2002 gas-lift workshop petrobras - petróleo brasileiro s.a. gas-lift automation: pilot project...
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2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
PETROBRAS - Petróleo Brasileiro S.A.PETROBRAS - Petróleo Brasileiro S.A.
Gas-lift Automation: Pilot ProjectGas-lift Automation: Pilot Project
Edson Henrique Bolonhini
PETROBRAS - UN-RNCE
Galileu Paulo Henke Alves de Oliveira
PETROBRAS - UN-BC
HOUSTON - FEBRUARY, 2002HOUSTON - FEBRUARY, 2002
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Gas-lift automation - TARGETS
• GUIDELINESGUIDELINES– control Pwf (bottom hole
flowing pressure)– action over Pcas (wellhead
casing pressure)
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Gas-lift automation - TARGETS (cont.)
• OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES– to get the minimum Pwfminimum Pwf by
controlling Pcas– to observe the well delay timedelay time
after a change in Pcas– to verify the adequacy of a
PIDPID controller for Pcas– to verify the adequacy and
controllability of globe valvesglobe valves for lift-gas injection
– to observe the effects of ambient temperatureambient temperature on Pwf
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Hardware
• InstrumentsInstruments
– bottom hole pressure transmitter– wellhead flowing pressure transmitter– gas-lift supply pressure transmitter– gas-lift rate transmitter– gas-lift control valve– ambient temperature transmitter– data acquisition and control module
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Tubing: Ø 2 3/8” Casing: Ø 5 1/2”
Depth: 1500 m
Gas-lift valves: Ø 1/8”2 IPO
1 venturi
Liquid flowrate: 25
m3/dGOR: 130
BSW: 35 %
Bottom hole pressure and temperature transmitter: 1500 psi /
100 °C
The well
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Instruments
Radio and data acquisition and
PID control
Control valve
globe Ø ¾”
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Monitoring
Supervision and control room
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Results
Data obtained from Dec/2001 until Jan/2002Data obtained from Dec/2001 until Jan/2002
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Hora da Aquisição09:00:0008:00:0007:00:0006:00:0005:00:0004:00:0003:00:0002:00:0001:00:0000:00:0023:00:0022:00:0021:00:0020:00:0019:00:0018:00:0017:00:0016:00:0015:00:00
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8
6
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2
0
Oscillation
Heading
Flow regime effects on Pwf
Tubing head pressure [kgf/cm2]Ambient temperature [oC]Control valve Opening [%]Gas-lift injection rate [Mm3/d]
Casing head pressure [kgf/cm2]Gas-lift injection pressure [kgf/cm2]Bottom hole pressure [kgf/cm2]
PID controller under manual operation
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Hora da Aquisição00:00:0022:00:0020:00:0018:00:0016:00:0014:00:0012:00:0010:00:0008:00:0006:00:0004:00:0002:00:0000:00:0022:00:0020:00:0018:00:0016:00:0014:00:0012:00:0010:00:00
60
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34
32
30
28
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2
0
Ambient temperature effects on Pwf
Tubing head pressure [kgf/cm2]Ambient temperature [oC]Control valve Opening [%]Gas-lift injection rate [Mm3/d]
Casing head pressure [kgf/cm2]Gas-lift injection pressure [kgf/cm2]Bottom hole pressure [kgf/cm2]
PID controller under manual operation
Night Day
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Hora da Aquisição06:00:0000:00:0018:00:0012:00:0006:00:0000:00:0018:00:0012:00:00
60
58
56
54
52
50
48
46
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42
40
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36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
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10
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6
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2
0
Tubing head pressure [kgf/cm2]Ambient temperature [oC]Control valve Opening [%]Gas-lift injection rate [Mm3/d]
Casing head pressure [kgf/cm2]Gas-lift injection pressure [kgf/cm2]Bottom hole pressure [kgf/cm2]
Casing pressure set point [kgf/cm2]
PID control on casing pressure
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Hora da Aquisição06:00:0004:00:0002:00:0000:00:0022:00:0020:00:0018:00:0016:00:0014:00:0012:00:0010:00:0008:00:0006:00:00
100
95
90
85
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75
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65
60
55
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40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Automatic reactivation - Pwf > 53 kgf/cm2
Tubing head pressure [kgf/cm2]Ambient temperature [oC]Control valve Opening [%]Gas-lift injection rate [Mm3/d]
Casing head pressure [kgf/cm2]Gas-lift injection pressure [kgf/cm2]Bottom hole pressure [kgf/cm2]
Casing pressure set point [kgf/cm2]
PID action
Gas compressor shutdown
Gas compressor start-up
Reactivation algorithm
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Hora da Aquisição06:00:0000:00:0018:00:0012:00:0006:00:0000:00:0018:00:0012:00:0006:00:0000:00:00
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Tubing head pressure [kgf/cm2]Ambient temperature [oC]Control valve Opening [%]Gas-lift injection rate [Mm3/d]
Casing head pressure [kgf/cm2]Gas-lift injection pressure [kgf/cm2]Bottom hole pressure [kgf/cm2]
PID controller under manual operation
Condensate effects on Pwf
Reactivation algorithm Pwf > 53 kgf/cm2
Injecting gas throughthe 2nd GLV
Circulating liquidthrough Venturi GLV
Rain
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
Final remarks
– It is possible to control the Pwf behaviour through the proposed approach
– PID controller-globe valve assembly showed to be efficient and beneficial
– Ambient temperature has effect on the well behavior and it shows the importance of a dynamic injection control
– The experiment allowed us to evaluate the system response with time
– A global control algorithm should consider the conditioning of Pwf signal and its tendency
• ConclusionsConclusions
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP2002 GAS-LIFT WORKSHOP
PETROBRAS - Petróleo Brasileiro S.A.PETROBRAS - Petróleo Brasileiro S.A.
Gas-lift Automation: Pilot ProjectGas-lift Automation: Pilot Project
Edson Henrique Bolonhini
PETROBRAS - UN-RNCE
Galileu Paulo Henke Alves de Oliveira
PETROBRAS - UN-BC
HOUSTON - FEBRUARY, 2002HOUSTON - FEBRUARY, 2002