2012 annual survey of journalism mass communication … · 2019-09-03 · journalism and mass...

2012

Annual Survey of Journalism

&

Mass Communication Enrollments

Tudor Vlad • Lee B. Becker • Holly Simpson • Konrad Kalpen

James M. Cox Jr. Center for International Mass Communication Training and Research

Grady College of Journalism & Mass Communication

University of Georgia

Athens, GA 30602

Tel. 706 542-5023

www.grady.uga.edu/annualsurveys/

2012 Project Sponsors:

Association of Schools of Journalism & Mass Communication

(With Special Contributions From:

Elon University, Indiana University, Iowa State University, Louisiana State University, Marquette University,

Northwestern University, Ohio University, Pennsylvania State University, Syracuse University, University of Illinois,

University of Iowa, University of Kansas, University of Kentucky, University of Minnesota, University of Missouri,

University of North Carolina, University of Oklahoma and University of Oregon)

Association for Education in Journalism & Mass Communication

Hearst Corporation

McCormick Foundation

National Association of Broadcasters

Newspaper Association of America

Scripps Howard Foundation

Grady College of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Georgia

Aug. 9, 2013

! Overall enrollments in journalism and mass communication programs declined 2.9% in the fall of

2012 from a year earlier. It was the second year in which enrollments dropped from the year

before.

! Enrollments have dropped two years in a row only once before going back to 1988. That was in

1992 and 1993.

! At the undergraduate level, enrollment dropped 2.9%, following a decrease of 0.5% one year

earlier.

! Undergraduate enrollments were down at the sophomore (-2.0%) and junior level (-1.0%) and

down substantially (-6.9%) at the senior level. Enrollments just barely increased (0.1%) at the

freshmen level.

! Enrollments in journalism and mass communication master’s degree programs also were 2.9%

lower in 2012 than in 2011. Master’s enrollments had dropped 9.4% a year earlier.

! Doctoral program enrollment increased from 2011 to 2012 by 4.9%. They had increased by 4.2%

a year earlier.

! Journalism and mass communication education continues to be dominated by undergraduate

enrollments, with 93.0% of those enrolled in the fall of 2012 seeking a bachelor’s degree.

! The number of journalism and mass communication programs that were active in 2012 was 485,

down from 491 a year earlier.

! The number of master’s level programs went down from 222 in 2011 to 217 in 2012, while the

number of doctoral programs remained unchanged from the previous year at 50.

! The field showed a decrease in the number of undergraduate (-0.9%) and doctoral degrees

granted (-8.6%), while the number of master’s degrees granted went up 4.1%.

! Nationally, university enrollments continue to increase and are expected to grow slightly in coming

years.

! Enrollments in the journalism specialization, as well as in public relations and advertising,

increased on a percentage basis in the autumn of 2011 compared with a year earlier, while the

number of students with a specialization in telecommunications declined slightly.

! Women continue to dominate the field of journalism and mass communication, and the

percentage of women enrolled in bachelor’s degree and master’s degree programs in the autumn

of 2012 increased from a year earlier. At the doctoral level, the number was almost identical with

the one a year earlier.

Executive Summary

-2-

! The field continued to become more diverse racially and ethnically at the undergraduate level.

Undergraduate students classified as members of racial or ethnic minorities made up a larger

percentage of enrolled students in journalism and mass communication programs in the autumn of

2012 than at any point in the history of the field.

! The number of full-time faculty teaching in journalism and mass communication programs

increased 5.9% from a year earlier, while the number of part-time faculty went down slightly.

! The financial situation at journalism and mass communication programs improved somewhat in

2012, continuing the trend that started in 2011. More programs reported an increase in their

operating budget and fewer reported a decrease. Eight out of 10 administrators reported there

was no hiring freeze at their university.

! Journalism and mass communication programs continued to engage in a number of strategies to

update their curricula to reflect changes in the media landscape. Nearly nine in 10 administrators

reported their programs taught skills such as: using social media, using video and still photos on

the web, using video in reporting, and editing and writing for the web.

! More than 90% of the administrators said their programs had formal assessments of the curricula

impact on students.

! More than half of the administrators report that they have encountered obstacles to curricular

change at their institutions, but most of those encountering obstacles have found ways to

overcome.

