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2017
1st International Conference on Vaishnavism
ADMIN
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1st International Conference on Vaishnavism Jointly organized by the Shree Halari Visa Oswal College affiliated to Mumbai University and BhaktivedantaVidyapitha Research Center of ISKCON - A BRIEF REPORT Mumbai, 6 th July 2017
Contents INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 2
INAUGURAL SESSION .................................................................................................................................... 3
Inauguration .................................................................................................................................................... 3
Dr Sanjay Deshmukh, VC ............................................................................................................................... 4
Welcome note ............................................................................................................................................... 4
HG Gauranga Das ........................................................................................................................................... 6
Keynote Address ........................................................................................................................................... 6
Dr Chandrakant Puri ..................................................................................................................................... 10
Guest Speech............................................................................................................................................... 10
Dr Satish Modh .............................................................................................................................................. 11
Guest Speech............................................................................................................................................... 11
Mrs Maya Shahani ........................................................................................................................................ 12
Guest Speech............................................................................................................................................... 12
PAPER PRESENTATIONS ............................................................................................................................ 13
Dr Gauri Mahulikar ...................................................................................................................................... 13
Contribution of Ramanujacharya in bringing about social inclusiveness and reform................................. 13
Dr Ferdinando Sardella ................................................................................................................................. 15
An Overview of the Social and Cultural History of the Bhakti Movement and Vaishnavism ................... 15
Dr. Ruby Sain ................................................................................................................................................. 16
Role of religion in developing happy and healthy societies........................................................................ 16
Dr. S Makbul Islam........................................................................................................................................ 17
Vaishnavism in Cultural Space: East and North-East India ........................................................................ 17
Dr. Madhavi Narsale ..................................................................................................................................... 20
Family Relations in Bhagawat Purana ....................................................................................................... 20
PANEL DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................................................... 23
Mapping the field of Vaishnava studies ........................................................................................................ 23
Dr Ferdinando Sardella ............................................................................................................................... 23
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Dr. Kala Acharya ........................................................................................................................................ 24
Dr. Shubhada joshi ...................................................................................................................................... 25
Ideas on facilitating Study of Vaishnavism ................................................................................................ 26
VOTE OF THANKS ......................................................................................................................................... 26
NEWS COVERAGE ......................................................................................................................................... 27
INTRODUCTION
Scholars and academicians from various parts of the country and abroad converged at the Kalina
campus of Mumbai University to participate in a first of its kind International conference on the
topic “Relevance, Role and Resurgence of Vaishnavism studies in 21st century.” Jointly
organized by the Shree Halari Visa Oswal College affiliated to Mumbai University and
BhaktivedantaVidyapitha Research Center of ISKCON and, the conference witnessed
participation of more than 200 students, scholars and administrators from the field of academia.
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INAUGURAL SESSION
Inauguration
Honorable Vice Chancellor of Mumbai University, Dr. Sanjay Deshmukh and several other
dignitaries like Dr Satish Modh, Director of Vivekanand Institute of Management Studies, Mrs
Maya Shahani, Chairperson at ThadomalShahani Centre for Management,Dr. Chandrakant Puri,
a Chair Professor at Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Contemporary Studies, HG Gauranga Das from
ISKCON Mumbai inaugurated the conference by lighting the lamps. It was followed by
Sarasvati Vandana and the University Anthem.
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Dr Sanjay Deshmukh, VC
Welcome note
Dr. Sanjay Deshmukh in the Welcome note spoke that ethos and scriptures have always guided
the nation since time immemorial and universities can play a major role in resolving the
problems and needs of the society by connecting to the sacred ethos.
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He said that enlightenment can come any time, it does not depend on age. Seeing a saffron figure
on dais we should not be astonished because these people are people who have got
enlightenment from their life. Many of them are from reputed institutes like IITs and have
dedicated themselves for society. We should be open and should grasp everything good that
people have to share. Inculcate quality to respect your teachers. There are 17 Lac species
identified and we are just one species, we are over powering on the virtue of brain. But there is
equitable sharing of the resources. We have to co-exist and we have to understand we inherit the
world along with them. Ethos and scriptures have guided human kind since very starting of this
country Hindustan. Genetically we are one specie, although we have different religion, cast or
creed. Our commitment to country and society is enlightenment and it binds us. Universities
Taxshila and Nalanda had great legacy but it was hindered. Bolonia centre of knowledge
established in 1088 is now the oldest continuing the university but they too took knowledge from
India.
