Slide 1

2012 International Conference on Environmental Quality Concern, Control and Conservation (EQC 2012) The Treatment of Diesel Contaminated Soil By Food Waste Composting, and the Feasibility of Continued Re-Farming on Its Treated Soil Chung-Shiau Ho*,Wen-Yen Huang, Wen-Ling Hong, Chitsan Lin, Po-Han Chen Graduate Student of the Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan. May 25-26, 2012 1

Slide 2

Introduction Experimental DesignExperimental MethodResults and Discussion Conclusions Outline 2

Slide 3

Petroleum Fuel as the key support of modern industry plays a core role in the development of global economy. But the complex of the petroleum refine processes, and its huge demand often result in oil spills. According to the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Web Pages of Taiwan EPA, there are 51 documented oil-related remediation sites in Taiwan. Introduction (1/2) 3

Slide 4

Therefore, there is a strong need to develop an environmental sound technology to treat mineral oil contaminations. In this study, we were exploring to apply the food waste composting technology on the remediation of diesel contaminated soil, hoping to develop a cost effective and feasible green technology. Finally, the feasibility of continued re-farming on the treated soil was evaluated. Introduction (2/2) 4

Slide 5

About Food Waste Composting Processes to Treat Diesel Contaminated Soil 5

Slide 6

100 Tons Field Scale Test (50 tons diesel contaminated soil : 50 tons food waste) 66

Slide 7

7 Turnover of the compost pile, indicating thermophilic fermentation 7

Slide 8

Results of TPH Degradation It took only 7 days to meet the treatment target, and indicated a very effective treatment method 8 National Control Limit 1,000 mg/kg Days 8

Slide 9

Treated Soils Fertility Study -- Corn Planting Experiment 9

Slide 10

Treated soilsSite preparationCorn planting HarvestCorn growthCorn germination 10

Slide 11

F W Composting Treated Soil H 2 O 2 Treated Soil Treated by adding hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). 3,000 Initial diesel concentration was 3,000 mg/kg. 30 It took more than 30 days to complete the treatment. Two kind of treated soils were parallely compared Treated food waste composting technology. 3,000 Initial diesel concentration was 3,000 mg/kg. 7 It took only 7 days to complete the treatment. 11

Slide 12

Here are the parallel comparison results Corn planting on day 0 H 2 O 2 treated soilsFW composting treated soil 12

Slide 13

On the 9th days Germination sparse Germination thriving H 2 O 2 treated soilsFW composting treated soil 13

Slide 14

On the 15 days Average height of 15 cm Average height of 20 cm H 2 O 2 treated soilsFW composting treated soil 14

Slide 15

On the 32 days Average height of 53 cm Average height of 110 cm H 2 O 2 treated soilsFW composting treated soil 15

Slide 16

On the 63 Days H 2 O 2 treated soilsFW composting treated soil 16

Slide 17

Time Series Growth Data FW Compost treated soil grows much better than H 2 O 2 treated soil 17

Slide 18

Why FW composting treated soil grows better ? Root system badly developed Root system well developed H 2 O 2 treated soilsFW composting treated soil 18

Slide 19

A better view for comparison 19

Slide 20

Soil Fertility Comparison ItemH 2 O 2 treated soil FW composting treated soil Ideal soil fertility References pH8.77.4 5.5~7.5 Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station EC0.20.8 0.5~1.2 mS/m Ash (%)9079 - - C/N19 17 20 Compost Standard Germination % 7095 80% 20

Slide 21

Harvest per unit area 21

Slide 22

22

Slide 23

23

Slide 24

The following product inspections demonstrate the corns are safe to eat. Corn - Toxic heavy metal Corn - Pesticide residues Corn - Other semi-VOC Soil - TPH analysis Soil - PAH analysis All the analyses were performed by the SGS International Accreditation Laboratory 24

Slide 25

25 Meet the fruits and vegetables regulations, cadmium limits: 0.05 ppm; lead: 0.1 ppm

Slide 26

Conclusions 26

Slide 27

In this study, we were able to treat the 3,000 mg/kg diesel contaminated soil to 801 mg/kg that comply with the regulatory limit of 1,000 mg/kg in soil. And it took only 7 days. The treated soil was examined with TPH and PAHs. Results indicate the treated soil is safe to backfill and to reuse. 27

Slide 28

Therefore, we suggest that the Food Waste Composting process as a green remediation alternative to treat the diesel contaminated soil. Owing to the better fertility of the treated soil, our parallel corn growing test had demonstrated that the FW composting treated soil had out-grow the traditional chemical oxidation treated soil. And the harvest corn products were safe to eat, as it meets the Safe Organic Fruits and Vegetables Standard. 28

Slide 29

29

Slide 30

Thanks for your attention 30