-3-

The methods used in the Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Enrollments have

remained unchanged since 1988. Schools included in this survey are listed in either the Journalism &

Mass Communication Directory, published by the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass

Communication, or The Journalist’s Road to Success: A Career Guide, available online from the Dow

Jones News Fund, Inc. All degree-granting senior colleges and universities with courses organized under

the labels of journalism and mass communication are invited to be listed in the AEJMC Directory. To be

included in the Guide, the college or university must offer at least 10 courses in news-editorial journalism,

and those courses must include core courses, such as an introduction to the mass media and media law

and ethics, as well as basic skills courses, such as reporting and editing. Since 1992, the two journalism

programs listed in the AEJMC Directory in Puerto Rico have been included in the population.

A combination of these two directories produced 488 listings in 2012. In October 2012, a

questionnaire was mailed to the administrator of each of these programs. A second mailing of this

questionnaire was sent to the non-responding schools in December. A third mailing was sent to the non-

responding schools in January of 2013. In February, the administrators were sent a fourth mailing. The

245 administrators of the programs who had not responded by the beginning of April were contacted by

telephone and asked to answer as many of the questions over the telephone as possible. Three of the 488

schools reported as a result of the contacts that their programs were no longer active and were eliminated

from the population.

With each mailing, administrators were given the option of returning a printed form via the regular

mail, returning a downloadable form by mail or as an attachment to an email message, or completing the

form online. When contacted by phone, administrators also were given the option of using a downloadable

form or completing the survey online. In the end, 119 administrators (24.5%) used the online option,

compared with 136 (27.7%), a year earlier.

The questionnaire asked the administrators to provide information on total enrollments in autumn

of 2012, enrollment by year in school, enrollment by sequence of study, enrollment by gender, and

enrollment by racial or ethnic group. In addition, administrators were asked to indicate the number and

type of degrees granted in the 2011-2012 academic year, degrees granted by sequence of study, degrees

granted by gender, and degrees granted by racial group. The questionnaire also asked about skills taught

in the curricula, faculty size, and faculty hiring.

Data were obtained for all of the 485 active programs in the population. This is six programs fewer

than in 2011. Of the 485 returns, 342 were for programs listed in both directories, 96 were only in the

AEJMC listing, and 47 were only in the Dow Jones Guide.

Survey Methodology

-4-

As in the past, there was great variability in the detail and precision of the information

administrators provided. Some administrators answered every question, while others answered only a few.

Data on degrees offered and on enrollments at the bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral level were obtained

from all of the 485 programs. Of all these programs, 481 offered bachelor’s degree programs, 217 offered

master’s degree programs, and 50 offered doctoral programs. Data on degrees granted at the

undergraduate level were obtained for 466 of the 485 undergraduate programs, or 96.1%. For master’s

programs, the number was 202 of 217, or 93.1%,. At the doctoral level, 45 of the 50 programs reported

number of degrees granted, or 90.0%.

Data from the program administrators that were not obtained online were manually entered into a

data file. Any inconsistencies in the original documents that were noted were corrected, sometimes by

eliminating obviously erroneous information. All manual entry of data was then proofed against the original

form. Reports by program administrators that were not clearly in error were taken as accurate. These data

were then merged with the online data.

The AEJMC Directory lists membership of the Association of Schools of Journalism and Mass

Communication (ASJMC) and accreditation by the Accrediting Council on Education in Journalism and

Mass Communication (ACEJMC). This information was included in the data file. The most complete data

were available for the 113 accredited programs.1 In general, less complete data were available for the 79

schools that are members of ASJMC but not accredited by ACEJMC. The 293 schools without

accreditation or ASJMC membership had the least complete data. In general, these latter schools are

smaller than the accredited or ASJMC-affiliated schools.

These two characteristics--accreditation and ASJMC membership -- serve as ways of

differentiating the 485 journalism and mass communication programs in the population. As was the case in

recent years, these two characteristics were used in 2012 to make projections based on the data reported.

Data from the reporting accredited schools were used to estimate characteristics of the accredited schools

for which there was any missing information. Similarly, statistical means from the nonaccredited ASJMC

schools were used to estimate missing data for similar schools, and data from the nonaccredited schools

not affiliated with ASJMC were used to estimate missing data for those programs. The overall estimates,

then, were based on complete information and best approximations about data not reported.2

-5-

1. Indiana University’s School of Journalism and the journalism program at the Indianapolis Campus ofI.U. are treated as separate programs in this analysis, though they share accreditation.

2. Special thanks are given to the following University of Georgia students who worked on the 2012enrollment survey: Emily Demario, Maura Friedman, Alex Kazragis, Michelle Lanier, Taylor Rooney, SarahTurner and Meg Ward.