MU is celebrating 160th year of Excellency. When UGC was established there were only 24
Universities in India. After that UGC had long journey it increased the count of universities in
India to great number still we are not able to reach to all the population of country. On board we
have people from Stockhome we understand that Humanity is philosophy of practice and thus we
share common idea with them. There are many respectable people on this platform in-fact Gauri
Maulikar is like my teacher. I want blessings for university from all of you. Universities
historically have resolved the problem and needs of the society not just problems related to
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education. We are proud that the hosts of the conference have selected University premises to
host this event and we are sure that this journey to true knowledge will make the country proud.
HG Gauranga Das
Keynote Address
HG Gauranga Das, Chairperson of BhaktivedantaVidyapitha Research Center in his Key note
address mentioned that today the World is changing faster than ever before and in such a state of
flux we need to ground ourselves into the unchangeable principles of scriptures like the
Bhagavad Gita.Changes which previously use to take 50 years, are now taking place in 5 years.
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In all spiritual and religious journeys including modern theory and philosophies these five things
are common:
Understanding where he is?
What is the destination of the seeker?
What experience is he expecting at destination?
What is his experience during journey?
What are the difficulties one will face in journey?
Statistics shows that modern world is facing many challenges like environmental degradation,
Terrorism, Corruption, etc. We need to understand how these problems are affecting all. He said
that the root cause of modern day problems lies in the disharmony of the self with the people and
environment around, and this can be addressed by developing one’s connection with divinity
leading to harmonious co-existence of self, society and surroundings. This attempt to connect
with the Supreme is the common principle amongst various spiritual traditions.
All religions of world are offering various paths towards this harmony. People of all paths
understand that current situation is disharmony. Zooming within Hinduism there are many
traditions like Advaita, Dvaita, Vishistaadvaita etc.
There are four key Traditions mentioned in Padma Puran – Ramanujacharya, Madhavacharya,
Nimarkacharya and Vishnu Swami. From all traditions we will find that ultimately relationship
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of soul with Supersoul leads to harmony. This harmony of soul with supersoul leads to other
harmony including harmony with nature.
If this relationship is not in harmony it leads to disharmony with other living beings. In this state
soul and nature are too in disharmony. But when in sync with Supersoul all things set on right
place. Analogy is to understand when one identifies relationship with father and mother then he
can understand other relations with uncles and aunts and other people. At next level one
understands that world is like a family - Vasudhaiva Kutubakam.
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In Vaishnav tradition the word for approaching Lord is called – Sharanagati – dictionary
meaning of this word is shelter. But this world has Gati which means movement or journey. Thus
Sharanagati also symbolizes that it is in synergy with journey. It is important to come together
and discuss Journey and its various aspects and share the thought leadership. It is important to
explore what consist at the core of this harmony so that we can understand principles of harmony
and make them relevant. When People ask am I a Sadhu? Then to bewilder them I tell that I am
in health care! Because definition of UN-WHO – defines healthy state is when body mind and
soul are in synergy. There are many epidemics in history which killed many people in World
history but very rarely you will find that in 18 days 64 Crore people died. This happened in war
of Mahabharat at Kurukshetra. This war was arranged by Krishna in response to Duryodhana’s
stubbornness. Who was not accepting will of the Lord. One lesson was to accept the opinion of
Vishnu and it’s representative else face the consequences. One name of Krishna is
Madhusudana, one meaning is who destroy Madhu, an Asura. Madhu also means honey which
has two effects sweetness and intoxicating. Similarly false ego has two effects - sweet and
intoxicating. Aspiring for position and place is sweet and many times hankering goes out of
control thus it is also intoxicating. One friend Brahma Tirtha Prabhu who was in New York now
in Florida once got a visiting card from a person which had PHD BF written on it. When he
asked what that that mean, person replied it is PHD but fail. When asked what was the need to
write that in reply he says that my parents always wanted me to become scholar PhD. I tried but
could not succeed but I wanted to be part of that circuit at the same time I also wanted to be
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honest. Most people when they see PHDBF they thing they think it is beyond PHD but you are
the first person to ask me. Vaishnavism like Doctor’s treatment of patient. Treatment consist of
two parts analysing disease and accepting medicine by patient. Both are essential medicines
without diagnosis may be dangerous and simply analysis without medicine makes entire exercise
futile.
