2 door closer, are you? unit 6 section a foreigh language teaching and research press air force...

2

Door closer, are you?

Door closer, are you?Unit 6 Section AUnit 6 Section A

FOREIGH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY

Besides the noble art of getting things done, there is the noble art of leaving things undone. The wisdom of life consists in the elimination of non-essentials. — Lin Yutang (Chinese writer)

You have succeeded in life when all you really want is only what you really need. — Vernon Howard (American writer)

2

6UNIT Less is more

6UNIT

Section A

2

Objectives

To talk about whether more is better than less

To further understand the text

To apply the phrases and patterns

To master the cause-effect writing skill

Less is more?



Contents

6UNIT

Warming-up Activities

Text Study

Language Application

Summary

Door c loser , a re you?


6UNIT

Warming-up Activities

Lead-in

Pre-reading Activities

Cultural Background



1. As far as choices in our daily life are concerned, have you ever been troubled with such dilemma: to keep all or to give up some?

Just as all people have to make decisions in their everyday lives, college students are always faced with the dilemma of making right choices. Faced with an abundance of options to choose from, they can’t bear the pain to lose any opportunity and have a strong desire to keep all the options open. They try to avoid such an emotional loss, and would rather pay the high cost to keep all the doors of opportunity open.

2. What is the proper way to deal with this dilemma? Is more always better than less?

Evidences show that people feel less happy and more depressed when given an overabundance of choice. The tendency to keep all our doors of choices open might have damaged our life, and we can get greater pleasure and more satisfaction by focusing our energy and attention on fewer options and things. More is not necessarily better in life. We should close some doors in order to allow for the right windows of opportunity and happiness to open.

Task1. Listen to a talk about why people are often irrational. Based on what you hear, match the questions with the answers by placing a letter next to the number.

1 ( ) According to the speaker, how can people behave in a rational way? 2 ( ) What are the consequences of people’s irrational behavior? 3 ( ) What has MIT Professor Ariely discovered? 4 ( ) What is the example in the talk regarding irrational behavior? 5 ( ) What does the speaker say about this irrational behavior?

Task1. Listen to a talk about why people are often irrational. Based on what you hear, match the questions with the answers by placing a letternext to the number.

A People tend to behave irrationally in a predictable fashion.B People should act according to logic and reason required in a situation.C It causes problems to themselves as well as to others. D He doesn’t think this irrational behavior is always intentional.E If a person knows someone suffers from a disease, he will feel he suffers from the same disease.

Task1. Listen to a talk about why people are often irrational. Based on what you hear, match the questions with the answers by placing a letternext to the number.

1 ( ) According to the speaker, how can people behave in a rational way? 2 ( ) What are the consequences of people’s irrational behavior? 3 ( ) What has MIT Professor Ariely discovered? 4 ( ) What is the example in the talk regarding irrational behavior? 5 ( ) What does the speaker say about this irrational behavior?

B

C

AE

D

1. In your opinion, what is an irrational behavior? Give some examples.

It is an action or opinion based on inadequate use of reason and logic:

•Once a price is established in their minds, they will compare other similar items with this price• Buy products they don’t need just because they get something for free in the transaction.• Do something just because some other people are doing the same thing.

Task 2:Listen to the talk again and answer the two questions

2. What do you think may cause people’s irrational behavior?

•Ignorance — People can be totally unaware of a situation before forming their own views and judgments. •Emotions — People take offense or get angry before the situation actually occurs. •Stress — It creates feeling of anger, irritation and frustration. •Blind beliefs —They are too conscious about society and its reactions to them.

Task 2: Listen to the talk again and answer the two questions

Sometimes two things are to be done at the same time, both _________ your attention. you can only take up one of them, the other has to wait or be given up. But you know the future is _____________—the changed situation may not allow you to do what is left behind. Thus you are caught in a fix and feel sad. How come that nice opportunities and ___________ should gather around all at once.