Endnotes

A full report of the findings of the 2012 Annual Survey of Journalism &Mass Communication Enrollments will appear in the Winter 2013 issue ofJournalism & Mass Communication Educator. Reports of the enrollmentsurvey have appeared in that publication since 1972. The report andsupplementary tables will be posted to the Annual Survey of Journalism &Mass Communication web site in November. The URL for the site is:www.grady.uga.edu/annualsurveys/.

-6-

1. Undergraduate enrollments

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Bachelor's 137971 145781 138932 141811 133122 128367 128798 129276 137858 141006 149188 150257 168254 171941 182218 190934 193705 195376 196042 199711 201477 200639 204577 203561 197598

Number of schools 394 395 404 414 413 430 430 427 449 450 451 456 462 458 463 463 459 458 472 474 480 483 481 491 485

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

200000

Autumn undergraduate journalism and mass communication enrollments

Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Enrollments

197,595

2. Enrollments by class

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Freshmen 29250 30759 27647 26660 26891 24817 29623 29339 29877 31302 31796 32969 36627 36026 37678 37710 39654 40924 41836 40051 38764 39271 39262 37997 38047

Sophomores 29940 32801 30287 30206 26624 25710 26275 27276 29022 32348 32386 31628 35992 38482 39675 41151 41776 41293 43778 43134 42666 43365 43429 44871 43899

Juniors 39046 40673 39179 40133 37274 35587 34518 33972 38270 37340 41148 41771 46420 47148 51005 53225 53953 53356 51728 55599 56021 55051 56109 55252 54691

Seniors 39735 41548 41819 44812 42333 42253 38382 38689 40689 40016 43858 43889 49215 50285 53860 58848 58322 59803 58701 60928 63026 62952 65777 65442 60961

0500010000150002000025000300003500040000450005000055000600006500070000

Freshmen Sophomores Juniors Seniors

Autumn journalism and mass communication undergraduate enrollments by class

Thousands


3. Graduate enrollments

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Master's 8265 8592 8355 8857 9316 10148 10449 10934 10236 10041 9874 8920 9300 9055 10937 11703 11853 12388 12083 13323 13311 13034 14775 13392 13003

Doctorate 826 923 771 1072 932 1005 1239 957 1162 1148 1267 1123 1416 1186 1345 1512 1545 1395 1516 1608 1581 1623 1725 1798 1887


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Master's

Doctorate

13,003

1,887

Autumn graduate journalism and mass communication enrollments


4. Number of programs

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

0

50

100

150

200

250

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

M.A. Ph.D.

UNDERGRADUATE GRADUATE

Growth in the number of undergraduate and graduate journalism and mass communication programs over the past 22 years


481217

50

5. National undergraduate enrollments

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Counts Projected

Autumn undergraduate enrollments across fields

Thousands

Source: National Center for Education Statistics “Projections of Education Statistics to 2020”Table 27, available at http://nces.ed.gov/programs/projections/projections2021/tables/table_27.asp?referrer=list

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Counts Projected

6. National postbaccalaureate enrollmentsAutumn graduate enrollments across fields

Thousands

Source: National Center for Education Statistics “Projections of Education Statistics to 2021”Table 28, available at http://nces.ed.gov/programs/projections/projections2021/tables.asp

87‐88 88‐89 89‐90 90‐91 91‐92 92‐93 93‐94 94‐95 95‐96 96‐97 97‐98 98‐99 99‐00 00‐01 01‐02 02‐03 03‐04 04‐05 05‐06 06‐07 07‐08 08‐09 09‐10 10‐11 11‐12

Bachelor's 31207 30426 33331 33570 33840 34553 32847 30638 32147 31374 33375 35311 38294 38432 42060 45839 47923 48983 49092 49932 50559 50850 51553 51784 51315


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

55,000

60,000

7. Undergraduate degrees grantedUndergraduate journalism and mass communication degrees granted

51,315


87‐88 88‐89 89‐90 90‐91 91‐92 92‐93 93‐94 94‐95 95‐96 96‐97 97‐98 98‐99 99‐00 00‐01 01‐02 02‐03 03‐04 04‐05 05‐06 06‐07 07‐08 08‐09 09‐10 10‐11 11‐12

Master's 2269 2554 2551 2665 2375 2838 3482 2745 3606 3649 3630 3002 3300 3237 3698 4079 4105 3570 4338 3782 4271 4482 5443 5176 5390