We see that companies in few Sq Km of San Hose are controlling how everyone is expressing
oneself today. Now any class of people has power to express themselves to world. By giving
power to each individual without any type of filter we see that concept of ego or I, me and mine
are becoming so prominent that it will be difficult to control the conflicts.
Even the practice of Vaishnvism will be consider myth in future and concept to dissolve the false
ego can be consider ludicrous. Lofty ideas of scripture will not seem to be relevant to them. They
may wonder ancient people who had no facebook, how their ideas will be relevant. Thus we need
to represent those voices for benefit of future generations. When voice and words spoken by
Vishnu and devotees will be assimilated by majority all will be benefited. When scholars put
their minds churning happens. There is tremendous amount of knowledge available and when it
is churned, revelations comes out. Here on this platform we have luminaries who are churning
great knowledge. It may be possible that results of these churnings are not visible in our life
spans but future generation would thank us for making it more relevant.
Just like spread of some modern disease where names and countries of effected party may be
different. Such disease may be anywhere in world but research takes place worldwide. Similarly
virus of greed, lust, envy is spreading; one kind of drug for all these subtle problems is
connecting with supreme.
Dr Chandrakant Puri
Guest Speech
He shared his experience of working for tribal people for last 25 years. Many Hindu saints of
Maharashtra have worked for upliftment of lower sections of society. He said, “I am fighting for
nomadic tribes of Maharashtra. Everyone has their own way of praying, for me praying is
serving humanity. Meals for people in tribal area of Thane is not easy. It is shocking but it is a
fact that tribal are dying in nearby districts of Mumbai. ISKCON has made significant
contribution by Prasadam distribution in these areas. For me a beautiful example of Vaishnavism
is ISKCON’s project at Govardhan Ecovillage.”
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Dr Satish Modh
Guest Speech
Dr Satish Modh said that in his internet research he could find only one journal of credence on
Vaishnavism which is the Journal of Vaishnava studies, published from Virginia by ISKCON
scholars for last 15 years.He added that translations and works on Indian scriptures have been
pioneered by western scholar with dubious intentions and over a period they have become the
standard text books.
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Most of the research works from European scholars are interpretations of interpretations
neglecting the original work. Thus this conference is important. Our education system is not able
to provide a Platform to publish such work. There is great need to find real meaning of Shad-
Darshan. We see that some people pick something of Darshan and start their schools/ashram. He
said that it is unfortunate that all great works on shad-darshan is available in library of Chicago
instead of India. He thanked organizers and said I feel proud to be present in such
conference.There is an urgent need for interventionin this area. It is a dream that ISKCON starts
a university for such works.
Mrs Maya Shahani
Guest Speech
She started by saying, “Buddha went out of the palace in search of peace, but we Buddhus here
are searching palaces for peace.” Working with UN she realized that at best we just tolerate other
cultures but do not really understand or appreciate them.
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The conference witnessed scholarly paper presentations by Dr Ferdinando Sardella, a Swedish
scholar on the history of religions from Stockholm University, Dr. Sk. Makbul Islam, Ph. D. in
Comparative Folklore from the University of Calcutta, Dr Ruby Sain Head of the Department of
Sociology at Jadavpur University, Dr. Gauri Mahulikar and Dr. Madhavi Narsalay, former and
current HOD at Department of Sanskrit, MU respectively.
PAPER PRESENTATIONS
Dr Gauri Mahulikar
Contribution of Ramanujacharya in bringing about social inclusiveness and reform
On the occasion of 1000 years of appearance of Sripad Ramanujacharya she presented paper on
‘Social inclusiveness by Ramanuja’. She stated that Ramanuja’s philosophy is called
Vishistadvaita, he was prolific Vedantist, ardent worshiper of Vishnu. By personalizing Brahman
he made it accessible to all. He is known for taking initiation form low class saint Kanchipurna.
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Ramanujacharya spread the teachings of Divya prabandham. This is compilation form 12 Tamil
Alvars devotees. He accepted downtrodden people in main stream. His nine works are most
famous and also called as nine ratnas. Work of Ramanujacharya gave intellectual basis to Bhakti.
During that period Parashar’s compilation of Upanishad was misunderstood due to wrong
interpretations of Brahma sutra which Ramanujacharya cleared. Ramanujacharya got these
teachings to door step of common people. He defines Brahman not as an abstract concept but a
personal concept with innumerable qualities.