Listen to a short passage named “Another door” and fill in the missing information.

deserving

unpredictable

To be continued

brilliant ideas

It may happen that your life changes

___________ on your preference of one

alternative to the other. In fact that is what

life is like: we are often faced with the two

opposite aspects of a thing which are

both__________ like newspaper cutting. It

often occurs that our attention is drawn to

one thing only after we are _________

another.

dramatically

desirable

To be continued

engaged in


The former and the latter give rise to a divided mind. I still remember a philosopher's _______ "When one door shuts, another opens in life."So a ______or passive choice may not be a bad one. Whatever we do in our lifetime, wherever life' storm ______ us, there must be something we can achieve,

remarks

casual

To be continued

tosses


some shore we can land, which opens up

new vistas to us. Don't forget God always

keeps an _____________ open for every

one. While the front door is closed, there

must be another open for you.

alternative door


Questions Previewing

1.What do you know about Dan Ariely?

2. How much do you know about Xiang Yu and the Battle of Julu?

Tips

Tips

Dan Ariely, American economist and psychologist, wrote a book in 2008 entitled Predictably Irrational( 可预见的非理性 ): The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions. In the book he challenges readers’ assumptions about making decisions based on rational thought. He explains, “My goal, is to help you fundamentally rethink what makes you and the people around you tick.”

1.What do you know about Dan Ariely?

Xiang Yu was a prominent military leader and political figure during the late Qin Dynasty. In about 207 BC, Xiang Yu led the Chu rebel forces to victory at the Battle of Julu ( 巨鹿之战 ) against the Qin armies. The battle marked the decline of Qin’s military power. They finally beat the Qin army. The Battle of Julu was of crucial importance in overthrowing the Qin dynasty, and it has been known as the battle of “Smashing the Cauldrons and Sinking the Boats” ( 破釜沉舟 ).

2. How much do you know about Xiang Yu and the Battle of Julu?

Main Idea & Structure

Language Focus

Critical Thinking

Text Study

6UNIT



rival options

The text starts with a question about what Xiang Yu, a Chinese imperial general, would do when facing ___________.(Para.1)

Tips

Why did General Xiang Yu order his troops to crush their cooking pots and burn their sailing ships when crossing the Zhang River?(Para.3)

Tips •to impose on his troops a necessary sacrifice

to achieve victory over their opponents.

•to inspire the soldiers be more determined and concentrated on the battles.

Part I introduces a story of closing doors to open ___________________ about Xiang Yu. Facing choices of rival options, he made an unusual decision - ordering his troops to crush cooking pots and burn their sailing ships. By doing this, he closed the door for retreating from the enemy’s territory but opened the window for ______________.

Part I — (Paras. 1- __)3

windows of opportunity

winning the battle

According to Dr. Ariely’s book, Predictably Irrational, what might be a weakness of human beings? (Para.4)

TipsHis experiment shows that people just couldn’t bear to see their options vanish though they knew it would benefit them to let go.

Part I serves as a transition from the ancient story of Xiang Yu to the __________ of the students at MIT. Through conducting an experiment on human’s_____________ , Dr. Ariely found that people just couldn’t bear to see their options vanish though they knew it would benefit them to let go.

Part II — (Para. 4)

modern story

irrational behavior

What’s the significance of doing the experiments? (Para.5)

TipsThe experiment enabled people to see why it’s always so hard for them to say “NO” to any opportunity that came to them. In everyday life, people just give excuses to keep options open.

What’s the winning strategy when playing the computer game? (Para.6)

Students should quickly check all the doors and keep clicking on the one with the highest cash. They should absolutely ignore the vanishing doors.

Tips

How did students loss money because of their irrational efforts to keep the vanishing doors open? (Para.7)

In the game, any door left un-clicked for a short while would vanish. Instead of ignoring the vanishing doors, the students rushed to click on them before they vanished, so they lost money in the end.

Tips

Why are the corresponding costs often less obvious in life than in the experiments?(Paras.8-9)

Because in life the doors are closing slowly, not like the ones on the computer in the experiment, so people don’t really see the opportunities actually vanishing away little by little.