Doctorate 89 100 106 141 121 150 197 110 142 125 200 181 217 165 181 222 211 178 206 158 226 250 246 302 276


0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

5,500

6,000

Master'sDoctorate

8. Graduate degrees grantedGraduate journalism and mass communication degrees granted

5,390

276


9. Bachelor’s degrees across fields

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Count Projected

Undergraduate degrees granted nationally


0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Count Projected


10. Master’s degrees across fieldsMaster’s degrees granted nationally

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

200,000

83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Counts doctoral degreesProjections doctoral degreesCounts doctoral degrees plus M.D., D.D.S., and law degreesProjections doctoral degrees plus M.D., D.D.S., and law degrees

11. Doctoral degrees across fieldsDoctoral degrees granted nationally and doctoral degrees plus most degrees formerly classified as first‐professional

Source: National Center for Education Statistics “Projections of Education Statistics to 2020 & 2021”Table 35, available at http://nces.ed.gov/programs/projections/projections2020/tables.aspTable 35, available at http://nces.ed.gov/programs/projections/projections2021/tables/table_35.asp?referrer=list

1988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012

Journalism 27.7 26.8 28.9 29.6 32.9 33.1 34.0 33.4 28.1 26.2 28.9 27.7 24.7 27.0 30.4 27.9 26.3 28.7 27.5 31.9 29.2 28.3 25.3 27.5 29.3Telecommunications 16.4 10.1 12.6 12.2 13.1 12.1 11.9 10.6 12.0 11.7 11.2 10.4 8.5 9.1 6.2 8.3 7.5 5.9 5.2 4.6 4.9 5.3 4.1 4.9 4.1Advertising 17.2 15.3 15.4 14.0 14.7 13.0 11.1 10.8 10.6 8.7 9.4 9.6 9.1 9.4 9.0 9.9 10.1 8.8 9.6 9.6 9.1 7.5 7.0 6.7 7.8Public Relations 15.6 13.2 14.5 12.4 13.7 13.8 12.6 12.7 12.9 12.1 13.2 13.8 12.4 15.3 18.1 15.5 14.1 12.2 13.9 15.1 14.7 14.4 12.5 10.9 16.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60Journalism Telecommunications

Advertising Public Relations

12. Enrollments by specializationUndergraduate journalism and mass communication enrollments by specialization


Percent

1988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012

Journalism 25.3 26.1 29.0 28.3 28.8 30.7 32.5 31.9 28.1 25.9 30.4 28.3 23.7 28.5 26.1 24.7 24.4 28.6 27.4 33.7 29.2 29.2 28.2 24.7 27.2Telecommunications 17.6 9.9 10.2 8.5 10.9 10.4 11.8 10.6 12.4 12.0 10.5 10.1 8.4 7.8 7.0 7.3 8.4 5.6 5.5 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.0 10.5 4.8Advertising 18.8 21.1 19.5 17.9 17.6 18.1 16.2 14.1 13.8 10.8 12.1 12.8 11.8 13.2 14.1 12.1 13.5 11.7 12.7 13.8 12.5 16.4 10.5 8.2 10.5Public Relations 15.0 14.3 15.1 14.0 16.1 18.1 14.7 13.1 13.8 14.6 15.8 16.3 13.7 17.7 17.7 15.4 17.8 14.6 16.9 18.3 16.5 10.6 16.0 13.2 16.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60Journalism Telecommunications

Advertising Public Relations

13. Degrees by specializationUndergraduate journalism and mass communication degrees granted by specialization


Percent

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Female 60.8 59.6 60.6 60.2 59.3 59.6 59.2 59.7 59.4 61.3 61.3 61.6 62.8 63.4 64.1 64.7 64.9 64.5 63.7 63.2 63.8 63.5 63.5 61.6 64.0Male 39.2 40.4 39.4 39.8 40.7 40.4 40.8 40.3 40.6 38.7 38.7 38.4 37.2 36.6 35.9 35.3 35.1 35.5 36.3 36.8 36.2 36.5 36.5 38.4 36.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