By his intellectual discussions he converted many Jainas and Buddhas to Vaishnav order in
Mysore. His services exemplified social inclusiveness. He also emphasised on Pancharata which
presents five vyuha of Vishnu. Archa and devotion are its native feeling. Vedic devotion is more
of out of fear for example we can see cases of devotion to Varuna from Vedas. She also
discussed about works of Ramanujacharya - Gadyatrayam, Sri Ranga Gadyam, Vaikuntha
gadyam. Vaikuntha gadyam gives beautiful description of Vaikuntha, Avyaya by Avayaya (limb
by limb) description of Lord Narayan and devotees are lured by such beautiful description.
Ramanujacharya revealed that Salokata, Samipata. Prapatti (or Nyasa by Vedanta deshika) are
not new concept. In-fact Mundaka Upanishad mentions that atman understanding is obtained by
one when chosen by supreme not by knowledge. Thus grace of God plays important role and
whom to reward it becomes responsibility of Lord. It is possible to be become the chosen one by
performance of Bhakti. It is also termed as Marjara Bhakti just like kitten carried by cat.
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By his practice Ramanujacharya preached more than his works (books). Niyatam Kurut Karma
of Bhagvad Gita for Ramanuja is Varnashram Dharma while Shankara translated it as daily
work. Ramanuja also translates Avidhya in Isopanishad as knowledge without varnashrama.
With Varnasharama he demonstrated how even low class person is capable of obtaining lord.
Majorly Ramanujacharya took Vishnu Puran in his teachings.
Dr Ferdinando Sardella
An Overview of the Social and Cultural History of the Bhakti Movement and Vaishnavism
Dr. Ferdinando Sardella mentioned that study of Vaishnavism has been long neglected in India
and there is a need of scholarly work bring to light several unexplored areas in the field of
Vaishnavism which deserve attention.
He highlighted that because data is very less for ancient history there is large scope of
interpretations. Indology as a study began in late 18 century. German indologists were prominent
in this field and now Indian scholars are participating in this. He shared initial three division
were there in Vaishnavism –Vaikhanasa, Pancaratra and Bhagvata. He mentioned that there is
debate on dating of Bhagvat Purnana, Puran itself mentions that it is five thousand years old also
it has mix of Sanskrit which is of Vedic period, it is possible that content of Purana is much older
but in general it is considered that is 1st millennium old.
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In his presentation he showed that archeologically Heliodorus pillar of Vidisha in MP is dated at
113BC having Bhagvat word inscribed on it. He mentions that after Ashok came the Gupta
dynasty which patronized Vaishnavism. This time they practiced Varnashrama and Fa-hien
mentions that citizens were happy and satisfied there no animal killing and king support both
Hindu and Buddha religion. He shared that Angkor Wat of Cambodia with Largest Vishnu
complex was one of the biggest city of that period this temple have reliefs of Ramayana and
Mahabharat. He gave brief on vaishnav saints Alvars ( 7th century) from Tamil Nadu. He also
gave brief on Bhakti Movement and bhakti having both aspects of Saguna and Nirguna
thoughts.
He mentioned that MK Gandhi in his Complete works, publication year 1958-94, vol xxi, page
246 mentions that:
- He does not disbelieve in idol worship
- He advocates cow protection more than general understanding
- He accepts Varnashrama in Vedic sense not as cast system
- He completely believe in Vedas and Upanishadhs
He gave understanding how Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati changed situation from renunciation to
engaging objects in service of lord and border understanding of Jiva daya. His views in Bange
Samajikata, are that Hinduism develops further rather than decays from pure ancient state. He
sent missionary to Europe in 1933 and had Governor of Bengal on board. He mentioned that
Vaishnavism and living spirituality needs to be better studied
Dr. Ruby Sain
Role of religion in developing happy and healthy societies
She said that although study on religion is age-old but it was never included in sociology. Now it
is being considered important because of terrorism etc. Because of these events it is coming in
picture. Secularization is declined by religion. Father of sociology included religion. Under
leftist regime such studies never flourished because it was considered opium. Now we have
established center of religion and society at Jadhavpur University. I had to fight 4-5 years a lot
under left regime since 2011; other departments and staff never agreed and cooperated in this.
Ferdinando helped me in this. This center is first of its kind in Asia. We have organized different
conferences on sociology – impact of religion etc. - socio political structure based on religion.
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Modules that are included in Jadhavpur university are Comparative mysticism , Sociology of
religion, new religious movements, study of religious texts (epistemology), mythological texts,
gender issues in religion, practices (meditation and Yoga etc), Sanskrit language, grammar and
literature, religion and art – aesthetics, healing process, health , media, ethics and values,
behaviors, comparative methodology.
