2003 busan ap*retreat meeting internet history - japan aug. 28, 2003 kazunori konishi draft

2003 Busan AP*Retreat Meetin

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Internet History - Japan

Aug. 28, 2003

Kazunori Konishi

Draft


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Objectives

(1) Recording of the Pioneers’ efforts

(2) Study on technical trend for investing the resources.

(3) Lessons Learned from the History for the new problems; human nature will not change, though political or technical environments might face the big changes. =>> “Grass roots activities” should be based on human nature; ex. AP* activities.


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Big Picture in JapanNetwork/

Protocol

Equipment/Device

Open Source

RFC Carrier

1970 Original Protocol

(intel CPU) monopoly

1980 OSI,

UUCP => IP

OSI,

UUCP GW

1990 Commercial,

APAN, IPv6

LaptopPC,

i-mode

ALTQ

IPv6

DVTS

Char Sets,

MPLS, HDLC over SONET, FAX

Sticked to, but finally gave up OSI

2000 Lambda network

HDTV RTP-MPEG4,

RTP-DV, Wireless

Over provision


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alohanet

uucp bitnet wide sinet apan future

year 1980 1985 1985 1989 1992 1998 2004?

JP tohoku-u

kddlab sut keio nii jst/staGov/WIDE

US hawaiiseismo

cunyhawaii/nsf

sprint iu/nsfGov/Donation

circuitNASA/kdd

kddlab ibmcompanies

monbu/gov

jp/us gov

jp/us gov/Donation

comments

req by mpt

volunteer

1st leased circuit

OSI by gov

computer centers

1st transit service

10G lambda

History of International Networks


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ALOHAnet(1980)

• Lead by Professor Norman Abramson @ U-Hawaii : origin of Ethernet• Coordinated at Pacific Telecom- munications Council(PTC)• Professor Oizumi @ Tohoku-U joined the network.• NASA(KDD) donated the satellite circuit, recomme

nded by MPT• KDD was rich, with the monopoly & high cost of th

e services.


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UUCPnet/Usenet(1985)

• Operated by KDD Labs. on a volunteer basis.• PSTN & PSDN were used.• The partners became commercialized later on: U

Unet, Eunet.• “Membership” allowed the operation over the pu

blic networks, without any license.• Limited resources were allocated, because OSI

was promising in those days.


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BITNET(1985)

• IBM donated the circuit & equipments, promoting SNA.

• Science University of Tokyo(SUT) organized private universities.

• The US power enabled to use the leased circuit without any license.


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WIDE(1989)• Jun Murai organized the large number of engineers at commercial companies & universities. (Murai had organized UUCP domestic network “JUNET”)• U-Hawaii’s PACCOM project organized AP regional net

works.• Governments were still persistent in OSI, though they k

new OSI was being defeated. (US Gov. also declared the adoption of OSI products)

• Industries & Universities required the “illegal?” activities of WIDE.


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SINET(1992)

• Government was forced to adopt TCP/IP in addition to OSI.

• OSI was the primary protocol for a while.• The big budget enabled the large membership.• A Ministry can use the leased circuit without any

license; not hierarchy among governments.• Government is not so flexible.


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AI3 Network (1995)


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APAN(1998)

• NSF required the transit services over TransPAC link.• The owners of point-to-point links started t

he collaborated operations.• AP Regional networks were developed wi

th a hub in Tokyo.• The institutions with advanced research p

rojects are allowed to use TransPAC link.


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Over Provisioning of the bandwidth

Cable in Asia Wide

Bandwidth Owners

C2C 7.68 Tbps SingTel

APCN2 2.56 Tbps Many carriers

EAC 2.56 Tbps China Netcom

Demand in Asia is roughly 10 Gbps now.

Issue: How can we bridge the gap? Healthy business of telecom carriers should be protected.


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Number of RFCs by Japanese

Year Number1993 2

1994 0

1995 1

1996 1

1997 10

1998 3

1999 0

2000 8

2001 12

2001 6

2003 5

2003 busan ap*retreat meeting internet history - japan aug. 28, 2003 kazunori konishi draft

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