FemaleMale

14. Bachelor’s enrollments ‐ genderBachelor’s journalism and mass communication enrollments by gender


Percent

64.0

36.0

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Female 61.5 60.8 62.7 61.7 62.8 63.3 63.2 63.0 61.1 62.7 63.7 63.3 64.6 67.3 67.2 65.2 65.8 66.5 67.3 66.4 67.4 67.6 67.6 65.7 67.1Male 38.5 39.2 37.3 38.3 37.2 36.7 36.8 37.0 38.9 37.3 36.3 36.7 35.4 32.7 32.8 34.8 34.2 33.5 32.7 33.6 32.6 32.4 32.4 34.3 32.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

FemaleMale

15. Master’s enrollments ‐ gender

32.9

67.1

Master’s journalism and mass communication enrollments by gender


Percent

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Female 44.3 44.6 41.2 44.6 40.1 48.2 50.5 48.6 47.8 54.0 53.2 56.1 53.9 56.6 54.7 56.5 58.0 56.0 58.8 57.8 56.0 58.1 57.1 59.0 58.9Male 55.7 55.4 58.8 55.4 59.9 51.8 49.5 51.4 52.2 46.0 46.8 43.9 46.1 43.4 45.3 43.5 42.0 44.0 41.2 42.4 44.0 41.9 42.9 41.0 41.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

FemaleMale

Percent

58.9

41.1

16. Doctoral enrollments ‐ genderDoctoral journalism and mass communication enrollments by gender


1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Female 61.6 62.0 61.9 62.4 61.7 60.9 59.9 60.5 60.7 59.9 63.0 63.3 62.1 63.2 64.6 65.4 66.1 66.0 67.5 65.1 65.2 66.4 64.8 64.0 65.8Male 38.4 38.0 38.1 37.6 38.3 39.1 40.1 39.5 39.3 40.1 37.0 36.7 37.9 36.8 35.4 34.6 33.9 34.0 32.5 34.9 34.8 33.6 35.2 36.0 34.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

FemaleMale

65.8

34.2

17. Bachelor’s degrees granted ‐ genderUndergraduate journalism and mass communication degrees granted by gender

Percent


1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Female 60.7 61.0 61.3 63.7 62.4 64.3 62.6 65.0 62.3 63.6 61.7 63.0 64.6 64.6 64.2 66.6 68.1 65.1 68.4 67.5 68.2 69.8 67.9 58.5 66.0Male 39.3 39.0 38.7 36.3 37.6 35.7 37.4 35.0 37.7 36.4 38.3 37.0 35.4 35.4 35.8 33.4 31.9 34.9 31.6 32.5 31.8 30.2 32.1 41.5 34.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

FemaleMale

18. Master’s degrees granted ‐ genderMaster’s journalism and mass communication degrees granted by gender

Percent


66.0

34.0

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Female 37.8 38.5 44.0 49.0 43.7 44.7 50.5 38.1 45.8 39.8 52.9 49.4 53.6 48.7 50.3 55.2 54.8 59.1 57.5 57.7 57.8 55.4 62.4 55.3 51.9Male 62.2 61.5 56.0 50.7 56.3 55.3 49.5 61.9 54.2 60.2 47.1 50.6 46.4 51.3 49.7 44.8 45.2 40.9 42.5 42.3 42.2 44.6 37.6 44.7 48.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

FemaleMale

51.9

48.1

19. Doctoral degrees granted ‐ genderDoctoral journalism and mass communication degrees granted by gender

Percent


1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Black 7.9 10.0 10.6 9.4 11.0 13.5 12.6 11.1 12.2 13.5 10.5 12.6 10.0 12.2 13.7 13.4 12.1 9.9 13.6 11.9 13.4 15.4 14.5 14.2 15.0Hispanic 3.3 3.8 4.3 4.2 5.1 5.5 8.1 6.2 6.0 8.5 8.3 8.4 10.2 6.7 6.4 5.9 6.4 10.5 6.8 7.0 7.3 7.0 10.4 10.6 11.0Asian 1.6 1.5 1.8 2.3 2.2 2.6 2.7 3.1 3.4 2.7 2.9 2.4 3.3 3.0 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.0 4.0 3.0 2.8Native American 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 2.0 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.0International 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.3 1.9 2.2 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.5 2.0More than 1 2.8 3.9

0

5

10

15

20Black HispanicAsian Native AmericanInternational

Percent


20. Bachelor’s enrollments – race/ethnicityUndergraduate journalism and mass communication enrollments by racial or ethnic classification

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012


0

5

10

15

20Black HispanicAsian Native AmericanInternational

21. Master’s enrollments – race/ethnicityMaster’s journalism and mass communication enrollments by racial or ethnic classification