Dr. S Makbul Islam
Vaishnavism in Cultural Space: East and North-East India
Dr. Makbul Islam’s paper on ‘Vaishnavism in Cultural Space: East and North-East India’ was a
special attraction. A keen follower of Jagannath culture, Dr Makbul presented an interesting
account of the history of Vaishnava art, culture and worship. He also drew parallels between
Vaishnavism and Islam.
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He presented a history of Vaishnavism in North East:
Rise of Neo-Vaishnavism in Manipur – State religion by Garib Niwaz (singh-1: 2012). King
Garib Niwaz took initiation from Guru Gopal Das - 1717 AD (Bihari: 2012: 85) founded a
Krishna Mandir - 1722 AD (Bihari: 2012: 89)
Chowpakhekhompa - The king of Burma - presented a deity of Vishnu to Kiyamba. Kiyamba is
the king of Manipur Manipur in 1469 AD. He build the Vishnu temple Lamangdong – named as
Bishenpur or Visnupur.
King Charairongba (reign period 1697-1709 AD) First initiated in Vaishnava (Madvacharyya
order) - 1704 AD (Singh AD (Singh-2: 1987:32). 2: 1987:32). He took initiation from Rai
Banamali (alias Krishnacharyya) from Sweta Ganga area, Puri, Odisha.
King Bhagyachandra took initiation from Rupa-Paramananda goswami before 1763 AD.
Gru parampara of the king is- Sri Chaitanya deva (Puri, 1486-1533 AD) Narottamdas thakur
(Kheturi Convention, 1583 AD) Ganganarayan Chakrabarty (Narottam Parivar, Vaishnava
Missionary, Eastern Bengal) Rupapa Parmananda goswami (Vaishnava Missionary, Srihatta,
Manipur, before 1763 AD) King Bhagyachandra (The initiated king, before 1763 AD)
King Bhagyachandra was a cultural reformer. At Kheturi convention in 1583 – there was Naam
sankirtan, deity worship and shastra charcha. Manipuri dance achieved world level recognition.
The Famous Govindaji Temple of Manipur is the remarkable contribution of Bhagyachandra.
Gambhir Singh dedicated Canchipur (Kanchipur) – the capital of Manipur to Sri Govinda
(Singh-1: 2012: 60).
Gambhir Singh ordered to worship Sri Jagannath along with Sri Govindji, during his reign
Rathayatra (Kang Chingba) started in 1832 AD.
The Vaishnavism of Manipur has passed several levels: Vishnu (Vishnu Temple, Lamangdong)
Rama (Rama Temple) Krishna (Krishna Temple) Govinda (Govindajee Temple) Jagannatha
(Jagannath Achouba) Chaitanya Advaita-Nityananda (Almost in all Manipuri Mandap)
Tripura
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First Vishnu Mandir in Udaypur (Tripura) was built by Raja Rajdhar Manikya (1611-1613 AD,
the 115th king).
Raja Rajdhar Manikya – 1611-1612 – 115th kings – constructed slate stone temple.
Vaishnava Guru Srinivas acharya preached in Kacchar (Tripura) with the help of Vir Hambir, the
king of Vishnupur, Bengal (Chatterjee: 2001: 58).
The Places where Bhagvatam was conducted were called as Bhagavat Tungi in Orissa, Satra in
Assam and mandapa in Manipur.
In North east region among the tribal population performing Yatra and leela( past times of lord
Krishna) were popular culture. Thus they celebrated festivals like chandan Yatra, Snanyatra,
Ratahayatra and enacted past times like 2Impact on culture: The impact of Vaishnavism of
culture may be noticed in major cultural spheres like - Music - Literature - Painting - Performing
art - Sculpture - Architecture
In Assam you can see Srimad Bhagvatam in almost all temples.
The vaishnava-minded Muslims of Bengal The name of SALA BEG (17th century, born in
1607/8 AD) renowned devotional poet, devotee of Sri Jagannath lived pious life as dedicated
Vaishnavas. Haridas thakur - dedicated Vaishnava, chanting Hari-Nam. Sri Chaitanya
Mahaprabhu declared him as ‘Namacharyya’. He declared Sri Chaitanyadeva as the Avatar of Sri
Krishna. Besides, there is band of Muslim poets - ‘Vaishnava minded Muslim poets’ (Baishnava
Bhabapanna Muslaman Kabi). The collection of their poems and lyrics was published from
university of Calcutta (Jyotindramohan Bhattacharyya).