Tips

Part III mainly focuses on the experiment conducted by Dr. Ariely. He first explains the ___________________ of the experiment, and the process of the students _________. Then he points out the real cause of the students’________________. Finally he emphasizes that in life the doors are actually closing slowly and we don’t see the future _____________.

Part III — (Paras. 5- __)9

purpose and significancelosing money

irrational behavior

vanishing away

In the text, what does Dr. Ariely suggest in

order to balance our life? (Paras.10-12)

Tips

People should:•prohibit overbooking,•reduce options, •delegate tasks to others, •give away ideas to others to pursue.

Part IV— (Paras. 10-12)

Part IV suggests how we can balance our lives by reducing ________________. such as prohibition of overbooking , trying to lessen the load, remembering the lessons of ____________ like Xiang Yu, and keeping those activities _______________.

unnecessary options

door closersenriching our lives

What is the message the author wants to

send out from this text? (Paras.13-14)

Tips

People can obtain pleasure and

satisfaction by focusing their energy and

attention in a more concentrated fashion.

They will have more with fewer but

carefully chosen options.

Part V — (Paras. 13-14)

Part III concludes the essay, and meanwhile it raises the question if ___________________ . We should close certain doors in order to allow the right windows of opportunity and happiness to open.

more is better than less

The story of closing doors to open

windows of opportunity about Xiang Yu

serves as a good example illustrating the

point that when we close doors, we open

windows of opportunity. The experiment

conducted by Dr. Ariely also proves that

in life, we should close certain doors in

order to allow the right windows of

opportunity and happiness to open.

Main Idea of the Text

When facing choices of rival options, think about what Xiang Yu would do. (Para. 1)

Xiang Yu ordered his troops' cooking pots crushed and their sailing ships burned after taking his troops across a river to raid the enemy. (Para. 2)

Xiang Yu explained that his decision was a necessity to attain the victory. But his unusual decision would be validated on his battlefield and in modern social science research. (Para. 3)

Introduction to Xiang Yu’s story of closing doors to open windows of opportunity

This example from ancient times leads to the experiment at MIT where Dr. Ariely teaches behavioral economics. The experiment showed that students couldn’t bear to see their options vanish, even though it was clear they would profit from doing so. (Para. 4)

Transitional paragraph

Introduction to Xiang Yu’s story of closing doors to open windows of opportunity

Introduction to Xiang Yu’s story

Transitional paragraph

Body: the experiment by Dr. Ariely


It’s an experiment about computer game which eliminated the excuses for letting go. (Para. 5)

The rule of the game was the more money they earned, the better player they were. (Para. 6)

how they lost money because of the irrational efforts to keep the vanishing doors open. (Para. 7)

Dr. Ariely points out the real cause of the students’ irrational behavior.(Paras. 8-9)

Introduction to Xiang Yu’s story

Transition

Dr. Ariely’s suggestions


Implement more prohibitions on overbooking and reduce options on our own. (Para. 10)Reduce the load and remember the lessons of door closers like Xiang Yu. (Para. 11)Only keep the choices that actually enrich our lives. (Para. 12)

Introduction to Xiang Yu’s storyTransition

Dr. Ariely’s suggestionsBody: the experiment byDr. Ariely

conclusion

We should close certain doors in order to allow the right windows of opportunity and happiness to open. (Paras. 13-14)

Door closer, are you?When faced with ____ options, XiangYu proved to a wonderful decision-maker. He took his troops making a _____ into enemy territory. To his troops’___________, he ordered their cooking pots crushed and their sailing ships burned, which gave his troops only one _______: to win the battle.The battle turned out to be a great success on his side.

