the causes and course of World War II • The Great Depression
• The rise of Nazism
• Fear of communism
• The rise of nationalism
• The Treaty of Versailles
The Holocaust -‐ 6 million Jews murdered -‐ Carried out in stages – laws –
ghettos-‐ concentration camps -‐ Geneva conventions – UN tried
people for ‘war crimes’ -‐ Abuse of human rights lead to the
formation of the United Nations
The Atomic Bomb
Race to develop nuclear weapons (U.S)
Dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945
Japan surrendered on 2nd September 1945 (End of Paci_ic War)
WW2: An examination of signi_icant events of World War II, including the Holocaust and use of the atomic bomb
WW2: Experiences of Australians during World War II • PRISONERS OF WAR • More than 30,000 POW’s * Experiences included torture, disease, death marches
• Main camps: Sth Korea, Japan and Korea
• KOKODA • July – November 1942, Australians defended Port Moresby from Japanese occupation
• Ill-‐equipped, 607 died, 1015 wounded.
• Japanese withdrew
The impact of World War II, with a particular emphasis on the Australian home front • Changing roles of women
• -‐ Women’s land army
• New opportunities in the workforce (e.g. munitions, aircraft construction
• Wartime government controls
• conscription,
• manpower controls, rationing and censorship)
The signi_icance of World War II to Australia’s international relationships in the twentieth century
United Nations -‐ Founding member 1945 (Evatt helped shape charter) -‐ Involved in peace-‐keeping operations since WW2 Britain -‐ Australian followed British foreign policy until 1942 -‐ 1939: ‘Australia is at war’ because Britain declared war on Germany
USA -‐ 1941 – established new ally/change in foreign policy -‐ -‐ tense relations with America (troops in Aus, racism in U.S. army, war brides)
RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS The origins and signi_icance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• AIMS OF THE UNITED NATIONS:
• to promote peace and prevent war
• to promote fundamental human rights and the dignity of every human person
• to promote international law and justice
• to promote social progress and better living standards.
• Human rights were (and remain) a signi_icant focus for the United Nations. This was highlighted by the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948.
Background to the struggle of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples for rights and freedoms before 1965
• The 1938 Day of Mourning • Protest on Australia Day – 150 years after British invasion • Aborigines Progressive Association and the Australian Aborigines League campaigned for the right to own property, a bank account, receive a pension, full citizenship status, access to education health services and employment.
• Stolen Generations • From protection to assimilation • Aboriginal Protection Board removed half caste children from their families up until the early 1970’s
• Treatment was discriminatory, brutal, unjust and had long lasting, negative impact on Aboriginal communities
The US civil rights movement and its in_luence on Australia • Rosa Parks bus boycott
• Martin Luther King – non violent protest movement
• Black Power-‐ direct action against racism
• The Freedom Rides 1962
The signi_icance of the following for the civil rights of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples:
• 1962 right to vote federally
• 1967 Referendum – census and federal jurisdiction
• Reconciliation – making peace over past wrongs
• Mabo decision -‐ native title
• Bringing Them Home Report (the Stolen Generations)
• The Apology – Kevin Rudd 2008
Methods used by civil rights activists to achieve change for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and the role of ONE individual or group in the struggle • The Freedom Ride 1965 : Charles Perkins and civil disobedience/awareness raising
• Eddie Mabo – challenging ‘terra nullius’ in the High Court/_ight for Native Title
• Vincent Lingiari – Wave Hill Walk Off – _ight for land rights, equal pay and better work conditions.
The nature of popular culture in Australia at the end of World War II Music : Dinner dances, Jazz, Country and Big Band music
Film: Films focused on Australia’s colonial past.
Sport: Rugby, Cricket and Racing were all popular
Developments in popular culture in post-‐war Australia and their impact on society • Television: introduced in 1956 and coincided with the Olympics.
• Popular programs were produced overseas
Rock ’n’ roll
• -‐ Rock'n'roll began in America and blended country and western music with the beat of rhythm and blues and the vocal power of African American gospel music
• Beatles, Johnny O’Keefe, Elvis Presley, ACDC
• Sur_ing culture
• Sur_ies came to represent a culture of pleasure and youthful rebellion
The changing nature of the music, _ilm and television industry in Australia during the post-‐war period, including the in_luence of overseas developments Film
Growth in the Australian _ilm industry after 1970’s.
Major Hollywood interest, support and competition
TV
-‐ Vietnam war
-‐ Soapies
-‐ Reality TV
Music
-‐ Protest music (Vietnam war)
-‐ ABC’s Countdown brings local Australian bands to the world.
Australia’s contribution to international popular culture (music, _ilm, television, sport).
T.V. Soapies: Neighbours
Music: Cold Chisel, ACDC, INXS,
Sport: Olympics, Sur_ing, Cricket
Film: Crocodile Dundee, Mad Max, Animal Kingdom
Continuity and change in beliefs and values that have in_luenced the Australian way of life • Changing policies
-‐ White Australia Policy to abolition
-‐ Multicultural in_luences – Culture, Food, Religious tolerance
-‐ A democratic society
-‐ Right to vote
-‐ People power
KEY SKILLS • SOURCE ANALYSIS
• EXTENDED RESPONSE QUESTIONS:
• -‐ Discuss the signi_icance of…
• -‐ Discuss the impact on…
• -‐ Use evidence to explain/support your response
How will you revise?