Percent


1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Black HispanicAsian Native AmericanInternational

Percent


22. Doctoral enrollments – race/ethnicityDoctoral journalism and mass communication enrollments by racial or ethnic classification

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012


0

5

10

15

20 Black HispanicAsian Native AmericanInternational

23. Bachelor’s degrees – race/ethnicityUndergraduate journalism and mass communication degrees granted by racial or ethnic classification

Percent


1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012


0

5

10

15

20Black Hispanic Asian Native American International

24. Master’s degrees – race/ethnicityMaster’s journalism and mass communication degrees granted by racial or ethnic classification

Percent


1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35 Black HispanicAsian Native AmericanInternational

25. Doctoral degrees – race/ethnicityDoctoral journalism and mass communication degrees granted by racial or ethnic classification

Percent


1988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012

Reports on gender 66.3 65.7 56.9 66.5 59.0 70.1 70.6 61.8 36.8 54.9 54.7 50.8 49.9 53.5 51.0 49.8 48.0 46.1 47.9 39.2 46.5 52.7 46.3 37.1 38.8Reports on race 51.9 54.0 46.9 58.6 51.5 56.7 58.8 48.8 45.5 43.5 43.3 38.4 42.5 44.5 38.9 38.0 41.2 34.4 38.3 31.6 35.8 39.9 37.3 31.0 30.9Reports on sequences 61.6 58.8 57.6 65.4 67.0 63.1 49.6 59.9 54.9 54.9 66.1 53.0 52.1 73.1 79.3 78.8 73.4 51.2 49.4 40.5 52.2 52.1 73.1 65.7 66.0

0

20

40

60

80

100

Reports on gender Reports on race Reports on sequences

26. Reports on student characteristicsPercentage of units reporting on race/ethnicity, gender, and sequence specialization of undergraduate students


1989 1992 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Full‐Time 4,126 4,346 4,457 4,639 4,998 4,845 5,038 4,969 5,410 5,252 5,685 5,891 5,994 5,995 6,350 6,550 6,804 6,725 7,149 7,032 7,446Mean FT/School 10.5 10.5 10.3 10.9 11.1 10.8 11.2 10.9 11.7 11.5 12.3 12.7 13.0 13.1 13.5 13.9 14.2 13.9 14.9 14.3 15.4Part‐Time 3,028 2,889 3,404 3,018 3,468 3,343 3,771 3,663 4,316 4,502 4,618 4,469 4,700 4,736 5,360 5,341 4,979 4,820 5,162 5,690 5,645Mean PT/School 7.7 7.0 7.9 7.1 7.7 7.4 8.4 8.0 9.3 9.8 10.0 9.7 10.2 10.3 11.4 11.3 10.4 10.0 10.7 11.6 11.6N 393 413 431 427 449 450 451 456 462 458 463 463 459 458 472 474 480 483 481 491 485

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000Full‐TimePart‐Time

27. Faculty SizeFaculty size of journalism and mass communication units


447 468 475

556611

558 574541

585654

604

719

535 526 538 558

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1997‐1998 1998‐1999 1999‐2000 2000‐2001 2001‐2002 2002‐2003 2003‐2004 2004‐2005 2005‐2006 2006‐2007 2007‐2008 2008‐2009 2009‐2010 2010‐2011 2011‐2012 2012‐2013

Projection to Population

N=450

N=451

N=456

N=462

N=458

N=463

N=463

N=459

N=458

N=472

N=474

N=480

N=483

N=481

N=491

N=485

28. Hiring of full‐time facultyJournalism and mass communication faculty hiring in full‐time positions; For 1997‐1998 through 2012‐2013