To be continued

rival

raid astonishment

option

This story indicates that while closing the door for doing something, people may open the _______ for achieving something more significant. Through conducting an experiment on human’s ________ behavior, Dr. Ariely, found that many students in his experiment just couldn’t bear to see their options _______ though they knew it would benefit them to ______. He then emphasizes that in life the doors are actually closing slowly and we don’t see the future vanishing away. To be continued

window

irrational

vanish let go

To solve this problem, people can balance their lives by reducing ___________options on their own and keeping those activities that will actually enrich their lives. To conclude, we should close certain doors in order to allow the right windows of _______________________ to open. opportunity and happiness

unnecessary

Practical Phrases Specific Meanings1. impose sth. on sb. 将…强加于2. be featured in 被特写；在…中专题介绍3. be attached to sth. / sb. 喜欢（依恋）某物或某人4. revolve around 围绕；以…为主题5. pay a big price 花很大代价6. come in handy 派上用场7. be measured in sth. 用某事来衡量

将…强加于

(generation gap / make things worse)

To bridge the generation gap, parents should

never impose their personal views on their

children, which may make things even worse.

impose sth. on sb.短语逆译

短语应用为了消除代沟，父母不应该将自己的观点强加给孩子，这样会使事情更糟。意群提示

被特写；在…中专题介绍

(heroic deed / enlighten people)

His heroic deed was featured in the first page of yesterday’s newspaper, which enlightened many people.

be featured in 短语逆译

短语应用他的英雄事迹在昨天的报纸头版专题介绍，让很多人受到了启发。意群提示

喜欢（依恋）某物或某人

(from between her lips)

The bird got so attached to her that it would take food from between her lips.

be attached to sth. / sb.

短语逆译

短语应用鸟是如此依恋她，以致于它会从她的双唇间获取实物。意群提示

围绕；以…为主题

(take it for granted that)

Some people are very selfish and take it for granted that the whole world revolves around them.

revolve around短语逆译

短语应用一些人很自私，想当然地认为整个世界都以他们为中心。

意群提示

花很大代价

(pay an even bigger price ) Xiang Yu paid a big price when he burned his ships, but he could have paid an even bigger price if all of his men had died in the battle.

pay a big price短语逆译

短语应用当项羽烧毁他的船只时，他付出了巨大的代价；但如果他的士兵都死在战斗中，他可能会付出更大的代价。意群提示

派上用场

(turn a deaf ear to / start your own business)

Don’t turn a deaf ear to his advice, for what he said may come in handy someday when you start your own business.

come in handy短语逆译

短语应用对他的建议，不要置若罔闻，将来某一天当你自己经营时，也许会派上用场。意群提示

用某事来衡量

(lose your self-confidence/wisdom)

Never lose your self-confidence. The real power a person is not measured in his size but in his wisdom.

短语逆译

短语应用永远不要丧失信心。一个人真正的强大不是用他的身体而是他的智慧来衡量。意群提示

be measured in sth.

Functional Patterns Functions & Usages

1. The next time sb. is doing sth, ask oneself the question: …

用于表达“某种情景下某人应该反思”。

2. Sb. or sth. is a rare exception to sb.else, who / that…

用于表达“某人或某物与众不同”。

3. Sb. would probably protest that…, but according to sb. else, that isn’t the true factor.

用于表达“对某种观点或分析的否定”。

下次你要在两个难于取舍的、主要的和次要的选择之间做决定时，不妨问自己这样一个问题：项羽会怎么做？

原句译文

逆译练习The next time you’re deciding between rival options, one which is primary and the other which is secondary, ask yourself this question: What would Xiang Yu do? （ Line 1, Para.1 ）

句型提炼

The next time sb. is doing sth, ask oneself the question: …

句型提炼

应用提示用于表达“某种情景下某人应该反思”。

句型应用

(complain about / in return)

典型例句下次你要在抱怨他人，认为他们对你不友好时，不妨问自己这样一个问题：你平常对他们如何？

群提示

The next time you are complaining about others, who seem to be unfriendly to you, ask yourself the question: How do you often treat them in return?

对墨守陈规的人来说，项羽将军是一个罕见的异于常人的人，他是一位资深的首领，由于他征战无数并达到了成功的顶峰，他深受尊敬。

原句译文

逆译练习General Xiang Yu was a rare exception to the norm, a veteran leader who was highly respected for his so many conquests and who achieved the summit of success. （ Line 5, Para.3 ）句型提炼

Sb. or sth. is a rare exception to sb. else, who / that…

句型提炼

应用提示

用于表达 “某人或某物与众不同”。

句型应用

(innovative leader / think critically )

典型例句对很多普通人来说，乔布斯是一个罕见的异于常人的人，他是一位创新型的领导。他不仅能够批判性思维，而且努力探索新领域。

意群提示

Jobs was a rare exception to many ordinary people, an innovative leader who was thinking critically and who endeavored to explore new areas.