Comparison and bridge of Islam and Vaishnavism
- One God
- Position of devotee – Servant of Lord
- Bhakti Yoga – connection with the supreme
- Position of Jiva – God partical within us – nafatti ..
Speaking on ecessity of resurgence of Vaishnavism, he said that Vaishnavism has taught us that
we have a transcendental destination and we are committed to reach it. Our destination is God,
only God and Almighty God. Tolerance and patience are two mighty qualities that Vaishnavism
advocated. “Trinadapi sunichena, taroriba sahishnuna” - being an eternal message, can resist
conflict and stop bloodshed. The message of modesty is of high moral value when we come
across arrogation almost all walks of life.
Gita teaches us to fight against all odds of life with a sense of non-enmity. Gita’s eternal call like
- “Nirvaira sarvabhuteshu” and “Sama shatrou ca mitre ca” (Gita: 0000: 12/00 and 12/00) can be
treated as axis of non violence. The philosophy of a controlled life (samjatendriya) and
devotional life as preached by the Vaishnava Gurus and Acharyyas, has shown a simple path to
millions of souls who suffered from material enjoyment. Bhagavad Gita knows no religious
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division. Gita treats nobody as Hindu-Muslim-Christians. Gita treats all of us as pure soul
(Atma). Re-union of Atma with Paramatma is the core message that Vaishnavism wants to
convey.
Dr. Madhavi Narsale
Family Relations in Bhagawat Purana
She said that Bhagvat Puran is considered apex scripture of Vaishnavism and is equivalent to
Vedas. This is book of faith and divine participation. Family is a group of people and is basic
institution of socialization. Dealings of family members are very well presented in Bhagvat
Purna. She took theme of various relationships from the Bhagvatam
Father son relation –
i) Veda Vyas’s astonishment when Shukadev renounced. As a father he felt need to
perform ritual and duties.
ii) How coldness of relations turns into love from Dhruva and Uttanpad. Need to interact
and come together.
iii) From Ajamila Akhyana how last glimpse of son Narayan saved Ajamil.
iv) Rishabhadeva discourse to sons on renunciation and spiritual upliftment.
v) Scriptures mentions strained family effect like fight in husband and wife as symptom
of Kaliyuga.
vi) Story of two sons of Bhakti Jnyana and Vairagya. Bhakti become rejuvenated
hearing glories of Lord. But sons get strength from Bhagvat Purana. Lesson of trying
relentlessly to bring family member back to normal.
vii) Sex not taboo but at wrong time it is condemned like Diti and Kashyapa
Husband and wife –
i) How Gandhari as Grihasta and vanapratha followed husband.
Fraternal Relation
i) Gokarna and Dhundukari a ghost who heard Bhagvatam and in seven days seven
knots were snapped and Gokarna succeeded.
ii) How Maruts showed fraternal relation with Indra.
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Son and Mother
i) Narad a son of maid servant serves mother and pain of her death.
ii) Mother Devahuti seeking knowledge from child Kapila. Lesson of removing ego
(Ahamkara) is required for upliftment. It is not wrong to be preached by children.
Age is not matter and we should learn from children.
Relations with elders
i) Seek advice from elder people as their advice is valuable. Yudhishtira always took
advice of seniors like Bhishma. Details of Bhagvatam on teachings of Bhishma are
not like Shanti Parva but with more devotion and less of political advice.
Family relation thought revenge -
I) Ashvathama revenge for death of his father
II) Arjuna’s avenge for his son.
III) Parikshit was cursed due to family relationship by son of Shamik.
IV) Janmajaya also take revenge for death of his father.
Purna highlights that such revenge does not hold good for both party.
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Father daughter –
i) Daughter give pleasure and marriage a important event for Grihasta.
ii) Shatarupa and Manu plays role in marriage of Devahuti and Kardama. Choice is
important.
iii) Daughters of Kardama explained in Bhagvatam although genealogy generally is
paternal.
iv) Marriage of Sukanya daughter of King Sharyati
Other key lessons -
Ikshavaku rejecting son Vikukshi shows wrong results from wrong acts.
Wrong parental upbringing highlighted by example of Duryodhana who leads to fall
down of Kuru.
Good memories play vital role Uddhava’s memories with borther Krishna gives positive
energy of Lord.