25.9 27.3 27.9 29.531.8 31.0

33.8 32.9

74.1 72.7 72.1 70.568.2 69.0

66.2 67.1

0

20

40

60

80

100

2005 Estimates 2006 Estimates 2007 Estimates 2008 Estimates 2009 Estimates 2010 Estimates 2011 Estimates 2012 Estimates

56 years old and older

55 years old and younger

N=4434 N=4434 N=4723 N=4800 N=4590 N=4936 N=4651 N=4995

N=1561 N=1719 N=1827 N=2004 N=2135 N=2213 N=2381 N=2451

N F‐T Faculty = 5,995N Retired 04‐05 = 149


29. Age of full‐time journalism and mass communication faculty

Percent



N F‐T Faculty = 6,804N Retired 07‐08= 149




N F‐T Faculty = 7446N Retired 11‐12= 194

35.6

55.8

60.7

15.6

12.1

59.8

26.3

55.9

78.0

70.6

29.2

26.5

81.4

43.0

41.0

56.8

60.7

22.4

14.2

62.8

25.7

0 20 40 60 80 100

Hired permanent faculty members in digitalmedia

Hired adjunct faculty in digital media

Sent faculty to digital media training

Gave time off/summer compensation to learndigital media

Used digital media skill as criteria for promotion

Highlighted accomplishments and positiveexamples

Hired technical staff to offer support for digitalmedia

2012 N=183

2011 N=128

2010 N=225

30. Personnel strategies for digital media

Percent yes, at least one in the last year


Research Universities VH14.6%

Research Universities H13.8%

Doctoral Research Univ.9.3%

Master's & Univ. Larger34.0%

Master's & Univ. Medium9.7%

Master's & Univ. Smaller4.1%

Baccalaureate Colleges Arts&Sciences

6.4%

Baccalaureate Colleges Diverse

8.0%

2012

31. Carnegie classification (2010) of journalism and mass communication programs


57.6

33.3

8.3

0.4 0.2 0.2

57.6

32.9

8.6

0.4 0.2 0.2

56.9

32.5

9.4

0.4 0.6 0.2

56.3

33.3

9.1

0.8 0.2 0.2

55.1

33.9

10.0

0.6 0.2 0.2

54.4

34.8

9.6

0.6 0.4 0.2

54.8

34.2

9.7

0.6 0.4 0.20

20

40

60

80

100

Bachelor only Bachelor and master Bachelor, master anddoctorate

Master only Bachelor and doctorate Master and doctorate

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

32. Programs classified by journalism degrees granted

Percent


25.623.1

39.1

31.2

23.720.7

49.9 50.244.6

5456.5

53.2

24.5 26.7

16.3 14.819.8

26.1

0

20

40

60

80

100

2003 N=355 2008 N=255 2009 N=307 2010 N=237 2011 N=278 2012 N=222

Decrease in operating budgetNo changeIncrease in operating budget

33. Changes in operating budgetPercent

Mean +.05% SD 19.1 Mean ‐.23% SD 10.8 Mean ‐1.9% SD 11.5 Mean +.9% SD 14.3 Mean ‐.6% SD 9.2 Mean .48% SD 9.2


28.5

4.4 4.1

62.4

29.1

4.17.3

60.2

24.2

1.84.4

69.6

12.2

2.7 3.1

82.0

11.2

3.6 3.1

82.1

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

Faculty+Staff Faculty only Staff only No freeze

2008 N=295 2009 N=344 2010 N=273 2011 N=256 2012 N=224

34. Hiring freeze at universityIs there a hiring freeze at your university?

Percent Yes


14.111.7

5.4

9.37.2

5.1

11.914.1

7.1

12.2

5.2

15.7

8.9

2.7

9.6 9.811.0 11.0

13.114.6

7.5

11.9

9.6 9.4 9.5

11.8

10.7

8.2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

0

10

20

30

40

50

1996 2003 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Accredited

Not accredited but ASJMC

Not accredited not ASJMC

Total

35. Merger of programsAdministrators who reported serious discussion about combining their program with another

Percent


Dual axis chart

5.3

1.00.0

1.0 1.22.6

1.30.0

1.2 2.0

5.3

7.8

2.20.0

3.21.9 1.4 1.7

2.9 2.3 2.8

3.0

1.5

1.0

2.1

3.3

2.4

1.8

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

1996 2003 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Accredited

Not accredited but ASJMC

Not accredited not ASJMC

Total

36. Elimination of programsAdministrators who reported serious discussion about eliminating their program

Percent


Dual axis chart

64.6

35.4

71.9

28.1

74.6

25.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Yes, share or collaborate No

2010 2011 2012

37. Sharing a program or collaborating on curriculum with other academic units

Administrators who reported they shared a program or collaborated with other academic units