他们可能会争辩说，他们抓住这些门是为将来多留一些机会。但是，据阿雷利博士说，这不是真正的原因。

原句译文

逆译练习

They would probably protest that they were clinging to the doors to keep future options open, but, according to Dr. Ariely, that isn’t the true factor. （ Line 6, Para.7 ）

句型提炼

Sb. would probably protest that…, but according to sb. else, that isn’t the true factor.

句型提炼

应用提示


句型应用

(corporal punishment / for the sake of)

典型例句他们可能会争辩说，学校体罚孩子是为他们将来的成长。但是，据调查组说，这不是真正的原因。意群提示

They would probably protest that they practiced corporal punishment at schools for the sake of the children’s future growth, but, according to investigation group, that isn’t the true factor.

a. “Closing a door on an

option is experienced as a

loss, and people are

willing to pay a big price to

avoid the emotion of loss,”

Dr. Ariely says. (Para.8,

L3)

阿雷利博士说 : “每闭上

一扇选择之门就如同感受了一次惩罚，人们宁愿付

出很大的代价，也要避免情感的失落。

b. Sometimes these

doors are closing too

slowly for us to see

them vanishing.

(Para.9, L1)

有时候，门是慢慢关闭的，我们没有看到未来

的机会在悄然消失。

c. We are naturally prejudiced

to believe that more is better,

but Dr. Ariely’s research

provides a dose of reality that

strongly suggests otherwise.

(Para.12, L2)

我们很自然、很偏执地相信选择越多越好，但阿雷利博士的研究却强有力地告诉我们事实并非如此。

1.In what way is General Xiang Yu’s order similar to Dr. Ariely’s experiments?

2. In reality, why are people reluctant to see their options vanish?

3. How do you understand the English saying “Less is more”?

Tips

Tips

Tips

●Both consequences are surprising.

●Both have to do with strategies.

●Both focus on human’s mentality.

1.In what way is General Xiang Yu’s order similar to Dr. Ariely’s experiments?

●Afraid of losing potential opportunities.

●Too greedy and too ambitious.

●Overconfident about their real capacity.

●More choices, better chances.

2. In reality, why are people reluctant to see their options vanish?

●More options, less focused concentration.

●More choices, worse quality.

●Everything has two sides.

●Too much greed ends up with nothing.

3. How do you understand the English saying “Less is more”?

Q1: What should you do when you have arrived “there” but still feel dissatisfied ?

Listen to a essay entitled “There” is no better than “here” and discuss on the following questions.

Tips

Q2: What message do you get from this listening ?

Tips

You should keep a clear mind and learn to be thankful for and appreciative of what you have and where you are on your path right now. By learning the lessons of gratitude and abundance, you can bring yourself closer to the enjoyment of your life right now.

Q1: What should you do when you have arrived “there” but still feel dissatisfied ?

•We should have the consciousness of appreciating for all that we have right now, so that we may live more joyously in our present moment.

Q2: What message do you get from this listening?

•True abundance comes not from amassing, but rather from appreciating.

•A contented mind is the greatest blessing a man can enjoy in the world.

Tell the story “Smashing the Cauldrons and Sinking the Boats” ( 破釜沉舟 ) to your classmates and discuss its message.

In the late years of the Qin Dynasty (秦朝 ,221 - 206BC), Xiang Yu ( 项羽 ) launched a rebellion. After crossing the Zhang River (漳河 ), Xiang Yu ordered his soldiers to sink all the boats and break their cooking pots, leaving only a three-day supply of food for each soldier. He warned them that there was no way to retreat; the only thing they could do to survive was to advance and fight. Xiang Yu’s boat burning strategy gave his men no choice but to go forward to fight with skill and passion. After nine furious war, the Qin army was finally defeated.