Bhagvat Puran does not create rosy picture of society but states that problems are there
and one has to face them.
For Sagara’s sixty thousand son their descendents put so many efforts.
Yayati and Shukra story brings out younger member to save family is exemplified.
Krishna gives pleasure to family and extended family.
Kamsa killing show that extremely bad member of family needs to be killed.
Krishna as ideal brother of Subhadra.
Krishna as good husband brings Parijata for wife.
Puran inspirers to be virtuous and need of establishing dharma.
Puran also highlights collaboration is important for family as social unit.
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PANEL DISCUSSION
Mapping the field of Vaishnava studies
The conference concluded with a Panel Discussion on the topic “Mapping the field of Vaishnava
studies: How to develop the field of Vaishnava studies in India”. DrShubhada Joshi,former HOD
Department of Philosophy, MU, Dr Kala Acharya director of K.J.
SomaiyaBharatiyaSanskritiPeetham, Dr.ShakuntalaGawde Assistant Professor, Department of
Sanskrit, MU andDr Ferdinando Sardella threw light on various ways in which research and
studies in field of Vaishnava studies could be facilitated.
Dr Ferdinando Sardella
Various departments like Sociology, Philosophy, Archaeology, Anthropology, Sanskrit etc. study
Vaishnavism but all of them together as common study is issue.
Possible areas in Vaishnavism that deserve attention
- Ancient history of Vaishnavism and contradictions are areas of interest for research.
- Archaeological dates of Dwarka, Kurukshetra and Indraprastha are of Vaishnav
importance.
- Many excavation during Gupta dynasty
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- Cosmology of Bhagvatam also largely shared by Jainism and Buddhism
- Emergence of Bhakti Tradition in 2nd millennium and rigidity of cast system
- Comparison of Bhakti tradition in North East, South India etc are very less researched.
- Many ancient temples are yet to be explored and understood including temples of Nepal,
Bangladesh and south-east Asia.
- Vaishnav Manuscripts and texts discussions on sentimental vs philosophical
- Vaishnav books and comparison with Islam and Christianity
- Study on rich vaishnav culture like Drama, Art, Architecture and pilgrimage
- Impact of Vaishnavism on society like environment, inclusive approach, relationships,
ethics, service to God, universal brotherhood, chanting of Mantra, Individual problem
vegetarianism etc.
- Reason without religion becomes dry. Such study is complementary to scientific study.
We should see work by Buddhist researcher and scholars.
- Vaishanvism study is neglected much there are not people to answer about Hinduism and
certainly in India there is need. Vaishnavism is such large tradition. Judaism and Sikhism
are also studied out of India.
Dr. Kala Acharya
Shared many points on Vaishnav understanding and philosophy
- How all living being are form His body and we have sacred partial with us
- Vaishnav understanding of Brahman is that we are living in real world.
- Sanctification of life by Prapatti. Self surrender, Egolessness.
- Removing social conflict - Anukulasya sankalpa and pratikulasya varjanam.
- Love towards not only God but to its creation shows that interest of society is important.
- Knowledge transform in love
- Joy of service part of vaishnavism - cleaning and plantation of trees give dimension of
social service.
- Chit and Achit both are sacred and service with spirituality.
- All human being equal for vaishnav. Among Alvars there are also poor, low class people
and woman. Thus Philosophy is not only in words but in practise.
- Vaishnav saints of Maharashtra also belong from various lower sections of society.
- Vaishnav books like Eknathi bhagvat, Abhangs promoted use of local languages.
- Systematic manuals for vaishnav practices are very well planned.
- How Vadakallai and Tenakallai both can give success. (case of cub of monkey vs kitten
and cat)
- Ramanuja’s explanation of Brahman is inclusive and easily accessible to people.
- Vaishnavism teaches how we do not fall for temptation.
Ramanuja’s advice to his disciple on death bad are important for interfaith –
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She said there are three types of people
i) Anukula – Those who have faith in God – Rejoice their meeting as if your kith and
kin,
ii) Pratikula – Those who are Anti-God – Dread as if you have seen reptile
iii) Anubhaya – Indifferent people - Don’t mind them just like stone.
If last two have willingness try to bring them on life of spirituality. Pity them don’t hate
them.
- For taking vaishnavism to masses approach by Loka Kala can be used. Loka Kala is
taught to people and there are not very strict regulation in university. Art is a good media
to propagate.
Dr. Shubhada joshi
- Varkari of Maharashtra is a Bhagvat Sampradaya.
