.

.

.

2

. .

500

600

30

40

1 2001,4001,600

40

45

%

%

200

300

400

20

30

600800

1,0001,200

35

40

, %

,

, %

,

0

100

200

0

10

0200400

'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

25

30

()

()

'98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

60 55

'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

2002

-

40

50

45

50 : 2010~2012 (5 )

- ( 31%)

, %

,

20

30

40

- ( 47%)

()

3

10'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

35 : WSA

. .

12%

3%

32%

500

(06~10)

4%

4%

4%

300

400

,

56.5

56.5

5%

8%

13%

15%100

200

'00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08(f) '09(f) '10(f)

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08(f) 09(f) 10(f)

35

(09~11)

25

30

,

2009,

3.8

2010 , 1.9

10

15

20

2011 0.6

- 6.3

4

10'00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08(f) '09(f) '10(f)

: WSA,

. .

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

,

,

1,2

UHP

630 kwh/t

Foamy

, ,

180

Tap-To-Tap

EBT (SPH)

DC

LF

6.5 kg/t

260 kwh/t

30

59%

83% Manipulator

30

1.3 kg/t

83%

80%

5

. .

KES(Klockner Electric Steel process)

DANARC(DANieli electric ARC)

CONARC(CONverter-ARC furnace)

FAF(Fuel Arc Furnace)

(Klockner Electric Steel process) (DANieli electric ARC) (CONverter ARC furnace) (Fuel Arc Furnace)

1 Shaft2 Gas-air 3 HPR 4 5 6 6

Bottom Blowing

Bottom Blowing

-

2EA

HPR (High Power Rotary)

Bottom Tuyere (+ )

Coal :

Coal : Bath

Bottom Tuyere (+ )

Side Wall Carbon Injector

Danieli

(/DRI//)

Energy

(/)

SMS Demag

-

HPR

Institute Metallurgy SMS-Demag Institute Metallurgy

50 Nm3/t

65 kwh/t

12 Nm3/t 14 kg/t

90 kwh/t

+DRI

181 kwh/t

22.3 Nm3/t

74.8 Nm3/t

22.6 kg/t

6

128 kwh/t ( 1/3)

. .

TWIN Consteel Shaft

MSP (Multistage Scrap Preheater)

Comelt

UL-BA (ULtimate BAtch)

DANARC Plus (DANieli electric ARC Plus)

IHI Shaft Furnace

ECOARC (ECOlogically friendly & ECOnomical

1 2

Basket

,

Finger Shaft

Shaft Finger

FSF (Finger Shaft Furnace)

ARC furnace)

,,

NSC, NKK, SMS-Demag, CLECIM

Flat Bath

Intersteel Technology

Heat 1st Bucket

2nd Bucket Finger Open

Fuchs

35~40 kwh/t (60%)

65 kwh/t (100%)

33 Nm3/t

325 kwh/t

4 Nm3/t 10 kg/t

40~75 kwh/t

7

. .

TopArc PIO system(Power Input Optimization system)

Harmonic oscillation level Noise Component

Tap

Injection Foaming

, ,

Tap

BSE

SMI (1994 )

1.5%, Power on time 5.1%, 7.1%

Chaparral, Cascade, Nucor, Birmingham ()

8

. .

A: Probe

B:

D:

.

C:

(, , , , , )

- , , , , Off gas

- , , Lime ,

- ,

, ,

(Stelco Hamilton), (Nucor Seattle, Auburn, MacSteel, SMI)

(Deacero Saltillo, Hylsa, Tamsa), (Topy Kogyo)

(, )

9

. .

(Cu Sn As Sb )

, ,

(Cu, Sn, As, Sb, )

SPH

,

()

()

Heat Tracking

10

.

3.4

0.1

7.9

5.9

3.7

7.8

3.2

10 56.2

16.6

0.0

0.46.9

(2007)

5.4

0 2

10.5

0.01

6.40.2

89.90.2

11

: WSA :

91.5

.

479

3,436

942475

31,447

33,666

9,797

7 852

5,183

13,978

636

4,007

,

3,378

1922,859

4,101

10,834

7,852

3,111

7,654

2,757

407 1,185

179

2,471

719

()

2006 ( : )

()

991

12

: WSA,

.

(07 )- 95 109%

(07 )- 95 72%

- 95 64% - 95 41%

1,8001,600

() ()

1,200

1,500

1,0001,2001,400

600

900

400600800,

0

300

'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

0200400

'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

DRI

13

: WSA,

.

- 05 4.4 10 5

- 11 : 3 ( 83%)

( )

18 : 3.6 ( 81%) : 3.36/ ( 97%)

()

600

500

300

400

200'00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08(f) '09(f) '10(f)

14

: WSA, WSD

.

( )

9 64% (0 )- 95 72% (07 ) - 47% (07 )

- 95 64% (07 )

: 53% (07 )

() ()30

40

50

20

25

20

30

15'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

0

10

'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

15

:

.

- 90 30% 07 23%

- ,

( )- 95 ( 66%, 8%, 5%)

08 ( 39%, 32%, 16%)

() ()8,00040,000 40%

6,000

,

30,000

,

30%

()()(%)

2,000

4,000

10,000

20,000

10%

20%

0'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08

0'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07

0%

16

:

.

22 6%

( )

44760,000

70,000

80,000 (A) (B)() (C) (D)

()

()

332

356

380

403

424

30,000

40,000

50,000

(A-B-C-D)

311

33

'00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06

0

10,000

20,000

'00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06

17

00 01 02 03 04 05 0600 01 02 03 04 05 06

:

.

08~11 ( )

(01 63.9% 08 74.2%)

( )

( 01 63.9% 08 74.2%)2019

45,00050,000

140%

160%

30 000

35,000()

(102.4%, 2019)

()

30,00035,00040,000

100%

120%

1 %

20 000

25,000

30,000

15,00020,00025,000

60%

80%

10 000

15,000

20,000

()

05,000

10,000,

0%

20%

40%

0

5,000

10,000

18

0'01 '03 '05 '07 '09 '11 '13 '15 '17 '19 '21 '23 '25

0%0'00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12

.

900 900,000

Scrap Scrap

800 800,000

600

700

($/

)

600,000

700,000

(

/)

500

500,000

A

400

400,000 A

A

HMS

200

300

7 10 1 4 7 10 1 4 7 10 1 4 7 10 1200,000

300,000 SB

H2HBI

19

7 10 1 4 7 10 1 4 7 10 1 4 7 10 1

05 06 0807 09

.

H

C S Pb A Sb

Cu Sn Pb As Sb

() 1,083 231 327 817 630

H

(%) 0.2 0.02 0.001 0.02 0.02

( )

() ()

( )Cu

Cu

( )

20

Cu

.

Guillotine Shear Scrap Cleaning Plant Shredder Press

( )

()

( )

( )

, ,

:

:

:

:

(Bulk Density )

:

capa : 35 T/Hr (168/)

1,250

* 1,800

capa : 100 T/Hr (480/) capa : 25 T/Hr (120/) capa : 8 T/Hr (40/)

21

.

Global -

,

CO2

JIT(Just In Time) System

22