Tell the story “Smashing the Cauldrons and Sinking the Boats” ( 破釜沉舟 ) to your classmates and discuss its message.

•In the desperate condition, Xiang Yu gave his troops only one option: to win the battle rather than die in the battle.

•The high level of intelligence in his strong belief would prove to be correct on the battlefield as well as in modern social science research. •We should learn to think logically and make rational decisions when facing painful choices in our life.

6UNIT

Language Application

Writing Devices

Essay Writing

Paragraph Translation



How to write a cause-and-effect essay

When we analyze causes, we are attempting to understand the relationship of events that brought about an outcome. Similarly, when analyzing effects, we consider the results of something. When a problem arises, we start to examine the causes for it. Likewise, we try to analyze results or effects caused by something.

to be continued

When analyzing a cause-and-effect situation, students need to ask the following questions:

to be continued

1. What are the causes? What are the effects?

2 Which should be emphasized: the causes or the effects?

3. Are there multiple causes or multiple effects?

Tips for writing a cause-and-effect essay

1. State briefly the causes or effects to be discussed in the thesis statement.

For example: Causes: Lack of knowledge, over-

confidence, and poor judgment are the main reasons why people often lose good opportunities.

Effects: To avoid the emotion of loss could result in the selection of wrong choices, waste of time, and loss of opportunities.

to be continued


2. Plan to use one paragraph to describe each of the causes or effects. Each paragraph would have to provide an explanation of the cause of effect.

to be continued

3. Use the order of importance to organize all the supporting details. To make the most important point (cause or effect) stand out or impressive, the essay may start with the least important point and end with the most important one.


4. Introduce causes and effects using appropriate transitions to achieve coherence. The following ones are very common:Causes: because of, as a result of, caused by, result from, the reason is that…, for, due to, since Effects: cause, result in, thus, therefore, consequently, as a result

to be continued


5.Conclude the essay by summarizing the causes or effects. Give a brief summary of the causes or effects in your conclusion, followed by your final evaluation or comments, whether positive or negative. They can be an opinion, a prediction, a warning, a suggestion, or an appeal.

to be continued

Now, let’s take a look at

such an analysis of

Paragraph 7 in Text A.

to be continued

While playing the game, students noticed a modified visual element: Any door left un-clicked for a short while would shrink in size and vanish. Since they already understood the game, they should have ignored the vanishing doors, yet they rushed to click on the lesser doors before they vanished, trying to keep them open. As a result, they lost money in the end.

cause

Analysis of the text

They would probably protest that they were clinging to the doors to keep future options open, but, according to Dr. Ariely, that isn’t the true factor.(Para.7)

comment

Read the sample essay

and see how it develops

in the pattern of cause-

and-effect.

Topic:Why people make poor decisions Introduction:Thesis statement: There are two major reasons for making poor decisions: tend to use bad data and lack good information.

to be continued

Sample Analysis

Body:•Cause 1: Tend to use bad data•Cause 2: Lack good information

to be continued

Conclusion:Because of these two reasons, humans are sometimes irrational when they make decisions.

Sample: We’re confronted with choices every day. Sometimes we get them wrong, and sometimes right. Why do we sometimes decide poorly? There are two major reasons for making poor decisions: We tend to use bad data and lack good information.

to be continued

The first reason for poor decision-making is that people tend to use bad data. They are not very rational when making a decision. Consider a simple example. When people choose cell phone service, they need to look at objective ratings for customer service. However, if someone they know says he or she had a bad experience with a particular cell phone service provider, they tend to give that opinion more weight than any of the thousands of consumer reports. Consequently, they make a bad choice which may lead to post-decision regret.

to be continued

Another important reason for people to make a poor decision is lack of good information. In the real world, the information available to people is rarely perfect or complete, and people can predict very little about the consequences of their choices. For example, most people are much more likely to undergo an operation with a reported 80 percent success rate than one with a reported 20 percent risk of death, even though these numbers represent the same level of risk. People prefer fitting in with the majority, which results in irrational decisions.

to be continued

To conclude, because of these two

reasons, humans are sometimes irrational

when they make decisions. Therefore,

people need to be more rational and have

a complete knowledge of all possible

outcomes when making decisions.