- Justice mahadev Govind Ranade in 19th century talks about nava bhagvata sampradaya.
- In field of knowledge we should explore why, how and for whom Vaishnavism is needed.
Two centres created by department of Philosophy –
1. Jaina academy research in 1993 – It focused on architecture, Prakrut language.
2. Centre for Vallabha Vedanta was created in 2003 - it also focus on study of
vaishnavism and give holistic perspectives.
- Vaishnavism is strong thread which united India and gave cultural strength. Young
generation think it is irrelevant and only applicable in family relations. But answers to
modern questions one find in cultural areas. Many answers to these modern questions are not
available up to expected level.
- Vaishnav cultural aspects includes songs, arts, archaeology and history thus inter disciplinary
approach should be taken for study.
- In Maharashtra Vaishnav study along with Varkari will be better. They contributed
immensely to the land and it is neglected by those who work in the area of knowledge.
Efforts to make it available to all people required may be by short term courses.
- Few characteristic of Varkari – Vishnumayajaga. Vrikshavalli ama soyari vanachari.
Principles of Varkari is same is in NE and Tamil areas where they sing in local languages
such principles. Lot of content of Bhakti tradition was composed when Sanskrit was high
class language.
- Eknath Bhagvat is used by varkari. His son did not appreciated because it was in vernacular
language. But in Varanasi scholars they took Marathi version in Palaki and Eknath was
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felicitated then son got astonished. Bhavartha Dipika another literature which brought
transformation in life of people.
- Utility of philosophy shows how it gave equal status to lowclass and woman. There are Dindi
only for woman. Hardly any cast distinctions are practiced.
- Problem is that what is in spiritual domain is not in social domain but it can reach to people.
We need to make it interesting so that people will willingly accept it.
- Gyaneshvar is follows Advaita philosophy but also says that Saguna Bhakti is required.
Person and ideas are important than the ritual.
Ideas on facilitating Study of Vaishnavism
- Study of Vaishnavism is better if done in inter disciplinary way. See how people of Marathi
and other languages looking at Vaishavism and how historian, archaeological people are
looking at it.
- Take project on impact by saints in Maharashtra. Justice Ranade mentions that work of saints
made land ready for Maratha power. Their work made nation more human and more
tolerable
- Plans of reconciliation with Islam and Christianity would help study of Vaishnavism.
- Study how love and faith replace dogma and built nation of higher capacity.
- Short courses on Vaishnavism in simpler way can be helpful. We need to justify why are we
doing this course?
Make them interesting why one should join to such courses?
- Discussion on text and how it is to be studied makes things interesting. Students say that we
enjoy because we never thought it to be this way, it opened our mind.
- Preserving tradition also requires contributors of domain. If Infra is provided by any group
and study is taken forward it is a win-win for all university also benefits from it and learner
also.
- Vaishnavism is way of living, so many changes this tradition has adapted and thus it is living
tradition.
- Course on Vipashyana started by university with Pali language now this language became a
department.
- Prakrat was studied by small group but now this language study is also increasing. Such
progress increase of horizon is joy.
- Many research institute study Vaishnavism but connectivity is required. Around Mumbai five
institute are there and there is need of academic dialog with a road map.
VOTE OF THANKS
Dr Vinayak Dalvie, an eminent academician and OSD for the Mumbai University congratulated
ISKCON for organizing this conference and initiating a new field of research on Vaishnavism.
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A concluding Vote of Thanks was presented by Dr. Rambhau Badode, Professor, Department of
English, University of Mumbai. Special thanks were offered to Dr. SnehalDonde, Principal,
Halary Visa Oswal College and DrSumantaRudra, Director of BhaktivedantaVidyapitha
Research Center who played pivotal role in conceiving and organizing the conference. Overall
the conference registered novel ideas and inspiration on how the knowledge and art rich tradition
of Vaishnavism could help contribute to the social, cultural, scientific, economic and ecological
wealth of humanity.
NEWS COVERAGE
http://www.uniindia.com/international-conference-on-relevance-of-vaishnavism-in-21st-century-
tomorrow-in-mumbai/other/news/921723.html
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/relevance-of-vaishnavism-discussed-at-conference-in-
mumbai/1/996142.html
http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/relevance-of-vaishnavism-discussed-at-conference-
in-mumbai-117070601548_1.html
http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-relevance-of-vaishnavism-discussed-at-conference-in-mumbai-
2494381
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