Percent


82.9

89.8

77

85.5

80.3

82.9

86.2

29.3

79.2

92.4

77.2

87.2

77.2

83.2

88

22.8

89.5

96.1

89.2

95.7

88.2

90

92.7

49.4

79.8

89.4

80.7

86.7

78.9

84.9

89.0

22.5

0 20 40 60 80 100

Web layout and design

Writing for the web

Editing for the web

Using the web in reporting

Using graphics on the web

Using audio on the web

Using video on the web

Using animating on the web

2012‐2013

2011‐2012

2010‐2011

2009‐2010

38. Skills taught in curricula ITypes of skills now being taught in journalism and mass communication curricula

Percent


21.1

23

31.9

24

25

35.2

76.3

25.7

22.4

22.8

33.6

30.8

30.8

28.4

80

30

47.2

48.8

59.8

60

56.6

54.2

90.7

55.1

34.9

31.7

42.2

41.5

46.1

32.7

78.3

41.5

0 20 40 60 80 100

Entrepreneurial "start‐up" skills

Management skills for online or web publishing

Optimizing web sites for search engines

Driving traffic to web sites

Assessing web analytics

Using citizen/audience produced content

Creating and using blogs

Creating content for mobile devices

2012‐2013

2011‐2012

2010‐2011

2009‐2010

39. Skills taught in curricula IITypes of skills now being taught in journalism and mass communication curricula

Percent


78

39.8

24.7

72.4

86.2

64.8

70.1

82.4

42.8

24.4

71.6

84.8

60

71.6

94.3

62.4

50.3

88.5

92.4

78.4

84.2

86.6

48.4

29.0

76.0

84.9

66.1

78.0

0 20 40 60 80 100

Using social media

Creating advertising for the web

Selling advertising for the web

Using the web in public relations

Using still photos on the web

Using slide shows on the web

Digital storytelling

2012‐2013

2011‐2012

2010‐2011

2009‐2010

40. Skills taught in curricula IIITypes of skills now being taught in journalism and mass communication curricula

Percent


81.3

18.7

78.8

21.2

80.1

19.9

0

20

40

60

80

100

Yes, have made changes No, have not

2010 N=246

2011 N=245

2012 N=211

41. Made changes in the curriculumAdministrators who answered if they made changes in their curricula

Percent


42. What changes did they make in the curriculum

• Added multi‐media courses“Broadened courses to include multi‐media.”“Multi‐media moved to an advanced study in our curriculum.”

• Added social media courses“Created a new course: Making Sense of Social Media.”“Social media courses at graduate and undergraduate level.”

• Merged journalism curricula“Merged and integrated broadcasting and journalism curriculum.”“Realigned Journalism curriculum to merge print and broadcast.”

• Created strategic communication specializations

“Total redesign of our strategic communication undergraduate (advertising, PR, corporate/advocacy/nonprofit communication) curriculum.”“Converted PR and advertising courses to strategic communication courses.”

43.7

17.1

39.2

0

20

40

60

80

100

No obstacles to curricular changeexist

Obstacles exist, but I have notfound any effective means to

overcome them

Obstacles exist, but I foundeffective means to overcome them

42. Obstacles to curricular changePercent


44. What obstacles did they face

• Limited resources for new hires and technology courses

“Budget/Resources at department/college level.”“Financial restraints regarding hiring qualified faculty.”

• Reluctance of faculty to change“Faculty hired before 1990 resistant to updating course content.”“Senior faculty who are reluctant to make major changes to curriculum in their areas.”

• Need to hire“Not having enough faculty to support curricular changes.”“The lack of faculty members to teach the required communication courses.”

• Bureaucracy“Bureaucracy at the College and University level (Academic Affairs).”“Inability to unilaterally approve course without going through the College of Arts and Sciences curriculum committee.”

14.2

85.8

7.2

92.8

0

20

40

60

80

100

No Yes

2011 N=240 2012 N=209

43. Program assessmentQ 2011: Do you have in place any formal program for assessing the impact of your curriculum on your students?Q 2012: What formal or informal mechanism, if any, do you have in place to evaluate your curricular offerings?Percent


46. What mechanisms they had to evaluate their curricular offerings

• Annual or multi‐year assessment“Annual assessment of learning outcomes.”“4 year assessment plan: all outcomes specific to JAMC curriculum.”

• Curriculum Committee“Curriculum Committee composed of faculty to review course offerings.”“Curriculum Committee & Chair review enrollments and changing program needs.”

• Student evaluation“Student exit surveys. Teacher/course evaluations. Senior portfolio class.”“Student faculty/curriculum survey of courses taken with instructor.”

• Other strategies“Conducted focus groups.”“Portfolio review; advisory boards; embedded assessment; internship evaluations.”“We have outside professionals who evaluate senior portfolios.”

2012 annual survey of journalism mass communication … · 2019-09-03 · journalism and mass...

Documents