Writing practice

Directions: Write an essay of no

less than 150 words on one of the

following topics. One topic has an

outline that you can follow.

Topic: What caused people’s irrational behaviorIntroduction: Thesis statement: Irrational behavior is caused by various factors but two stand out. Body:Cause 1: Uncontrolled emotionsCause 2: Stressed feelingConclusion: Uncontrolled emotions and too much stress can result in irrational behavior.

You may adopt the following expressions.

to one’s astonishment…attain victory overimpose sth. on sb.have validated conviction that keep multiple options openmarshal the will for sth.revolve aroundbe attached to sth.or sb.The more…, the more…instead of doing sth,

More topics:• Why do people jump to conclusions before investigation?

• The effects of iPhone-addiction

Translate a paragraph based

on a summary of the text by

using the expressions from

the text.

大多数人都太依恋过去和他们所熟悉的事物，因此他们错过了摆在他们面前的机会。一些门可能会关闭，但总会有很多其他的门—— 新的机遇——出现。如果我们足够明智，我们就会看到这个世界充满了机遇。显然，人的一生总难免会有失去和失败，如暂时失去金钱或工作，有时不愉快的事情会支配我们的情感。

be attached to

temporary loss

stand

an abundance of

be enlightened

To be continued

我们没有办法总是控制这些事情的发生，但我们却可以最大程度地控制我们的注意力和态度。我们对失去的东西——关闭的门——抱得越紧，我们的沮丧和不快就越多，但如果我们可以将我们的注意力从紧闭的门移开并放弃我们的担忧，我们可能会惊讶地发现一排新敞开的大门。

have control over

discard worries

retain maximum control over

tightly cling to

Samples

Most people are too attached to the past and to what they are familiar with; so, they miss opportunities that stand right in front of them. Doors may close, but there is always an abundance of other doors – new opportunities. The world is full of opportunities, if we could be enlightened to see them. Apparently, when it comes to one’s life, there are always losses and failures, such as temporary loss of money or job, and sometimes unpleasant things dominate our emotional feelings.

To be continued

We don’t always have control over these happenings, but we can retain maximum control over our attention and attitude. The more tightly we cling to the loss – the closed door, the more overwhelming frustration and unhappiness we will have, but if we could move our attention away from the closed door and discard our worries, we might be surprised to discover a row of new doors open.

Thematic study

6UNIT

Summary

Revision of the Useful

Expressions

Revision of the Functional

Patterns



1 难以取舍的选择

2 突袭敌阵

3 战胜对手4 突然着火5 深受敬仰6 达到成功的顶峰

7 从中受益

8 派上用场9 制胜方略10 为未来多留机会

rival options

a raid into enemy territory

attain victory over the opponents

go up in flames

be highly respected for

achieve the summit of success

profit from doing sth.

come in handy

winning strategy

keep future options open

11 紧抓门

12 付出大代价

13 相应的损失14 错失的机会15 溜走，逃脱16 放弃观点17 减轻负担

18 表面价值 19 获得乐趣

cling to the door

pay a big price

corresponding cost

lessen one’s load

missed opportunity

slip away

give away ideas for

outward merit

derive pleasure from

Functions & Usages Sentence Patterns

用于表达“某种情景下某人应该反思”

用于表达“某人或某物与众不同”。


The next time sb. is doing sth, ask oneself the question:

Sb. or sth. is a rare exception to sb.else, who / that…

Sb. would probably protest that…, but according to sb. else, that isn’t the true factor .

Revision of the Functional Patterns Language points —Functional patterns

6UNIT

The end



2 door closer, are you? unit 6 section a foreigh language teaching and research press air force...

Documents

text study6unitdoor

right choices

functional patternsdoor

options open

abundance of options

mit professor ariely

rational way

useful expressions revision